"Gh.

Asachi" Technical University of Iasi

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Building Services
CIVIL ENGINEERING Training in English

PROJECT II
Civil constructions
DESIGNSUBJECT:

REINFORCED CONCRETE SHARE WALL

MULTI-STOREY BUILDING,
(Ug. + G + 4Fl)

STUDENT: BOBARU MARIUS

Year: III group: 3311
PROJECT ADVISOR: Sl. Dr. Ing. Radu PESCARU
Sl. Dr. Ing. Iaina BARAN

- - - I A I , 2009 - 2010 - -

1. Project Theme
The project consists in some elements of design for a building that can have one of the
following destinations:
block or flats,
hotel,
students accommodation building.
The structure will have monolithic precast reinforced concrete sheare walls, reinforced
concrete floor slabs and stairs, strip concrete foundations under the load bearing walls.
The project must contain information about:
the type and the structure of the walls, floors, foundations and roof;
the thermal and structural design and the constructive details of the elements already
mentioned.
The project consists of the following elements:
A. Written part:
1. The project theme;
2. Technical report;
3. The design of the walls and roof for hygrothermal conditions(thermal comfort, water
condensation in the slab structure), and the general factor of heat loss G;
4. The design of the shear walls for special load combinations;
5. The design of foundations.
B. Drawings:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Ground and current floor plan, scale 1/50;

Cross section trough the staircase, scale 1/50;
Foundation + underground plan, scale 1/50;
Roof plan, scale 1/100;
Constructive details.

References:
1. Romanian standard collection(STAS) vol. 2(elements of design).
2. P 100 Seismically design of the buildings.
3. Indrumator pentru proiectarea constructiilor civile, I.P. Iasi, 1985 (Ciornei etc.)

2. Technical report

The project consists in some elements of design for a building that can have one of the
following destinations:
- block of flats; hotel; students accommodation building.
The building has UG+G+4Fl and it is placed in urban area on a land with the natural slope
of 2% and connected to the city services facilities.
The structure will have:
- pedestrian or non pedestrian reinforced concrete flat roof;
- monolithic or precast reinforced concrete shear walls combined with lamellar frames;
- reinforced concrete floor slabs and stairs;
- elastic cross beam or mat concrete foundations under the load bearing walls and columns.
The envelope of the building consists of:
- load-bearing walls of reinforced concrete or non load-bearing walls of hollow brick or cellular
concrete
block masonry protected on the external face with al layer of efficient thermo insulating materials
(fireproofed expanded polystyrene for face wall, mineral wool rigid plates, extruded polystyrene
etc.);
- ventilated or un-ventilated could (insulated) terrace roof;
- the ground floor plate over unheated basement will be insulated on the ceiling of the basement;
- The doors and windows can be of multi-layer wood or PVC profiles with thermal insulating
double or
triple glassed window panels with Low CTE float glass. The windows will be provided with
ventilating
systems or with three opening positions in order to provide a adequate thermal protection and
natural
ventilation of the indoor space;
- the staircase is insulated and heated.
The project must contain information and details about:
- the type and the composition of structural and for envelope elements ( walls, columns, floors,
foundations, and roof);
- the joints of the main structural and for envelope elements;
- the heat conservation capacity of the building;
- the structural performance under the load combination that contain dead, snow, live loads and
seismic action.
The thermal and structural design and the constructive details of the elements already
mentioned.

3.Hydrothermal design of the envelope elements

3.1Estimation of general factor of heat loss G
Determination of the specific thermal resistance (R)

1.For structural external wall:

NO.

Layer

d
[m]

[w/mk]

R
[m2k/w]

Interior surface
1. Lime cement mortar
2. Reinforced concrete
3. Polystyrene
4. External plaster
External surface
TOTAL

0.01
0.20
0.10
0.005
-

0.87
1.74
0.04
0.52
-

Ri=1/8
R1=0.011
R2=0.114
R3=2.500
R4=0.009
Re=1/24

R=2.825

R=Ri +di/i + Re=1/ i+di/i+1/ e

R=1/8+0.01/0.87+0.20/1.74+0.10/0.04+0.005/0.52+1/24=2.825 [m2k/w]

2.For B.C.A. masonry external wall:

NO.

