Bo GrAo DrJC vA DAo

tep cui

rAo * ser roAN Hoc vrET NAM

RA NGAY 1s IIANG THANG

DE THr
THI TUYEN
TUYEN SrNH DAI HQC QUOC CIA 1995

nd Trrr rrryfiru srNlH Lop to DAr rroc su prram uA nor

XSO
L2

A RAP

* rnd crlcrr ooArrr cAr-r

* DIEN SO VAO HINH VUONG
.^^2\t

Giam doc S& Cia" dwc - Ddo tclo Hd Npi NguyZn Kim Hodn
cing hgc sinh gi6i tntdng Hd N)i - Amsterdant

\t

TOAN HQC VA TUOI TRE

MATHE,MATICS AND YOUTH

MUC LI.JC
Trang
Tim hi|'u sAu him todn hoc phd thing
To help young friends gain better understanding
in school Maths
My Du1, Tho - Tim th6m nhttng h6 thfc v6r:to
trong tam gi6c

Tdng hi|n

Solutions of problents in preuious issue

Cdc bii cira sd 223

o Kdt qr,ri ki thi chon hoc sinh gi6i qu6c gia l6p I
D'A

in tltis

issue

T1 227,.... 7101227, L11227,

DA

ili

L21227

10

tuydn sinh 1995 Doi hoc Qu6c gia Hd

N6i.

Di tti tttydn sinlt ldp 10 Do,i hgc Su pltqnt

Bun

c'6

12
15

hidt

Do you know ?
Ngttydn Co.o Thang

Sd

A Rap

Bia 3

o Giii tri lttdn hoc.

Fun u'ith Mat hetnatics.
o OnE hinh cdi coch da3, ud ltQc toan.
Bia 4
Kaleidoscope .' reform of Maths teaching and learning
DOng Ky Pltong - MSt d6 to6n sai
Binh Phuorzg - GiAi d6p bdi
Trb choi dodn cdu.
Ngd Hdn - Didn s6 vdo hinh vu6ng.

Trtt sd ti.ta soan :

45B Hirng Chudi, Hh NQi
23r Nguy6n van Cir, TP H6 Chi Minh

DT:8213786
DT: 8356111

nOl o6ruo BIEN rAP

ru ki niil

Probl.ents

Phii td ng bidn fip

N(iO DA't'T'[,
I I()ANG (ll ItIN(r

Gidi bni ki trudc:

ftp

NGIIYiN ('ANII'IOAN

Nguy6n CAnh Todn. Hoang

Chring, NgO Dat Tt1, Le Kh6c

86o, Nguydn Hry

Doan,

Nguy6n ViOt Hei, Dinh Quang

Hdo, Nguyen XuAn Huy. Phan
Huy KhAi. Vu Thanh Khidt, LC
Hei Kh6i. Nguy6n Van Mau,
Hodng L6 Minh, Nguy6n Kh6c

Minh, Trdn Vdn Nhung,

Nguyn Dang Phdt, Phan
Thanh Quang, Ta H6ng
QuAng, Dang Hirng Th6ng. Vu

Drrong Thuy, Trdn Thnnh

Trai, LO 86 Kh6nh Trinh, Ng6
Viet Trung. Dang Quan Vi6n.

BiAn

fip

uit.

tri

Trinh

VU KIM THUY
r TRONG THI0P

su ;

bdY

E]}
sr=fl

Trorg s6ch gi6o khoa vi trong mOt s6 dd ra tr6n b6o THTT da

cung cdp cho chring ta m6t s6 hQ thrlc v6cto trong tam giric sau d6y :
Cho AABC ggi G, H, O, I ldn ltrgt li trgng t6m, tr{c tAm, tAm
vbng trbn ngqg! tidp,,nQi lgp cgg AABC

.(1)GAtgB+GC50

Z-|f,,
\=-

tr:

O.

t==E

FZ- [-,
.<-_u

l--

l=hi

*,
:,

|=n
GP
:ffi

E<J
--F---d
H
]-j

.aJ

o<o
-g

c)

o-ra
I

rcEl

.a-)
F.

(()
{-J

(Gg

(n
ijr

"<o)
Fi

lr

F-(

L.--

r--E-t

q. Hai dudng thAngBF vd C:E

GiAi : KdA1 ll BFciltdrrbngth&ug CE A I

Ka AK ll CE * duqls t@"g BF tt K

Tacd

AM=AI+AK.

Theo'lal6t:

Tt

r-l

-=
<l:fl
t-_il
Er-l
l=:-

E=l{

AE
AF
= n, :n=
fr
c6t nhau d M. Chgng minb
+
.
AM=pMB+qMC

AIAE++:I)--+ Al:pMB
---= EB
NTB
_->
AK AF q+AK=oMC.
NTC FC

dd cd di6u phAi chrlng minh.

Khip +g + I

thi BF ll CEta kh6ngc<i didmM.

trqc tidp cria bii todn nhy.

C6c h6 thrlc r,6cto da bi6t la h6 quA

Thdt vAy !

<F=EI
lA
EI
uI-.
)t\lr
<tt'

cdc bdi torin tr6n dA drroc giAi m6i bii I kidu kh6c nhau.
Trtl6c hdt ta drJa ra mQt c6ch chrlng minh chung cho tdt ch cac
hG thrlc 1,2,3, 4
Bdi todn.' Cho tam si6c ABC. Tr6n c6c dudng th&ng AB vd AC

Vi

Chf

--L_

od
-s
-F-

(5)OH:OA*OB+OC

lay 2 didnr E, F' Dat

w
=.
ffi

bo
E
(c)

rG
ts
JF

(2) tgAHL+tsB HBltgP HC

=O= +
(3) sinA .,tA + sinB . /B {ginC .lC
Q* _..,
: 0
(4) s$zA . OA +
+
.
OC
sin2C
*t2I]_i"OB

-E=
t=-

I{.hi

M=

G ld trong tdm AABC

thi

-8,

F ld,2 trung didm

n:o=ln6n +
---t
---)
+
-+
-> : --'
AM = MB + MC + MA + MB +" MC
0.
- Khi M : 11 li trtlc tAm LABC thi CE, BF la 2 dudng cao
CE
.=:
AE EB tgB
EB CE tgA r
-:M
AF tgC
FE EA

Chf y : dring ce khi A c<i g<ic tir.

+ LEB -+ tp'C -VAv AM = -:-MB+:MC +

nL#

*t#

tgAMA+tgBMB +t{)MC = 0
- Khi M : / li tAm vbng trirn ndi tidp thi B,F vh CElb,Z phdn gi6c

trong. Do

dci

AE AE: *--:
CA b sinB
EB EB CR o sinA r
AF sinC
T'ie sinA
+ sinB '7

slnA

A
--->
*'-sinC
=MC +
srnA
++
+
=+ sinA MA + sinB MB * sinC MC = 0
- Khi M = O ld tdm vbng trbn ngoai tip

(Xem rip trang I 1)

Mai Xud.n Hidu,9A, D6ng f)a, Quy Nhon, Binh

Dinh. ?rDz Thanh Phrt,7A;Trdn Thi My An,
Pham Vtt Viil Hoitng,9A, Luong Vdn Chri'nh,
TX Tuy Hda, Phti YOn. Phgnt Minh Hitng,9T,
Nguy6n Du, Gd Vdp, Tp H6 Chi Minh. Luong
Thd Nhd,n,7CT, Chuy6n, Bac Li6u.
Bei T1/223. Gidi ph.uon.g trinhnghiqnt. nguyn
*4 _ y4 + z4 + 2xzz2 + SxZ + 4,zZ * 7 = 0.
Ldi giai : (Tra.n. Tdt bat,8A,, Chu Ven An,

Vidt lai phuong trinh drrdi dang :

!4 = x4 + z1 + ?,x222 + kz + 422 +
a rl - @2 + z2 + l)2 + )cz + Zz2

ey4 - k2+22+2)2-k2+3)

c6 s6 nao

Ttddcci:Y: +1
Viy nghiOm nguy6n (r, y, d cta phuong

2 sao cho trong

; ] *r(n=

1,2,...)kh6ng

chia hdt

1 . . . 1.*r =
Ldi giei. Taccj"nJ'p.

(1)
(2)

Nhungta crir2 +?22 > 0 ver2 +3 > OVx, z Z.

Tt (i) vn (2) ta cd : kz + z2+ 1)2 < y4 <
1xz +22 +2)2.
Tn dd suy ra (x2 + z2 + l|z : y4
Kdt hqp vdi (1) ta cd x2 *22;2 = 0 hayr : z : 0

trinh Id :

nhibn r khdng ddi uoi2 < r <p

tQp hnpcd.cs6dorlg 1.1

FIe NOi)

<

TO NCiIJYF,N

Bni T21223. Ch.ilng ntinh riing ndu cho

truoc sd nguyAn 6 p udi p > 5 thi c6 nt1t sd tt1

n
,0'+9r-1
lcrr-1 + r : ___g-Thdnh thrt chi cdn chrlng minh

10n+9r-1/pVn.

<

Ta h5y chtlng minh rang t6n tai r vdi 2 < r <

p -Zsaochogr- 1 i pthay9r= 1 (modp).

ThAt vAyx6tp sd { 9n} | =,. D6 thdy rang khi

chia chop chung cho nhtng sd dtt kh6c nhau vi
(9,p) : 1. ThAnh thrl3r (1 < r ( p) sao cho

9r = 1 (modp). Roring r * l,p - 1 Vay

< r < p - 2.Vdi s6 r dd 10n*9r - 1 kh6ng
2
giai
gti
dring.
den
d6u
:
C6c
ldi
Nhin x6t
chia
h6t chop vi lon / p.
Cric b?n sau ddy cci ldi gi6i tdt: Hoitng Phuong
gA
x6t. Hai ban cho ldi giei dung ld : Ld
Nhfn
THCS Cdc Ldu, Ldo Cai ;Vu Tudn
Ddng,
Hung Ditng, Vinh, NghO An vd
Td.m.9A
Ttti
Thrii.
Nguydn
Bic
NK
Th6i
Nguy6n,
Anh,9CT,
Thi Hoan, Sa; Phqnt Hdi Trung,9CT, NK Ti0n Dodn Phuong 8T Trdn Dang Ninh, Nam Hi.
San, Nguydn ViQt Dung,9, NK Lang Giang ;
r)ANG I IarN(i 'rI L\N(i
KiAn,
Ph.gnr Trung Dung, Duong Quang
RdiT3l223. Chtng minh bd't ddng thuc :
Philng Dic Dflng,9T, NK B5c Giang, Hn B6c.
I
1 I
-1,71 <1*2,.*Bl *. *-.<1,72
Trd.rr. Trung Dung, 9A, chuy6n Phong ChAu,
Van
chuyOn
Vinh Phri. Nguydn Van Hin,9,
Ldi giai. Trtrdc hdt vdi n = 4 thi bidu thrlc
To6n, Thrrdng Tin, Hn TAy. Trdn Ky An, Ngd
bang
41 :24,b6 hon 1,71, n6n ddu bdt d&ng
dci
Anh Qudn,84 Bd Van Dan ; Nguydn La Vdn,
thrl
nhdt chi c<i the xdy ra khi n > 5. Vdi
thric
Tt
9A, Trung Nhi ; Phqm Thd Himg, 7CT,
' :
5
thi
bidu thrlc dri bang2O2 : 120, Idn hon
n
Li6m, Hi NQi. Bri Thanh Giang,9An Trong
Vdy
cdn nu th6m giA thidt z > 5, vd bdt
1,71.
didm U6ng Bi, QuAng Ninh. Coo Xud.n Hi;a,
nhdt d6 dtigc chrlng minh. Bdy
ding
thric
9A,, Hdng Bdng, Hai Phbng. Phan Tidu gid [a chrlngthfminh
bdt ding thrlc cbn lai. Hidn
Hiong,gT, NK Kidn Xrrong ; Trdn Cuitng, ST,
:
ta
cri
nhi6n
Phqnr Huy Quang, Ddng Htrng ; DQng Nggc
1 6 7 +" * n-l
1 1 *"'*nl'7'.*81
Tud.n,8T, Chuy6n Thi x6, Thdi Binh. Dodn
ol =
7+sl
Phuong, S"l : Mai Ngec Kha, Nguydn Hbng
7t81
Dung,9T, Trdn Dang Ninh, Natn Dinh, Nam
}Jd. Hodng Thd Hilng ; Mai Hbng Chuong, ST,
7+8t-81*"*
NKthixS, Ninh Binh. Cao Xudn Sinh,9T, Nga
n111111
LiOn, Nga Son ;Ngzydn Thanh Hd.i, Nguydn
nt nt- 61 7t ' 7l 8! 8l
Chu Chinh,ST, Qu6n Hdnh, Nghi LOc ; La Thi
11111
Tdnr, 9A, Hrrng Dflng, Vinh, Ngh6 An. V.t Si
-61

r0;1;0),(0t-l:0t.

