IEC502 (Thu Nghiem Cap Luc Cao The)

502 @ IEC 1994
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Tiu chun
IEC
Quc t
502
xut bn ln th t
1994-08
Cp lc cch in dn
kiu n p in p
nh mc t 1 n
30 kV
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Ni dung
Li ni u
Phn 1 : Tng qut
1. Phm vi p dng....................................................................2
2. Cc nh ngha...................................................................6
Phn 2 : Cu to
3. Dy dn...............................................................................7
4. Cch in.............................................................................7
5. Mn chn.............................................................................8
6. B rut cp , v bc bn trong v b lc...............................8
7. Lp kim loi ca cp li n v ca cp nhiu rut............10
8. Mn chn kim loi...............................................................11
9. Dy dn ng tm...........................................................11
10. V bc kim loi...................................................................11
11. Li tng cng bng kim loi.............................................12
12. V ngoi khng bng kim loi............................................15
Phn 3 : cc yu cu th nghim
13. Cc iu kin th nghim...............................................21
14. Th nghim c th............................................................21
15. Th nghim c bit......................................................23
16. Th nghim hp chun v in......................................27
17, Th nghim hp chun khng in..................................32
18 Th nghim in sau khi lp t.................................37
Cc ph lc
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Cp lc cch in rn kiu n p
in p t 1 kV n 30 kV
Phn on 1 : Tng qut
1. Phm vi p dng
1. 1.1 Tng qut
Tiu chun ny quy nh v cu trc, kch c v cc th nghim cn
thit cho cp lc vi cch in rn kiu n p nu trong mc 1.2,
vi in p U t 1 kV n 30 kV cho trong mc 1.3 dng cho cc thit
b in c nh.
Trong tiu chun ny khng c cc cp s dng cho cc thit b c

bit v trong iu kin c bit.
1.1.1 Cc tiu chun tham kho
Cc ti liu tiu chun sau y c cha mt s iu khon m ni

dung s l ni dung iu khon ca bn qui cch ny . Khi bn qui
cch c xut bn th cc bn in ghi trong l ang hin hnh .
Tt c mi ta liu tiu chun u c th b xt li , v cc phn ca
hp ng da trn bn qui cch ny u c khuyn khch nghin
cu kh nng p dng cc bn in gn nht ca cc ti liu tiu chun
ghi di y . Cc thnh vin ca IEC v ISO u c quyn ng k
cc tiu chun quc t hin hnh .
IEC 38 : 1983
Cc in p chun ca IEC
IEC 60 : 1989
K thut th nghim cao p -
IEC 183 : 1994
Hng dn la chn cp cao p .
IEC 228 : 1978
Dy dn ca cp cch in .
IEC 230 : 1966
Cc th nghim xung i vi cp v cc ph tng ca
n.
IEC 287: 1982
Tnh ton dng in lin tc nh mc cho cp
( 100% h s ph ti )
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IEC 332-1 : 1979
Th nghim cc cp in trong iu kin ho
hon - Phn 1 : Th nghim i vi mt si cp n cch in thng

ng .
IEC 811 : 1993
Cc phng php th nghim chung i vi cht cch
in v v bc ca cp in .
IEC 885-2 : 1987
Cc phng php th nghim in i vi cp
in : phn 2 : Cc th nghim phng in cc b.

2. 1.2 Vt liu cch in
Cc loi vt liu tng hp cch in xt trong tiu chun ny c nu
di y , cng vi cc k hiu vit tt :
Vt liu cch in tng hp
K hiu vit tt
a) Nha chu nhit :

Vt liu tng hp cch in c c s cht polyvinyl clo rit ho
co polyme vilil clo rit v vinil a cetat dng cho cp c in p
nh mc U0/U > 1.8/3 kV
Vt liu tng hp cch in c c s cht polyvinyl clo rit ho
co polyme vilil clo rit v vinil a cetat dng cho cp c in p
nh mc U0/U > 1.8/3 kV
Vt liu tng hp cch in trn c s nha chu nhit poly
etylen
PVC/A
PVC/B
PE
EPR
b) Hn hp elatome hoc nha li

Vt liu tng hp cch in trn c s etylen propylen hoc tng t
XLPE
(EPM hay EPDM)

Vt liu tng hp cch in trn c s li polyetylen
3. 1.3 in p nh mc
in p nh mc tiu chun U0/U(Um) ca cc loi cp xt trong tiu
chun ny l nh sau :
U0/U(Um) = 0.6/1-1.8/3(3.6) - 3.6/6 (7.2) - 6/10 (12) - 8.7/15 (17.5) 12/20 (24)
- 18/30 (36) kV hiu dng.
trong k hiu in p ca cp U0/U(Um) cho trn
U0
l in p nh mc tn s cng nghip gia rut v dt
hoc mn chn
U
l in p nh mc tn s cng nghip gia cc rut cp
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Um l gi tr ln nht ca " in p li ln nht " ca thit b s dng

( xem IEC 38)
in p nh mc ca cp mi khi s dng phi ph hp vi iu kin

vn hnh trong h thng . d dng la chn cp, ng ta phn
chia h thng thnh 3 loi :
Loi A :
Bao gm cc h thng m bt k pha no chm t hoc

chm vo dy t u b ct khi h thng trong 1
pht.
__________
* Gi tr tiu chun ca U0 cho trong tiu mc ny c ly t IEC 38 : Tiu chun v

in p ( Bng IV, dy 1) v IEC 183 : hng dn la chn cp cao p, gi tr tiu
chun ca U th bng in p nh mc ca h thng dng ph bin trong nhiu
nc ( xem IEC 38). Um l in p cao nht ca h thng "
Ti nhng nc ny k hiu 1.7/3 - 3.5/6 - 5.8/10 - 11.5/20 - 17.3/30 thng c s dng
thay th cho cc gi tr cho trong tiu mc ny. Cc k hiu ny l ng nn s
dng.
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Loi B : bao gm cc h thng m trong iu kin s c , cho php