Layer

d
[m]

[w/mk]

R
[m2k/w]

Interior surface
1. Lime cement mortar
2. B.C.A.
3. Polystyrene
4. External plaster
External surface
TOTAL

0.01
0.25
0.10
0.005
-

0.87
0.27
0.04
0.52
-

Ri=1/8
R1=0.011
R2=0.926
R3=2.500
R4=0.009
Re=1/24

R=3.636

R=1/8+0.03/0.87+0.25/0.27+0.10/0.04+0.005/0.52+1/24=3.636 [m2k/w]

3.For floor over basement:

NO.

Layer
Interior surface

d
[m]
-

[w/mk]
-

R
[m2k/w]
Ri=1/6

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Cold flooring
Equalization screed (M100)
Reinforced concrete slab
Polystyrene
Lime cement mortar
External surface
TOTAL

0.03
0.03
0.13
0.10
0.012
-

1.16
0.91
1.74
0.04
0.87
-

R1=0.025
R2=0.032
R3=0.074
R4=2.500
R5=0.013
Re=1/12

R=2.894

R=1/6+0.03/1.16+0.03/0.91+0.13/1.74+0.10/0.04+0.012/0.87+1/12
R=2.894
[m2k/w]

4.For terrace:

NO.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Layer
Interior surface
Lime cement mortar
Reinforced concrete slab
Equalization screed
Vapor barrier

d
[m]
0.01
0.13
0.03
-

[w/mk]
0.87
1.74
0.91
-

R
[m2k/w]
Ri=1/8
R1=0.011
R2=0.005
R3=0.032
-

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

Protection layer
B.C.A.
Equalization screed
Diffusion layer
Polystyrene
Protection screed
Waterproof membrane
Gravel
External surface
TOTAL

0.08
0.03
0.25
0.03
-

0.27
0.91
0.04
0.91
-

R6=0.296
R7=0.032
R9=6.250
R10=0.032
Re=1/24

R=6.898

R=1/8+0.01/0.87+0.13/1.74+0.03/0.91+0.08/0.27+0.03/0.91+
+0.25/0.04+0.03/0.91+1/24
R=6.898
[m2k/w]
Determination of specific thermal adjusted resistance (R)
Element

Structural
external
wall

Masonry
external
wall

Floor over
Basement
Terrace
Window

U '

Thermal
bridge
V. j. corner out
V. j. current T
V. j. at cornice
H. j. at basement
H. j. current
H. j. current
V. j. corner out
V. j. current T
V. j. current T
H. j. at cornice
H. j. at basement
H. j. current
H. j. current
H. j. at basement
H. j. at basement
H. j. int. wall
H. j. at cornice
H. j. at cornice
Woodwork j.

1 ( * l )

R
A

[w/m]

l
[m]

*l
[w]

0.1
2*0.14
0.15
0.18
0.11
0.13
0.06
2*0.06
2*0.04
0.14
0.15
0.09
0.11
0.27
0.25
2*0.11
0.19
0.18
0.27

55.48
27.74
19.6
19.6
78.4
78.4
55.48
55.48
55.48
37.4
37.4
149.2
149.2
19.6
37.4
57.9
19.6
37.4
297

5.548
7.767
2.94
3.528
8.624
10.192
3.328
6.657
4.438
5.236
5.61
13.428
16.412
5.292
9.35
12.738
3.724
6.732
80.19

A
[m2]

R
[m2k/w
]

R
[m2k/w]

268.252

2.825

0.497

2.012

426.938

3.636

0.404

2.475

183.26

2.894

0.494

2.024

183.26

6.898

0.202

4.950

95.4

0.55

R'

1
U'

R specific resistance
specific linear coefficient of the thermal transfer process
l the length of the thermal bridge
A area of the element
Determination of global coefficient of thermal insulation (G)

