For a RCC column ,Pedestal is a common feature below GL(sometimes from PL)

It is generally 50mm to 75mm extra alaround

The advantages of the same are manifold
i)It gives addtional cover to the column reinf bars below GL
ii) It provides enlarged column dimension at the ground storey which
may help in reducing the slenderness effects
iii) For footing it may give relief by reducing the overhang.
also relief in punching shear
iv) where basement floor are there, it needs to be avoided
Yes, Ldc is development length in compression. But this will be governing the foundation depth and
not the development length in tension because for tension we consider the bar bended at the bottom
level which will be subjected to bearing stress due to the tensile force. which will be very high.
But for the development in compression we need to consider only the straight length of the rebar and
not bends.
Generally pedestal is provided from top of footing to GL. Sometime it is provided
150mm below plinth level also.
If depth of foundation is 1.50m below GL, footing depth say 0.5m, the pedestal
height will be 1.50-0.50 =1.0m
If depth of foundation is 1.00m below GL, footing depth say 0.5m, the pedestal
height will be 1.00-0.50 =0.50m
The depth is also sufficient for stress reduction in column bars apart from
higher bearing resistance at face due to increased area
The benefits of pedestal provisions are again listed:
(i) Increased column area , column bars thru it when enters footing may require
bond length(comp) based on lower comp stress in bar (the topic under discussions)
(ii) It reduces slenderness of columns (in case columns are not tied at plinth level)
(iii) Footing design is also economical due to increased section transferring the load
especially punching requirements
(iv)Requirements of higher cover to reinf bars(when in contact with earth )
for column bars is also fulfilled
When subjected to compression alone, we have to take the straight length only for bond. The length
beyond the bend is ineffective in compression but effective in tension. Also it is important to provide
ties throughout the length, to avoid buckling of bars.
Of course, as the load transfer in column is through bearing, only the extra load, which can not be
transferred through bearing, has to be transferred through bond, and it is enough if we provide that
much length. I think it is very clear and there is no confusion.

Column footings 75 kg/m3

Grade beams 100 kg/m3
Plinth beams 125 kg/m3

Main beams above 6m 250 kg/m3

Columns 225 kg/m3
Lintel beam 125 kg/m3
Sunshades 60 kg/m3
Canopy slab upto 2.0 m span 125 kg/m3
Staircase waist slab 150 kg/m3
Roof slab
(a) One way slab 80 kg/m3
(b) Two way slab 100 kg/m3
(c) Square slab 4m to 6m size 150 kg/m3