'(n-1)

I.............................-...

Nant ,9C"t, NK Drlc Thg, Hd Tlnh. Philng Ngqc

Chuong, 9C, V6 Ninh, QuAng Ninh, QuAng
Binh. Truong Thitnh Cong, 9TL, Chuy6n
QuAng Tri. Trdn Nhu Quang, 9r, Nguy6n Tri

Phuong, Hud, Thia Thi6n - Hud. Thanh Dung,

9T, LC H6ng Phong, QuAng Nam - Dn Nang.
Nguydn NhOt Anh, 8T, Chuyon Nguyen
Nghi6rn, Drlc Phd ; Mai Hdn Giang, 8T ; Vo
Ch; Thilnh, gT, Chuy6n Lo Khi6t, QuAngNgai.
2

Vay 1+

-_

nt-6! n!
11 *... * <
-

--

zr.+ zt

+a *T*e +a
< 1+z111111
202 2 204
:r^*a=L2o<l'72'

*61 =

Ve bei to:in dd drroc chrlng minh.

Nh4n x6t. Crj 55 bai giei, tdt cA d6u cd bd

xung di6u ki6n z > 5 vi ddu gini dring. Ldi gi6i
tdt gdrn co '.I'rd.n Thanh Phti (74 Luong Van
Chrinh, Tx Tuy Hda - Phu Y6n), Nguydn Lan.
Anh (9A Trung Nhi - Ha hlQi), Nguydn Van
Quang (9 CT PTTH Lam Son - Tx Thanh

Hcia), Coo Xu.d.n Sinh (9 Todn. Nga Li6n, Nga

Son - Thanh H6a), V{r Anh Tudn (9 Torin,

THCS Nang Khi6u Thai Nguyen - B6c Thdi),

Nguydn Anh Tiri (9A PTTII Tu Nghia I QuAng Ngai), Trdn Tki My An (9A Lrrong Van
Ch6nh, Tx Tuy Hba - Phri YOn), Pham Cao Hu6
Linh (.9AP"l Chuy6n Ngtt, DHSPNN -HaNOi),
Dang Thd Hitng \8 Todn NK - Tx Ninh Binh),
Nguydru Van Trung (8 Torin THCS Tran Dang
Ninh - Nanr Dinh), NguS'1ru \ri& Hoitng ()A
THCS Bic Hn - He Tinh).
DANti VII:.N

B,iiT41223. Cl,.o tanr giac ABC'nltpn. Ggi I,

O th.eo thtt tu lit tdnt cac duitn.g trdru nili tidp,
ngoa.i tidp tant giac ABC. Tia CI cat dudng tri>n
(O ) tai didm thu lni K soa cho IK = OK. Ho. cdc
duitng eao AD, BE ud gqi F ld trttng didnt cfia
AB. Chttng nrinh tant. gidc DEF dbu.
Ldi giii. Do CK id
phAn gi6c gcicACB n6n

4(nr chinli gitta

cung AKB,suyrarK4 =
KB.Do l ld tdm dudng
lA

trdn n6i lidp-tam-gi6e

ABC vd KCB = KAB
(ndi tjrlpr cung ch6n
kDt, n6n-trf Jaql
".,rrg
gtrac r4-C, jg-cp : AIK
: JAQ+ ICA: l-AB
+ KqB_= IAB + KAB
= ,IA-t(. Suy ra tam
gldcKAI c6ndinh K,hayAK: IK = OK,vdta
cci tanr gir4c d6u OA7( (vi OA = OK = AK), vA

iok = 60,,. vay frE = f,raG =

sd7F. : fik = 60'). Mat kh6c, do ,t'li

trung di'm c0a A-B ndn tt cdc tam gi6c vudng
ADB, AEB ta cd : FD - FA = FB : FE,sugra
c6c tam g-tg.+ID B--EAA cAn dinh F vd, : D-frQ=
: 180" - DF)I--DFA - L&0('- 980:- ZABC) - (180" - 2 BAC) : 2( ABC +- BAC) - 180'r *
: 2(1800 - 600) - 1800 = 60". Hon nita, FD : l-8,
n6n tam g16c DEF d6u, dpcm.
Nhfn x6t. C:ic b4n sau diy cci ldi giAi t6t :
Hod,ng Aruh Thu (9A THCS D6ng Da, Quy
Nhon - Binh Dinh), Pham. Thu Huong (94
THCS H6ng Bang - Hei Phbng), Phqnr Minh
Hilng (9 Todn Nguy6n Du, Gb Vdp - Tp Hd Chi
Minh), Pha,m Hd,i Trung (9 Chuy6n To6n,
Nang Khidu Ti6n Son - Hd B6c), Nguydn Minh
Hod.i (8AChu Van An - Hd Noi), Ng uydn Phudc
Hoan (9A THCS Ddng Da - Tp Qui Nhon),
Hodng Thd Hirng (8 To6n Neng Khi6u Th! xa

Ninh Binh), Phant Cao Hu4 Linh (94 PT

Chuy6n Ngu DHSPNN Ha NQi). Ngo Kian

Cuitng (9T Lc. Khidt - QuAng Ng6i), Nguydn

VanQuang (9T PTTH Lam Son - Thanh Hda),
Nguydn Hoirng Chuong (8 Torin THCS Nang
Khidu Thrii Nguy6n - Bic Th6i).
DANG VII",N

B,niT5l223: Cho dudng tritn (O), ddy

BC"

duong trbn. Gqi M la

trung d,idnt cilo. AC, H lit clrd,n dudng uuOttg gdc
ha ti M xu,6ng duitng thd,ng AB. Tint quy tictz

Didnt A chuydn
d.idnt

dQrug bAn

H.

Loi#ai(tomt5t).
DoOM !AC,Ovd
C c6 dinh n6n quj
tich crja M ld drrdng
trbn, dudng kinh

OC. Goi 1li tdm cita

drrdng trbn ndy, D ld

giao didrn kh6c C

cira drrdng trbn (I)
vdiBC, DKla dudng
kinh cria drrilng trbn

(/).!l{D c6;lia! r'd D cd dinh n6n K cd dinh'

: DMH : 1v (Ban doc t{ CM) ndr'

Y\ DMK

H, M, K thing hang.
Do,B va K c6 dinh, BHK
-\ = lv n6n qui tich
ctia l{ lh duong trdn cci drtdng kintr lb' BK.
Nh?n xdt. Cac ban giAi t6t bdi nAy.
Phqm. Minh Hilng, 9T Nguy6n Du, Gir VdP,
TPHCM, IIit Minh. Ngoc, 9/15 Trdn Hrtng Dao,
Bi6n }iba, Ddng Nai, Mai Xttdn Hidu,9AD6ng
Da, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh, Va Chi Thitn.h' Ng6
KiAn Cudng, Nguvdn Trung Kiet,9T, L0 Khidt,
QuingNgai, Thdnh Dung,9T LA H6ng Phong,
Qu6ng Nam - Dh Ning, Nguydn NhQt Quang,

9A NK H6ng LInh. Hd Tinh, Plnnt Trung

Tltdnh, 9T NK Vinh. Nguydn Thd.i Bd.o 81^,
Di6ir XuAn, Di6n ChAu, Ngh6 An, Hoit'ng Mtnh
Dung, gA THCS Xi mang Bim Son, L Duc

Ninh, gF Lam San,IIbng Phuang DOng,9C, Le

Thd.o {iD THCS Nang khidu Thanh Hcia,
Nguydn ThdVinh,8T NK Y Yen, NguydnVan
Trung, Hd. Thanh Tud.n, Triin Minh Toitn,
Trd,n Dinh Hilrtg, Doitn Phuang, 8"f, Triin
Ngoc Anh, Nguydn Hbng Dung, Mai Ngqc Kha,
9T Trdn DangNinh, Nam Dinh, Vir Drlc Luong,
9 Hcia Chuy6n Xudn Thriy, Natn }Id, Vu Ngoc
Hdi, 8T Chuy6n Thi xd Th:ii Binh, Trd'n Thi
Vidt. Anh, 8A,, Ddo Trd.n Minh, 9A,, I{6nEl
Bdng, Hii Ph6ng, Nguydn Dinh Son,9A, Kim
Anh, Kim M6n, H&i Hrlng, Nguydn Van Hidu,
9T Chuy6n D6ng Anh, Nguydn Anh Ti,9T,Tit
Li6m, Nguydn Hod.ng D{tng, 7C, He NQi Amsterdam, Nguydn Minh Hoiti,8A, Chu Van
An, Nguydn Dftc Thang, 9A Cet Linh, Nguydn
Lan Anh, Nguydn LaVd.n,9A Trung Nhi, ?riin.
ThanhVinh, SA, Nguydn Hod.ng Minh,9A Bd

t.
I
I

>

Tri, Vinh Phi, Nguydn Nhu'Chudn, 8NK

ThuAn Thanh, Nguydn Hdi Ydn, Pham Trung

Dung,9T Nang khidu, Bdc Giang, Pham, Hd.i
Trung,9T Ti6n Son, Hd B5c.VTI

*33w>

Van Dan, Ha N6i, Nguydn Ngqc Thanh, Th.anh

Son, Nguydn Xud,n Trttng 9A,, Gia Cdm, Vi6t

KIM TFIUY

Bdi 6223. Cho bdn sd a, b, c, d uir sd t4 nhian

n thut ntd.n cdc dd,ng thtc sau
e, : an *6n *cn

b=bn*cn*d.n'
c: cln *on*cn
d: tln *on*cn
Ching to rang a = c ud. b = d.
Ldi giei : Tt giA thiSt suy ra
(1)
a'c:bn-dn
b-d.:cn-on
Q)
GiA stt a > c. Tt (1) suy ra bn > dn. Ndu n
chin thi e,, b, c, d > O do dcj b > d, suy ra
en>-An+C)-A.Vh,yA=C
Ndun 16 fi (1) suyra b > dncn >

Ydya:c.

an

nc

c. Tr) dci

Tuong td ndu c < o ciing suy ra o

b:d.

> a.

NhQn x6t : Bdi todn niy thu6c loai d6. Tba

soan nhdn duoc nhi6u ldi giAi dirng trong dri cd
cdc ban : Trdrr Nant Dun g 10CT NShQ An, Cao

Qu6c Hidp l0A DHTH Ha N6i, Trdn Nhu

Quang gr 'fhrJa Thi6n - FIud, Nguydn IIuy Binh
10'\ CT Chuy6n Lang Son, Nguydn Tudn
Dtang 10 Phan BOi Chdu, NghQ An, L Minh
Trudng 11A, Qudc hoc Hud, Triin l{itu Luc
1OCT Dno Diry Tr), Quang Binh, ,\gayin Hodt
Dftc IOA Hdng Quang, Hii Hung, Vit Linh
Huybn Trang 9 Nang khidu Thi xd Ninh Binh,
Triin Qudc Cuing 9 Todn, Trdn DangNinh, D6
Nggc Anh, L6 Hdng Phong, Nam Dinh, Pham.
Ngsc Td.n,1lCT Phf Y6n._
I)ANC IITJNG 1'}IAN(i

B.diT7l223: Cho cqc sd thuc x, y, z > 0.

Chtng nrinh bdt dang thic.:
l*xyz(x+y"+z) <B@
Ldi gini @tta Vu Drtc Luong, ldp 9 Trudng
Chuy6n XuAn Th&y

- Nam Hi)

: Ta c<j :
*
+
y
*yz(x + y + z) *
z)xy
* xzz + zxt (l) V *, y, z > 0 n6n rip dung bdt
d6ng thrlc Cdsi cho 8 sd duong : 3 s5, mdi sd
(x + y)(y + z)(z

bing

* x)

dxy(x+y+z) ; 3 s5, m6i s6 bing

I
gtz(x * y

+ z) ; xz2 vd zx2,

(x+y;1t+z)(z+x) > 8 :f

til

(1) cd

@y")\. +y

\lwf

\/Bo=

-8

*y.t

Ddu ',=,, xAy ra

z) (Dpcm)

4rrO

* y * z) =

='dy, {x +y + z) = xz2 - 2v2 *x = ! = z.

