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SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
WIRES
Represents a conductor that conducts
Wires
Connected Wires
Dot shows the junction point.
Terminal
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Represents a number of conductors joined
Bus Line
together to form a bus wire.
SWITCHES
Push Button
(Normally Open)
Push Button
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Double pole double throw is the full form of
DPDT. This can be defined as two
Dpdt Switch
independent SPDT switches. This can connect
the four circuits by changing the position.
This switch is operated by rotation. This has 3
3 Position Rotary
positions. Often used in fan control, citizen
or Multi Switch
band radio and tuning.
5 Position Rotary This switch is operated by rotation. This has 5
or Multi Switch
positions.
This represents the relay switch. This can
Relay Switch
SOURCES
AC Supply
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Current source is used to deliver or absorb
Pulse Generator
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Triangular Wave
GROUND SYMBOLS
It is equivalent to theoretical 0V and is used as
Ground
Signal Ground
grounds in a circuit due to the voltage drops in
a circuit.
Connected to the chassis of the circuit. It is the
frame or box in which the circuit is built. It acts
Chassis Ground
as a barrier between user and the circuit and
prevents electric shock.
RESISTOR SYMBOLS
It is a device that opposes the flow of current
Fixed Resistor
VARIABLE RESISTOR
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
It is a three terminal variable resistor which
acts as an adjustable voltage divider. It is used
Potentiometer
in power supplies that produce varying DC
voltages like volume controls or joysticks.
It is a two terminal variable resistor. They are
generally used to control the current in the
Rheostat
Preset
of it with the help of a screw driver. They are
used to adjust the sensitivity of the circuit like
temperature or light.
It is a temperature sensitive resistor. They are
Thermistor
Varistor
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
voltage surges and excessive transient
voltages.
They are also called as Magnetic Dependent
Resistors (MDR). The resistance of magneto
resistor varies according to the external
Magneto Resistor
magnetic field strength. They are used in
electronic compass, ferrous material detection,
position sensors etc.
They are also called as Photo Resistors. The
resistance of LDR varies with the intensity of
LDR
the light incident on it. They are generally used
in light sensing applications.
A wire-wound type fixed resistor with one or
Tapped resistor
Attenuator
dividers and hence can be classified in the
family of the resistors.
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Memristor is a device derived from the word
memory resistor. The resistance of memristor
is varied according to the direction of flow of
Memristor
charge. Memristors can be used in signal
processing, logic/computation, non-volatile
memory etc.
CAPACITOR SYMBOLS
Capacitor stores the charge in the form of
electrical energy. These two symbols are used
Non Polarized
Capacitor
Polarized
Capacitor
Electrolytic
Capacitor
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Feed through
Capacitor
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Core material, in this type of inductors is made
Ferrite Core
Inductors
Center Tapped
These are used in coupling of signals,
Inductors
Movable ferrite magnetic core variable
inductors are most common. The inductance
Variable Inductors
is varied by sliding the core in or out of the
coil.
DIODES
A PN junction diode allows the current to flow
only in forward bias condition. These diodes
Pn Junction Diode
can be used in clipping and clamping circuits ,
as rectifiers in dc circuits etc.
Zener Diode
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
voltage protection circuits.
Photodiode detects the light energy and
converts it into current or voltage by a
Photodiode
mechanism called photoelectric effect. These
are used in CD players , Cameras etc.
Light emitting diode is similar to PN junction
diode but they emit energy in the form of light
Led
instead of heat. These are mostly used in
indication , lightening applications.
Varactor diode is called varicap or variable
capacitance diode. The capacitance of this
Varactor Diode
Schottky Diode
rapidly. Used in voltage clamping, rectifiers,
reverse current and discharge protection
Shockley Diode
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
switching applications.
This is also known as Esaki diode.It can
switch very fastly and can perform well in
Tunnel Diode
micro wave frequency range. This is used in
oscillator circuits and micro wave circuits.
It consists of four layers of alternating P and N
materials. They act as bistable switches and
Thyristor
are used in circuits where high voltages and
currents are involved.
Also called as Current Limiting Diode or
Constant Current
Current Regulating Diode. It limits the current
Diode
to a specified maximum value.
The laser diode is similar to light emitting
diode. The active region is formed in intrinsic
Laser Diode
TRANSISTOR SYMBOLS
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
It is made of combination of P-type
semiconductor between two N-type
semiconductors. It is switched ON when the
NPN
base-emitter junction is forward biased. They
are commonly used for amplifying and
switching applications.
It is made of combination of N-type
semiconductor between two P-type
semiconductors. It is switched ON when the
PNP
base-emitter junction is reverse biased. These
are used for amplifying and switching
applications.
Junction field effect transistor is a unipolar
device and is voltage controlled device. The
JFET
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
P-Channel JFET is made by p-type silicon bar
P-Channel JFET
MOSFET
operated in both enhancement and depletion
mode. They are used in SMPS, amplifiers ,
oscillators etc.
The enhancement mode MOSFET has
positive gate operation. It induces negative
Enhancement
charges into the n-channel and thus number of
MOSFET
negative charges increases, enhancing the
channel conductivity.
The depletion mode has negative gate
Depletion
operation. This decreases the width of the
MOSFET
depletion layer.
Phototransistor
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
is used to enable the flow of current.
Photo Darlington Transistor is similar to
Photo Darlington
Darlington
Transistor
LOGIC GATES
This is the basic gate and it implements logical
conjunction. The output of the AND gate is
And Gate
high, only if both the inputs are high otherwise
both are low.
The OR gate implements logical
Or Gate
Nand Gate
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
gates
NOR gate is a not OR gate. Output of this gate
Nor Gate
Not Gate
negation. This gate inverts the input.
This gate implements exclusive OR logic. The
Exor
Exnor
Buffer
Tri-State Buffer
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Flip flop is the also a memory element but this
Flip Flop
AMPLIFIERS
An amplifier is a device that amplifies a
relatively small input signal i.e. it increases the
Basic Amplifier
power of the signal. They are used in
communication systems, audio devices etc
Operational Amplifier (Op Amp) is a voltage
amplifier with very high gain. The input is
Operational
differential. They are used in instrumentation
Amplifier
devices, signal processing, control systems
etc
ANTENNA
This symbol belongs to Aerial or Antenna. It
converts electrical power into radio waves. It is
Antenna
used in wireless communication to transmit or
receive the signals.
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Loop antenna is named after its loop like
shape of wire or other electrical conductor.
Loop Antenna
They are used as receiving antennas in low
frequency range.
It is most widely used antenna. They consist of
two bilaterally symmetrical conductive
Dipole Antenna
elements. Generally used in set-top TV,
shortwave transmission and FM receivers.
TRANSFORMER
Transformer is the basic element that transfers
energy in one circuit to the other circuit
through electromagnetic induction. They are
Transformer
generally used in electric power applications to
increase or decrease the voltage of AC
current.
Uses a piece of magnetic material as core.
Generally Ferro magnetic metals like iron are
Iron Core
used. The core has high permeability and is
used to confine the magnetic field.
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
The center tapped transformer is similar to a
normal transformer except that it has its
secondary winding divided into two parts with
Center Tapped
same number of turns in each part. This
results in two individual output voltages across
two line ends. Used in rectifier circuits.
The no. of turns in secondary winding is more
Step Up
Transformer
Step Down
Transformer
MISCELLANEOUS
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
The symbol represents the light bulb. The bulb
Light Bulb
glows when required voltage is applied.
This converts the electric energy to
Motor
mechanical energy.
Microphone
DAC
digital code to analog signals.
SYMBOL
COMPONENT
MEANING
Thermocouple