AnNajahNationalUniversity

INTELLIGENTBATTERYCHARGER
By
Almotasemaqel
Ahmadnidal
Year:20142015

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ABSTRACT
The intention of the project is to design a battery charger that could intelligently charge several
different types of batteries, using PIC control with voltage and temperature feedback from the battery.
The charger is designed to charge AA NiMH, AAA NiCad, Li-Ion batteries with constant voltage and
constant current modes, depending on each batterys physical characteristics and ideal charge profile.
Each batterys charging process is broken up into distinct stages, in which the charge rate and the type
of charge are varied. The charger takes 220V AC input that is converted to a constant current or
constant voltage DC output.
The device consists of rectifier, filter, and regulator circuits, which will remain unchanged for each
different charging process. For each given stage, the PIC will generate a PWM signal based on a
calculated duty cycle value, which will then control the level of the voltage and current outputted to the
battery by adjusting the duty cycle of the buck converter.

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TABLEOFCONTENTS
1.

INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................1
1.1Purpose...............................................................................................................................1
1.2Specifications......................................................................................................................1
1.3Subprojects.........................................................................................................................2
1.3.1ACDC.............................................................................................................................2
1.3.2BuckConverter................................................................................................................3
1.3.35VSupplyRail...............................................................................................................3
1.3.4PIC...................................................................................................................................3
1.3.5LCD.................................................................................................................................3

2.

DESIGNPROCEDURE...........................................................................................................4
2.1ACDCDesign....................................................................................................................4
2.2BuckConverterDesign.......................................................................................................5
2.35VSupplyRailDesign......................................................................................................6
2.4PIC...6
2.5LCD..9
3.DesignSimulating.11

4. CONCLUSIONS....................................................................................................................15
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1.INTRODUCTION
The intention of the project is to design a battery charger that could intelligently charge several
different types of batteries, using PIC control with voltage and temperature feedback from the battery.
The charger is designed to charge AA NiMH, AAA NiCad, Li-Ion batteries with constant voltage and
constant current modes, depending on each batterys physical characteristics and ideal charge profile.
Each batterys charging process is broken up into distinct stages, in which the charge rate and the type
of charge are varied. The charger takes 220V AC input that is converted to a constant current or
constant voltage DC output.
The device consists of rectifier, filter, and regulator circuits, which will remain unchanged for each
different charging process. For each given stage, the PIC will generate a PWM signal based on a
calculated duty cycle value, which will then control the level of the voltage and current outputted to the
battery by adjusting the duty cycle of the buck converter.
1.1 Purpose
Manybatterychargersonthemarkettodayuseverysimple,unregulatedchargingtechniqueswithout
intelligent control, which can dramatically decrease battery performance. This brute method of
chargingcanleadtooverchargingoroverheatingofthebattery,whichisnotgoodforthebattery.
Other chargers use intelligent design, but have their functionality limited to NiMH/NiCad dual
charging, which means that the average consumer must have multiple chargers for his multiple
rechargeablebatteries.Throughthisproject,wehopetodesignanintelligentchargerthatiscapableof
chargingseveralkindsofbatterieswithcare,whichwillimprovebatterylifeandresultinincreased
consumerconveniencefromthepossessionofamoreuniversalcharger.Wealsobelievethatthis
designwillresultinimprovedenergyefficiencyduringthechargingprocess.
1.2 Specifications
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Theprojectwassplitupintomodulesasseenbelow:

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