Barallas, Jomed B.

Industrial Waste Management and Control

BSChE/1220126

Engr. Florante Magnaye

The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 (Republic Act 8749)

The State shall pursue a policy of balancing development and environmental

protection. To achieve this end, the framework for sustainable development shall be
pursued. As such, it shall be the policy of the State to:
Formulate a holistic national program of air pollution that shall be implemented by the
government through proper delegation and effective coordination of function and
activities; Encourage cooperation and self-regulation among citizen and industries
through the application of incentives market-based instruments; Focus primarily on
pollution prevention rather than on control and provide for a comprehensive
management program on air pollution; Promote public information and education to
encourage the participation of an informed and active public in air quality planning and
monitoring; and Formulate and enforce a system of accountability for short and long
term adverse environmental impact of a project, program or activity. This shall include
setting up of a funding or guarantee mechanism for clean-up and environmental
rehabilitation and compensation for personal damages.
It mandates the various government agencies to do the following in support of the Act:
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) act as overall of

the lead agency; prepare a National Air Quality Status Report which shall be used as a
basis in formulating the Integrated Air Quality Improvement Framework; issue rules and
regulations in the implementation of the Act.
Department of Transportation and Communication (DOTC) in coordination with

the DENR in case of industrial dischargers and the DOTC, in case of motor vehicles,
shall, based on environmental techniques, design, impose on and collect regular
emission fees from all said dischargers as part of the emission permitting system or
vehicle registration renewal system, as the case may be; implement the emission
standards for motor vehicles
Department of Science and Technology ( DOST) with the DENR, other
agencies, private sector , the academe, non-government organizations and peoples
organization, shall establish a National Research Development Program for the
prevention and control of air pollution.

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) , DOST Local Government Units (LGUs)

together with the DENR shall develop an action plan for the control and management
of air pollution from motor vehicles with the Integrated Air Quality Management
Framework.
DOTC, DTI and DENR shall establish the procedures for the inspection of

motor vehicles and the testing of their emissions for the purpose of determining the
concentration and/or rate of emission of pollutants discharged by the said sources.
Department of Energy (DOE) co-chaired with the DENR, in consultataion with the

Bureau of Product Standards of DTI, DOST with the fuel and automotive industries,
academe and the consumers shall set specifications for all types of fuel and fuelrelated products, to improve fuel composition for increased efficiency and reduced
emissions.
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and astronomical Service Administration

(PAGASA) shall regularly monitor meteorological factors affecting environmental

conditions including ozone depletion and greenhouse gases.
Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI) with the DENR shall regulate all

projects which will involve the use of atomic and/or nuclear energy, and will entail
relaease of radioactive substances into the environment, incident to the establishment
or possession of nuclear energy facilities and radioactive materials, handling, transport ,
production , storage and use of radioactive materials.
Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) ,
Department of Interior and Local Governments (DILG) and the Philippine Information
Agency ( PIA) shall encourage participation of government agencies and the private
sector including NGOs, POs, academe, environmental groups and other private entities
in a multi-sectoral campaign.

The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 Republic Act 9275

The State shall pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with
the protection, preservation and revival of a quality of our fresh, brackish and marine
waters. . To achieve this end, the framework for sustainable development shall be
pursued. As such, it shall be the policy of the State to:

Streamline processes and procedures in the prevention, control and

abatement of pollution of the countrys water resources;
Promote environmental strategies, use of appropriate economic
instruments and of control mechanisms for the protection of water
resources;
Formulate a holistic national program of water quality management that
recognizes that water quality management issue cannot be separated
from concerns about water sources and ecological protection , water
supply, public health and quality of life;
Formulate an integrated water quality management framework through
proper delegation and effective coordination of functions and activities;
Promote commercial and industrial processes and products that are
environment friendly and energy- efficient;
Encourage cooperation and self-regulation among citizen and industries
through the application of incentives market-based instruments and to
promote the role of private industrial enterprises in shaping its regulatory
profile within the acceptable boundaries of public health and environment;
Provide for a comprehensive management program for water pollution
focusing on pollution prevention;
Promote public information and education to encourage the participation
of an informed and active public in water quality management and
monitoring; and
Formulate and enforce a system of accountability for short and long term
adverse environmental impact of a project, program or activity.
Encourage civil society and other sectors, particularly labor, the academe
and business undertaking environment-related activities in their efforts to
organize, eradicate and motivate the people in addressing pertinent
environmental issue and problems at the local and national levels.