1
A
3

0
.
34

n
[
W
/(
m
K )]

'
V
R
Vheated interior heated volume of the building
A- area of the outer cover element
n - the natural ventilation speed of the building, number of air changes per

hour
n =0.6

-correction factor of the exterior temperature

T iT u
T iT e
205
basement =
20+18

=0.394

Vheated=Abasement*l
l=5*hfloor-hslab
l=5*2.8-0.13=13.87 [m]
Vheated=222.3*13.87 [m3]

A Aexterior _ wall _ I Aexterior _ wall _ II Abasement Aterrace Awoodwork

'
'
'
'
R ' R '
R
R
R
Rwoodwork
exterior _ wall _ I
exterior _ wall _ II
basement
terrace
A 268.252 *1 426.938 *1 183.26 * 0.394 183.26 *1 95.4 *1

R'
2.012
2.475
2.024
4.950
0.55

 A
551.977
R'

[w/m3k]
G=

1
3083.3

+0.34*0.6=0.204

[w/m3k]

A heated 590.84
=
=0.191<0.50= GN =0.50[w / m3 k ]
V heated 3083.3

G=0.191<GN

Checking up the risk of condensation for a structural external wall

according to C107/3

20+18
1
T iT e
2.825
T Si =T i
R i=20
=18.3 P S , Si =2105[Pa]
R
8
T iT e 1 d1
20+18 1 0.03
T 1 =T i
+
=20
( +
)=17.8
R
i 1
2.825 8 0.87
PS 1=2039 [Pa]
T T e 1 d1 d 2
20+18 1 0.03 0.2
T 2 =T i i
+ + =20
( +
+
)=16.3
R
i 1 2
2.825 8 0.87 1.74
PS 2=1841 [Pa]
T iT e 1 d 1 d 2 d 3
20+ 18 1 0.03 0.2 0.1
T 3 =T i
+ + + =20
( +
+
+
)
R
i 1 2 3
2.825 8 0.87 1.74 0.04
T 3 =17.3 P S 3=133 [ Pa]
T T e 1 d 1 d 2 d3 d 4
T Se=T i i
+ + + +
=
R
i 1 2 3 4

 20

20+18 1 0.03 0.2 0.1 0.005

+
+
+
+
=17.4 P S , Se=132[ Pa]
2.825 8 0.87 1.74 0.04 0.52

Dew temperature
i=55%
Ti= +20 OC

=> r=10.7 OC
TSi=18.3 OC > r

RVi=di*i*M
RV1=0.03*8.5*54*108=13.77*108
RV2=0.2*21.3*54*108=230.04*108
RV3=0.1*30*54*108=162*108
RV4=0.005*4.7*54*108=1.269*108
iP Si 552340
=
=1287
100
100
P
85125
PVe= e Se =
=106.25
100
100
PVi=

[m/s]
[m/s]
[m/s]
[m/s]
[m/s]

4.Estimation of the loads and the loads combination

4.1.The geometrical characteristics of calculus of structural walls
External Structural Wall
Section I:
Area of the section:
[m2]

Am1=5.85*0.2+0.2*0.2+2.6*0.2=1.75
Active section area at shear force:
bh
k

A m , t=

k =1.2 for rectangular sections;

k=1.1 for sections in T and L ;
k=1.0 for sections in I and C;
A m 1,t =

5.850.2
2
=1.063 [ m ]
1.1

Section characteristics:
Position of the centroid:
Y G=

05.850.2+ 0.22.62.1750.20.22.825
=0.588 [m]
1.75

Z 1G =

05.850.2+0.20.20.2+0.22.61.4
=0.425 [m]
1.75

Moment of inertia:

I m 1=

][

5.85 0.2
0.2 0.2
+0.58820.25.85 +
+3.41320.22 +
12
12

0.2 2.6
2
4
+1.587 2.60.2 =5.518 [m ]
12

Section II:
Area of the section:

[m2]

