536 @ IEC 1976

- 1 -

U ban k thut in quc t

Bo co ca IEC

n phm 536
1978

Xp loi cc thit b in v
in t
bo v chng in git

327669471.doc 08/24/16

1 / 5

536 @ IEC 1976

- 2 -

U ban k thut in quc t

_______
Xp loi cc thit b in v in t bo v chng in git
_________
Li ni u
1) Cc quyt nh v tho thun chnh thc ca U ban k thut in quc t IEC
v nhng vn k thut, do Tiu ban nghin cu son tho v c tt c cc
Tiu ban quc gia quan tm, biu th trong mc cao nht s nht tr quc t
v cc vn ny.
2) Cc quyt nh ny bao gm cc khuyn ngh quc t v c cc tiu ban
quc gia nht tr .
3) Vi mc c thc y s thng nht tm quc t, IEC mong mun rng tt c cc
tiu ban quc gia hy chp nhn trong cc quy nh quc gia ca mnh ni dung
ca cc khuyn ngh trong iu kin v chng mc quc gia cho php. Mi sai
bit gia cc khuyn ngh ca IEC vi cc quy nh quc gia tng ng, trong
chng mc c th, cn c ghi ch r rng trong cc quy nh y.

Li ta
Trong cuc hp Venid thng 5 1963,Nhm T vn v cc vn an ton ( APSM)
chp nhn d tho v cc nh ngha lin quan n vic xp loi cc thit b
in v in t v cc bin php chng in git cng vi cc nh ngha m
rng; d tho ny c U ban quy nh quc t v xt duyt cc thit b in
CEE chp nhn,
Theo cc quyt nh ca U ban hnh ng hp Vnid 1963, d tho ny
c phn pht trong thng 12 nm ny cho tt c cc Tiu ban quc gia xem
xt . Cc kin nhn xt c nghin cu trong cuc hp ca APSM vo thng 5
1964 ti Aix les bains, thng 12/1964 ti Paris v thng 10/1966 ti Tel-Aviv v i
n mt bn d tho th hai. Thng Ging 1968bn d tho ny c phn pht
cho cc U ban quc gia xem xt vi s hiu 02( Vn phng trung ng)70 .
Trong cuc hip vo thng 11/1969, U ban hnh ng quyt nh bin i
APSM thnh U ban t vn v an ton ACOS , bao gm cc ch tch v th k ca cc
Tiu ban nghin cu ca IEC v an ton.
Nhng nhn xt ca cc U ban quc gia v bn d tho phn loi c ACOS
tip tc nghin c trong cc cuc hp Hoa thnh n ( 5/1969), Geneve
( 12/1970) , Bruxelles ( 6/1971 ) v baden-Baden (4/1972).
Mt bn d tho th ba a c son tho, vn bn ACOS( Vn phng trung ng)13,
v c tho lun trong cuc hp ca ACOS ti Geneve(1/1973). U ban hnh
ng, trong cuc hp Munich ( 6/1973) quyt nh mi C tham gia vo
nghin cu bn d tho xp loi cc thit b in v inj t v chng in git.
Cc cuc hp m rng ca ACOS, ngoi cc thnh vin ACOS v i din ca CEE,
cn c cc chuyn gia ca cc U ban quc gia gi bn nhn xt , hp ti
Geneve( 1/1974) v London ( 6/1974). dy ban hnh phin bn chnh thc
ca d tho , vn bn 01(vn phng trung ng)523, v c gi cho cc U ban
quc gia vo thng 10/1974 xt duyt theo Quy tc 6 thng .
Cc nc sau y tn thnh cho ban hnh :
CH Nam phi
Nht bn
c
Na uy
BPays bas
Canada
Ba lan
Ty ban nha
Ru mani
M
Anh
Phn lan
Thu in
Php
Thu s
Hungari

327669471.doc 08/24/16

2 / 5

536 @ IEC 1976

- 3 -

Th
Nga
Nam t

An phm ny l bn bo co ca IEC
Mt n phm IEC khc c k ra trong n phm ny l :
n phm No 529: xp loi mc bo v ca v thit b

