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A Wifi Based Smart Wireless Sensor Network For Monitoring An

Agricultural Environment
Abstract
Maintaining an agricultural field is a tedious process because heavy manual work is involved in it.
The farmers have to visit the field daily for watering the crops and he will be checking the humidity
of the soil often. This will be his routine work and he might not be able to concentrate in other
works. In order to avoid these problems, automation is done using Wireless sensor network.
The project aims at designing a WIFI based smart wireless sensor network for monitoring an
Agricultural Environment. Wi-Fi (Short for Wireless Fidelity) is a wireless technology that uses radio
frequency to transmit data through the air. Wi-Fi has initial speeds of 1mbps to 2mbps. Wi-Fi
transmits data in the frequency band of 2.4 GHz. It implements the concept of frequency division
multiplexing technology.
The project is mainly considered with monitoring Temperature, humidity, light intensity and water
level in an agricultural field. The sensors used here are Temperature sensor, Humidity sensor, Light
sensor and water level sensor. These sensors will be placed in the field to completely monitor the
minute changes in the environmental field. The presence of light and duration is of significance as it
has an effect on growth processes of plants. Humidity and temperature is of great importance, as
when levels are too low or high agricultural products can suffer. This information will be forwarded
to the microcontroller.
The microcontroller receives the information from sensors and checks whether the parameters are
in normal condition. The farmer can be able to monitor land from his home by having Laptop. The
information from microcontroller reaches the farmer through wi-fi module. The farmer can also
control water level by a relay circuit as instructed from microcontroller. This greatly reduces manual
work of farmers.

Existing System
1. Monitoring water levels and providing irrigation facilities is completely dependent on man
power.
2. Wastage of resources due to tedious nature of job.

Proposed System
1. Fully automated system for irrigation.
2. Continuous monitoring of different fields and control of the same using SPI
communication & Wi-Fi.
3. Controlling can be done and can be viewed in PC/laptop and water level can also be
monitored.

Block Diagram

AGRICULTURAL FIELD
MODULE

POWER SUPPLY
Power
Adapter

Reverse
Protection

Voltage
Regulators

Power LED

Indication LED

Temperature

ARM / PIC
GPIO

UART

CLOCK

I2C

ADC

Humidity

Power
& Reset

GPIO

WiFi

MONITORING UNIT

Laptop

WiFi

SPI

Level
Sensor

RAM

Relay

UART

DAC / PWM

LDR

ROM

Relay
Drive

Load
Device

Software Tools

MPALB IDE / LPC Ware IDE

EAGLE
Orcad
Labview
Embedded C

Hardware Required

PIC18F45K22 / ARM LPC11U67

Sensor Temperature, Humidity, LDR ,Water Level
Wi fi module
Relay Drive
Relay