Am2=3.75*0.2+0.2*0.2=0.79
Active section area at shear force:
A m , t=

bh
k

k =1.2 for rectangular sections;

k=1.1 for sections in T and L ;
k=1.0 for sections in I and C;
A m 2,t =

3.750.2
=0.681 [ m2 ]
1.1

Section characteristics:
Position of the centroid:
2

Y G=
2

ZG=

03.750.2+1.7750.20.2
=0.089[ m]
0.79
03.750.2+0.20.20.2
=0.01[m]
0.79

Moment of inertia:

I m 2=

][

3.75 0.2
0.2 0.2
+0.08923.750.2 +
+1.686 20.22
12
12

I m 2=0.997[m 4 ]

Data for the cross-beam

Distance between centers of gravity
L=5.40.588+0.089=4.901 [ m ]
Section depth of the fixed cross-beam:
a=0.35hr 0.40 [ m ]
a=0.352.2=0.77 [ m ] > 0.40 a=0.40 [ m ]
Length of the gap
l 0=0.6 [ m ]
Calculus length of the cross-beam:
l=l 0 +2 a=0.6+20.40=1.40 [ m ]
Moment of inertia of the cross-beam:
3

0.22.2
Ir =
=0.177 [ m4 ]
12

Active section at shear force:

A r , t=

bh r 0.22.2
=
=0.366 [m2 ]
k
1.2

Calculus of the equivalent moment of inertia

Rigidity of the cross-beam
6 E rI r L 3

L
l
1
1
=
=
=0.119
30 I r
300.177
1+
1+
2
0.3661.40
A r .tl 2
Er =0.25Em
Er =0.252710 9 [N /m2 ]
9
2
Em =2710 [ N / m ]

()

Kr=

Kr=

60.25271090.177 4.901 3

0.119=7.467109 [ Nm ]
4.901
1.40

Rigidity at distorsion

E mI m ,1 271095.518
=
=53.209109 [ Nm]
he
2.8
9
E I
2710 0.997
K m, 2= m m ,2 =
=9.613109 [Nm]
he
2.8
K m,1 =

Calculus of the coefficients and of the structural wall

2Kr
27.46710 9
=
=0.237
K m ,1 + K m ,2 53.20910 9+ 9.61310 9
I +I
1
1
5.518+0.997 1
1
=1+ m ,1 2 m , 2
+
=1+
+
=1.498
2
Am ,1 A m , 2
1.75 0.79
L
4.901
=

Global Moment of Inertia

L

4.901
4
I0 =
=
1.498=19.584 [ m ]
1
1
1
1
+
+
Am, 1 A m , 2
1.75 0.79

Equivalent Moment of Inertia

S =0.664
s=10.87

IeS=

SI 0
0.66419.584
=
=9.199 [ m4 ]
sSI 0
10.870.66419.584
1+
1+ 2
14 2( 1.063+ 0.681 )
H Am, t

Internal Structural Wall

Section I:
Area of the section:
[m2]

Am1=0.6*0.2+5.2*0.2+1.55*0.2+1*0.2=1.67
Active section area at shear force:
A m , t=

bh
k

k =1.2 for rectangular sections;

k=1.1 for sections in T and L ;
k=1.0 for sections in I and C;
A m 1,t =

5.400.2
=0.981 [ m2 ]
1.1

Section characteristics:
Position of the centroid:
Y 1G=

00.60.2+0.25.22.7+10.25+ 1.550.25
=3.20[m]
1.67

Z 1G =

00.60.2+ 0.25.2010.20.6+ 1.550.20.875

=0.09 [m]
1.67

Moment of inertia:

][

0.230.6
5.230.2
2
I m 1=
+3.2 0.20.6 +
+ 5.20.20.52 +
12
12

][

0.2 1
0.2 1.55
2
2
4
+1.8 10.2 +
+1.8 1.550.2 =5.890[m ]
12
12

Section II:
Area of the section:
Am2=3.6*0.2+0.2*0.6=0.84
Active section area at shear force:
A m , t=

bh
k

k =1.2 for rectangular sections;