NhQn x6t : 1. Tda soan nhAn duoc ldi giei
cira 100 ban g:rli t6i. Trong s6 drj c<j 6 ban cho
ldi giai sai, vi de m6c phii nhirngsai ldrn v6 kiSn
thrlc co bdn, ching h4n nhu :
o Tr)A > C vd.B > C + A )B ( ? !)
o TrlA > B virC > D + A.C > B.D (? t).
Thrim chi cci ban cbn kh&ng dinh d6 bei de

ralAsai!?

2. Da s6 c6c ban cci ldi gi6i dfng dd giei bai

torin bing phtrong phrip lttong giric hria.
NGUY.N KIIA(] MINII

Bairs/22j. chox,y,z=

.chinsninh:
;]
[#,

sinx-sinv sinv-stnz
slnx
I stnz.
.1r
,

sLnz-stnr.,

stny

Ldi gidi (cria cta s6 cdc b+n). DAt sinr : o,

siny : b, sinz = c thi a, b, c .
,] . Sir dung
[*,
ding thfc

a-b
b-c c-a
+-.--.
cab -+

(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)

ta vidt ( 1) dudi dang

(o -b)(6 -c)(c -a) I I

|
-

1r

(2t

l= \' - nT)t

ab.
I
t
_:U:_=v
Coir<o<6<c<1viddt ab
CC
.1
thi ,<

t,

L,

<u<

1 vd (2) cci

-lr]-g!l2
uu

Ta cri

dang:

(i-w)'

(3)

(u-u)(l-u1(l-u\
=<

1.

1.

P-z)(1 -z) (r-ut

UU

(x

t6ryz(x

,u

11

=7*r-u-Zu<
I
[-1
<1+r-2\u.zu
Viy

(3) dtroc chring minh. Ddu

11-finnf,

1,

(t-17)"
ding thrlc xAy

rakhiu: 2,u:M hayr: E,y = i,r:

Nh{n x6t.

1) Cdn nhi6u crich gi6i kh:ic (sr}

dung dao hAm, ddng nhdt thrlc. bidn ddi lrrong

gi5c, dtng bdt d6.ng thrlc Tr6btrsev, ...) d6u c<i

thd vAn dung dd chrlng minh bdt ding thrie (1).
2) Cd.c ban sau dAy cri ldi giei tdt.
TPHCM : LA Quang Nd.nt, "phgnt. Hilu
DuyAn, Pham Trung KiAn, Ddo Duy Chung,
Thd.i Minh llodng, Nguydn Quang Nguyn
Hda Binh : tr,A Van Manh
QuAng Binh : Triin H{tu Luc

HAi Htrng : Pham Anh Dic

Hii Phdng : Hodng L Quang, DQng Anh
Tud,n, NgO Dtlc Duy, Pham. Dinh Trudig Phn
YEn: Triin Minh DOng, Pham Nggc Tdn
Ha NOi : LA Anh ?ri (DOng Anh), N guy1ru Vu
Hung, Nguydn Si Phong, Cao Qu6c AiQp, t e
Tudn Anh

Thta Thi6n-Hu6' : Cao Thd Anh,

Dic Hanh

Thanh H6a LA Hoiti Nanr, Nguydn Ngqc

Hung, D6 Quarug Th6, Pho.rn Anh Tudn,

thd thi

giao tuydn SMi

hay lA

ArA/{As

ft

7, 2,

Tn dd suy ra

xi

|
i:t

tgza,

nhdn mdt gid tri kh6ng ddi.

Tdng qudt h6a bdi tod.n bAn.
$tj qai..rl gia! bai todn tdng qu6r v6i chdp
n - giric ddu bdt ki S,4r42 . . . Auvd sir dunggdc
cci.hrr6ng girra hai drrdng thing trong mat
ry}Alg Gei A- ln giao !,lyan ita (p )ia matlhing
ddy hinh chdp, thdthi :

%t

(: a) (mod n)

%t
: xt + (i-1)-:

rl * (i-l)a
{i = I,2, ..., n)

GSi H, Ii trung didm canh A,A,+1, thi

H; = OH; r (AAi+) vi OHi: r (b6n kinh
dttdng trbn ndi tidp da g76c day).

Tt
(h

dd ta chioc :

OM,:fr,

(*)'( I"*r,)

Bii torin quy v6 chdng minh )sin2r,

i:l
khong ddi
l-w2x, 1 1
:i - i**,,,tadugc:
Ttr,aysin Zxi :

-Z

ll

)sin2r; =;- j1)""rui\ :+

n

:.,

,:l

r=l

,o

(udix1:rr*Q-l)-)

7,,,1

Hi*t

:
ZsinL.M
n

..(1,,
*"

sin(2r,

= Icos

0,

@ =+)

)2"i"f,.o"(?.xr+ia) :

i=o

.LT14 n
* -l

!.orZ*, =

i=i

r.

ta chrlngminh 2sinf . M =
ThAt vf,y :
rt_l

r ->

hi

r=l

Dd chfng minh
\,,.,
^i*H / 4_
Ai nl
(*i

tvoi =

3,h.2. ' :
=z
\;1 "o"',

ra : )tgzo,
t=
I

"a

SO)

Suy

3,4,5). Chung minh rdng dai luqng :

(ld gcic ngoii

xi+t - xi

7, 2, 3, 4, 5). Ggi arld. g6c tao

boi SM iuoi nqt phdng day

) :}

*?(mod
z)
n

xi+l = ,,

SAy'-s ud SA rA, ttin tuat theo cqr

(i

A;*,) vA ndu dat :

ri = (A, AAio) (modn)thitaccih6thfc(x6t
tam giric Ai*tMiMio),

NGUYE,N VAN MAU

SA/t, SA/0,

({E*,, {}e,

. . Anc6 hrrdng drrong,

cria da gi:ic d6y, d dinh

Nguydn Khdnh Tirng.

Bei Tgi223. Mat plfing (P) quay xung quanh

duimg co.o SO cia m,Qt hinh ch6p ngA gidc dbu
SA4/445, cdl cdc met phdng- SAtAz,

AtAz

GiA str da gi6c

Dod,n

Xu,dn Vinh,
Nam lD ; PhqnVan Quft, Phnn Ttudn Giong
_ NghQ,An : LVan An, Nguydn Hbng Chung,
2yo"g Van Yen, Nguydn Vidt Dung, Nguydn
Thinh, Triin Nant Dfing, Nguydn Tha{ Edo,

Dang

Mi= L n (AAi+) (v6i i = l, 2, ...,n ; quy

rtdcAr,+1:41)

(*, T)sin7

nd,

sin

(*

-;)

b,fts''ni = Z\n)r khong rldi

Kdt quA

Nhfln x6t : 1) Tdt ca c6c ban tham gia giai

bai to6n ndy d6u cho ket quA dung ; tuy nhi6n

biet sit dung gric cci huong gitta hai

duong thing trong urat phang tv6i chti y rang
tI6 lon cria gcic ndy sai kh6c nl6t b6i ctia;r)'
2) Chung ta cung da gap bii toan tinh tdng
czic ban chua

9t

*
trong s6 221 t thdng
)cosz (, U=rt)
11/i995r cira t4p chiT.H. vd T.T. (trang l-2t'

tuc,ng trr

'

N(it IYiIN I),.\N(i I'I I'\'I

BAi T10/223 Cho tt? diAn truc tdnt ABCD co

truc tdnt l.it H.

(-'o,c ctuitng cao AA,,. B8,,, CC,, ud DD,, keo
cldi cat ma.t cdlt ngoai tidp tu cliAn d cac didnt
ttang ing A', B', C' ud D'. Chrittg ntinlt ritng
nirt-A,y''-= B,,B'.- C,,C)' : D,,D' thi ABCD lit
nt1t tri di1n dbu.
Ldi gidi I

{dda

theo

Ngu.yitt Ngoc

IIrntg.
Lanr

H.r \
1A

-11
FrtiiNtt Hai riu"g. Dtrottg van Yin, 111'

B6i ChAu. Nghd An.

Phan
- -Zifrc" day lA t5i $ai dtra vao t,e tnqt lug"g
trong drrong iron. Sau day la hai loigiAi khzic'

Li,htqi 2"ryln grdc;Etidp A9{B 'ta dtroc :

'e'i= ABf' v ir A' AB):-A'BB-cgng t fc
-8,,8-A
vit IIAB' = IIBA'' Y4Y
a : 1.,f e =
AA

ndu A,,A' : B,,B'thi suY ta: A,y''B :

B,,B'A

{gcgl vA do dci: BA' = A3'. TiI do ta drloc :

,AA
HAB' : HBA' , vi do dci '. HA : HB' Chririg
ininh trrong tU : HA = HB = HC : HD, nghil

ld 11trirng v6i tAm O mat cdu ABCD, vi do dci

ABCD Ii m6t tt-I di6n d6u.
Liti girii 3. Sir dung kdt quA cua bai to:iu
T9/145"n0u l6n mdt tinh chdt cira tri dien trdc
tAm : Ndu H lA trtic tAm cia ttl di6n tnlc tAIn

thi ta cri

ef{ :1

tto

---+--- --

t1t't'n

ttl di6n trttc

ABCDT
dci suy ra dudc ABCD ld mdt

ttl di6n d6u

da
b4n
hai
cci
ti6c,
3) Rdt dring
fBQ nhan
rnngA,,H : A,'A', B,,H = B,,B' I do nt6c sai ldm
rrrat cao ABK c6t mAt cdu Aqq? theo dudng
tron ngoai tiSP tam giric ABK ! I I

(ABII) LCD=K
goi Ii chAn mat

Nt;t;Yl,tt I),'\N(i lll L\

cao tr6n canh

C:D. Mat phAng chfa mflt cao ABK c6t mat cdu
ngoai ti6p ttl di6n ABCD theo dudng trdn ngoai
tiep trl g:rac ABA'B ' (xern h.v6), do dci ta cci :
(1)
HA. HA' : HB. HB' ;
l,,ai v\ ABA,,B,, crirtg la mQt ttt gitic nOi tidp,
nC,n ta co
(2t
HA. HA,,- IIB. HB,,;
(1)
tzt,La
dddc
vA
ve
Tril ve doi
:

HA . A,A'

(TAm r.nat cdu n6i tiep

+:5

itr

t,rong lllat, uro

rAIII{t di qua
canh AB ctia

HB

A,A, = 8,,8,

'

B,,B'

AHA:

(3)

HB

=HC=HD (tArn

al{ -

mAt cdu ABCD)

O
Til dd suy ra '. A,,la tAm drrdng trdn ngoai
ABCDr
tiep'Nhtt
vAv. A. vila la trtrc titn, vr)a Ia tAm
trbn ngo'ai tiep tam gSdc BCD, n6n BCD

l'

Biili Lll223. Cho n cti1n trd 8,,fi: '''R,,

ntac song song. Tin.h :

1t Di6n bi tuong r!tong theo R t' Bia't

In - t1R',,-, nR,
R-t 2Rz 3fi;

RtzRa= 3Rr qnr: - "ry,

zi Sa aian tro chn ntoc sortg song cld dtoc
d.iin trd tttotlg cltong nhd tlrua din tra tlui rt'

ld 3 lon.