vn hnh trong mt thi gian ngn vi mt pha chm t.
Khong thi gian ny, theo IOEC 38 khng c vt qu 1 gi.
Vi cc cp ni trong tiu chun ny , c th cho php vn hnh
lu hn, khng qu 8 gi trong bt k trng hp no. Tng s
thi gian s c chm t trong mt nm khng qu 125 gi.
Loi C : bao gm cc h thng khng nm trong loi A v B.
Ghi ch : C th xy ra l trong mt h thng mt s c chm t khng t
ng v nahnh chng cch ly, cc ng xut gy ra cho cch in trong khi s c
s lm gim tui th ca cp n mt mc no .. Nu h thng c d kin s
thng xuyn chu ng cc s c chm t , th nn la chn xp loi h thng
chng loi cao hn.
Gi tr U0 cho cp s dng h thng 3 pha

y :
in p cao nht
ca h thng Um
khuyn ngh nh di
in p nh mc U0
kV
kV
Loi A v B
Loi C
1.2
0.6
0.6
3.6
1.8
3.6
7.2
3.6
6.0
12.0
6.0
8.7
17.5
8.7
12.3
24.0
12.0
18.3
36.0
18.0
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4. 1.4 Nhit nh mc cao nht i vi cc loi cch

in tng hp.
Nhit nh mc cc i ca li
cp
Cc hp cht cch in
oC
Vn hnh bnh
thng 1)
Ngn mch
( lu nht 5gy)
Polyvinyl clo rit hay copolyme

vinyl clo rit v vinyl a xetat
PVC
Nha Polyetylen chu nhit
Polyetylen dt mng li
PE
70
160
702)
1303)
90
250
90
250
XLPE
Cao su etylen propylen

EPR
1) cn thit phi qun tm n tn tht in mi khi Uo bng hay ln hn gi tr

cho trong IEC287
2) 75oC vi PE c t trng cao hn 0,940 g/cm3 23oC
3) Nhit ny c th tng ln 150 oC nu s dng cu trc mn chn thch hp
Nhit trong bng trn l da trn c s c tnh bn trong cc

vt liu cch in. Vn quan trng l cn xt n cc yu t
khc khi s dng cc gi tr trn trong tnh ton cc dng in nh
mc.
Th d , trong vn hnh bnh thng, nu mt cp trc tip chn di
t c vn hnh lin tc vi 100% ph ti nhit dy dn nh
cao nht nu trong bng trn, tr khng nhit ca t chung quang
trong thi gian ny c th tng ln t tr s ban u do qu trnh lm
kh t. Kt qu l, nhit dy dn c th tng ln vt qu gi tr
nh mc cao nht. Nu iu kin vn hnh nh vy c d kin
trc, cn phi c cc bin php cn thit.
Khi la chn nhit cho lc ngn mch, cn phi quan tm n
cc yu t sau y :
a) S bin dng ca cch in do cc lc c nhit pht sinh trong
iu kin ngn mch. S bin dng ny c th lm gim hiu qu
dy ca cch in.
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b) Rut cp v mn chn c th ttc ng lm mt hiu qu ca mn

chn, cng vy tnh cht nhit ca vt liu bo v bn ngoi c th
b gim tc dng.
c) vn quan trng l cc ph tng s dng trong h thng cp ny
vi cc mi ni c hc v hn phi thch hp vi nhit ny ca cp.
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5. 1.5 Nhit dy dn cc i nh mc ca cc cp
s dng vi cc loi v ngoi
Vt liu lm v
Nhit cc i ca
li cp trong vn hnh
bnh thng
oC
ST1
80
ST2
90
ST3
80
ST7
90
SE1
85
Vt liu tng hp lm v ngai ca cp c th c s dng vi nhit

v ngoi cao hn gi tr ghi trong bng l 50C khi in p nh
mc bqngf v ln hn gi tr di y
- vi loi v cp ST3, ST7 v SE1 :
6/10 (12) kV
- vi loi v cp ST1 v ST2
18/30 (36) kV
ST1 v ST2 l loi vt liu v cp bng PVC

ST3 v ST7 l loi vt liu v cp bng nha chu nhit poly etylen.
SE l mt loi v cp elatome vi poly clo ropen, clo ro sul fonat
polyetylen hoc cc cxht polyme tng t.
3. Cc nh ngha
Vi tiu chun ny cn c cc nh ngha sau y :
6. 2.1 Cc nh ngha v cc kch thc ( b dy, tit
din, v.v..)
a) Gi tr danh nh
L gi tr c t tn v c s dng trong cc bng biu . Thng thng, trong tiu chun ny , gi tr danh nh l tng ng vi cc gi
tr c kim tra bng o lng, c k n cc sai s c trng.
b) Gi tr gn ng
L gi tr khng c m bo v cng khng c kim nh; th d,
gi tr ny c s dng tnh ton cc kch thc khc nhau.
c) Gi tr trung bnh
Khi c nhiu kt qu th nghim v c sp xp thnh mt dy theo
gi tr tng dn ( hoc gim dn ) , gi tr trung bnh s l gi tr
nm gia dy nu s lng gi tr l l v s l gi tr trung bnh s
hc ca hai gi tr nm gia nu s lng gi tr l chn.
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d) Gi tr gi nh
L gi tr c tnh ton theo mt "phng php gi nh " m t
trong ph lc A
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7. 2.2. Cc nh ngha lin quan n cc th nghim

a) Th nghim c th
Th nghim c th l th nghim do nh ch to thc hin trn ton
b cc on di cp hon chinhr chng minh s ton vn ca
cp.
Ghi ch : Theo tho thun gia nh sn xut v ngi s dng , s lng cc di
ca cp cn th nghim c th c gim i .
b) Th nghim c bit
Th nghim c bit l th nghim do nh sn xut thc hin trn
cc mu cp hoc cc phn t hon chnh c ly ra t mt cp
hon chnh , theo mt xc xut quy nh kim tra xem sn
phm c p ng oc cc yu cu thit k khng.
c) Th nghim hp chun
Th nghim hp chun l th nghim phi do nh ch to thc hin trc khi cung cp ra th trng mt loi cp c trong tiu chun ny,
chng minh l sn phm tho mn cc yu cu v cht lng i vi cc
ng dng ra.. Cc th nghim ny c bn cht l, sau khi c tin
hnh ri th khng cn phi th nghim li na, tr khi c cc thay
i v vt liu cp hoc thay i thit k m c lm nh hng ti
cc c tnh cht lng .
d) Th nghim lp t
Th nghim lp t l th nghim chng t tnh ton vn ca
cp v ca cc ph tng km theo.
Phnon 2 : Cu to
3. Dy dn
Dy dn phi l cp 1 hoc cp 2 , bng ng, trn hoc c ph
mt lp kim loi , hoc bng nhm hoc hp kim nhm, trn hoc
ph mt lp kim loi theo tiu chun IEC 228.
4. Cch in
8. 4.1 Vt liu
Cch in phi l loi n p thuc trong cc loi nu mc 1.2 v
phi t cc th nghim nu ra trong phn on 3 ca tiu chun
ny.
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9. 4.2 dy ca cch in.