[m2]

k=1.1 for sections in T and L ;

k=1.0 for sections in I and C;
A m 2,t =

3.80.2
=0.690 [ m2 ]
1.1

Section characteristics:
Position of the centroid:
Y 2G=

00.60.23.60.21.9
=1.628[m]
0.84

Z 2G =0

Moment of inertia:

I m 2=

][

3.6 0.2
0.2 0.6
+0.27223.60.2 +
+1.62820.20.6
12
12

I m 2=1.149[m 4 ]

Data for the cross-beam

Distance between centers of gravity
3.6
L=1.8+0.3+ 1+
+0.272=5.172 [ m ]
2

Section depth of the fixed cross-beam:

a=0.35hr 0.40 [ m ]
a=0.350.7=0.245 [ m ]
Length of the gap
l 0=1 [ m ]
Calculus length of the cross-beam:
l=l 0 +2 a=1+20.245=1.49 [ m ]
Moment of inertia of the cross-beam:
Ir =

0.20.7 3
=5.716103 [ m4 ]
12

Active section at shear force:

A r , t=

bh r 0.20.7
=
=0.116[m2 ]
k
1.2

Calculus of the equivalent moment of inertia

Rigidity of the cross-beam
Kr=

6 E rI r L 3

L
l

()

=
1+

1
=
30 I r

1
=0.6
3
305.71610
1+
0.1161.492

A r .tl 2
Er =0.25Em
Er =0.252710 9 [N /m2 ]
Em =2710 9 [ N / m2 ]

Kr=

60.252710 5.71610
5.172

0.6=1.03910 9 [ Nm ]
5.172
1.49

Rigidity at distorsion

E mI m ,1 271095.890
K m,1 =
=
=56.796109 [ Nm]
he
2.8
E mI m ,2 271091.149
K m, 2=
=
=11.07910 9 [Nm]
he
2.8

Calculus of the coefficients and of the structural wall

9
2Kr
21.03910
=
=
=0.03
K m,1 + K m ,2 56.796109 +11.079109
I +I
1
1
5.890+1.149 1
1
=1+ m ,1 2 m , 2
+
=1+
+
=1.47
2
Am ,1 A m , 2
1.67 0.84
L
5.172

Global Moment of Inertia

I0 =

1
1
+
Am , 1 A m , 2

5.172
4
1.470=21.976 [ m ]
1
1
+
1.67 0.84

Equivalent Moment of Inertia

S =0.395
s=10.87
IeS=

SI 0
0.39521.976
=
=6.738 [ m 4 ]
sSI 0
10.870.39521.976
1+
1+ 2
14 2( 0.981+0.69 )
H Am, t

4.2. Gravitational load evaluation

External structural wall

No.
1
2
3
4
Total

Layer type
Lime cement mortar
Reinforced concrete
Polystyrene
Exterior plaster

External masonry wall

Thickness
[m]
0.03
0.20
0.10
0.005

[daN/m3]
1800
2500
20
2100

gn
[daN/m2]
54
500
2
10.5
566.5

No.
1
2
3
4
Total

Layer type
Lime cement mortar
BCA masonry
Polystyrene
Exterior plaster

Thickness
[m]
0.03
0.25
0.10
0.005

[daN/m3]
1800
700
20
2100

gn
[daN/m2]
54
175
2
10.5
241.5

Thickness
[m]
0.01

[daN/m3]
1800

gn
[daN/m2]
54

Internal structural wall

No.
1

Layer type
Lime cement mortar

2
3
Total

Reinforced concrete
Lime cement mortar

0.20
0.01

Internal

No.
1
2
3
Total

2500
1800

500
54
608

masonry wall

Layer type
Lime cement mortar
BCA masonry
Lime cement mortar

Partiton wall

Thickness
[m]
0.01
0.20
0.01

[daN/m3]
1800
700
1800

gn
[daN/m2]
54
140
54
248

No.
1
2
3
Total

Attic

Layer type
Lime cement mortar
BCA masonry
Lime cement mortar

Thickness
[m]
0.01
0.10
0.01

[daN/m3]
1800
700
1800

gn
[daN/m2]
54
70
54
178

Layer type

No.
1
2
3
4
Total

Lime cement mortar

Reinforced concrete
Polystyrene
Exterior plaster

Thickness
[m]
0.03
0.10
0.10
0.005

Plate over

[daN/m3]
1800
2500
20
2100

gn
[daN/m2]
54
250
2
10.5
316.50

basement cold flooring

No.