B,

Chting minh tttong ttr, ta di den-ket lt!6n :

A,A' = B,,B' : c,tC' = D,,D'*HA = HB =

Hcia ; Ngrr.r'inViet Dftng, 10T, Phan BQi

Torln
Ai'; Phttnt Anh Dt?c,

Cnar, Nghe

IIai drrong
cao AA,, uit.
BB,,' naur

clrrong

ii,.n't

HA' IIB, HC" HD'

HA,,= HB,,: IIC\,= TIq,= 3
Vi vay : A,,A' : B,,B' : C,,C'= D,,l)'
HA,,: HB,,= lt(|,, = HD,,

'i r \
/ , "r5o,
I ,,\

'lhanh llciat

Suy ra

pi,o"n , Flinri Ant, Trrtin.ldp 10T Lanr Son'

ARC:D

11T.
Son,

tt't din

ld rndt tanr giric ddu. Chfng nlinh tttng tu' t'dt

cA c6c mat cria trl di6nABCD li nhungt'aru giiic
d6u, do da LACO li mot td di6n d6u . ,. .
Nh4n x6t : 1) Cdc ban sau dAy cd lili giai
teit. cuns nsan gQn nhu ldi giAi n6u trdn DQng
An'h rt,1n,-lap*i0'r PTTHNK Trdn Phri, I{ai

Hu6ng dAn giei

A, d6 dAng rut
ffi =
ra (dp duns trnh chat ctia ti l thric) ft : 1' Ap dtrng

cong

1r

D4t

thttclinh di6n tro ttlc,ng dttong suy ra

2R,

R,a=;*a1,

ll)

D Giasit R,u nh6 thua r,, Id k ldn, tim drloc

R,
R,, = #(2) vi tr) (1) vd 92) rrit ran = 2h - 1'
Yai k =3 suv ra n : 5 :cfin trric songsongc:it'
di6n trd R,.k,. Il} F{. Rs.

lr

b
t

NhAn xdt Cac enr cd ldi giai t6t : Br)i Monlt

Qu6c hoi: Quy Nhon ; Ditth Pltuong
Loott.9A., chuy6n Vi6t Tri, Vinh Phri ; Hoitrtg
Truttg Hiefu, 9L. PTNK I{Ai Hrrng ; Trdn Ttti
'fir. 704, PTNK NgO Si Li0r1 Hd Bat: : Nguyirt
Vort Trong.9L, Nang khieu Y Yon Nanr Ha ; Vo

llilng.9A

Tai trang thdi il : r

r: T - r, :

11.22

('lti Tlitnlt,9T,

chuvOn LO Kli6t, Qudng Ngai ;

Vh Sr Nonr. 9A t.ruitng Nang Khietr, Ilfc Tho

IIa Tinh ;'l'ran trigot Anh. {}'l', Trin [)ang

Ninh. Nanr Dinh. Nanr I1a , l:Ioing Tilng 9(,T,
r::1r !J NK Vinh Yen. Vinh l,hu ; I* I-,<:utg'l'rung,
9T. PTCS chuy6n Phu Tho. \5nh Phf ; L0 .httt
Tuort.9T. NKThanh I-Ia HA Tinh;11lloitrtg Attlt
9T NK D6ng Son, Thanh Hoa lToo,ng Plutong
Dong 9A I't"IClS C6c lF.u. l,do Cai : Ngutdn Dring
Khoo.9I., NK Kim Son, Ninh Binh.
ry

M.\I .\NII

Biti

L2t223. M6t

rO

v3

nrcl hhi li
ttlottg th ttc
It i irt
<'lttr
tt'itt lt 1-2*3- l

'--4A t)
O

tt.htt llinlt L'i:.

btil T,: |!f)11.

'l't = 675K'
V'r = Sltt('oc cli('nt l

t:it ll <'itttg

ci

n7'

T3

'l

lr|nparobol quo g6t.too do. Tinn cAng sinlt ro

trong cd. r'htt trinh.
lluong d6n gini. QuA trinh birln ddi 3*1 ia
quri trinh nin khi T = uV) ( 1 ) \,oi rr lA hang s6.
DE

TIII TT]YEN SINH

1

ii

1t

tltttt

..

rtttt,q

l6

. .2t.Dien tich,tanr glacMNP nh6 nhat khi vA

chi khi cdc canh ctfnd cri d6 dni nh6 nhdt. D6
thAy di6u dci iay ra khi MP ll'AB. Luc
,og ta
trtrng dienr cia doan CD. cdnfr va "av
P lA cac
clierrr th6a lrrAn ('M = l)l) = 'l'l
3) DA thav

* D n6n
t

I-,

tr)" he

hfc

AP: :
:ZDI'- . BM
t:t strv r:l

(,NT
CIV

p
t-

,,'
,,/

<"+

Bl'[ = 0 c=
,;
M = M,,: fl
. Ldc nAy gid
/,:
sLI N=N
v)

: I',,
"ho ".4
tan) "o.'i grdt'
BN,, P,, ddu vi
ccj ornh ling 6. Trrong

DP2: pNl - t)ld) > I,,,Ni,-DN;+ l)P > I)P,, nghia la P nirm gitta A vi

D.p)
P,,.

(lhung nrinh trlong trr, La (.ci M nanr giua B vA

M t. Nhrtng khi da;. I rong hinh c}tr nhar
.AP,,M I fl, hidn nhi6n la PIt[ < BP,, = b, trdi vdi
ctA lhi6i b:in dAu. VAv tanr clac MNP t'cj dien t ich
I6n nhat khi P t rungvOi A h6ac khiM tr.ung v<li B.
Cru 10. Chia hlnh vuong thinh 10 d6i hinh
chtt nhAt.cri cung r:hi6rr r6iig bang l/10 bdi I
dttong thang song song v6i ru6t canh cta hinh

AP

IlN,, P,, v a AM, N,. n$ria ii r:anh c.u.r nri l6n hon 6.
Khi dd ta cci : MN > b = BN,,vd CM < CB
=+ CW] = MNJ _ CM: , BN:, _ CB2 = CN; +
CN > CW, nghia lA.&-,, nim gitta N vA C, su.y ra
DN <DN.,, tr) tftj

l'trirng.
\1lin lllr :
jtvTi {go ' r/ t ttu-, = *

tr-r : 1JN

fi,!1[

eSp = Q

<+P = P, = A. Cric vi-tri tudng f ng crla M, N.

P lric nAy ld M t , N, vaP, : A. Do tinh ddi xrlng
tanr giricAM, N, cung ccj canh bang b. Hon ntra
ttl giac M,,M rB In hinh chrr nhAt.
l3ey gid gid stl r 6n tai nr6t taut gidc dFu MNP
t'ti dicn lich lrin hon dii,n tich cualai tarn giar.

xet

rang

' nghia la chidu rong

ctp rrr6i dAi hi hon duong krnh cria cdc duong

trbn dir cho Do do nr6i duons tron ddu bi cdt
bdi it nhat nr6t trons I dL/crnsihans ncii tr6n.
Neu nr6i duone thEne dv ctri cit kfions qud I I
duonstrbn rhi cdlhonfqla 9 x I 1 = gUduons
trbn 6i cat. cbn lai I d'ricing tron kh6ng bi c6t]
tr6i v6i nhdn x6t n6u tr6ir. Vdv phAi-cci m6t
duong t hinI c6,t it nhat l2 driong tron tdpcrrr'r
N(il I"'l:N I ItJY I)();\N

rfir euA ri rnl cHeN HQC sINH GIGI Qucic cIA

MON TOAI\ L6P 9 . NAM HQC Lees - L9e6

Ki thi chqn hgc sinh gi6i qudc gr4 nam hoc

199t--i99dMon toan l6p 9 ^cttroc"td chrlc vio
nsnv 16/3/1996. Thi sinh dU thi drroc chia thinh
Iiii 6a"s i bane A bAne B. Nam hoc ndy, du thi
6 bins A, cd 27 tinh thanh phd. v6i sd thi sinh
d,Jlit257 em. du thi d bAneB cti 26 tinh, v6i so
tlii sinh dtr thi ld,2O4 em. C-6c em drJqc ph6p lim

biri trons 180 phut, khOng kd thdi Sian giao d6'

Hoi ifons c]rdm thi chbn hoc sihh ei6i qudc
fla iip trufig hqc phd th6ng da td chilc chdm

fhi tthedv 291311996.

Can'cf vdo kdt quA chdm thi d ttng b6ng,
quvdt dinh nhrr sau :
H6i
' ddns chdm thi dd
Kdt ;ud : Bdne A : c6 110 siai, trons dci cci
2 eidi inat, zo giat nni, 37 gid,i 6o vd 51 giai

khuven khich.
Edns B : co 33 eidi. trons. dci cri I eidi nhdt,
2 gid.i rini, s gidi 6a vh.zz {.ai^khuydn khich.
Danh sach cac ent trinP Pmt :
Bd.ng A : Gidi nhdt (ti{fi ddn 20 di6'm) ccj

2em:
lt NEuv6nKhuvdn lam (nam) tinh Thanh H<fa.
2l Pldm Minh Thu (nu) tinh HAi Hrrng.
1E,5 didm) cci 20 em.
- Gidi nhi {tit 16 d6n
1t Lttu Hoins Drlc (Hn TAv)

2i Ncuv6n Minh Tudn (Ha Tavl

:li NEo"Nsuv6n Drins (HAi Ph6ns)
+i uH Nta"nti Hirne (Nam Hn)
5) Pham'Van Qui6n (Nam Hd)
6t LO Xunn Trtinir (Thanh Hria)
7) D5 QuaneY6f(Thanh Hria)
S) eiri Van Eintr (Thanh Hria)
9) L6 XuAn Ly (ThanLHda) __
0l Pham Neoc IVIai (Thanh Hcia)
1) Nzuvcn V'an Minh (Vlnh Phri)
2) LdAnh Tudn (Vinh Phri)
3r Nguv6n Qui'nh DiOp (Hii Hune)
+) NEu"vcn fluv Xtr,rcins (HAi Htrn]s)
5l NEuvCn Minh Nguy6-t (Hai Hrrn-g)
Ql tloqqg Minh S_o_n (_I!Ai Hung)
l7) Le The',Vinh (HAi Hung)
18) Dane Thi Hrrons Thdm-(Th6i Binh)
19r DinE Hdhe
Hdhs Toai (Thrii
lThrii Binh)
20) Phafi ViotTlirng (Hn Tinh).
- cidi bo (tri 13 d6; 15,5 didm) cd 37 em :
- Mai Thanh Binh, Nguy6n Quang Huy,
Pham Trdn Quan, Biri M;nh Huig, NguySn
Truns Tf (He NOi).
- Neuyan Hi Duy, Lo Th! Thu Huydn,
Nouv6nVan Thins (Hi Tav)
"-" Trinh ViCt A;lh, Phain Thu Huong, LO
Tban. Dane Anh Tu'dn (HAi Phbne)
Manh
'- DoAn
Dai Air, Pham Van Dring, Ilodng
Ngu-y5n Thi Thuan (Nam Hd).
Manh
'- LcQuang,
Huf 'Binfr, Ddu Khdc Crrdng, Nguy6n
Van Quang (Thanh Hcja)
- frO Utu Khoa (Thir'a Thi6n - HuO
- Pham Kluinh Son (QuAng Nam --Dd Nand,
- Trhn Nsqc Hi, Bni Minh M6n, Ngu!6n
XuAn Son tWnh Ptli)
Bic)
- Pham HAi Truns (Hd
- Trdn Ou6c Chinl (Hai Htrne)
- Nguyoir Trttdng Thanh, Vu-Thanh Tirng
(Thrii
Binh)
' Pham
Truns Ki6n, Nzuy6n Thanh Son,
Nzuv6n'Ven Thinh, Vii Linh Huy6n Trung
(Ninh Binh).
8

V6

Trdn Manh. Nsd Anh Tudn (NehQ Ant

Tnhg, NguY6n Phan Linh,

- Nzuv6n CAnh(Hn
TInh).
Trinh
Miirh Nsoc
--'i ciai
khuidn khich (tir 11 ddn 12,5 didmt
cci 51 em.

Trinh

Cao

LO Tudn. Dd Hdne Son, NguY6n

Hrru Nsuv6n. L6 Minh Tudn, frdn Ydn Ly,L!

Minh fudn tfhantr ph6 H6 Chi Minh).
- D6 HoAngDiQp'. Nguy6n Manh He, D6Vidt
ven (He Tav)

Xuin Hba DoAn Thri.i Son (HAi Phdngt.

Hd)
- Vrl Minh HAi (Nam (Thanh
- NsuvSn Htru Tudn(Thrla Hciat
Thi6n - HuO
- Tidi Nhu Ouane
- l Ki6m Ai. TrdnThai Anh Au, Nguv6n Thd

Nmc DoaniL
Duv (OuAnsNam - Oa NanO - Nzuv,5n
-(Vinh?hri)
Neb floanEl,ons, D6 Minf, Quan

--

TrdriThi tc (Bic Thrii)

- Nsuv6n H6nsHei. DaneDinh Hanh, Nguvdn
Thi'-ThEnh Hans.Trdn H6nE Quane tHn Bfut.
Nzuv6n Vdn Anh, Dao Thi Phtrong Lan,
Pham Ttri Phuonc ThAo (HAi Hrrns).
- Phain Cudnf, Vrl Tidn D4t,-Nguyon- Thi
Kh6nh HOa" Nzuvcn Manh Phri (Thfi Binhl.
- Nsuvoir S6'nHa, Dd TnrdngTho, Vu Hdng
vi6t
'- (Ninl Binh)
Ttuii Thi Chi Mai. Phan Th6Thane NdrC An)
Tlodng,
- Nsuvon Minh Ddc, Doin Khdnh
Vo Si }rl'aft, Mai Tirng S6n, Nguyon Danh Tinh
(HA Tinh).
Tri)
- Nzuv6n Drlc Linh (Qu6ng
- Nsuv6n Truns Ki6t (QuAns Nlgei)
- Ph;m Van S[ NA$n lv1iih Thrne Binh Dnht
Hba)
- Drions Nsdvdt Y t intr (Khdnh
- PhanHtril frong Hi6n (Binh Thuan)
- Doin Nsoc tiih Nghi6rn, NguY6n Van
Thanh Sang, Dao Duy Nam (D6ng Naii.

