255-13

IEC

Tiu chun
IEC
quc t
255-13

xut bn ln th nht
1980

R le in
Phn 13 :
R le so lch phn trm

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IEC

mc lc

Li ni u
Li ta

on 1 : Phm v p dng v nh ngha

1. Phm vi p dng:....................................................................
2. nh ngha...........................................................................
on 2 : Cc yu cu
3. Cc gi tr tiu chun............................................................
4. Tc ng v chnh xc...................................................
5. Phng php biu din cc c tnh ca rle....................
6. Cc yu cu v nhit............................................................
7. Cc yu cu v c kh..........................................................
8. Cc gi tr gii hn ca min tc ng ca cc i lng cung cp
ph............................................................................................
9. Xung v dao ng................................................................
10. Cc c tnh ca cc tip im.......................................
11. Mc tiu th nh mc.......................................................
12. Cch in...........................................................................
13. nh du v ch dn...........................................................
14. Th nghim nhiu lon cao tn..........................................
on 3 : Cc phng php th nghim
15. Th nghim v chnh xc v v cc c tnh vn hnh.
16. Th nghim v nhit..........................................................
17. Th nghim cc c tnh vi dng in i qua..............
18. Th nghim v bn c kh..........................................

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IEC

y ban K thut in quc t

R le in
Phn 13: r le so lch Loi phn trm

Li ni u
1) Cc quyt nh hoc tho c chnh thc v cc vn k thut, c son tho
bi cc U ban K thut, trong c i din cc U Ban Quc gia c bit
quan tm n cc vn , th hin mt s nht tr Quc t mc cao
v cc ch c xem xt.
2) Cc quyt nh ny l cc khuyn ngh quc t, c cc U Ban Quc Gia tha
nhn theo ngha .
3) Vi mc ch thc y mt s thng nht Quc t, IEC mong mun rng tt c
cc U Ban Quc Gia nn tha nhn vn bn ca khuyn ngh Quc t v a vo
cc th l quc gia trong chng mc m cc iu kin quc gia cho php. Mi s
khc bit gia khuyn ngh ca IEC v th l quc gia tng ng, trong mc
c th phi c lm r trong th l quc gia.

Li ta
Tiu chun ny c son tho bi Tiu ban 41B: "Rle o lng" thuc U ban
k thut s 41 ca IEC: "Rle in".
Cc bn d tho c tranh lun ti cc cuc hp t chc Nice vo nm
1970 v Milan vo nm 1977. Mt d tho - Ti liu 41B (Vn phng Trung ng) 13 c trnh cc U ban quc gia ph chun theo quy tc 6 thng
vo thng 10 nm 1978.
Cc U Ban Quc gia ca cc nc sau y tuyn b nht tr tn thnh n
phm:

Cng ho Nam phi

c
c
o
B
Cng Ho DCND Triu
Tin
Cng Ho Triu Tin
an mch
M

Php

Nht
Nauy
Balan
Rumani
Anh
Thu in
Thu s
Th nh k

U ban K thut s 41 quyt nh sp xp cc n phm sau ny ca

mnh theo mt cu trc nhiu nc nh sau.
Cp
Cp
Cp
Cp

I
II
III
IV

Cc tiu chun c tnh cht chung

Cc tiu chun chng loi ni v ton b hoc mt phn ca mt h
rle
Cc tiu p dng ton b hoc mt phn cho mt nhm rle xc
nh

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IEC

Cc quy nh ring, hoc cc quy nh v mt loi rle xc nh

Tiu chun ny p dng cho mt nhm ring cc rle o lng c nhiu i lng o lng u vo, v cp bc l mt ti liu thuc cp III.
Cc n phm khc ca IEC c nhc n trong n phm ny
n phm 255-0-20: Rle in. Cc c tnh chc nng ca cc tip im
ca rle in
255-5: Phn 5. Th nghim cch in cho cc rle in
255-6: Phn 6. Rle o lng c nhiu i lng cung cp u vo
255-6A: Bn b sung u tin cho n phm 255-6 (1978).