a) dy danh nh ca cch in c quy nh trong bng 1
n bng 4.
b) dy cch in cho trong bng l da trn c s in p
nh mc v ch p
dng cho cp c v bo v bc ngoi.
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c) dy trung bnh ca cch in phi khng c nh hn

gi tr quy nh nh mc.
d) bt k ch no dy khng c nh hn gi tr quy
nh nh mc cho qu tr s 0,1 mm+10% ca gi tr
nh mc.
e) dy ca b phn cch ly hoc ca mn chn bn dn
trn dy dn hoc trn v cch in s khng c k vo
dy ca cch in.
5. Mn chn
10.
5.1 Mn chn
Mn chn ca cp n hoc cp nhiu rut ( xem 5.4 ) l mn chn

ca dy dn v mn chn ca cch in.
11.
5.2 mn chn dy dn
Mn chn dy dn khng c lm bng kim loi v phi hoc l

mt lp bn dn hoc l mt lp nha tng hp bn dn n p, hoc
l kt hp c hai loi.
5.3 Mn chn cch in
a) mn chn cch in phi l kt hp ca mt phn khng
kim loi bn dn v mt phn kim loi.
b) Phn khng kim loi phi p st ngay trn cch in ca
mi dy dn v phi gm hoc mt gii bng bng cht bn
dn hoc bng mt lp nha tng hp bn dn, hoc l phi
hp c cc vt liu ny, hoc bng vt liu ny c ph mt
lp bnn dn.
c) Phn kim loi s p st ngay trn tng dy dn hoc trn
tp hp cc dy dn v tun theo mc 8.
12.
5.4 Gi hn ca mn chn vi dy dn.
a) mn chn dy dn c s dng in p nh mc trn

1.8/3.0 ( 3.6) kV vi cp cch in bng PE v XLPE, v in p trn
3.6/6.0 (7.2) kV vi cp cch in bng PVC v EPR.
b) mn chn cch in c s dng in p nh mc trn
1.8/3.0(3.6) kV vi cp cch in bng PE v XLPE v trn 3.6/6.0 (7.2)
kV cp cch in bng PVC v EPR , tr khi c cc quy nh khc.
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6. B rut cp , v bc bn trong v b lc.

13.
6.1 Cc loi cp nhiu rut khc nhau.
B cp nhiu rut ph thuc vo in p nh mc v ph thuc vo

mn chn kim loa hoc bn dn trn mi rut cp.
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Cc tiu mc di y 6.2 n 6.6 khng p dng cho cc b cp vi

tng rut cp n c v bc.
14.
6.2 Cp vi in p nh mc 0.6/1 kV
a) Cp nhiu rut c li thp, cc dy dn ng tm hoc

lp kim loi khc ( xem hnh 7.1 ) phi c v bc trong trn b
dy cp. V bc trong ny v b lc tun th theo 6.6
b) Gii bng kim loi c th p trc tip trn b cp , khng c
v bc trong , vi dy ca mi gii bng khng qu 0,3 mm
v cp ton vn phi tho mn th nghim trong 17.18
c) Vi cp khng c li thp hoc khng c dy dn ng
tm, lm khng c c lp kim loa ng tm ( xem 7.1 ) , c
th khng c v bc trong , nhng hnh dng bn ngoi ca
cp vn gi thc t l hnh trn v khng c c s kt dnh
gia dy dn v lp v bc.
Lp v bc c th len vo gia cc dy dn , tr trng hp v bc bng
nha chu nhit bao b dy dn trn c thit din ln hn 10 mm2.
Tuy nhin, nu c lp v bc trong, th dy ca n khng cn tun
th theo mc e v f ca 6.6
15. 6.3 Cp vi trng khng xuyn tm vi in p nh
mc trn 0.6/1 kV
Loi cp ny tun th theo mc a) ca 6.2 . Lp v bc trong v b lc
l loi khng thm nc.
16. 6.4 Cp vi trng xuyn tm vi in p nh mc
trn 0.6/1 kV c mn chn kim loi trn tng rut cp
ring l.
Cp ny tun th theo mc a) v c) ca 6.2 v 11.10
mn chn kim loi ca rut cp phi tip xc trc tip vi nhau.
17. 6.5 Cp vi trng xuyn tm in p nh mc trn
0.6/1 kV ch c mt mn chn kim loi trn ton b b
cp.
lai cp ny tun th theo mc a) ca 6.2
V bc trong c th l cht bn dn, b lc c th l cht bn dn.
18.
6.6 V bc trong v b lc
a) V bc trong c th l loi n p hoc loi cun bng.

b) Vi cp c rut trn, tr loi cp c nhiu hn 5 rut, ch
cho php dng lp v bc trong loi cun bng nu khe gia
cc rut cp c lp y bng vt liu ring r.
c) V bc trong v b lc c th l nhng vt liu thch hp.
Cho php s dng mt gii thch hp lin kt, th theo
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hnh mt cnh qut m trc khi t lp v bc trong dng

n.
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d) Vt liu dng lm v bc trong v b lc phi ph hp vi

nhit lm vic ca cp v ph hpj vi vt liu cch in.
e) dy ca v bc trong phi theo nh bng di y :
ng knh gi nh ca b rut
cp
dy ca lp v trong
diu n p(gi tr gn
ng )
Ln hn
Nh hn v bng
mm
mm
mm
25
1.0
25
35
1.2
35
45
1.4
45
60
1.6
60
80
1.8
80
2.0
f) dy gn ng ca lp bng cun phi l 0,4 mm vi ng knh gi tng ca b cp c ng knh nh hn v bng