Brins E' :

tit 18 d6n 20 didm (crj 1 em).

Trdn Quans Vinh (tinh Minh HAi).
D Gidi nhi ttr-ls ddn 17.5 didm (cri 2 em).
1') Nsuv6n Thi Nsoc Anh (Tinh YOu Brii)
2) NEuvon Vie't LTrih (Tinh QuAne Binht
3) Gfdiba tn i2.5 ddn 14.5 didmlcci 8 emi
1) Nsuv6n Trtrdne Thai ff6n Bai).
Z) tl;u"von Thi Th"anh Huvdn (Hda Binh)
3) L6"6ui'nh IIoa (Hba Bihh)
4) Phain"Nsuyon Thach (QuAng Binh)
5) NEuv6n Tudn Anh (D5c L6c)
O) NEuvcn Hiru Huv (Ddc Ldc)
7i Lc"Nsoc Anh (Sons 86)
si noan-Hdns Anh (Tav Ninh).
4 Gidi hhuydn khich tfi 10 ddn 12 didm (cd
1) Gidi nhdt
1')

22 em).

Hodns Phuons D6ne (Ldo Cai), Ta XuAn

inffIT#'il

*ff [,81'dl*ffi1 ],' BE

Danh'Tuhni Dd Hodng'He, D6 Quang Drlong,
Vfi Thi VAn Anh. Nsuv6n Hdne Thinh (Hba
Binh). NEuv6n Vitlt Thinh (QuAils Binh).
- Truo"ni Nsuv6n Vrl tGia Lai). Mzuv6n Thdnh
Khim. Tru"onE Xusn Nehi6u, Trdi Thi Hoang
Ouv6n. Nzuv5frHi6u Th5o, Nzuv6n Thanh Ttng
rbdc r;Scl]Vo Dane Khoa (Lam-Ddns), Lo Ngoc
itliv. goans Nehfa(Minh
Quang Httng-(S6ng 86)
EIAi).
NcuV6n Thahh Son
"$au dny la dd thi.

f,,Y*,fr

\.iI

i,

BANG A

Bai

f . a.

BANG B

Tim tdt ch c5c sd c<i hai chu s6 o6

a.b
sao cho t ---;-r Ii

la-bl

Bei

sd nguy6n t6.

b. Vdi 100 s6 ttr nhi6n bdt ki, h6i cd thd chon

ra dtloc kh6ng 10 sd dd sao cho hi6u hai sd tiiy
y trong 10 sd niy chia hdt cho 11 ?

Bni 2. a. Cho

a, b ld cdc sd dttong th6a mdn

di6u kin a2 : b + 3992 vb. x, y, z ld nghiOn

dirong cria hO phrrong trinh :

lx+Yaz:a

sao cho

*'l-@

a.b

li

T-+
la-bl

sd nguyn t6.

Bni 2. a. Cho 9 sd duong e1,a2;o3,..., o,1 nh6

hon 1. Chdng minh rang trong 9 tich sd :
o, ( 1 -

ag(l

ar(l - a..), a r(l -

a -,),

*;r=.

Chrlng minh reng

klnhanf;.

ttxr

*..*rti,

Bei 3. Cho tam gi6c nhon ABC vd AD, BE,

c.6c phdn gi:ic trong ctia nci. Goi So vd S
ldn ltrot lA di6n tich cria sic tam gSdc DEF vir
CF ld

ABC.

didmM n6m trongtarn glacABC

(M khOng thu6c cdc canh cta tam giric ABC\,
ggi a',6', c'ldn ludt li d0 dai cria c5c khoAng
cdch tt M ddn c5c canh BC, AC vi ,4.B ; tim t6p
hop nhirngdidmMth6a man hO thrlc o' < b' < c'.
_&ai 4. a. Cho dudng trbn (C) ndm trong gcic
xoy (drrdng trdn (9I5h6ng cci didm chung vdi
c6c canh ctra g<ic xoy) . H.dy tim tr6n drrdng trbn
(C) mQt didm M sao cho tdng c6c khoAng c6ch
tt M ddn hai drrdng thing chrla c6c canh cria
g6c xoy ld nh6 nhdt.
b. Trong met phing toa dd xoy (o Id gdc toa
d0), ng[di ta vE mdt dudng trbn cci tdm ld didm
C(3;4), brin kinh bing 2 don vi.
H6y tfnh g16 tri nh6 nhdt cria tdng cric
khoAng crich tt didmM tr6n drrdng trdn tAm C
nrii tr6n ddn hai trgc toa d6 or vd oy.

+rtn *...*rt*,
{n

Bei 3. Cho didm A cd dinh vd hai didm B, C

di d6ng sao cho AB : a, AC = b (a, b ld hai s6
dtrong cho tnl6c). Ngudi ta v6 tam giric d6u
BCD sao cho A vd D thu6c hai nira mat phing
ddi nhau mi bd IA" dtrdng thir,g BC.
HAy xric dinh dO ldn ctia ga.

a. Chrlng minh rang 4So < S.

r(l - a s),

xr x2,..., rn vd khi
thay ddi thf tu vi tri cria n. sd dd, ta drloc
xi,,x;,r"'rx,r; (n > l)'

ln

b. Cho z s6 thrrc drrong

r@ + r{*,J

4),...,

- ar):

b. Vdi m6i

tdn tai it nhdt m6t tich sd kh6ng

rnnu
b. Cho n sd thtrc duongr,, ,xi.,..., x,^(rt > l).

Chfng minh rang

sd ob

ra drJoc kh6ng 10 sd dd sao cho hi6u hai s6 tiry

y trong 10 sd ndy chia hdt cho 11 ?

ffi
I
ls96 * x:
ffi
+ylff+

Tim tdt clcdc sd cd hai chrr

b. Vdi 100 s6 tri nhi6n bdt ki, h6i cd thd chon

lr'+.v'*i:b
Chrlng minh rdng giri tri cria bidu thfc P sau
ddy kh6ng phu thu6c vdo x, y, z :

1. a.

dO

6h khiAD cd

dei l6n nhdt.

Bai 4. a. Cho drrdng trdn (C) ndm trong gdc

roy (dtrdng trdn (C) khdng cd didm chung vdi
c6c canh cria gric 6i. Iiruy tim tr6n drrdng trdn
(C) mOt didm

lsao

cho tdng c.ic khoAng crich

tt M ddn hai dudng thing

goc xoy li nh6 nhdt.

ch:dla cdc c4nh cria

b. Trong mat phing toa dO xoy (o ld gdc toa

d0), ngUdi ta vE m6t dttdng trdn cri tAm
C (3 ; 4), brin kinh bing 2 don v!.

li

didm

Hay tinh giri tri nh6 nhdt cta tdng

khoAng crich

ti

cric

didm M tr6n drrdng trbn tdm C

ncii tr6n ddn hai truc toa d6 or

vi

oy.

NGUYEN UOU TTTAO

B,di TBl227
thoo ntrin

: Tint

cac s6

d(qng o (a >

2)

tl - t:\dt
t.J

+ot: + I
I

lri

r-l t
{

B,i:;i

CAC,I.OP TI{CS
Tll227 ; Gioi phtong trinh

nghiAnt

ngu.vdn;

.r, -ri._y *.3r

-S =0

2y

N( iI IYI N I)TT(' I,\N

( l l' I lb ('hi .llitth t

Bni TZl227 ; Gicit plttong trinlt

4x1 +zrt -8rl + 3x*9 :

Bii Tgl227 : ('lto trt diOn OAB(: t:uong o O,

chiitt coo OH = lt r:it dd diti coc cottlt ctio tant
di1n r:ubrtg ' OA = o. OB = b, OC - c. Cluing
ntinh rilnl; acotgA 4 bc.otgB + ccotgc > :lh
('lrong do A, B, C l.it r(tt' 51ot: <'tio 3uABCl
N(ii) \'.\N Ill[:l'
co

(1)

dttdng trbn ndt

BiriTgl227 :, Ch.o 2 tQp ltop bdng nhott :

\r,y,z,t\ = { 1930, 1945, 1975, 1995i
Hoy tint ccic gio tri cio x,!, 2, t dd bidu tituc
A : (x -.t,)i + (y -e)J + (z * t)'' + (t.-.r)l
dai gto tri nlto tth.dt.
tl,\trt;Dtr(''il{iNlI

Si dung cecto ltav ching

Bai Tl
ntinh rhng dttdng tron Ole cio. ntdt tont gioc
(d.udtlg tritn I tliintt tlti ticp .rtic trong coi
01227 z

N(,I IYI.-N VAN MINII

/Qrrrjrr.g ,\ gril

NI

t)lJ \'oit

t.\N( \'l
'
l,rt

\'(hi

tiilt

tont gioc do.

I),,1.(

)'t'l{t l(lN(i
iI

(i

i nlt I'lui

l,\t{(;

cAc oii vAr r-i

Bdi Ll1227 : Cho ntoch rI i(n ntdc tlteo
linh I toi [].r,, = l-l {istrtt,,t

srt

tl6

L:a tron

rllii I'lttn,qt
B,diT4l227 : Goi I, G ldn. lttot lit tdnt drtdrtg,
trbn ndi ti4p uit lrong tdnt cio. trtOt tont gioc co
dO d.iti cac conh ldn ltot tit 2. 3, 4. Ho.v hnh d0
diti doon IG.
.l'lilNl I ll.,\N(; ( il.\N(

I' I lh ('hi ,llittlt)

Bdi Til227 : Cllto ltoi rltdng tri>n (O, R i uit
(O', R') udi R' > R cat nhctu tai hai didnt. A, B.
Tia OA cat dtirng triln (O't tei d.idnt tht hoi (;,

u,<e

t.l

tritn rOt toi clidnt thi hai D.

T'io BD cat tluitng trbn ngoai ti6p tant giac ADC
toi cliint thti ho.i E. Hoy so sa.nh BC uoi BE.

tio O'A

<:ot d.rtitng

I).^N( i KI I'l I( )N(

1. Dd ch.o ,r, ru llir.l,r' sudt cia toatt nmch

bong 1 thi R I R :. L. C ud ut pltrii thcn man lft

tltic nltu tlft ttittt i

100

rlli \iri)

2. Clto Rt = 10052, C = -r !tF- uit tiin sd

= 50 Hz. Hoy tinlt co.c gid tri cia R, ud L dd

toitn ntaclt bang 1 rlbng thdi

hi1u rliin thd U ."* uo [/-1, r:o cttttg rttOt gta tri
hi.ilt rtuitg.
h0 s6 cdng sudt <:ita

CAC T-Op TIICR

B,iri1]6227 : Gidi phtottg trinlt.

l,t t.\N 'l't 1.,\N

xl +l
-'--Sr=0
" :'
'r r{,\N N,\M r)[rN(i
(

l' Ilh ('lti ,llinlt)

BAiml227 :Clw day {'on} m. ainhnlul

o,, =

2 -r[5
2-

t.Qn +

l =

o.,, (4a1,

10a,,

sott :

* 5))

Yn>-A
Tint. sd hang tdng quot an
I.t i()N(i N(r()('\'fl

rIli irit't
10

(l

Kll,\Nil

ln Nf ii

fJ,di LZl227 : Ngttiti plut traclt thong ntov

dta ntQt tito nhit coo tdltg lit rttOt ngudi litnt uidc
dtlng gid. Ong to da treo trln ttisng tlmng rrtay
ntQt clbng ttb quti lac chay dilng dd bie't hhi nito
tfi hdt giit Ldnt uiQc trong ngdy. Hoi 6ru9 ta co
kdt thtic c6rtg uidc dilng giit hay hhbng ?
Ctrc bid't tltiti gian, chuydn dQng (tlrco dbng
116 ding y|nt udi uccto gia tdc hxdng lAn trAn uit
huong xudng lit nhu nhau, ntbdttn cfio. cac gio
t6c cung ttht nhau '
't
() (ir AN(i
(l

ln Nni)

{r

PR$BT-frMS

XN TH,{S

circunrcircle

ISSUE

of triangle ADC again at

Frlr Lower Secondary Schools

Frlr Upper secondary schrxrls

Tl1227 Find integer solutions of equation

'161227 Solve the equation

.rl-.rl.y*3r-2y-5:A.

xa+4

--5r=0
r;. _2

T21221 Solve the equation

4.rl +21'1 - 8.r: + 3r * I = 0
T:r1227 Lr:t be given two equal sets :
\x, I. z, r) = {1930, 1945, 1975, 1995}.