R le in
Phn 13: r le so lch Loi phn trm

on 1 : PhM VI P DNG V NH NGHA

1. Phm vi p dng:
Tiu chun ny quy nh cc c tnh chc nng ca rle so
lch loi phn trm . Cc rle ny to nn mt nhnh h ring v cc
rle o lng c nhiu i lng cung cp u vo nh c nh
ngha trong n phm 255-6 ca IEC: Rle in phn 6: Rle o lng c nhiu i lng cung cp u vo, m cc gi tr c tnh
cn c nh ch to cng b. Tiu chun cng quy nh cc phng
php biu din cc c tnh chc nng v gi tr ca cc c tnh
.
Tiu chun ny p dng cho cc rle, dng pht hin cc s c
c th xy ra, c bit trong cc my pht in, cc ng c xoay
chiu , v cc my bin p. Tiu chun ny khng p dng cho cc rle
dng bo v thanh gp, cng khng p dng cho cc rle dng
bo v cc ng dy ti in bng cc h thng bo v so lch c
s dng cc dy kim tra ph chng hn. Tiu chun ny dng cho
phn ln cc rle so lch loi phn trm v cn cho c nhng rle c
s phn trm tng ln theo dng in i qua chng hn. Trong cc trng hp c bit, cc quy nh b sung c th c xc nh trong
cc tiu chun quc gia.
Mi th nghim thuc tiu chun ny u l th nghim mu.
Tiu chun ny ch dng cho cc rle ang mi.
2. nh ngha
V cc thut ng chung khng c nh ngha trong tiu chun
ny (c th tm xem thut ng k thut in quc t ca IEC (IEV),
n phm 255-6 IEC v n phm 255-6A ca IEC, ph bn th nht
ca n phm 255-6 (1978).

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IEC

Cc nh ngha sau y dng cho tiu chun ny:

2.1. Rle so lch
L rle, m theo thit k, dng p ng dng in so lch.
2.2. Rle so lch loi phn trm
L rle so lch m p ng b thay i bi mt dng in hm
c xc nh trc.
2.3. Dng in so lch
Trong mt rle so lch, l dng in bng hiu s i s gia
cc dng in quy nh i vo v i ra.
2.4. Dng in hm
Trong mt rle so lch, l t hp cc dng in i vo v i
ra, m tc ng ca n c khuynh hng chng li tc ng ca rle.
2.5. T l hm
L gi tr gii hn ln nht ca t s gia dng in so lch v
dng in (cc dng in) hm lm cho rle khng tc ng c, gi
tr ny th hin bng phn trm.
Ghi ch: nh ngha v t l hm khng xt n sai s, (khng th b qua c)
do dng in tc ng khc 0 gy nn k c khi khng c dng in hm . iu
ny phi c xt n khi thy cn.

2.6. Dng in i qua

Trong mt rle so lch, l phn ca dng in i vo tng,
cng c c trong dng in i ra.
on 2. Cc quy nh k thut
3. Cc gi tr tiu chun
3.1. Cc i lng cung cp u vo, cung cp ph v tn s.
Cc gi tr tiu chun ca cc i lng cung cp u vo, cung cp
ph, v tn s u c quy nh trong n phm 255-6 ca IEC.
3.2. Cc gi tr tiu chun tham kho ca cc i lng v yu t nh hng, v cc gi tr tiu chun v cc min danh nh v cc min cc
bin.
3.2.1. i lng v yu t nh hng
Cc iu kin tiu chun tham kho u c quy nh trong
bng I ca n phm 255-6 ca IEC. Ngoi ra, cc iu kin tiu chun
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cho trong bng I ca tiu chun ny cng p dng cho cc rle so lch
loi phn trm.
Bng I
iu kin tiu chun tham kho v dung sai i vi th nghim
cc i lng v yu t nh hng
i lng hoc yu t nh hng

Cc i lng
c
tnh
v
cc i lng
cung
cp
u
vo.