40 mm v l 0,6 mm vi ng knh ln hn.
7. Lp kim loi ca cp li n v ca cp nhiu rut.
19.
7.1 Cc loi lp kim loi
Cc loi lp kim loi sau y l nm trong tiu chun ny :

a) mn chn kim loi ( xem mc 8)
b) dy dn ng tm ( xem mc 9);
c) v bc kim loi ( xem mc 10);
d) li kim loi ( xem mc 11 )
20.
7.2 S dng lp kim loi
a) Cp vi in p gi cc dy dn v t U0 bng 0.6 kV c
th c mopt lp kim loi hon ton bc xung quanh rut cp.
Ghi ch : Vic la chn cp c v khng c lp kim loi ph thuc vo quy nh ca
tng nc v yu cu v lp t phng kh nng c h hng v c v tip
xc v in.
Khi dng cp c lp kim loi, cn phi tun theo mc b) ca 7.2

b) Cp c in p nh mc gia dy dn v t U0 ln hn
0.6 kV phi c lp kim loi bao quanh tng si rut hoc bao quanh
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ton b b cp. Lp kim loi phi l mt hoc nhiu loi nu trong 7.1
v phi l loi khng t tnh khi bc cc si rut ring l ca loi cp
n hoc cp nhiu rut.
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8. Mn chn kim loi

21.
8.1 Cu to
mn chn kim loi phi bao gm mt hay nhiu gii bng hoc c
tt li, hoc l cc lp ng tm gm cc si hay mt tp hp cc si
v gii bng.
Cng c th l mt v bc , hoc trong trng hp l mn chn chung,
l mt li thp hon thin theo 8.2. v 8.3
22. 8.2 Khong trng trong mn chn s phi ph hp vi
cc quy nh v/hoc cc tiu chun quc gia.
23.
8.3 Cc yu cu.
cc yu cu v kch thc, v vt l v v in ca mn chn kim

loi phi c xc nh theo cc quy nh v/hoc cc tiu chun
quc gia
24.
8.4 Mn chn kim loi khng kt hp vi lp bn dn
Khi s dng cc mn chn kim loi vi in p nh mc nh hn v

bng 1.8/3.0 ( 3.6) kV vi cch in PE v XLPE v vi in p nh
hn v bng 3.6/6.0(7.2) kV vi cch in PVC v EPR, cc mn chn
ny khng cn kt hp vi lp bn dn.
9. Dy dn ng tm.
25.
9.1 Cu to
Khong trng trong cc dy dn ng tm phi tun theo cc quy

nh v/hoc cc tiu chun quc gia .
26.
9.2 Cc yu cu
in tr v vt liu ca cc dy dn ng tm phi c quy nh

theo cc quy nh v/hoc cc tiu chun quc gia.
27.
9.3 Ap dng
Khi s dng dy dn ng tm, cn phi t v bc trong ln trn

trong trng hp cp nhiu rut, v trong trng hp cp mt rut th
phi t trc tip ln lp cch in hoc ln lp mn chn cch in
bn dn, hoc trn mt v bc trong ph hp.
10. V bc kim loi
28.
10.1 V bc bng ch
dy nh mc ca lp ch hac lp hp kim ch phi c tnh ton

theo cng thc sau y :
a) Vi cp rut n v b cp :
t
pb
= 0.03 D1 + 0.8 mm
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b) Vi tt c cc cp c tit din dy dn rut cp hnh qut vi in

p nh hn v bng 8.7/15 kV ;
tpb = 0.03 x D1 + 0.6 mm
c) vi cc loi cp khc
tpb = 0.03 x D1 + 0.7 mm
trong :
tpb
l dy nh mc ca lp ch
D1
l ng knh gi nh ca cp di lp ch ( lm trn ti v
tr thp phn th nht theo nh ph lc B)
Trong tt c cc trng hp dy nh nht phi l 1.2 mm. Gi tr
tnh ton c lm trn vi mt s l ( xem ph lc B )
29.
10.2 V kim loi khc
ang nghin cu
11. Li tng cng bng kim loi

30.
11.1 Cc loi li tng cng bng kim loi
Cc loi lii kim loi trong tiu chun ny l :

a) li phng
b) li trn;
c) li gm hai gii
31.
11.2 Vt liu
Li phng v trn u l thp m, thp ph ch, nhm v hp kim

nhm.
Li gm bng gii bng bng thp, thp m, nhm v hp kim nhm.
Gii thp c dt nng hay lnh vi cht lng thng mi.
11.3 Khi la chn vt liu lm li tng cng , cn c bit xt n
kh nng r mn, khng ch v an ton c hc, m cn v
an ton v in , c bit nu s dng li thp tng cng lm mn
chn.( xem 8.1)
11.4 Li thp tng cng ca cp si n dng in mt chiu phi
bao gm cc vt liu khng b t ho, tr phi c cc cu to c bit.
32.
11.5 S dng li thp tng cng
a) Khi s dng li thp tng cng trong trng hp cp nhiu rut, cn

phi dng v bc trong ph hp vi 6.6 ( tr khi s dng c bit,
xem mc b) ca 6.2 )
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b) trong trng hp cp rut n, c th t di li thp mt lp v

bc loi n, loi bng c dy quy nh trong e) v f) ca 6.6
nu khng c mn chn.
c)
nu c mt lp ghen cch ly nh quy nh trong 11.10, lp ny

phi t di li thp thay th hco hoc thm vo lp v bc
trong.
33. 11.6 Kch thc dy lm li tng cng v bng lm
li tng cng .
Kch thc dy lm li v bng li nn la chn nh sau :