T7t227 "the sequence {ani is defined by

2-{5
o,, : --f
. 0rr r = o,,(4ai-

Determine x, J, zil so that

A = (x - .y)z + $ - z)2 * (z - t)z * (t - x))
attains its least value.
T41227 LeL I, G be respectively the incenter
and the center of gravity ol' a triangle, the
lengths of the sides of which are 2,3, 4. Find
the length of the segSnent IG.
T51227 Let be given two circles iO, R.t and
/O', R'), R' > R, which cut each other at. two
points A, B. The semi-line OA cuts the circle
rO' t again at. C. the setli-line O A cuts the circle
tOt again at D. The semi-line BD cuts the

TTM'TTTEM NT{IJNG
{tit

1t tirt,,,

truil.\ I i

l^

= .in2A ,

.,y'.

sin2a

co g6c tu ttlc O
, dirng cA khi LABC ""

niln) ngoal talt) grac.

-2

sin2B -*

VA.vA(/ =.ir.,2A OB

tgi
fu

C-

+tgrKB+tgrKC:0.

0.

"

t4

+ofl+1

TSl227 Let be given a tetrahedron OABC,

right at O the altitude of which OH : lt and th'e
lengths of the edges OA : o, OB : b, OC : c
Prove that. ocotgA + bcotgB + ccc:tgC > 3h,
w,here A B, C arc the angles of the triangle ABC
T1Ol227. tJse vector calculus to prove that
the Euler circle of a triangle (the 9-points
circle) is tangent to the incircle of the triangle.
.

tg

B-L'-A++
2

LB + tS-i LC' + tg2 LA :

0.

Th6m ntta xin mili cAc ban hiy chrlng minh cac
dnng thtlc yau (O. H, G, I ki hi6u nhu trtl6c) :

+
cos,B
{9} cosA
+sinA"i.rc' oB +

+'-;'oA
""tc o?=d
sinAsinB '"

1o) (rfu

= cefr:Stf ,da+"tgc."tsA.da +
+rtgA.ilgB.OC.
+
r cos(C-Ai +
rll)3GH: cos(.B-Ct
.--.OA+.
i.OB+
sl rL6slnL.
SlnAstn(
+
'--- Bt oc
+costA
r

B+

Vn >

sinAsinB

sin2C +
+-^
.OC

=' sin2A.o7+ sin2B . o-B+ sin2c:.o? =

TiSp tuc c5,ch lam tr6n cd:c ban cci thd ttr tirn
den cdi'dAng thfc sau.
t6t,CIfng nrinh ring 6 LAB( cdc duong ntii
.
nr6i dinh. voi_tiep didnr ctia vong tron n6i-ti6p
trdn canh ddi di6n ddng quy tai 1 diem K vh

/+

511,

A tren canh d6i di6n hoac phdn k6o dni. ddng

qtr-v t,ai 1 diim L vi

"..

AEREBR
---:
sin0,
sin-E, ' sino,= sinl;r -8,)
AE sinO,
EB sinO,-Nhtingsino, = Sin AOC : sin2B tgcic d tAn)
vd sino. - sin( BOCI : sin2A
AE sin2B
AF : sin2C:
tudng rO
Chu

10o,,+

Find the general term on.

Tgl227 Find the numbers o > 2 satisfying
I_
,. tl rrl rtt =.!

Nhd dinh li ham sd sin trong c6c tam gi6c

AOE, BOE ta cci :

"

E.

Conrpare BC' with BE.

('7)

O, la tamwrrgfron bangtifbgrtuAcriaA,4nC-Qhrlng

rninh- sinB.O,B +sinC.O,C--sinA.O ,A=0 (8)

C.hutng minh rang d LABC cric drtdng ndi m5i
dinh voi ti6p didm cta vdng trdn bdng tidp g<ic

.i,
+
+
',
t12)2OI=
B
7,OA+
cos,
cos,

.B^
sln
Z-')4

srn:

- C_: Agg+--_ ___' EOC

cos, cos,
cos, cos,

O aay t6i chi mdi xoay quanh rndt hrrdng dd

tirn ddn c.ic hO thrtc. Cci rdt nhi6u hudng kh6c
nta. Mong c6c ban tirn th6m nhi6u nta cdc h6
thftc v6cto trong tam gi6c.
11

I
I

Dii THI ruYhN sINH lees MON ToAN

DAI HQC QU6C GIA HA NOI

(Thdi gian

lim bei 180 Phft)

PHhN

ei,r euOc

J=8-3r-2x2,

- !^)' (1)
CduI : Chohdmsdy" : x-Z
1) KhAo s6t srJ biSn thi6n vi vE dd thi cria
@

hirn

s6 dd cho.

2) }Jay xric dlnh hdm sd y = f(r) sao cho dd

thi cria nri d6i xrlng v6i dd thi cria hdm s6 (1)
qua didm M (1, L).
CAu II : i) GiAi phrrong trinh
3f2,
r

1
2) Giei

,fT

+ I z* z, =2

,.,

phuong trinh

hQ

fq*

-ov
- 1)) + -0-x)(xY+2),
:2
lxt Yz
CAu III : 1) GiAi phtrong trinh
4sinZx - 3cosZr = 3(4sinx - l).

2) Cho A, B, C li
Chrlng minh ring

cac gric cria mQt tam gi6c.

,A_8. +cos(=;)
,B _C.
,C -A
+cos(:7-)
=
"""(=)
|,^
I,
i,
n\
tr,
r,\
+co5( -E)
< cosj(" -t) +cos5(,
s)
"
PHAN TU CIIQN

(Thi sinh chon mQt trong hai c6u fVa hoac fVb)
Cdu IVa : 1) Tr6n m4t ph&ng toa d6 trlrc
chudn cho hai drrdng parabol

Y=2*9x-<2'2'

a) Hay x:ic dinh cdc 916 tri o vi b sao cho

dudng th&ngy : e^x, * b d6ng thdi le ti6p tuydn
cria hai parabol vd x5c dlnh toa dQ cria c6c ti6p
didm.
b) Tinh diQn tich hinh ph&nggi6i han bdi hai
dudng parabol d5 cho vi tidp tuydn da drloc xdc
dinh d tr6n.
2) TrOn mat ph&ng toa d6 tnlc chudn cho cdc
didm P (2, 3) , Q (4, - 1 ) vh .R (-3, 5) ln cac trung
didm cta cdc c4nh cria mOt tam gi6c. H4y IAp
phrrong trinh cta cric dudng th&ng chrla cdc
cqnh ctra tam gi6c d<i.
CAu IVb : 1) Tinh gi6i han
sinz?^x - sinrsin4r
lim
x--0
2) Cho hinh tf diQn ABCD cti c4nh AB = x.
Hai mat ACD vir BCD le' nhfrng tam gi6c ddu
canh o. Gqi M li trung di6'm cira canh AB.
a) Xdc dlnh r l<hi DM li dudng cao cta hinh
trl diQnABCD.
b) Gia si DM vudng g6c v6i m4t Phing
@BC). Tinh brin kinh m4t cdu nOi tidp hinh tf

d16nABCD.

DAP AN
Db thi

Cnu I (2,5)

x2-b+2
1.v=:x*
"

x-Z
* 2.

-x-Z^.Hdmsdxdc

I
YOix:4-! : 2
59

*=r*y=r'

dinh v6i rr,oix

Chi6u bidn thi6n : y' = 1

(r-2)2=L;x-3"-Y-4
r-1*y-0.
TiQm cf;n drlng

(x

::
- 2)'

r = 2. TiQm c$n xi6n !

|

,l
4l
I

Q <=

= x.

Bd.ng bidn thin

2. Gie st A(rr,l1) ld didm tiry y ctra dd thi

(x -l)2
(x -l)z
=

Y=\i=Yr ffi;xt*2'
v6i A qua didm M(1,
B(x, y) d6i
.

;fng

lx*xr=2 l\=2-x

1,

t2

*r,

,*i,

:2 -!t

1) <+

@r-t)2 ^ x2-?n+t

Sry

Ta chrlng minh bdt ding thric sau

.A +sinZB +sin7C 3
srnZ
<, =
(2) e+M=si

1. Giei phuong

trinh

TacdM

r='ffi,

:'*11

rho
,1

M<
duoc phrrong trinh

*"r"f,*i"f,

snf,

- t2t

< 4sin*.
b

ABCT

Di6uki6n:x*O,x*

Dat

"t

Ssin

z+ z
z*-a
<2sinT+2sin#*

4sin

ABCT
+
-2'2'2'6
-+--I:

: 4sin f, fancm.r

iii) Ta chrlng minh bdt ding thfc

"o"f;
I

chti y

*"o"f, *"o"f, *
ring

cosx

Bf = scosf,rar

cosy

=2cosf"o"7*z.or!|,
(vdi 0 < ,,

y<

ABCT

ta cd cosT *cos

ABCfr

;).

Ddu bing x&y ra khi

= y"

+cos2 +cosf <

,+ z + 2cosJ2*;

< ZcosLSa

,-:

++ cosZ + cosZ + co5" +

<

c=+

cosf <

A*B*C *n
e6-

acos---:

n-.----: = 4"o*o

**"o$*"o{+"o{
Ddu bang x6.y ra

< Bco{ = B-g (dpcm).

khiA = B = C
0), (Z\,(B)

Ap dr,rng cric bdt dEng thrtc

. s ("infu,{ *

ta cr;

"i,$i,f, + "i,$i"f)
,ABC
(sin; + sinf n "i"!), *
A

<

,
C.
<_3 (sin7
+sin7 +sin7)
e+
7
-,,.A B

.B.C

"i.f.i"f; + snftinf, + sinf,sinf,

<+l

4 * *4."S * ""#*4)
- / A B c..t

* s( co$co

A + co--B + co5-)
a,
< 3t/8,
c+
("o52
13

ABBCCA
,AflBJTC

cosaco5- +

co5co5

- 912- 16oz- 96o' ea:1=+b:10.

kdp<+A'-

COng (4) v6i (5) ta co

liy:r+10

*+(" -t).*4(r+)

thing

C_A
*

"od(

x: -t:a*3

q+)

phAi

16 ' 57

tim cri phtrong trinh

ldA(r,, !

Goi hai tidp didm

B_C

A_8.

V6y drrdng

(5)

co5co5

16(rz

),

B(x2,

t)

tactt

-li *Y, = 9

819
*== \; -o;t = o2+ J:: 12.
b. Goi siao didur ctia hai parabol Ie
ct.r,, y.l. Y<t i dd x\ ln nghiOur cria
g_ 3, -LxZ=Z+gx-?-x.) <+ t?-x:6 <+

(G)

ra cd +.;(o+) .t * ra
]nt^41 ,
o
*lo+1,
=;l^+l . f r".,;
suyra""* A -;l = ""* I -;l
"

x3=i,J:=6

I
<+ cos, (A

r,

- t)

rrrong trr cod

I
JT,
< cosl (A - g)

(r{)

(u+)

= "od
, ^ rr,

1
| , - n, <cos3
(c-;)
(c-S)
"o"f
Ti (6), (7) suy ra (dpcm). Ddu bang
khiA: B = C.

n)

xdy ra

C6u IVa (3d)

1. Gsi cic tiSP didm ld A(xyJ)

1P,):f :8*'Jl--?'x2
B(r2,12) e (P2) | J :2 *9x -?'xz
a. Cach I : Theo y nghia hinh hoc cria dao

hdn, ta thu drloc hai phrrong trinh cira cung mOt

dddng

thing

I : t&t- 3)(, -rl) + I -,\x,t - 2rc4

y:(9 -4.x,\(x -.r:) 2+9r--Zxi
Tt

d6 thu dudc ho

Ta

cci

=>

S=

-l

63 99

117

-2.
2

Phrrong trinh dtidng th&ng di qua

''
(x,,. Y,,) vd llP(nt, n)

cci

x-x"
J-!"
dang * = --;

Vi BC ll PQ vir
n6n
Pq = (2, -4)
drrdng thing chfa BC
chinh ld dtrdng th&ng di

,4

l^i*8:zri+2
!1'', : virtacriA(-l' 9)'B(2' 12)'

