Unit 001 Responding To Incidents, Hazardous Conditions

And Emergencies In Processing Industries Operations

K1. How to select, use and care for PPE (e.g. sight/hearing protection, gloves,
footwear, hard hats, and respirators):
Choose the correct PPE for any hazardous task on plant site such as helmet,
overalls, safety boots, ear muffs and safety gloves. Use the PPE that make the
operators comfortable, it means that the PPE should be fixed. All types of PPE have
a life time, so these must be changed with a new one.
Selecting the correct PPE for any hazardous task on plant will be given
as training during plant induction. Standard PPE will be issued
consisting of hard hat, overalls, safety boots, LEP, ear defenders and
safety gloves. Through the use of COSSH assessments and PTW you will
be made aware of any other types of PPE to wear and how to care for
the types stipulated. All types of PPE have a time/life span so these
must be adhered to, with it being essential to change out of date or
damaged equipment. The plant itself should be well sign posted to
state what PPE to wear if there was any doubt about this you should
consult with the plants safety file instructions, MSDS/COSHH sheets and
with my shift manager.

K2. What are the implications of statutory (e.g. HASAWA and COSHH) and
organisational requirements:
HASAWA this is the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974. This Act gives
specificand describes the legal responsibilities for employers and , employees and
other groups in regardswith respect to to health and safety at any work place.
COSHH stands foris the Control of Substance Hazardous to Health, this and relates
to any substance that can could cause physical harm. This which mmay include
substances used directly in the your workplace whether solids, liquids gases or
biological material. These could be , ssubstances generated during the work
activities, naturally occur substances and biological agents such as bacteria. These
come in 4 forms, solids, liquids, gases and biological and can cause injuries with
major and long term consequences. The COSHH regulations of 2002 supplement
the general duties of the HASAWA and for the organization to comply there are
various duties for both employers and employeesCOSHH regulations supplement
HASAWA and describes the responsibility of both employers and employees.
Employers are required to ensure that the appropriate plans, systems and controls
procedures are in place to effectively manage incidents accidents or emergencies
and that staff are appropriately trained
COMAH is the Control of Major Accidents and Hazards it was amended in 2005. The
main aim of these regulations is to prevent and mitigate the effects of major
accidents involving dangerous substances like chlorine, LPG, arsenic and explosives
which could cause serious damage/ harm to the people and/or the environment

Unit 001 Responding To Incidents, Hazardous Conditions

And Emergencies In Processing Industries Operations
COSHH stands for the Control of Substance Hazardous to Health, this
relates to any substance that can cause physical harm which may
include substances used directly in your work, substances generated
during the work activities, naturally occurring substances and biological
agents such as bacteria. These come in 4 forms, solids, liquids, gases
and biological and can cause injuries with major and long term
consequences. The COSHH regulations of 2002 supplement the general
duties of the HASAWA and for the organization to comply there are
various duties for both employers and employees. Employers should
ensure that risks are assessed, identify the precautions required to
prevent or adequately control exposure by ensuring these controls are
used, maintained, monitored and to carry out appropriate health
surveillance. Also, employers must prepare plans and procedures to
deal with accidents and ensure employees are informed. In regards to
employees it states that they use health and safety precautions, follow
the correct procedures and corporate with monitoring and health
surveillance.
COMAH is the Control of Major Accidents and Hazards it was amended
in 2005. The main aim of these regulations is to prevent and mitigate
the effects of major accidents involving dangerous substances like
chlorine, LPG, arsenic and explosives which could cause serious
damage/ harm to the people and/or the environment. They are
controlled by a Competent Authority which brings together 3
government bodies (HSE, EA in England and Wales and HSE and the
Scottish Environment protection Agency (SEPA) in Scotland). They
enforce the COMAH regulations by ensuring those responsible for
creating a risk meet their responsibilities to manage them with suitable
emergency arrangements in place which work. It must assure people
who live and work near a hazardous site that the activities at the site
take into account their safety and the surrounding environment.
Industries must also recognize that individual failures undermine the
sector as a whole so widespread support from each other will only
enhance and create confidence in them when conducting their
activities.
HASAWA this is the Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974. This Act
gives specific the legal responsibilities for employers, employees and
other groups in regards to health and safety at a work place. It requires
that employers protect so far as reasonably practicable the health,
safety and welfare of all employees. The employers do this by providing
and maintaining equipment and work systems that are safe; deal with
substances such as chemicals safely; provide information, instruction
training and supervision; maintain safe and healthy workplaces with
necessary facilities and provide a health and safety policy statement
when employing five or more people. In
regards to the employees legal responsibility it states that the
employees must take care of their own and other employees health and
safety at the work; co-operate with the employer; report dangerous
situations to their supervisors or employer and not misuse or interfere
with anything provided for health and safety purposes.

Unit 001 Responding To Incidents, Hazardous Conditions

And Emergencies In Processing Industries Operations

K3. How to interpret operational requirements (e.g. policies, procedures,

instructions, codes of practice, standards, and schedules):
A companys operational requirement is totally dependent on the type of business,
the way it wants to operate and what goal it is looking at achievingthe companys
vision, mission and objective. Policies, Companies sum up their policies into three
major key deliverables: Cost, Commercialization and Compliance and it has
developed pProcedures and Instructions are usually developed to meet various
compliance requirements eg HSSE, Accounting or Environmental and compliance is
measured against establish standards such as ISO or internationally recognised
codes of practice. to address and meet these key deliverables to make them
achievable. It brings about the relationship between companies Policies, its
procedures, standards codes of practice and instructions. Looking at Compliance as
a key deliverable, this sums up a number of policy statements which are related to
health and safety compliance and environmental compliance; to be able to attain this
compliance a company would ensure that it has written procedures on how it will
operate to ensure they are meeting complianceCompany procedures should be
smart and realistic in order to achieve the required compliance.