Dy trn :
0.8 - 1.25 - 1.6 - 2.0 - 2/5 - 3.15 - 4.0 - 5.0 mm kch thc
Dy thp dt m
0.8 - 1.2 - 1.4 mm b dy
Gii bng thp
0.2 - 0.5 - 0.8 mm b dy
Gii bng nhm v hp kim nhm
0.5 - 0.8 mm b dy
Kch thc ca dy li v bng li khng c thp hn gi tr nh
mc di y:
5% vi dy li trn,
8% vi dy li dt
10% vi gii bng
34. 11.7 Hiu chnh gia ng knh cp v kch thc
li
ng knh nh mc ca dy li tng cng trn v dy nh
mc ca gii bng v dy li dt khng c nh hn cc gi tr cho
trong bng di y :
a) Dy tng cng trn
ng knh gi nh di lp tng cng
ng knh dy tng
cng
ln hn
nh hn v bng
mm
mm
mm
15
0.8
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- 22 15
25
1.6
25
35
2.0
35
60
2.5
60
3.15
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b) Gii bng tng cng

ng knh gi nh di li
thp
Ln hn
Nh hn
bng
dy ca bng tng cng

Thp
thp m
hoc
Nhm v hp kim
nhm
mm
mm
mm
mm
30
0.2
0.5
30
70
0.5
0.5
70
0.8
0.8
Ghi ch : Bng ny khng p dng cho cp trong mc b) ca 6.2 c

bng kim loi cun trc tip trn b si cp
c) Dy tng cng dt
Vi cngf knh gi nh bn di li khong 15 mm, dy ca dy
thp dt thng l 0.8 mm
35.
11.8 Dy li tng cng trn v dt.
a) Cc dy li phi khp kn, ngha l c mt on nhau ti thiu

gia cc dy k nhau. Mt bng thp m vi b y nh mc l 0.3
mm c th c t vi dng mt cnh qut m trn li thp trn
hoc dt nu l cn thit. Sai s trn bng thp ny tun th theo
11.6
b) Cp c ng knh bn di li nh hn 15 mm khng c tng cng
bng dy dt.
36.
11.9 Bng tng cng
a) Khi dng bng tng cng, b dy ca v bc trong c quy nh

trong 6.6 , s c tng cng bng mt gii m , vi b dy nh
mc l 0,5 mm nu li bng dy 0,2 mm v bng 0,8 mm nu li bng
dy hn 0,2 mm. Nu c lp ngn cch, hoc nu c v bc trong l
loi p v tho mn cc yu cu ca 11.10, th lp m b sung ny
l khng cn thit. B dy tng ca v bc trong v lp m b
sung - c o bng hiu s ng knh - khng c nh hn gi tr
nh mc mt gi tr ln hn 0,2 mm+20% . Gi tr nh mc c
tnh bng cch cng thm 0.5 mm hay 0.8 mm vo gi tr cho
trong 6.6
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b) Gii bng thp c t theo hnh cnh qut thnh hai lp sao cho
lp ngoi th hu nh ph gia hai mp ca lp trong. Phn nhau
ca hai vng cnh nhau ca gii bng khng c qu 50% bg rng ca
bng.
37.
11.10 V phn cch.
a) Khi mn chn kim loi v li l cc kim loi khc nhau, chng phi
c cch ly bng mt lp v p khng cha mt trong nhng vt
liu nu trong 12.2
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Mt lp v tho mn cc yu cu v cch ly phi c t di li cp

nu mn chn khng phi l loi kim loi khc. Ci ny c th
thay th hoc b sung thm vo v bc trong.
b) dy nh mc ca lp phn cch ny , c lm trn vi 0.1 mm,
c th c tnh ton theo cng thc di y :
Ts = 0.02 Du + 0.6 mm
trong Du l ng knh gi nh di lp phn cch, c tnh
nh m t trong phlc A. dy nh mc nh nht phi l 1,2
mm . dy ti thiu mi im khng c nh hn 80 % gi tr
nh mc mt i lng ln hn 0.2 mm .
c) Cht lng ca vt liu dng lm lp phn cch phi ph hp vi nhit
vn hnh ca cap.
12. V ngoi khng bng kim loi.
38.
12.1 Tng qut.
Tt c cc cp phi c v ngai khng bng kim loi,tr trong vi trng

hp cc lopi cp i y khng bt buc :
gia
a) cp c dy dn trung tnh bng ng ph kim loi nm

b) cp oc tng cng bng dy thp m
c) cp c v bc bng kim loi
39.
12.2 Vt liu
a) V ngoi phi l nha tng hp chu nhit ( PVC, polyetylen

hay tng t ) hoc cht tng hp elatome ( poly clo ropen, clo
ro sul fonat poly etylen hay tng t )
b) Cc yu cu th nghim vi cc loi cht tng hp thng dng
c quy nh trong bng 8 n 12.
c) Vt liu lm v phi ph hp vi nhit vn hnh theo nh 1.5
40.
12.3 dy ca v bc.
a) dy nh mc ca v bc khng kim loi phi c tnh ton theo

cng thc sau y :
ts = 0.035 D + 1,0 mm
trong D l ng knh gi nh ngay di lp v bc ( xem ph lc
A)
Gi tr tnh ton theo cng thc trn c lm trn n 0,1 mm ( xem
ph lc B)
b) Vi cp khng c tng cng v cp khng nm trong mc c) ca
12.3 , dy nh mc ca v bc khng c nh hn 1,4 mm vi
cp n rut v 1,8 mm vi cp nhiu rut.
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c) Vi cp c tng cng vi v bc t trc tip trn li tng cng, mn

chn kim loi hoc dy dn ng tm, dy nh mc ca lp v
bc khng c nh hn 1,8 mm
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d) Vi lp v bc t trn mt b mt hnh tr mm, nh v bc

trong, lp v bovj bng kim loi hay cch in ca rut n :
dy trung bnh, c o
trong trng hp th nghim c bit, theo 15.5
trong trng hp th nghim hp chun, theo 17.2
khng c nh hn gi tr nh mc
dy o c nh nht bt k im no khng c thp hn 85%
gi tr nh mc mt i lng ln hn 0,1 mm
e) Vi lp v bc t trn mt b mt hnh tr khng u, nh l lp
v bc len vo gia cc cp khng tng cng khng c v bc trong
hay lp v bc tj trc tip trn li tng cng, mn chn kim loi hay
dy dn trung tm. dy nh nht bt k ffim no , c o
trong trng hp th nghim c bit, theo 15.5
trong trng hp th nghim hp chun, theo 17.2
khng c thp hn 80% gi tr nh mc mt i lng ln hn 0,2
mm.
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Bng 1 : dy cch in PVC
Tit din
nh mc
ca rut cp
dy ca cch in vi in p nh mc Uo/U (Um) kV