Dng in cung cp u
vo
- Dng in hm
- Dng in so lch
Gc pha gia cc i lng
cung cp u vo
Thnh phn mt chiu qu
trong dng in xoay
chiu
Gi tr t, nhng ni c
hiu chnh gi tr t

Cc i lng
cung
cp
ph

Thnh phn mt chiu qu

trong dng in xoay
chiu

iu kin tham
Dung sai i vi th
kho
nghim
do nh ch to cng b, hoc c quy nh
trong cc tiu chun quc gia, tr cc quy
nh ngc li trong cc iu sau y, hoc
trong cc ti liu cp thp hn
OO

2O

Zro
(xem ghi ch)

5 % ca gi tr nh
ca dng xoay chiu

do nh ch to cng b, hoc c quy nh

trong cc tiu chun quc gia, tr khi c quy
nh ngc li trong cc iu sau y, hoc
trong cc ti liu cp thp hn
Zro
(xem ghi ch)

5 % gi tr nh ca
dng in xoay chiu

Ghi ch: Trong cc trng hp c bit, trong vic o lng nhiu pha c tin
hnh ch bng
mt rle th nh ch to, hoc cc tiu chun quc
gia phi quy nh l cc iu kin tham kho p dng cho dng in i vo
no.

3.2.2. Gii hn cc min danh nh ca cc i lng v yu t nh hng. Cc gi tr tiu chun u c quy nh trong bng II ca n
phm 255-6 ca IEC. Ngoi ra, cc gi tr tiu chun cho trong bng II
ca tiu chun ny cng p dng cho cc rle so lch loi phn trm.
Bng II
Gi tr tiu chun ca gii hn cc min danh nh ca cc i lng
v yu t nh hng
i lng nh hng hoc yu t

i
lng
c
tnh
v i

i lng cung cp u vo tham

kho
i lng cung cp u vo khc i
lng tham kho
Gc pha gia cc i lng cung cp
u vo
Tn s

Min danh nh

Do nh ch to cng b, hoc c
quy nh trong cc tiu chun
quc
gia

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IEC

lng

Dng sng

cung cp
u vo

Thnh phn mt chiu trong dng

in xoay chiu ch xc lp
Thnh phn mt chiu qu
trong dng in xoay chiu

in p hoc dng in
Tn s
Dng sng
i lng
cung cp
ph

in

Thnh phn xoay chiu trong

dng in mt chiu (gn
sng)
Thnh phn mt chiu trong
dng in xoay chiu ch
xc lp
Thnh phn mt chiu qu
trong dng in xoay chiu

Do nh ch to cng b, hoc
c
quy nh trong cc tiu chun
quc
gia, tr khi c quy nh
trong cc iu sau y
0 n 12 % ca gi tr nh
mc ca dng in mt chiu
(1)
Do nh ch to cng b, hoc
c quy nh trong cc tiu
chun quc
gia, tr khi c quy nh
trong cc iu di y.

Ghi ch: 1) Gi tr sai s ny da trn nh ngha ca thut ng k thut

quc t (IEV 131-03-14) h s gn sng..

3.3. Cc i lng c tnh v cc min hiu chnh

Khng c gi tr tiu chun nh mc ca cc i lng c tnh,
cng khng c min hiu chnh. Cc gi tr v cc gii hn ca cc
min hiu chnh phi do nh ch to cng b.
3.4. T l hm
Khng c gi tr tiu chun ca t l hm. Cc gi tr hiu chnh
phi do nh ch to cng b.

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3.5 T s tr v v t s gii ta
Khng c gi tr tiu chun v t s tr v v t s gii ta, cc gi
tr ny phi do nh ch to cng b.
4. Tc ng v chnh xc
4.1. Tc ng
4.1.1. c tnh tc ng
Nh ch to phi cng b cc c tnh tc ng ca rle trong
cc iu kin tham kho, cc iu kin ny bao gm c s hiu
chnh tham kho ca mch so lch v cc gi tr hiu chnh cc i
v cc tiu ca cc mch hm, khi iu ny c p dng.
4.1.2. Min hiu dng *
Nh ch to phi cng b min hiu dng* ca cc gi tr dng
in hm
4.1.3. Dng in i qua cc i
Nh ch to phi cng b dng in i qua cc i, m di gi
tr s mch ra ca rle khng thay i trng thi. Rle phi c kh
nng chu ng mt dng in i qua t vo t ngt hoc ct
ra t ngt khi dng in t n gi tr cc i. Thi gian t vo
phi do nh ch to cng b, v t nht phi l 100 ms
Ghi ch: Gi tr cc i ny da trn th nghim, trong khng c dng in
so lch c , cn dng in i vo v dng in i ra (i qua) phi bng nhau