2
T\)&5r, Thay r = -1 vio phuong trinh tiSp tuydn ta eri :
! : x+10 = or +b+ o,: 1,b : 10
Cd.ch. 2: Dtrdng thingJ : ax * b tidp xric v6i
dtrong cong y - 8 - ax - kz khi vd chi khi

6l

,"/
,/'
//\

\,
rt

5!rd song
PQ. VaY
vdi
song
dudng
trinh
phtiong

qua /?(-3,

\'

\^/ th&ng chrla BC ld

r*3
_2 = y-5
4
2r+y+1=0

z +gxe -b.z*ax

***fr

v6i

ltongtrr phrrongtrinh drrdngthingdi quaAB :

14

o''

x-4 '^
v*1 *2x+5y-3=0
-52
gi6i han dec biCt
CAu 4b (3) 1. Ta se 6p dung

2 4 9x - Zx2 cri nghiOm kdP

1612 + 8(a - 9)x + a2 + 6a + 57 = 0 cti nghi6m

__-,.\

cci nghiOm k6P e+

o"x*b:8*k-?.i
y-3 *6x + iy 33 : 0
x-2 "---^
'j-+64
- Q<+
L,: (a +3;z -8b
u
-7
a2+6a +7g
. a2 +6a +73
phrrong trinh drrdng thing qua

!:

-[tz*9x-2rz1dx=i- 8- 8 = ,

9 -4-,''

Dtrdng thing tr6n tidP xtic

I t

(i2 +9)3 i
\-:;"- Jra - u -Y?1dx -

[-a -4r, )

x-S lr., l, uu 1; r, r,, g-S h.r an g c, t n g

('BIll(
A('(11'At
At)li,A
I

S h.rt, ou

<=

lirrr"'*=1;Iinr
I

--0

.t+0

sin?2;;r

sinxsin4x
x4
(Xenr

ridp bia

-1)

DE THI

Tuysx srxn r6p l0 cHUyBu roAry - TrN

D+r rrQC su prraM (DAr HQC QUciC GrA HA Norl

Ndm hgc 1995

1996

NGAY THI THU NHAT :17.7-1995

Thdi gian lDrm biri : 180 phrit
CAU l. Cho biSt
a: r! + fir
o

+$1r-Tlf

va :, fi +/ +yl/TT7.
Gia thi6t rang tich ry drrons. Hev

tinh b theo

o.

CAu 2. Cho phuong trinE :

+ 4a(a + 2)x - 4(a2 - 1) : 0,
, *t - dri,
!+"o1.8)f'
trong
Id tham s0.
1) Giei phuong trinh voi a : -112.
2) ciai phuonr trinh theo o.
CAU 3.'1t Chfng minh rins tich ctia g so
nguy6n li6n ti6p ludi chia hdt cEo 128.
. 2) Vdi sci ttr nhi6n rz tuyy cho tnroc, chting rrrinh
$ng sd. iz = nLn +1\6 + ii...'r"-+-7i+-7i
l.hOng th6' bidu dicn drrdi dtidi'darie tdns

lil"'fl itl,itrr,l'i"i$ Iiii

zJ

cta
ri
"g"vE"'aJj,'s,

NGAY TTII THU

Thdi gian l}rm
C6u 6. Cho 4 s6 nguyen dtrong a, b. c vh, cl
,llE" ding thrlc a2 +.b.: : cl + r/1. Chung
!!,o--q
rrrrnh ringsd a * b * c *d ld mOt hoo sci
- Cag zTcia st cho t'uiihr,,ieAjn=irijo" "oi

qrtffi ffii*}
;']fr:fl
Hrynili,'fr
i{,"i
hai cdi gdo dci dd
chu.ydn lit nudc tt thuns ndV
1

sang thung kia duoc hay kh6ns ? Tai sao

'

CAu 8.-11 Chttng minh bdt'clA"git,i" ,zrri!, + |

<
l,
trong dci, z ld so nguyAn dtlons tuv V.
2) Vdi m6i sd- riguydn
"l- diron"g"ru, ta dat
1 .. +i;
^ : I *17*
. Hdy tim tdt cA cac
il;
",,
gi6 tri cira n sao cho [S,,] : 2. (tx) ln phdn
nguy6n c-uq sd thuc .r va drroc dinh nehia la so
nguy6n t-h64 nr6n [r] < r < Irl i t). "
_ . UAU 9..Cho hinh vu6ng AECO. Goi M, N vi
P ld ba didm ldn lrrot ldy t-ron uic
Eb, CO

-[") . #

. C_ag^4. Cho^tanr girlc cAn ABC (AB - AC),

BAC = a. Gqi D1h. E theo thr-f ttr ld trung
ilidnr ctia cac canh AB vd AC. Tr6n tia d6i cni
tia DE ldv mOt didm M tuv v kh6ns trirns vdi
D ; Tr6n lia a'di cria tia ED'ldy mot fiidm N sao
gdc

2o[r-fiI

"a"t

MAN:

*2 . Hui dtrdng thang MB vit

NC c6t nhau tai P. Tinh E6c BPC
Cnu 5. Ban An mudntidn vAo tnr6c m5i s6
trongdiy 1,2,3,... n nr6t ddu "*" hoac m6t ddu
'-" d6: dtroc m6t dav tinh ccj kdt qda la'sd trr
nhi6n nh6 nhdt cci t}d dtroc. Sau k}i di6n ddu
xong vi thttc hi6n chinh xdc c6c ph6p tinh. ban
An drroc ket qud ld 3. Theo em l<dt'oua dd da
th6a mdn yeu cdu dat ra hay chtra ? Ndu chua,
em h6y nu r0 lAp IuAn vd ihi ra c6ch lAm cho
An dat drroc mui:'dich cria minh.
cho

90" +

HAI : I8-7-I995
bhi : 180 phnt
vb,

DA sao cho MNP liL m6t tam sidc ddu.

1) Chtlng nrinh he thtrc
:

CNT_AP:_zDP.BM.
2t Hdy xric dinh vi tri

P sao

_cho

ctia cric didm M, N vit

tartr gidc MNP c6 dien tich nh6 nhat.

ylg4r inh rang tam gldic MN P a di6n tich

khiM trirng vEi B hdac khi p trunev6iA.
CAU 10. Cho 10n drrong drbn cci cung?udng
kinh bang
va nam trong m6t hinh vu6ng
3 C_h
f

Ion nhdt

Efri

c?l.h l. phring minh rang ta lu0n ccj the v6 duoc

mot ctudng thang c6t it nhdt 12 drrdns tron
trong sd c6c duong trbn d6 cho.

bli 1ta.v, ta hidu nfit phdn duitng

,, .(Trong
tltang
ud ntot dttitng trdn goi lit iat nhau neu
cltling c.o.lrui didnr c[tung phan bidt : M6t duisng
tron got to nrtnL tronq nt1t hinh da tiac lbi firuy
d_a giac chta duitn! trbn) ndu ntSi didm cua
duirng trdn clbu thu6c ntiEn tronl hod.c nd,m
tr4n canh cia do gidc d6).

DAP AN
Cdu 1. Ta cri :
Suy ra phuong trinh cd ba nghi6m lA
)
2,..2,,"
22
o.'
o-=I *xr*y:
+2s2y:+zsy{-dl-5(
I ty5
xt
= 2a + 2, xz.t= (2a + 1 + t[ffi - 4s a gS12
+
6lb' = *2
* y2
x' +
* b'
v' +
2x" y'+
vt * 2ry
2rv .fi1;;5ai+r5
rl t1 + yttll
3. 1) Nhan xdt rAngtrong 4 sd nguyOn
-li6nCAu
So s6nh
srinh hai k6t quA, ta suy ra b2 = aZ
tiep
lu6n cri in6t sd cnia haf?hq a
az
L
mot
^
-1..
l]o.rv
O chi
nhi nri
hqi'trriir-t l^ sau
cci hai
"E
-^,, .: truons hoo
sd khdc chia het cho 2, suy ra tich cria chungluOn
,rJ > U,
Ndu r>0 vd y>0-thi'6>0,
v>0"thi'6>o
tq ccj
oa
chia hdt cho 8. Tlong 8 sd nguyOn tien iiAp.'tuon
ta
b : r[dr=T
co _4 s6 chAn li6n ti6p. Ta x6t ri6ng tich cria 4 s6
N6u r<0 va.y<0 thi 6<0. ta cc| ch11. n.ay_,
z\eh + qeh + 6) =
I 2h(2h +Theo
b: -{;r1
=
nhan x<!t tr6n,
=
^16k(k+l)(h+Z)(h+31.
rich k(h+l)(k+2)(ft+3) d6 chia h6l cho g.
.Cau p. 1) Khi a : -112, phudng trinh crj cdc ri6ng
nghim ldr, = l,r:.-, = i'1/B
tb dc, Q dria he'tcho I 6 x 8 = 128. T\)drisuy na @cn.
Plr{o,"g. trinh da cho tudng duong vdi
2).?heo p!.d" .t), sd de cho cd thd vi6t dang
,
?l
phudng trinh tich
nr : l28h + 7! vdi A N. Tachrlng minh bin[
phAn chrlng : Ndu nz crj thd bie'u di6[ dudc thanfi
(x -2a -2)[xz - (2a + t)x +2a -2] :0.
:

15

tdng cria hai

s6

chinh phuongthi

cic

c<i

sd trr

nhion

(1)
sao cho l28h +71 = a.2 +b2.
V6 tr6i cria (1) chia h6t cho 4 cho ndn a vi b
phAi li hai sd inan. Oat a = 2c vir b = 2d rdi
lhia cA hai vd cho 4 ta cri :

ouib

N). e)

BZh+ 1g0x T =.c2+d2(c,d

Lan lai li luan tr6n d6i v6i (21, ditL c = 2p vit

d = 2q r6i chia hai v6 cho 4 :
gk + 45 x 7 : p2 + qz (p, q N).(3)
Ve tr6i trone (3) la id [6 n6n trong hai s6 p
vA q, 5t ccj nr6t"sd 16, rn6t sd chin, nglia la xAy

ra

(mod 4), trong

|
x ? ==3 (rnod4), v0 Ii.
C0lu 4. ?n gia thidt suY ra
o2 + a2

8k + 45

), +22:
I

(s0"

.;) -o:

khi

soo

-;

\Iat kfrac trong tam gtrdc AMD cd

At * Mt: Dr = (180" - a)12: gO" -;

(1)

\2)

Tt (1) vit' Q) suy ra M r : Az(3)

Vi tamddc ABCATT id DE Ii dridng trung
binh nn MDA = AEN. Di6u dri cirng vdi (3)
cho ta :

canh trtong ring

le).,:IiI d<i---

Nz: MBD
M.+N.=
= BMD*NBD
= 18C1" -Di

ia"har. Matxt,l"iui
a *'bi-c+d >

"
nguyOn drrong.nOn

2 .Do vAy nd

lubn lA hon s6 (dpcm).

Cau 7. Tra ldi : khons thd.

*:l'tr'";'li.f ,frl*H*P,f,lii1ffn'lujvffi
i lit nrr6c tit binh A sang binh B

3ct"-fruua""Orroc

dongnz g5o I vh ry g{o\l,lrcng dd n-r, n

"Ach
quv rrdc nl > 0 n6u dong ttr A sang fi va nl
e T(Ta

Uane

xAv
---J

,id, drrs

tU .B

radinelhfc
-'-;rf,
+

*t ge, trrong Er d6i v6i nl. Khi dci

ilZ -,[2) = t

(nt--n)r[Z+Zn-1=0(l).qqv- ra(1)
* n thi tt
N6u nL
,t1-: h" i t\t(n
n) v6 Ii vi rl2- IA sd v6
'; : n Q,
ll2 (vft li).
:

ti.
-- VAv nh6i1)cciV6inLm6i n =nguy6n drrong ta cri
Cd;.i 8.

z1{*rafi):6;.frk =#
zttn-\ti:tl = q;fu, #O=#
cdn
bdt ding thfc
Tr]

M *M!
MD
: Y*
-EN 1 LMDB
D tu'
-DA :
,AN: DB -

L CEN (crj hai gdc

D vd E b6rig nhau
xen gitla hai caP

em'

k6p

d6 suy ra

KihiouS,, : 1 *,, *IE + "' +17' St

duns bdt dine thfc k6p I'ta chtlng minh vdi n
ia;'Lrli't a"f-2, a-..., 'n rdi cong 6ac udt a6tng
dUoe-lai, ta @ ,
thu
"' zifi=f'
t.fii).. s, - 1 < zoln - r)
2)

ti

:+

2(r{;+l -r[7) +1.