0,6/1
1.8/3 (3.6)
3.6/6(7.2)
6/10(12)
8.7/15(17.5)
kV
kV
kV
kV
kV
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
1.5 v 2.5
0.8
4 v 6
1.0
**
**
10
1.0
2.2
3.4
**
16
1.0
2.2
3.4
4.0
**
25
1.2
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
35
1.2
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
50 v 70
1.4
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
95 v 120
1.6
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
150
1.8
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
185
2.0
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
240
2.2
2.2
3.4
4.0
5.2
300
2.4
2.4
3.4
4.0
5.2
400
2.6
2.6
3.4
4.0
5.2
500 n
800
2.8
2.8
3.4
4.0
5.2
3.0
3.0
3.4
4.0
5.2
1000
* Cch in PVC c th dng cho cp 8.7/15(17.5) kV v l mt thc t hin nay
nhiu nc., nhng v tn tht in mi ca PVC tng i cao nn vi in p ny
thng a dng mt trong cc loi cch in trong tiu chun ny
** Khng khuyn ngh s dng rut cp c kch thc tit din nh hn s liu cho
trong bng ny. Tuy nhin , nu cn mt tit din nh, th hoc phi tng ng
knh ca rut cp bng mt mn chn dy dn ( xem 5.2) hoc tng dy ca
cch in hn ch gra din in cc i gi tr tnh ton vi tit din nh
nht nu trong bng ny.
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Bng 2 dy cch in PE
Tit din
nh mc
ca rut cp

3.6/6(7.2)
6/10(12)
8.7/15(17.5)
12/20(24)
18/30(36)
kV
kV
kV
kV
kV
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
1.5 v 2.5
4 v 6
10
2.5
16
2.5
3.4
25
2.5
3.4
4.5
35
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
50 v 70
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
95 v 120
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
150
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
185
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
240
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
300
2.8
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
400
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
500 n
800
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
1000
* Khng khuyn ngh s dng rut cp c kch thc tit din nh hn s liu cho
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Bng 3 dy cch in XLPE

Tit din
nh mc
ca rut cp

0.6/1
kV
1,8/3(3,
6)
3.6/6(7.
2)
6/10(1
2)
8.7/15(17
.5)
12/20(24
)
18/30(3
6)
kV
kV
kV
kV
kV
kV
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
1.5 v 2.5
0.7
4 v 6
0.7
10
0.7
2.0
2.5
16
0.7
2.0
2.5
3.4
25
0.9
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
35
0.9
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
50
1.0
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
70 v 95
1.1
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
120
1.2
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
150
1.4
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
185
1.6
2.0
2.5
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
240
1.7
2.0
2.6
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
300
1.8
2.0
2.8
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
400
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
500
2.2
2.2
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
630
2.4
2.4
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
800
2.6
2.6
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
1000
2.8
2.8
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
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Bng 4 - dy cch in EPR

Tit din
nh mc
ca rut cp

0.6/1
kV
1,8/3(3,
6)
3.6/6(7.
2)
6/10(1
2)
8.7/15(17
.5)
12/20(24
)
18/30(3
6)
kV
kV
kV
kV
kV
kV
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
1.5 v 2.5
1.0
4 v 6
1.0
10
1.0
2.2
3.0
16
1.0
2.2
3.0
3.4
25
1.2
2.2
3.0
3.4
4.5
35
1.2
2.2
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
50 v 70
1.4
2.2
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
95
1.6
2.4
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
120
1.6
2.4
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
150
1.8
2.4
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
185
2.0
2.4
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
240
2.2
2.4
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
300
2.4
2.4
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
400
2.6
2.6
3.0
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
500
2.8
2.8
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
630
2.8
2.8
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
800
2.8
2.8
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
1000
3.0
3.0
3.2
3.4
4.5
5.5
8.0
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Phn on 3 : Cc yu cu th nghim
13. Cc iu kin th nghim
41.
13.1 Nhit chung quanh
Tr khi c cc quy nh chi tit khc trong th nghim c bit, th

nghim in p khng c tin hnh nhit chung quanh l (20
15)oC v cc th nghim khc khng lm nhit chung quanh l
(20 5 )oC.
42. 13.2 Tn s v dng sng ca in p th nghim
tn s cng nghip
Tn s ca in p th nghim xoay chiu phi nm trong gii 49 Hz
n 61 Hz. Dng sng phi thc t l hnh sin > Gi tr l gi tr
hiu dng.
43.
13.3 Dng sng ca in p the nghim xung
Theo IEC 230 sng xung phi c thi gian u sng o nm gia 1s
v 5 s v thi gian nh mc ca na gi tr nh l gia 40 s v
60s , cn nhng yu cu khc l theo IEC 60.
14. Th nghim c th
44.
14.1 Tng qut
Tiu chun ny i hi cc h nghim c th sau :

a) o in tr ca dy dn ( xem 14.2)
b) th nghim phng in cc b ( xem 14.3) cp vi cch
in PE hay XLPE vi in p 1,8/3 (3.6)kV v cp vi cch in PVC
hay EPR vi in p trn 3.6/6 ( 7.2) kV;
c) th nghim cao p ( xem 14.4)
Th nghim c th thng thng phi tin hnh tt c cc chiu di
ca cp , nhng s chiu di ny c th c gim theo tho thun gia
nh ch to v ngi s dng .
45.
14.2 in tr ca dy dn
a) Vi cp nhiu rut, vic o in tr oc tin hnh vi tt c cc

rut cp bao gm c dy dn trung tm nu c.
b) Ton b chiu di cp hay mt mu cp, phi t trong phng th,
c duy tr nhit c nh hp l, trong t nht 12 gi trc khi
th . Nu nghi ng nhit dy dn khng ging nh nhit trong
phng th c th o in tr sau khi t cp trong phng 24 gi.
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Cng c th o in tr trn mt mu dy duy tr nhit t

nht 1 gio trong mt b du c ddiu khin nhit .
Gi tr o c phi c hiu chnh v nhit 20oC v 1 km chiu
di theo vq cng thc v he s hiu chnh cho trong iu 5 ca
IEC 228.
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c) in tr mt chiu ca mi dy dn 20oC khng c vt qu gi

tr cc i gn ng quy inhj trong IEC 228. Vi fdy dn trung
tm in tr phi tun theo cc quy nh v/hay tiu chun quc
gia.
46.
14.3 Th nghim phng in cc b
a) Th nghim phng in cc b phi c thc hin vi cp