4.1.4. Hm bng cc sng iu ha

i vi cc rle c hm bng cc sng iu ha, nh ch to phi
cng b cc sng iu ha no l c tc dng hm v gii thch cc tng tc gia vic hm bng cc sng iu ha v vic hm bng tn
s c bn. T l hm ca mi sng iu ha i vi tc ng ca
rle cn c ch r. i lng ny c biu th bng phn trm ca
dng in so lch tn s nh mc . Nu cc gi tr khc nhau
u ch xc lp, hoc ch qu th gi tr cao nht phi
c ch r.
4.2. chnh xc
Vi rle so lch loi phn trm, khi nim v chnh xc p
dng cho cc c tnh tc ng v cho thi gian tc ng theo cc
iu kin tham kho. V cc iu ny nh ch to phi cng b cc
dung sai nh nc, nh c xc nh trong n phm 255-6 ca IEC.
4.2.1. Cc c tnh tc ng
chnh xc ca cc c tnh tc ng c th c biu din
bng th, bng cc ng gii hn cc i v cc tiu nh hnh 1,
trang 22.

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Mt khc, nh ch to cng c th cng b t l hm vi dung sai

cng hoc tr v min hiu dng ca dng in hn ch.
4.2.2. Thi gian tc ng
chnh xc v thi gian tc ng c th biu din bng
th nh hnh 2 trang 22, hoc c th do nh ch to cng b i vi
mt min quy nh v dng in so lch.
Ghi ch: Thng thng ch quy nh thi gian tc ng ti a.

* Cn c th xem tiu mc 2.3 ca n phm 255-6A

5. Phng php biu din cc c tnh ca rle

5.1. c tnh tc ng
Khi biu din c tnh tc ng ca mt rle cn c theo thit
k ca rle, nh ch to c th dng mi t hp dng in vo v ra
lm dng in hm.
Hnh 1 trang 22 nu ln phng php khuyn ngh v cch biu
din cc ng c tnh tc ng v cc gii hn gn lin. Gi tr
ca dng so lch c t trn trc tung, cn gi tr ca dng hm trn trc honh.
Ghi ch: 1) C th dng cc phng php khc ngoi phng php
th biu din cc c tnh.
2) Nu cn, v tt hn, nh ch to nn cng b cc c
tnh tc ng cho h
thng mt pha, v h thng ba pha
cng mt lc.
5.2. Thi gian tc ng
Hnh 2 trang 22, nu ln phng php khuyn ngh v cch biu
din thi gian tc ng v gii hn ca n i vi min dng in do
nh ch to cng b.
Nh ch to phi cng b thi gian tc ng ca rle, trong cc
iu kin chun, ti ba ln v mi ln gi tr tc ng ca rle so
lch, cho cc gi tr chnh nh cc tiu v cc i, nu c.
Khi cn thit, iu cn c tin hnh trn c s ba pha.
5.3. Hm bng cc sng hi
Hnh 3A ti trang 23 nu ln phng php khuyn ngh v cch
biu din bng th c tnh hm bng cc sng hi ca rle so
lch ch c mt sng hi hm
Hnh 3B ti trang 23 nu ln phng php khuyn ngh dng cho
rle so lch c hm bi nhiu tn s hi.
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10