Trong tarn gi6c

MNPr,6
M.:L *N":
= 180']- MPNque
Hai kdt
tr6n k6o' theo
frFr,l =b, = 9u, -!z
Ciu 5. Ki hi6u s li tdng ctra cdc sd trong.dSy'.
Sau khi di6n ddu, ta goi s1-| ) li tdng cria c6c sO
i-"o"s dav drroc dGn ddu "#', vi s(-)la tdng cria
cac Jd trbng day dtroc di6n ddu "-". Ro rAng ta
lu6n cci s :"s( *i + si -) vd kdt quA cria d6y t inh
fndo'cacn di6n ddu cria An thi
i,a"L
sf+i'- "tii
st-) ="t-li
3. Didu ndv chrlng t6 s lir ld va vdi
nioi cach'di6n ddu, hi6u st+) --s(-) c0ng li 16'
kdt
n; aO i^ til uons cci c6ch di6n ddu sao c-ho
dav tiirh1ans 1 ; Ndu duoc thi dri ld cach
o-"a
Ihm "rlo
th6a man v6u ciu cira ddu bli. Mudn vqy ta
V rinss J I + 2 + ... + n : tl(n + 1)/2 li le
"frri
n6n"n ch'i co the' ccj mOt trong hai dqng :
n =4h *lhoicn=4k*2.
Ndrzr = 4ft+1thi ta c<i cach di6n ddu nhu sau :
1 - +1 + (2-3-4+5) + (6-7-8+9) +...+
+lh'- 3) - (z'-2\ - 1z - 1)'+ nl' "
(d ddy, m6i'nhrini trong ddu ngoac d6u cri t6ng
dai
:- s6 bane 0)
Nd, , :"4tt'+2 thi ta cd cach di6n ddu nhrr sau :
f ; + t-2+3-4 +...+ (2h-r)-zk-(2h+t) +
+ (2h +2) - ... - (+n + 1) + (4k !?)
(d dAv. t'dns dai s6 cria 2h s6 ddu ti6n binSr-.k
t8hg A"-i i6 cria c6c s6 cbn lai bing &
"t "
.

t6

Z+

AAllN,

LMDA

suY ra

Ciu 6. V6i m6i sd nguY6n n, s6

n2 - n = n(n - l) luOn chin. Do dd sd
a2 +b2 +c2 +d2 -(a +b +c +d) la chin. Tir
gie thict a2 i b2 - g2 I 42 suy ra
iz + bz + c2 + d2 = 2(a2 + b\ .la chan. vay
i,b,c,4lacac;'o

N6u [Sn] = 2

S,,

thi theo (1)

<2,1n

-l

(1)

2:[s,,J < 5,,.2r17-t + \/; > 312+ n > 3

2(r[;+1 -rl7) +1 . s,,. [s,,] *1 = 3 +

\Ill+f<{7+1+z<4.
'' Cack6d qua tr6n cho ta 3 < n < 4+ n = 3
hodcn
= 4.
'^"=tin.ro"

thi$ngvdn
I 31i". 313,r J ?lr.'1,-;
s, < 2r[4-t + 2 <so < 3 +

iai. ndu z = 3 ho4c n =-4

?"i['f

)-

Jt
ztrl6-r|4l+1
lS+l

ll'f

2 (dring)

V0v cac eie tri cdn

Cdu 9. 1) Dat

tim etle^nliLn

AB=BC=CD=
Q4_= o. Ap

d1r1g O

dinh
= li Pi-ta-gtc ur oi

/1/

3 vd'n = 4'

LIN}:M0+"CN2=

(a

BtvlY *

MPZ = AB2 +

"*'

+ (AP - BNDL
hav ld :
Mi\12 = a2 +-BMz +

i cN -za .BhI

MPz=a2+BW+
+AP _2A]' . BM '4

Vi- af = MP n6n tit hai d&ng thrlc trn suy ra

CNz - AI'Jz = 2a . Bb{ - ZAP . BIUI =
= 2{a - AP) ' BM,
CN - APz = ZDP. BM (dPcm)

1fr-m ti-p nangT)

ob rur ruypx srNH rees...

('I'idp theo trang 11)

.- 4sin2rcos}x - 4sin)xcosrcos2r _
=lill1
x4
.r+o
-- l:
:4linr sin/xcosx rI cos.r - cos2rx2 .l
r-{r x2 I
SrxAx
.Je
2sin ,-sin,
sin:o
3
"tri
=4lirrr
-6
e'
x4
x2
.r .o --:2.4lim-=a
.-;,
2

vd

TiSp theo ta

sDCa: snBC:

(ABC) vdDA

=
2

Vayr: AB = at[2

B ^^ cb 6i6t

cci

SITAR: Sc,qa:

: DB : DC : a
2. a. Vi DM t
n6n hinh chi6u cria chfng tr6n m6t phing
(ABC) -bang nhau. Do dd MA : MB : MC.
Vi A ABC cdn n6n nci Id tam vu6ng cd"n"
1
(truns tuv6n CM : ABt

: o{2 nln DM : g'['

Ydy MA: MB : MC : M; =+
AB

,-

17

s?

a2

T,
a2{5
4

a3t[2
12

Str,tt,*sr,qn+SIx'A+sr)8,

:o2t2!Fl

, :Y(r
- ban kinh
3v a(2-'{51
mAt cdu n6i tidp), taco:r:
s*:-z
Ap dlrng cdng

thfc

;66

scm n0p

HO th6ng sd vd chir sd thOng dung drroc goi

ld h6 thdng sd A Rap. Ngrrdi ta phdn bi6t hai
loai h6 th6ng s6. Su phdn loai ndy can crl vdo
cach tinh gi6 tri cr,ia s6. Loai tht? nhdt cci c6ch
tinh gia tri theo dang chtr s6 vd vi tri cria chrr
sd dci trong dang bidu di6n, dtroc goi Id h6 thdng
sd theo vi td. Didn hinh ctra loai ndy ln h6 thdng
sd A Rap md ta dang dung. Loai thrl hai cci cd.ch
tinh gi6 tri beng c5.ch c6ng ddn c6c chtr s6 ccj
mAt trong dang bidu di6n. Quen thu6c vdi
chung ta ld hd thdng s6 La Mn ma ta thrrdng
dung dd danh s6 thf tu. Trong h6 thdng sd La

Ma, quy t6c cdng d6n dirng ld quy t6c chinh. Chi
ccj m6t ngoai 16 ld ndu chrf sd b6n trai cci gi:i tri
nh6 hon chrt sd b6n phAi thi gi6 tri ctla nhcjm
hai chtt s6 dci bang gi5 tri cria chtr sd b6n ph6i
trtl di gi6 tri ctra chtt sd b6n trdi. XIV cci chri s6
drlng gitta ld I cci gi6 tri 1, cht sd cudi V cd gi6
tri Id 5, n6n gizi tri cira cA hai IV la 5 - | : 4.
Vay XIV c6 gia tri ld 14.
HO thdng sd A nap rdt quen thu6c v6i chung
ta. Nri con dtioc goi la h6 co sd 10. Cdch tinh gia
tri cira bidu di6n sd theo c6ng thrlc sau :

a.a2...a,,: at. 10t I * ar.lUt-2 + ... + a,,.10,,

Vi du bidu di6n sd
252 : 2.102 +b.10r + 2.too.

S9A nap cci ngudn gdc tt dAu ? Thrlong mai

cira An Dd phat tridn manh vd ndn vAn minh
cta An D0 cung phAt tridn rdt sdm. KhoAng the
ki VII vd VIII d An Do cci nhi6u c6ch viet s6.
trong dci cri h6 th6ng sd Hindu. Do tinh don giAn
va khoa hoc cta h6 th6ng sd ndy, nci d6 truy6n
b6 sang cdc vung l6n cdn. Thd ki IX nri lan sang

A nap Tai dny nhd to6n hoc

Mohamnrecl

ibn-Musa al- Khowarizmi dA vidt thd"nh s;iich

v6 hO thdng sd Hindu bAng ng6n nglr A Rap.
Cdc chri s6 duoc viSt theo kidu chrr cai A Rap
(qua thdi gian hdng thdki, chrr sd dtroc viet nhti
ngdy nay) . Trong thdi gian ndy, ng6n ngu A nap
li m6t ng6n ngu dang thinh hdnh d chdu Au
cung vdi ng6n ngu Latin. Vi vQy h6 thdng n:)y
du nhdp sang TAy Au vdo thd ki XIi. Thd ki XIII
nci sang Italia. Mai cho ddn thd ki X\ri mdi dtroc
sir dung 6 cac n:.i'6c kh6c cta TAy Au. Ngudi
chAu Au muon sd Hindu qua ngudi A Rap nen
hs gsi le s6 A RAp. Cdch ggi niy sai voi lich srl
nhtrng dd trd thdnh t6n chinh thrlc. Trong c6ch
vidt s6 cta ngudi Hindu, sd kh6ng duoc ki hi6u
ld m6t ddu chdm hoac m6t khuy6n nh6. TrAi
qr-ra thdi gian, sd khdng duoc vidt thdnh khuy6n
trdn to bang c6c chtt sd kh6c.
N(iUYiiN (lAO ]'tInN(i
.tt.tu thnt

Gidi &ip bdi

TRO CEOI DOAN ChU

vio di6u ki6n "s6 qud. cdu xanh uit sd qud. cd.u d6 d4ng trong mdi hitm dbu khdng drtrug
6 phia ngoiti m6i hbm" Nam suy luAn vd lim nhrr sau : Hdm thrl ba, 6 ngodi
hoa" 2 qte cdu xanh, hoic hai quA cdu d6. Nam bdc mOt quA cdu tt trong
c<i ghi XD, sG
"trrlr
hbm dri.
DrIa

u6i

cd.c

chu da ghi

Ndu quA cdu bdc ra ld xanh thi trong hai hbm cbn lai s6 cdn 1 quA cdu xanh vd 3 quA cdu d6.
Vdi di6u ki6n cria trb choi ta suy ra ngay trong hbm ghi XX ld hai qui cdu d6 ; trong hbm ghi DD
Ii 1 qui xanh vd 1 quA d6. - Ndu quA cdu b6c ra la d6 thi trong hai hdm cbn lai sE cci 1 quA cdu d6
vd 3 qui cdu xanh. Vdi di6u ki6n ctra trd choi ta suy ra ngay trong hdm ghi DD li hai qui cdu
xanh, trong hbm ghi XX la 1 quA cdu xanh vd 1 quA cdu d6.
NhQn x6t : Giai d6p drra theo Nguy6n. Thd,nh Trung,7M, Marie Curie, Ha NQi. C6cban Mai
Thanh Tidp, 6T, NK Bim Son, Thanh Hda vi Phan Vu Tod.n ,6, Chuy6n Tt Li6m, Hd NOi cnng

cci giAi ddp

t6t.
BiNH PHUONG

DIEN SO YAO IIINII YUONG

H6y di6n c6c s6 tU nhi6n trl 1 d6n 16 vdo cdc 6 c:0;a hinh vu6ng b6n sao
cho tdng siic sd d m6i hing ngang, hdng doc vd m6i drtdng ch6o d6u bang
nhau.
NGO IIAN

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cci t

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MOr oE roAN sAt

Trong sSch "Tuydn tdp 70 bdi to6n gi6i tich td hdp" (t6c g1h: V6 Dai Mau. NXB T16), dd 61
dudc trinh bdy nhrt sau :
"Chringminhringcdcsd Cfr, C**', Cfr+2v6ik+3 > n,nvdkld2s6 t{nhi6n, khOngthd

3 s6 hang li6n tidp cria m6t cdp s6 cQng."

Chi cdn x6t trtidng hop sau dAy ld dir dd thdy d6 to6n tr6n
tac6 k

*B:4+B:7:

z, d6ngthdi ta cringcci

li

sai.

Thit

vAy, vdi

n:

7 vd

k=

,q= h.:35;
"l: #:21;"9: #.:

4,

r.

Nhrr vAy, c6c s6 dang x6t ln 3 sd hang li6n tidp cta cdp sd c6ng vdi s6 h4ng ddu ld 35 vd c6ng sai
rn

-14 ( !).
DANG KV PHONG

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tai TTVT Nhi xudt bAn Girio dsc

In tai Nhd mdy in Di6n H6ng - 57 GiAng V6
In xong vd nQp lrtu chidu thSng 511996
S6p chtr

Gi6: 2000d
IIai nghin tlbng