cch in PE hay XLPE in p nh mc lns hn 1.8/3.0(3.6) kV
v cp cch in EPR hay PVC in p nh mc 3.6/6.0(7.2) kV.
Vi cp nhiu rut , th nghim phi c thc hin vi mi si rut bc,
in p c t vo gia tng rut cp v mn chn. kim loi.
b) Th nghim phng in cc b phi oc tin hnh tun theo
IEC 885-2, xung phng in nh nht l 20pC hay nh hn vi EPR,PE
v XLPE v 40pc hay nh hn vi PVC.
c) Bin phng in 1,5 Uo khng c vt qu 20 pC vi EPR, PE
v XLPE v 40 pC vi PVC.
47.
14.4 Th nghim in p.
a) Tng qut
Th nghim in p oc tin hnh nhit mi trng, s dng
hoc in p xoay chiu tn s cng nghip, hoc in p mt
chiu, tu theo nh ch to la chn.
b) Th tc th nghim cp mt rut.
Vi cp mt rut c mn chn, phi t in p th nghim trong 5
phut gia rut v mn chn kim loi.
Vi cp mt rut khng c mn chn, cp phi c ngm trong nc 1
gi nhit trong phng, sau t in p th nghim vo
gia rut v nc trong 5 pht .
Ghi ch : ang nghin cu th nghim bng b pht hin s c vi cp mt rut
khng c mn chn hoc v bc kim loi.
c) Th tc th nghim vi cp nhiu rut.

vi cp nhiu rut c mn chn cho tng rut, in p th nghim
phi t gia rut v mn chn kim loi hay v bc kim loi trong 5
pht.
Vi cp nhiu rut khng c mn chn ring l, in p th nghim
phi t ln lt gia tng rut cp c bc cch in vi tt c cc
rut khc v v kim loi , nu c , trong 5 pht.
Cc rut cp c th c u ni mt cch hp l cho cc p dng in
p th nghim gim thi gian th nghim, min l th t u ni
phi sao cho in p t vo t nht trong 5 pht lin tc gia tng
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rut cp v cc rut cn li , v gia rut cp v v bc kim loi, nu

c.
d) in p th nghim
in p th nghim tn s cng nghip phi l 2,5 Uo + 2 kV vi cp
in p nh mc nh hn hay bng 3,6/6,0 (7,2) kv , v bng 2,5
Uo vi cp c in p nh mc cao hn.
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Gi tr in p th nghim n pha vi in p nh mc tiu

chun c cho bng di y :
in p nh mc Uo, kV
0.6
1.8
3.6
8.7
12
16
in p th nghim hiu
dng kV
3.5
6.5
11
15
22
30
45
Nu, vi cp 3 rut, th nghim in p c thc hin vi my bin p

3 pha, in p th nghim gia cc pha phi l 1.73 ln in p cho
trong bng trn.
Khi dng in p mt chiu , in p s phi l 2,4 ln in p th
nghim tn s cng nghip.
Trong mi trng hp ny, in p th nghim phi oc tng ln dn
dn theo cc gi tr quy nh.
e) Yu cu.
Khng c xut hin cc hin tng b chc thng ca cch in.
15. Th nghim c bit

48.
15.1 Tng qut.
Tiu chun ny i hi cc th nghim c bit sau y ;

a) quan st dy dn ( xem 15.4)
b) kim tra kch thc ( xem 15.5 n 15.8)
c) th nghim in vi cp in p nh mc trn 3,6/6,0
kV( xem 15.9)
d) th nghim nng i vi cch in EPR v XLPE
49.
15.2 Tn s th nghim c bit.
a) Quan st dy dn v kim tra kch thc

Quan st dy dn , o b dy cch in v v bc v o ng
knh, nu ngi mua yu cu, phi c thc hin trn mt on di
ca tng se ri sn xut ca tng loi v tng c cp, nhng c gioi
hn khng qu 10% s lng di trong hp ng
b) Th nghim in v c.
Theo tho thun gia nh ch to v ngi s dng, th nghim quy
nh phi oc tin hnh trn cc mu ly ra t cc cp sn xut
theo hp ng, vi iu kin l tng chiu di phi ln hn tr s
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trong hp ng l 2 km i vi cp niu rut v 4 km i vi cp mt

rut
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Chiu di cp
Cp nhiu rut
S lng mu
Cp mt rut
Ln hn
nh hn v
bng
Ln hn
nh hn v
bng
km
km
km
km
10
20
10
20
20
40
20
30
40
60
v.v...
50.
v.v..
v.v..
15.3 Cc th nghim lp li.
Nu c mt mu no khng t yu cu th nghim trong mc

15, cn phi ly tip hai mu na trn cng l sn xut v thc hin
li cc th nghim m mu trc b hng. Nu c hai mu b sung
ny t yu cu , th tt c cc cp trong l sn xut y c coi nh
t yu cu tir nghim . Nu mt trong hai mu b sung khng t
yu cu, th l sn xut y c coi nh hon ton loi b, khng t
yu cu. Vic ly li mu v th nghim li lc ny l do tho thun .
51.
15.4 Quan st dy dn
Tin hnh kim tra hoc o lng dy dn cp theo nh cc yu cu

v cu to dy dn trong IEC 228
52. 15.5 o b dy cch in c v khng c v bc
khng kim loi ( bao gm cc lp v cch ly, nhng loi
tr v bc trong )
15.5.1 Tng qut.

Phng php th nghim tun th theo IEC 811-1-2
Mi chiu di cp la chn th nghim phi c ct ra mt on
u cp sau khi loi b cc chc h hng.
Vi cp c nhiu rut v c tit din nh mc bng nhau, s lng
rut cp o phi c gi hn hoc 3 rut hoc 10% s rut .
Nu b dy trung bnh o c hoc gi tr thp nht o c khng
tho mn yu cu i hi theo 15.5.2 , cn phi kim tra hai mu
khc. Nu c hai mu ny t yu cu th ton b cp coi nh t
yu cu , nu mt trong hai mu khng t, coi nh tn b cp khng
t yu cu.
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15.5.2 Cc yu cu
a) cch in
Vi mi on mu, gi tr trung bnh cc i lng o, c lm trn
0,1 mm theo ph lc B, khng c nh hn b dy quy nh , v gi
tr nh nht khng c thp hn gi tr nh mc mt gi tr ln hn
0,1 mm + 10 % gi tr nh mc quy inh, ngha l :
tm tn - (0,1 + 0,1 tn ) , tnh ra milimet
trong
tm
l b dy ti thiu
tn
l b dy nh mc
b) V khng bng kim loi.
Mu v phi tho mn cc yu cu sau :

