Faydra1

FaydraLackey
ResearchPaper
7/15/16
HUM104

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London,Paris,andBarcelonaaregreattouristattractions.Allthreecitieshavemany
formsoftransportationlikebus,taxi,train,walking,byriverandbyair.Peoplewholiveinthe
citiesusetheseformsoftransportationintheirdailylifetogotowork,shopping,getto
downtownandtheirplaceofworship.Themainquestionforthisprojectishowefficientand
convenientaretheformsoftransportationinEurope.
Therearelotsofwaystotravelbetweencitiesyoucaneithertravelbytrain,byboat,or
byairplane.Inhistorypeopletraveledbetweencitiesbyfoot,byanimal,orbyboat.Almosttwo
thousandyearsago,thewisementraveledbetweencitiesbycamel(Tradition,Matt2:1).Paul
traveledbetweencitiesbyfoot(NewInternationalVersion,Acts9:8),andbyboat(Acts27:2).
Thegovernors300yearsagotraveledbyhorse(300YearsofHistory).ChristopherColumbus
traveledfromEuropebyboathundredsofyearsagoin1496(Bio.com).Anewwaytotravelin
thenineteenthcenturywasbytrain.Thefirstairplanewasdevelopedinthetwentiethcentury
makingaanotherwaytotravel.Morewaystotravelarebeingdeveloped.
Today,inEuropepeopletravelbetweencitiesbyboat,bus,planeandtrain.Theairplane
andtrainmarketsareincompetitionforpassengerstotravelbetweenLondonandParis.
Beherensdidresearchonthecompetitionbetweenthetwooptionsoftransportationand
comparedthepurposeofthetripwhetheritwasforleisureorbusiness.Inthearticle,Intermodal
CompetitionintheLondonParisPassengerMarket:HighSpeedRailandAirTransportsays
TotaltraveltimeandthedistancetotheUKportasthemaindeterminantsoftravelers
behavior(Beherens286).Thepassengershaddifferentpreferencesonwhichtypeof
transportationtheywantedtotakewhetheritbethehighspeedrailandairtransport.Therefore
theairplaneandhighspeedrailcompetedformarketshare(Beherens283).

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WhilethereiscompetitionbetweenthetransportationoptionswithinEuropebetweenair
andrail,theLondon,Paris,andBarcelonaairportshavealotofpassengers.IntheBarcelona
airport,LozanofoundIn2007thespanishairportsystemservicedmorethan193million
passengersandhandledmorethan600.00tonsofcargo(Lozano139).Themaximumweight
yourluggagecanbeisfiftypounds(CheckedBaggagePolicy).Thatmeansat600tonstimes
2000poundspertonstimes1suitcaseperfiftypounds,therewasmorethan24,000suitcases
handledattheBarcelonaairportinayear.
InsideLondontherearemanywaysoftransportation.Theyhavedoubledeckerbuses,
taxis,riverboats,trains,andAirlineCableCars(TransportinLondon).Theyarenotonlytourist
attractionsbutthewaymostcommonersgetaroundinthecityofLondon.Thetransportationfor
LondonreportincludesthatThereare2.6mcarsregisteredinLondon.54percentofLondon
householdshaveatleastonecar(TechnicalNote12).AlmosthalfofthepeopleintheLondon
populationuseothertypesoftransportationotherthanacartogetaroundthecity.Thisdata
givesaveryintriguingthoughtbecausethatmeansthattheyhavetorelyonsomeoneelsetoget
themtotownortotheirwork.
Londonhasabicycleshareprogramthatallowscommonerstoincreasepublichealthand
physicalactivity.InthearticleTheimpactofpublictransportationstrikesonuseofabicycle
shareprograminLondon:Interruptedtimeseriesdesign,itsaysLondonhasapopulationof7.6
million,andanaverageof24milliontripsperdayin2007,40%ofalltripsinLondonaremade
bypublictransportation,38%byprivatemotorvehicle,21%onfootand1.8%onfootand1.8%
bybicycle(Fuller).Thepointincreatingthebicyclesharesystemwastodecreasetheuseof
motorvehiclesandraisetheuseofthepublicbicyclesharesystem.Bydecreasingtheuseof

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motorvehiclesitwillalsohelpthepublichealthbecauseitwilldecreasepollution.Bicycles
requirestrengthandendurancewhichwillalsohelpwiththephysicalhealthofthepeoplewho
usethebicycles.Thebicyclesharesystemisagreatwaytohelptheenvironmentandciviliansin
London.
InsideParis,thetransportationoptionsincludethemetro,taxis,bicycles,trains,buses,
walking,andriverboats(ParisTransportation).TheinternalchoicesoftransportationinParisis
similartothekindinLondon.In2014,thepeopleinthecitywhodrovecarswithalicenceplate
ofoddnumberswereallowedtodriveonMondayandevennumberswerenotallowedtodrive
butonTuesday(ParisCarBan).Thegovernmentenforcedtheserulesbecausetheexhaust
pollutionwasataunsafelevel.Sincethepeoplecouldnotusetheircarseverydaytheyneededto
useotherlocaltransportationsources.JustlikeinLondonthecommonerswillmostlikely
choosethetypeoftransportationbasedoncost,frequency,andconnectiondistance(Behrens).
InBarcelona,theinternaltransportationchoicesincludethemetro,taxis,carhire,buses,
andwalking(BarcelonaTransport).Barcelonahasacarsharesystemthatallowsthemtocalla
companycalledAvancarandchoosewhichcartheywantiftheywouldliketoleavetown(Car
Sharing).ThisisagreatwaytoownacarinBarcelonabecauseitisexpensivetoparkonthe
sideoftheroadandhardtogetaroundbecauseofthetraffic(CarSharing).Anothergreatwayto
getaroundthecityistowalk.TheBarcelonatouristGuidesaysthecitycentreisnotasbigas
youmaythinkwalkingalsogivesyoutheaddedbenefitoftakinginthebreathtaking
architecture(BarcelonaTransport).InBarcelona,itisencouragedtowalkaroundthecity
insteadofusingmotorvehicles.

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Thepredictiontotheanswerofhowefficientandconvenientaretheformsof
transportationinEuropewouldbethatmostcommonersinEuropeuseotherformsof
transportationthancars.InEurope,anotherwayoftransportationiswalking.Walkingisboth
efficientandagreatwaytoseethelandscape.Thenextstepofthisresearchistocollectdataby
askingquestionstothepeopleinthecitywhoareusingthetransportationintheireverydaylife.
Thisresearchhasidentifiedthemultipletypesoftransportationthathasbeenusedthroughout
timeandthechoicesthatareinEuropetoday.

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