6. Cc yu cu v nhit
Cc quy nh v nhit c quy nh trong n phm IEC 255-6A.
Ngoi ra, quy nh sau y p dng cho rle so lch loi phn
trm, khi mch so lch c nhit dung yu hn mch hm , th nh ch
to phi cng b nhit dung ca mch so lch .
7. Cc yu cu v c kh
Cc quy nh v bn c kh c quy nh trong n phm IEC
255- 6A
8. Cc gi tr gii hn ca min tc ng ca cc i lng cung
cp ph
Cc gi tr gii hn ca min tc ng ca cc i lng cung cp ph
c quy nh trong n phm IEC 255- 6A.
9. Xung v dao ng
Cc quy nh v xung v dao ng c quy nh trong n phm
IEC 255-6A.
10. Cc c tnh ca cc tip im
Cc quy nh v cc c tnh ca cc tip im cho trong n
phm IEC 255 - 0 - 20;
Rle in : cc c tnh chc nng ca cc tip im ca rle.
11. Mc tiu th nh mc
Cc quy nh v mc tiu th nh mc u c quy nh
trong n phm IEC 255 - 6.
Ngoi ra, cc quy nh sau y p dng cho rle so lch loi
phn trm :
1) Nu mch so lch c nhit dung nh hn, v do c gi tr
nh mc yu hn gi tr ca cc mch hm, ngi ta xem n c cng
gi tr nh mc nh cc mch hm cho trng hp c bit v o lng mc tiu th.
2) Nh ch to phi cng b mc tiu th gia mi t hp u cc
thch hp vi mch
vo :
a. Khng c dng so lch.
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IEC

11

b. C dng so lch bng dng i vo.

12. Cch in
Cc quy nh v cch in u c quy nh trong n phm
255 - 5 ca IEC : Rle in
phn 5; Th nghim cch in ca rle in.
13. nh du v ch dn
Cc quy nh v nh du v cc ch dn u c cho trong n
phm IEC 255 - 6.
14. Th nghim nhiu lon cao tn
Cc quy nh v nhiu lon cao tn cho n phm IEC 255 - 6.

on 3. Cc phng php th nghim

Tr khi c quy nh ngc li ca nh ch to, cc phng php th
nghim phi nh sau:

15. Th nghim v chnh xc v v cc c tnh vn

hnh.
15.1. Cc quy nh chung
15.1.1. Tt c cc yu t hoc i lng nh hng phi l cc gi tr
chun (trong phm vi cc dung sai th nghim) tr cc quy nh ngc
li nu trong tiu chun ny.
15.1.2. Cc i lng cung cp ph phi gi tr nh mc i
vi tt c cc th nghim, tr khi c cc quy nh ngc li nu trong
tiu chun ny.
15.1.3. Phng php t i lng cung cp u vo (ngha l t
ngt hay t t) phi do nh ch to cng b, nu nh khng c quy
nh trong tiu chun ny.
15.1.4. Cc th nghim v thi gian tc ng phi c tin hnh vi
dng in i qua
bng khng, v vi di cc gi tr dng so lch, m vi chng
nh ch to cng
b thi gian quy nh.
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12

Cc th nghim khc khi c mt dng in i qua phi c

tha thun
gia nh ch to v bn s dng.
15.2. Cc mch th nghim v cc phng php o c tnh ca
rle
Cc quy trnh th nghim trong iu ny u da trn c
s cc rle mt pha.
Khi ni n rle ba pha, cc rle ny cn c th nghim
vi cc t hp
thch hp ca cc dng in pha.
Bin ca cc dng th nghim ny phi l gi tr do nh
ch to cng b,
hoc l gi tr c quy nh trong cc tiu chun quc gia.
15.2.1. Cc c tnh vn hnh (hnh 4 A trang 24)
sau :

Vi cc rle so lch, cc th nghim u phi tin hnh nh

a. Vi I2 = 0, kim tra gi tr t ca role

b. Vi I2 c cc gi tr thp nht, cho Id tng cho n khi rle tc

ng.
c. Cho tng I2 n gi tr cc i. Li tng thm Id cho n khi
rle tc ng.
d. Lp li th nghim vi nhiu gi tr khc nhau ca I 2 cho
n gii hn ca
di o lng. Cc gi tr ny phi c nh ch to cng b,
hoc c quy nh
trong cc tiu chun quc gia.
15.2.2. c tnh v thi gian tc ng (hnh 4 B trang 24)
Vi cc rle so lch, cc th nghim c tin hnh nh sau:
a. iu chnh mc dng in vi cu dao trng thi ng.
b. M cu dao
c. t dng th nghim vo bng cch ng cu dao v o thi
gian tc ng.
d. Nu phi dng mt lnh ca pha ng th chn mt gc pha
no cho thi gian cc
i; nu khng c lnh th tin hnh 10 th nghim
vi mt gc ng ty
.
hn.