It mandates the various government agencies to do the following in support of the Act:

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) act as

overall of the lead agency; prepare a National Water Quality Status
Report; issue rules and regulations in the implementation of the Act.
Department of Agriculture (DA) shall develop guidelines for re-use of
wastewater for irrigation purposes or as soil conditioner or fertilizer;
together with the PCG shall enforce water quality standards in marine
waters .
Philippine Coast Guard (PCG ) shall enforce standards and regulations
in offshore areas including the discharge of wastewater by ships;
together with the DA shall enforce water quality standards in marine
waters .
Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) - together with the
DENR and LGUs shall prepare a national program on sewerage and
septage management.
Department of Health (DOH) - shall provide specific health criteria and
data related to the promulgation, revision and enforcement of drinking
water quality standards.
Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System (MWSS) and Local Water
Utilities Authority (LWUA) shall contribute inputs relative to the
responsibilities of concessionaires and water districts in sewerage,
septage and sanitation management.
Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) , Department of Interior and Local Governments (DILG) and the
Philippine Information Agency ( PIA) shall prepare and implement a
comprehensive and continuing public education and information program
Department of Energy ( DOE) with the DENR shall formulate water
quality criteria and standards specifically for geothermal exploration that
encounters re-injection constraints, that provides adequate protection to
other users of water bodies downstream of the geothermal project.
Department of Science and Technology ( DOST) with the DENR shall
prepare a program for the evaluation, verification, development and public
dissemination of pollution prevention and cleaner production technologies.

Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 (RA 9003 )

a. Creation of the National Solid Waste Management Commission

(NSWMC), the National Ecology Center (NEC) and the Solid Waste
Management Board in every province, city and municipality in the country.
The NSWMC shall be responsible in the formulation of the National Solid
Waste Management Framework and other policies on solid waste, in
overseeing the implementation of solid waste management plans and the
management of the solid waste management fund. The NEC, on the other
hand, shall be responsible for consulting, information, training and
networking services relative to the implementation of R.A.No. 9003. The
Solid Waste Management Board of provinces, cities and municipalities
shall be responsible for the development of their respective solid waste
management plans.

b. Formulation of the National Solid Waste Management Framework; 10-year

solid management plans by local government units consistent with the
National Solid Waste Management

c. Mandatory segregation of solid waste to be conducted primarily at the

source such as household, institutional, industrial, commercial and
agricultural sources;

d. Setting of minimum requirements to ensure systematic collection and

transport of wastes and the proper protection of the health of garbage
collectors;

e. Establishment of reclamation programs and buy-back centers for

recyclable and toxic materials;

f. Promotion of eco-labeling in local products and services;

g. Prohibition on non-environmentally acceptable products and packaging;

h. Establishment of Materials Recovery Facility in every barangay or cluster

of barangays;

i. Prohibition against the use of open dumps;

j. Setting of guidelines/criteria for the establishment of controlled dumps and

sanitary landfills;

k. Provision of rewards, incentives both fiscal and non-fiscal, financial

assistance, grants and the like to encourage LGUs and the general public
to undertake effective solid waste management; and

l. Promotion of research on solid waste management and environmental

education in the formal and non-formal sectors.

Each Filipino living in the metropolis generates an average of half a kilo of solid
waste. With a population of more than 10 million, total waste generated in Metro Manila
alone could run up to more than two million metric tons every year. Much had been
written about the worsening problem of solid waste in Metro Manila and other urban
centers in the country. Even more were fora, seminars and conferences conducted to
discuss ways of solving the problem, still NSWMC aims to attain a zero waste economy.
They are encouraging every Filipino to manage our solid waste. Because at the rate we
are producing waste, we will soon find ourselves buried in our own trash. Or, shall we
say, we will soon be having more of our human-made mountains of garbage amidst us.
To help solve the solid waste problem, NSWMC highly recommended countrymen, the
formula, to adopt the 3Rs of Ecological Waste Management: REDUCE, REUSE, AND
RECYCLE.
While there were already efforts in the past to address the problem head-on, the
passage of Republic Act No. 9003 marked the turning point in the national development
agenda for improved solid waste management and resource conservation.