K4. What are the emergency procedures for plant and site:
Emergency procedures are a critical part of plant documentation and are usually The
emergency procedures for the plant and site have to be kept in one folder within the
central control room (CCR) that every worker can easily to findlocate in the event of
an emergency. All employees should be trained and aware of emergency response
procedures and where to locate having a copy offor the emergency procedures, so
they can know what action to be taken when the emergency situation occur. This will
include for example the location aof the assembly points, location of fire break glass
points, ESD points and how to activate and identify alarms. Full training should be
provided and kept up to date on a regular basis and everyone should know who to
contact for appropriate assistance

K5. How to work with and within the Permit to Work system:
The permit to work is a documented procedure that authorises certain people to
carry out specific work within a specified time. The forms of Permit to Work consist of
many subjects that have to fill before issued. The procedures have been identified,
provide a clear information and the hazards have been considered and control the
measures in plant site. In working within the Permit to Work system, all the
employees have been considered and always communicate when there is a doubt
occurs.

Unit 001 Responding To Incidents, Hazardous Conditions

And Emergencies In Processing Industries Operations

K6. What are the types of incidents which should be reported (to include fire;
flood; toxic vapour and/or liquid release; uncontrolled release of
hydrocarbons; explosions; injured personnel; major plant or service failure):
All incidents such as described in the question should be reported whether it is a
near miss or actual incident. We can get lesson learned from the incidents and
educate us to prevent any occurrence again. Also, if an incident happens for
example a fire, flood, toxic vapour and liquid release of hydrocarbons, explosions,
injured personnel and major plant or services failure have to be informed with clear
information that can could be used as evidences in an incident or accident report.
Authorities such as HSSE should always be notified of incidents/accidents and
reported on a regular basis. This is a legal requirement.
K7. How the alarm should be raised for each type of incident:
Actually all the plants have a routine alarm sounded, in order to tell to everyone, so
that the personnel know and fully understand what action must be taken. In the event
of discovering a fire or toxic leak, the relevant alarm must be sounded so the plant
personnel can be evacuated to the correct assembly point.
K8. How to access, interpret and implement site emergency plans;
environmental procedures; plant emergency procedures:
By keeping all the procedures in plant control room, so that everyone can easily to
find access. The procedures will contain all the information required to safely and
environmentally operate the plant. Also, everyone have to be trained in order to
make them understand how to follow the procedures. Implementation of these
procedures has to be practiced every certain time.
K9. How to communicate effectively (e.g. verbal; written):
Effective communication is very important to maintain among workers since
everyone might have different responsibilities, this it is possible that everyone may
be in different place. It has to be ensured that everyone is safe when carrying out the
work. In addition maintaining constant communication is necessary for example an
operator to get the assistance needed in monitoring operational parameters in safe
manner.
K10. What is the procedure for responding at an early stage of an incident (to
include fire; flood; toxic vapour and/or liquid release; uncontrolled release of
hydrocarbons; explosives; injured personnel; major plant or service failure):
All the plants has a procedures that included of each incidents, the type of incident
procedures contain what action, hoe to identify, how to mnage, and so on. For
example, if work area has the potential for toxic releases there will be early warning
sensor alarms posted around the plant. Also, major plant service occurs, the ESD
will automatically activated in order to keep the process plant. By responding to any
alarm in the correct manner, which could be just to evacuate your position and head
for the nearest assembly point.

Unit 001 Responding To Incidents, Hazardous Conditions

And Emergencies In Processing Industries Operations
K11. What are your own responsibilities during emergencies:
By following the plant emergency procedures for example find the fire glass and
break it, inform to supervisor and evacuate everyone to assembly point.
K12. What are the potential incidents within your area of responsibility and the
actions to be taken:
The potential incident in my area is exposed with chemical, so that the adequate
PPE should be provided. Do the job in safe manner, but when the incidents happen.
You have to evacuate the worker to safe area, wash the chemical suit, inform to
supervisor and call the paramedic.
K13. What is the need for and use of emergency equipment:
The plant need emergency equipment for example fire extinguishers, to help people,
to keep safe, to contain an incident and to help the emergency services in dealing
with an emergency situation. Even though the plants has a emergency team but
every workers have to be know how to use the fire extinguishers and first aid skills.
K14. What is the appropriate first response to casualties:
Firstly, shout for help so that the nearest worker will hear you. Then call for help to
the control room. If the casualty was conscious I would make the person as
comfortable as possible but would not move the casualty. if the casualty unconscious
but still breathing, we should not try to move the casualty to prevent an internal injury
that can cause the situation getting worse. If there are two casualties, the
unconscious one should be helped first then check the airway and pulse before
helping the conscious casualty because the casualty can take care of themselves.
While waiting for the paramedic, we have to keep the casualty calm and warm.
K15. What would be the effect of the emergency on plant, equipment and
personnel:
Because of the nature of the emergency plant, equipment and personnel could be
catastrophic. These can result environmental issues, moral issues, such as loss of
jobs, the death of workers and even the community who live in the area and
economic for example company loss as well as damage to property.