e. Lp li quy trnh th nghim vi cc gi tr dng in ln

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13

15.2.3. Cc c tnh hm bng cc sng hi (hnh 4 C trang 24)

C th dng quy trnh th nghim sau y :
Cho IF l dng in ti tn s nh mc, v I XF l dng in
tn s hi quy nh (xem hnh 3 A trang 23).
a. iu chnh IXF n mt gi tr ban u
b. Tng dng IF t 0 cho n khi rle tc ng. iu kin
cbun v gc
lch pha gia I F v IXF phi l iu kin do
nh ch to cng b.
c. Lp li, theo cc gi tr khc nhau ca dng I XF
d. Lp li im b) vi cc gc pha khc nhau gia I F v IXF ,
nu cn, v cc
ng cong b sung.
e. Khi tm c cc gi tr ti ch xc lp, th
nghim c lp li
ch qu bng cch ng thi
thit lp li cc dng in IF v
IXF lc u bng khng.
Th nghim c tin hnh sao cho khng c thnh phn mt
chiu qu
trong dng in c bn. Nu cn, tng I XF n mt gi tr
m rle khng tc
ng na.
16. Th nghim v nhit.
6 A.

Cc th nghim v nhit c tin hnh theo nh n phm IEC 255 -

17. Th nghim cc c tnh vi dng in i qua.

17.1. Khi lm th nghim, xc nh gi tr gii hn ca dng in
i qua m khng lm cho rle tc ng, th thi gian t dng
in vo phi do nh ch to cng b.
17.2. Vi cc rle c trn hai mch hm, dng in tng phi c
t vo mt mch hm nh mt dng in vo v chia thnh cc lng
gn bng nhau i qua cc mch hm khc nh l cc dng in ra.
Nu mt hoc nhiu cun dy hm yu hn, th phng thc tc
ng phi do nh ch to cng b.
18. Th nghim v bn c kh
Cc th nghim v bn c kh phi c thc hin ph
hp vi n phm IEC 255 - 6A.
Thm vo cc iu kin th nghim t a) n e) c quy nh
trong n phm IEC 255 - 6A, cn thc hin iu kin sau y cho
cc rle so lch.
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14

Vi cc gi tr dng so lch t 0 (c xem nh l gi tr ban u)

n 3 ln gi tr tc ng (xem nh l gi tr cui cng). Tr khi c tha
thun ring, dng in so lch phi c t vo mt cch t ngt
(xem hnh 4B, trang 24).

Dng in
so lch

Vng khng tc ng

Vng tc ng

Cc gii hn dung
sai trong cc iu
kin tham kho.

Dng in hm
gii hn min hiu dng

V d
nh

Ghi ch: Gi tr hiu chnh cn c cng b

Hnh 1 - c tnh tc ng trong cc iu kin tham kho

Thi gian
tc ng
Bi ca gi tr hin hnh
Dng so lch (Id = I1)

Gii hn trn ca thi gian

Bi ca gi tr
chnh t.

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IEC

15

Hnh 2 - Thi gian tc ng theo cc iu kin tham kho

Dng in
IF
IF : Dng in ti tn s
nh mc
IXF : Dng in ti tn
s hi quy nh

Vng tc ng

Vng khng tc ng

Ghi ch: Gi tr hiu chnh cn c ch r

Hnh 3 A - c tnh hm bng cc hi, ch p ng ti mt tn s hi
n

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IEC

Dng in IXF
ng

Vng tc ng

16

Vng tc ng

Vng tc

Tn s ca IXF

Hnh 3b - c tnh hm bng cc hi ch p ng ti cc tn s hi

khc nhau

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IEC

17
]

Hnh 4A - Th nghim xc nh c tnh tc ng

Hnh 4B - Th nghim xc nh thi gian tc ng

Hnh 4C - Th nghim hm bng cc hi

Hnh 4 - Cc mch th nghim

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