Layer type

1
2
3
4
5
Total

Ceramic plates
Screed
Reinforced concrete slab
Polystyrene
Lime cement mortar

Thickness
[m]
0.01
0.03
0.13
0.10
0.012

Plate over basement warm flooring

[daN/m3]
2400
1800
2500
20
1800

gn
[daN/m2]
24
54
325
2
21.6
426.6

No.
1
2
3
4
5
Total

Layer type
Parquet
Screed
Reinforced concrete slab
Polystyrene
Lime cement mortar

Plate over floor cold flooring

Thickness
[m]
0.02
0.03
0.13
0.10
0.012

[daN/m3]
600
1800
2500
20
1800

gn
[daN/m2]
12
54
325
2
21.6
414.60

No.
1
2
3
4
5
Total

Layer type
Ceramic plates
Screed
Sound insulation
Reinforced concrete slab
Lime cement mortar

Thickness
[m]
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.13
0.01

[daN/m3]
2400
1800
1600
2500
1800

gn
[daN/m2]
24
54
48
325
18
469

gn

Plate over floor warm flooring

No.

Layer type

Thickness

1
2
3
4
5
Total

Parquet
Screed
Sound insulation
Reinforced concrete slab
Lime cement mortar

[m]
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.13
0.01

[daN/m3]
600
1800
1600
2500
1800

Stairs

No.
1
2
3
4
Total

[daN/m2]
12
54
48
325
18
457

Layer type
Lime cement mortar
Reinforced concrete
Concrete
Mosaic

Terrace

Thickness
[m]
0.01
0.13
0.08
0.02

[daN/m3]
1800
2500
2400
2400

gn
[daN/m2]
54
325
192
48
619

No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Total

Layer type
Lime cement mortar
Reinforced concrete
Screed
Vapors barrier
Definition layer
BCA masonry
Equalization screed
Polystyrene
Screed
Water proof membrane
Gravel

Thickness
[m]
0.01
0.13
0.03
0.08
0.03
0.25
0.03
-

[daN/m3]
1800
2500
1800
700
1800
20
1800
-

Notation of the internal, external walls and floors

gn
[daN/m2]
18
325
54
56
54
5
54
566

4.3. Walls load evaluation

Surfaces

Elem
.
type

gsolid
[daN/m2
]

gwoodworkl
[daN/m2
]

Ssolid
[m2]

Swood
[m2]

E1

241.5

60

8.84

1.8

E2

241.5

60

9.48

1.44

E3

241.5

60

7.08

2.16

9.24

E4

241.5

60

8.76

2.16

10.6
4

Stotal
[m2]

Gsolid
[daN]

10.6
4
10.6
4

2134.8
6
2289.4
2
1709.8
2
2115.5
4

Weight
Gwood
Gtotal
[daN
[daN]
]
2242.8
108
6
2375.8
86.4
2
1839.4
129.6
2
2245.1
129.6
4

No. of
simila
r elem.

GT
[daN]

8971.44

4751.64

1839.42

4490.28

E5

241.5

60

7.44

E6

566.5

60

E7

566.5

60

I1

248

60

I2

608

60

I3

608

60

I4

248

60

I5

608

60

I6

608

60

8.75

1.89

I7

608

60

9.03

1.89

I8

608

60

9.24

14.7
0
14.3
4
13.4
4
13.4
4
10.0
8
9.96
9
11.3
4

1.8

9.24

14.7

0.36

14.7

0
0
3.36
0
2.10

1796.7
6
8327.5
5
8123.6
1
3333.1
2
8171.5
2
6128.6
4
2472.3
1
6894.7
2

13.4
4
13.4
4
13.4
4
13.4
4
13.4
4
10.6
4
10.9
2

5320

0
21.6
0
0
201.6
0
126
113.4

5490.2
4
5617.9
2

9.24

108

113.4
0

1904.7
6
8327.5
5
8145.2
1
3333.1
2
8171.5
2
6330.2
4
2472.3
1
7020.7
2
5433.4
5603.6
4
5617.9
2