Xp loi thit b in v in t v bo v chng in git

__________
M u
Bn bo co ny nhm hng dn cho U ban nghin cu ca IEC v ni
dung xp loi cc thit b ien v in t h p, ni vo ngun
in ngoi , bo v chng in git, cho trng hp cch in b
hng. Theo s xp loi ny, vic bo v phi c m bo bi mi trng, bi bn thn thit b hoc bi h thng cp ngun, cc kh
nng khc nhau s c trnh by trong bng 1 ca Phu lc.
Cc dng bo v khc cng c cc quy nh quc gia cp
n, th d nh mc bo v ca v bc thit b c cp
n trong n phm IEC 529 : Phn loa mc bo v ca v bc.
Bn bo co ny c xy dng trn cc th nghim thu c cc
in p nh hn v bng gi tr hiu dng 440 V gia cc pha v 250
V gia pha vi t cho nhng thit b c thit k vi mc tiu chi
tit nu trong iu 1. Tuy nhin, U ban k thut c th xem xt kh
nng ng dng mc in p cao hn hoc vi cc mc tiu
khc.
Cn ch rng vic xp loi v cc nh ngha c phi hp cn
thn v mc du rng U ban nghin cu c th ch cn s dng
mt phn no trong , cng khng c c mt thay i no khi
a vo trong cc Tiu chun ca IEC .
1. Phm vi p dng
Bn bo co ny nu ra s sp xp cng nu cc nh ngha p dng
vo cc phng tin bo v chong in git khi cch in b hng.
y khng nu chi tit cc quy tc thit k, ch to v th nghim
ca cc h thng ny.
Vic xp loi ny c th p dng cho cc thit b in v in t
( nhng khng p dng cho cc thnh phn ca cc thit b ) c
cung cp bng ngun in ngoi c in p khng qu 400V ( hiu
dng ) gia cc pha ( 250 V hiu dng gia pha v t ), c s dng
trong phm vi cng cng, trong nh, ni lm vic, nh my, trng hc
v cc ni tng t, cng nh cc ch phc v khm bnh v cha
rng.
327669471.doc 08/24/16

3 / 5

536 @ IEC 1976

- 4 -

Cc thit b h, khng c v bo v , ngha l cc thit b bn thn

n khng c mc bo v chng cc tip xc vi phn mang in
th khng xt y.

2. Cc nh ngha
2.1 Cch in chnh
Cch in cc phn mang in , nhm m bo ch yu chng li
cc tai nn in git
Ghi ch : Cch in chnh khng nht thit bao gm cc cch in
ch yu phc v cho cc mc ch chc nng.
2.2 Cch in ph
Cch in ph b xung cho cch in chnh bo m chng
in git trong trng hp cch in chnh b hng.

327669471.doc 08/24/16

4 / 5

536 @ IEC 1976

- 5 -

2.3 Cch in kp
L cch in bao gm va cch in chnh va cch in ph
2.4 Cch in tng cng
H thng cch in duy nht ca cc phn mang in , m bo
mc bo v chng in git tng ng cch in kp trong
cc iu kin c bit trong tiu chun IEC tng ng.
Ghi ch :

Thut ng " H thng cch in " khng c ngha l cch in phi

gm mt cht ng nht . H thng y c th gm nhiu lp c th
c th nghim ring r nh cc cch in chnh v cch in ph

2.5 Tng tr an ton

L tng tr gia phn c in p v phn dn in c th tip cn
c , c gi tr sao cho dng in , trong vn hnh bnh thng cng
nh trong khi thit b trc trc, c gii hn mt tr s khng gy
nguy him , v c ch to sao cho tin cy c m bo trong
sut tui i ca thit b .
Ghi ch : Cc chi tit v trng hp thit b trc trc, dng in khng gy nguy
him v cc yu cu v tin cy c cho trong cc tiu chun IEC tng
ng.

2.6 in p an ton ti thiu ( SELV)

in p khng qu 50 V hiu dng( xem ghi ch 1) gia dy dn hay
gia dy dn no v t, trong mt mch c cch ly vi ngun
cung cp bng mt my bin p an ton hoc mt thit b bin i
c cc cun dy ring r.
Ghi ch :

1. Gi tr dng mt chiu ang c nghin cu

2- Gi hn in p xoay chiu di 50 V hiu dng c th c quy
nh bi cc tiu chun IEC tng ng, c bit khi c ri ro tip
xc trc tip vi cc phn mang in
3- Gioi hn in p khng c vt qu c khi ti y ln khng ti,
nhng trong nh ngha ny , phi c hi l tt c cc my bin
p hoc thit bo bin i u phi lm vic vi in p cung
cp nh mcs.