1904.76

16655.10

16290.42

6666.24

8171.52

6330.24

4944.62

14041.44

10866.80

11207.28

5617.92

Total

122749.1

4.4. Floor load evaluation

Elem.
type

Weight
[daN/m2]
Col
War
d
m
floo
floor
r

Surface
[m2]

Weight
[daN]

Scold

Swarm

Stotal

Gcold

Gwarm

Gtotal

No. of
simila
r elem.

GT

P1

469

457

7.40

10.3
6

17.76

3470.6

4734.5
2

8205.12

16410.24

P2

469

17.7
6

17.76

8329.4
4

8329.44

16658.88

P3

457

17.76

8116.32

32465.28

P4

457

14.88

6800.16

6800.16

P5(stairs)

619

14.8
8

14.88

9210.7
2

19210.7
2

9210.72

17.7
6
14.8
8
-

8116.3
2
6800.1
6
0

Total
Pterrace

133189.34
566

189.8
8

107472.08

4.5. Partition walls load

Weight of the wall
Element
type
P1
P2
Total

g
[daN/m2]

Gh
[daN/m]

Equivalent
weight
ge [daN/m2]

178
178

475.26
475.26

150
150

Area of
the plate
[m2]
17.76
17.76

Equivalent
weight of
the walls
[daN/m2]
2664
2664

No. of
similar
elements
2
2

Gh<150daN/m => ge=50 daN/m2

150<Gh<300daN/m => ge=100 daN/m2
300<Gh<500 daN/m => ge=150 daN/m2
Gh=178*(2.8-0.13)=475.26 daN/m
4.6. Variable load
Type of
plate
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
Total
Pterrace

Area
[m2]

qeffective
[daN/m2]

17.76
17.76
17.76
14.88
14.88

200
200
200
200
300

3552
3552
3552
2976
4464

No. of
similar
elemnts
2
2
4
1
1

189.88

75

14241

4.7. Snow load

q z= i Ce C t q z =0.8 1 1 250=200
0

C e=1
Ct =1
( 0 ;30 ) i 0.8

[ ]
daN
m2

Qeffective
[daN/m2]

Total
7104
7104
14208
2976
4464
35856
14241

GT
[daN]
5328
5328
10656

q z =250
0

[ ]

daN
(Bacau)
2
m

Qsnow = qz*Sterrace =200*189.88 = 37976 [daN]

4.8. Seismic load

Go=G1=G2=G3=G plate +G walls +0.4 ( qeffective + q partition )= 81545.28+ 122749.1+0.4 ( 35856+10656 )=222899.19

1
1
G4 =Gterrace+ G walls +max ( q eff , terrace , q eff , snow ) 0.4 + gattic =107472.08+ 122749.1+ 37976 0.4 +633 58.8=22125
2
2

Bacau

land acceleration ag =0.28 g

control period of the response spectrum T c =0.7[ s]

Fb = L Sd ( T 1 ) m ;

L =1 = 0.85 ( T 1 T c )
1

T 1 =CT H 4 =0.361C T =0.05 H =5 h e =14 [ m ]

S d =S e

T1
0.361 2
=14.645
=0.0483;
2
2

( )

S e =a g ( t ) ;
( t )= 0

Tc
0.7
=2.75
=5.332;
T1
0.361

0=2.75 ; T c =0.7 [ s ] ; a g=0.28 g=2.746[

m
] ;
s

S e =a g ( t )=2.746 5.332=14.645 ;
m=

GT
;
g

GT =G0+ G1+G2 +G3 +G 4 =1021688.71 [ daN ] =10216887.1[N ]

m=

G T 10216887.1
=
=1041476.76 [Kg]
g
9.81

Fb =1 0.0483 1041476.76 0.85=42757.82[daN ]