3. Xp loi thit b
S hiu xp loi khng nhm ch mc an ton ca thit bo m
ch c ngha l an ton t c.
3.1 Thit b loi 0
L thit b m vic bo v chng in git ch yu da vo cch
in chnh; iu i hi l khng c mt quy nh no i vi
s ghp ni cc phn dn in c th tip cn c , nu c , vi dy
dn bo v nm trong mt cp c cch in , khi cch in chnh b
h hng, vic bo v l ch yu da vo mi trng.
3.2 Thit b loi 1
L thit b trong vic bo v chng in git khng ch da vo
cch in chnh , m cn c c mt bin php an ton ph bng cch
ghp ni cc phn dn in c th tip cn c vo vi dy dn
bo v c tip t, to nn mt b phn ca dy cp cch in
sao cho cc phn dn in c th tip cn c khng tr nn nguy
him trong trng hp cch in chnh b h hng.
Ghi ch :

1- Vi thit b c s dng cp mm, bin php ny bao gm mt

dy dn bo v l mt thnh phn ca mt dy cp mm.

327669471.doc 08/24/16

5 / 5

536 @ IEC 1976

- 6 2- Khi mt U ban nghin cu cho php l mt thit b thuc v loi

1 c mt cp mm 2 si , mt u c phch cm m phch cm
ny khng th cm vo mt c dy ni t, vic bo v s tng ng vi vic bo v ca mt thit b loi 0, nhng cc quy
nh v tip t t nht cng phi tho mn y cc i hi
ca loi 1.

327669471.doc 08/24/16

6 / 5

536 @ IEC 1976

- 7 -

3.3 Thit b loi II

l thit b vic bo v chng in git khng ch da vo cch
in chnh, m cn c cc bin php ph v an ton, nh l cch
in kp hay cch in tng cng. Cc bin php ny khng gm
bin php ni t bo v v khng ph thc vo iu kin lp t.
Ghi ch :

1- Trong mt vi trng hp c bit, th d nh vi cc u cc tn

hiu vo ca cc thit b in t, tng tr an ton c th c s
dng trong thit b loi II nu U ban nghin cu c thm quynf cho
php l tng tr an ton ny l cn thit v c th p dng m
khng lm gim mc an ton.
2- Thit b loi II c th c trang b cc bin php bo m s
lin tc ca mch in bo v, trong iu kin l cc bin php ny
l mt tng th ca thit b v c cch in b mt c th tip
cn c
theo vi cc i hi ca loi II.
3- Trong mt s trng hp , c th cn phi phn bit gia thit b
loi II" cch in hon ton " vi loi " nm trong v kim loi "
4- Mt thit b loi II trong v kim loi ch c th c trang b mt
thit b u ni v bng dy dn ng th nu s cn thit ny
c c nu trong tiu chun IEC tng ng.
5- Mt thit b loi II ch c th c trang b mt thit b u ni
t vi mc ch vn hnh ( khc vi ni t vi mc ch bo v )
nu s cn thit ny c c nu trong tiu chun IEC tng ng.)

3.4 Thit b loi III

L thit b vic bo v chng in git da ch yu trn vic
cung cp bng in p an ton rt thp (TBTS) v khng c cc
in p cao hn in p an ton rt thp TBTS
Ghi ch :

1- Mt thit b loi III khng c c cc ni t bo v

2- Mt thit b loi III nm trong v kim loi ch c th c trang b
cc thit b u ni v bng dy dn ng th nu s cn thit
ny c c nu trong tiu chun IEC tng ng.
3- Mt thit b loi II ch c th c trang b mt thit b u ni
t vi mc ch vn hnh ( khc vi ni t vi mc ch bo v )
nu s cn thit ny c c nu trong tiu chun IEC tng ng.)

______________

327669471.doc 08/24/16

7 / 5