5. Diagrams for shear wall section.

5.1. Calculus of sectional efforts
Di
b

F =

F bI Dech
i

I Dech
n

42757.829.199
F =
=12340.12[daN ]
2(9.199+6.738)
42757.826.738
FbD =
=9038.78 [daN ]
2(9.199+6.738)
D1
b
2

FbD =F bD =9038.78 [ daN ]

FbD =FbD =12340.12 [daN]
2nF Db
q req, i=
( n+ 1 ) H
H=5he =14.00 [ m ]
n=5 floors
2nFbD 2512340.12
daN
q req, 1=
=
=1469.06
614
m
( n+1 ) H
D
2nFb 259038.78
daN
q req, 2=
=
=1076.04
614
m
( n+1 ) H
3

[ ]
[ ]

External Structural Wall (D1)

0,237
1,498
1.832
0.167
1.939
1.559
0.681
4.127
-1.882
7.482
-5.907
11.867

SECTION

5-4
4-5
4-3
3-4
3-2
2-3
2-1
1-2
1-0
0-1

m sqreq H 2
[ daNm ]
100
M I
M m ,i= d m,i [ daNm ]
I0
M d=

Sectio
n

ms

qreq
[daN/m]

H2/100

5-4
4-5
4-3
3-4
3-2
2-3
2-1
1-2

1.832
0.167
1.939
1.559
0.681
4.127
-1.882
7.482

1469.06

1,96

MD
[daNm]
4
(1*2*3)
5274.98
480.85
5583.07
4488.91
1960.84
11883.1
-5418.95
21543.35

Im1/I0
5

0,269

Mm,1
[daNm]
6
(4*5)
1418.96
129.34
1501.84
1207.51
527.46
3196.55
-1457.69
5795.16

Im2/Io
7

0,05

Mm,2
[daNm]
8
(4*7)
263.74
24.04
279.19
224.44
26.37
159.82
-270.94
1077.16

1-0
0-1

-5.907
11.867

Shear Force in section I

-17008.36
34169.33

M 5,4 M 4,5 1418.96129.96

=
=460.35 [ daN ]
he
2.8
M M 3,4 1501.841207.51
V 4,3 = 4,3
=
=105.11 [ daN ]
he
2.8
M M 2,3 527.463196.55
V 3,2= 3,2
=
=953.24 [ daN ]
he
2.8
M M 1,2 1457.695795.16
V 2,1= 2,1
=
=2590.30 [ daN ]
he
2.8
M M 01 4575.249191.54
V 10= 10
=
=4916.70 [ daN ]
he
2.8
V 5,4 =

Shear Force in section II

V 5,4 =85.60 [ daN ]
V 4,3 =19.55 [ daN ]
V 3,2=47.66 [ daN ]
V 2,1=481.46 [ daN ]
V 10=913.88[daN ]

-4575.24
9191.54

-850.41
1708.46

Axial Force

0.2
2

0.2
)2+ ( 10.20.2 ) =16.876[m2]
2
( 4.8+1.10 )1.85
1.851.85
A=
2+
2+0.21.85+
2
2
( 22+

I. Terrace

Dead Load from atic: 633*10.4 = 6583.2 [daN]

Snow Load: 200 *16.867 = 3373.4 [daN]
Load from plate:
Live Load: 75*16.867=1265.025[daN]
Self Weight: 566*16.867=9546.722[daN]
Total Weight: 20768.347[daN]
II. Floor 4
Self Weight of the wall: 566.5*26.874=15224.12[daN]
Load from plate:
Live Load: 200*16.867= 3373.4[daN]
Partitions: 150*16.867= 2530.05[daN]
Self Weight of the plate: 469*16.867=7910.62[daN]
Total Weight: 29038.19[daN]
III.Floor 3 = Floor 2 = Ground Floor = Floor 4 = 29038.19[daN]

Shear force diagram

Bending moment diagram force diagram

Axial force diagram