-
Vi v bc p trn mt b mt tr mm ( th d v bc trong,
v kim loi hay lp cch in ca dy n ), gi tr trung
bnh cc i lng o c, lm trn n 0,1mm thoe ph lc
B, khng c nh hn b dy nh mc quy nh v gi tr
nh nht o c khng c thp di b dy nh mc quy
nh hn 0,1 mm + 15 % gi tr nh mc quy nh,
ngha l :
Vi v bc p trn mt b mt hnh tr khng u ( th d

lp bc lt vo cc khe gia cc rut cp khng c v bc
trong hay lp bc p trn cc dy li tng cng, mn chn
kim loi hay dn dn trung tm ) v vi lp v cch ly, gi tr
o vcj nh nht khng c thp di b dy nh mc
quy nh hn 0,2 mm + 20 % b dy nh mc quy nh,
ngha l :
53.
15.6 o b dy ca lp v bc bng ch.
B dy ca lp v bc chphi c xc nh theo mt trong cc cch

di y, tu theo la chn ca nh ch to v khng oc thp hn
95 % gi tr quy nh mt i lng ln hn 0,1 mm. Gi tr o c
nh nht khng c nh hn b dy ti thiu quy nh.
Ghi ch : Cc phng php o b dy cc loi v bc ch ang c nghin cu.
15.6.1 Phng php "di bng "
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Tin hnh o trn mt mu v di khong 50 mm ly ra t cp

hon chnh
Mu th c di di ra v lm phng cn thn.Sau khi lm sch mu
th, tin hnh mt lot o trn mu nhiu im vi khong cch
mp khng nh hn 10 mm bo m o c b dy ti thiu.
o bng thc kp ( mi cromet ) vi din tch phng 4mm n 8 mm
cngf knh v vi chnh xc 0,01 mm.
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15.6.2 Phng php o theo vng.

Tin hnh o trn mt vng mu ct ra t cp. xc nh o b dy
trn mt s im chung quanh vnh mu bo m o c b
dy ti thiu. Phi o bng mi cromet v c u o phng vi
u trn hpoc u phng ch nht c kch thc rng 0,8 mm v
di 2,4 mm. u o trn hoc phng phi t vo bn trong vnh.
Mi cromet c cp chnh xc 0,01 mm.
54.
15.7 o li v di tng cng
15.7.1 o dy li tng cng

ng knh ca li trn v b dy ca li dt c o bng mt mi
cromet vc hai u phng v chnh xc 0,01 mm.. Vi li trn
o hai ln vi hai hng thng gc nhau cng mt ng knh v ng knh l gi tr trung bnh ca hai tr s o.
15.7.2 o dy li dt.
Vi di dt rng 40 mm , phi o b dy gia b rng . Vi di dt
rng hn, tin hnh o cch mp 20 mm v ly gi tr trung bnh
lm b dy ca di dt. Phi o bng mi cromet c u o phng
v chnh xc 0,01 mm..
15.7.3 Cc yu cu.
Kch thc ca dy li tng cng khng c nh hn gi tr yu cu
trong 11.6
55.
15.8 o ng knh ngoi.
Nu th nghim c bit i hi cn o ng knh ngoi, lc

phi tun th theo IEC 811-1-2
56.
15.9 Th nghim in p trong 4 gi.
Th nghim ny ch p dng cho cp c in p nh mc trn 3,6/6

(7,2) kv
a) Ly mu
Mu l mt on cp hon chnh , di t nht 5 m gia cc ph
kin th nghim.
b) Th tc th nghim
t in p tn s cng nghip trong 4 gi vo hai gia rut
cp v mn chn kim loi hoc v kim loi trong 4 gi.
c) in p th
in p th nghim l 3Uo
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Gi tr cc in p th nghim tu thuc vo in p nh
mc tiu chun c nu trong bng di y :
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in p nh mc Uo, kV
in p th nghim, kV
- 43 -
8.7
12
16
18
26
36
54
in p th nghim phi c tng dn ti gi tr quy nh v duy tr

trong 4 gi.
d) cc yu cu
khng dduwowcj xut hin cc vt chc thng trn cch in
57. 15.10 Th nghim nng cho cc cch in EPR v
XLPE v v SE1
a) Th tc
Vic ly mu v th tc th nghim phi tun th theo iu 9
ca IEC 811-1-2, s dng cc iu kin cho trong bng 11 v 12
b) Cc yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu cho trong bng
11 i vi cch in EPR v XLPE v trong bng 12 i vi v bc
SE1
16. Th nghim hp chun v in

58. 16.1 i vi cp cch in bng PE v XLPE in p
nh mc trn 1,8/3 ( 3,6) kV v cp cch in bng
PVC hay EPR in p nh mc trn 3,6/6 (7,2) kV
a) Vi cc cp ny cc th nghim hp chun v in oc
nu trong 16.1.1 phi c thc hin vi cc on mu cp 10m v 15
m nm gia cc ph kin th.
b) Loi tr cc im a) v c) trong 16.1.2 tt c cc th nghim
trong 16.1.1 u phi c thc hin ln lt trn cng mt mu cp.
c) vi cp nhiu rut, mi th nghim hay o lng phi c tin
hnh vi tt c cc rut.
16.1.1 Th t th nghim
Cc th t th nghim bnh thng nh sau ;
a) th nghim phng in cc b ( xem 16.1.3)
b) th nghim un cun, tip theo th nghim phng in cc
b. Bin phng in 1,5 Uo phi c ghi li ( xem
16.1.4)
c) o tan ph thuc in p v o in dung ( xem 16.1.5
v mc c) ca 16.1.2)
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d) o tan tu thuc nhit ( xem 16.1.6 v mc c) ca

16.1.2)
e) th nghim chu k pht nng tip theo th nghim phng
in cc b . Bin ca phng in 1,5 Uo phi c ghi
li ( xem 16.1.7);
f) th nghim chu ng xung, tip theo th nghim in p
tn s cng nghip ( xem 16.1.8)
g) th nghim dng in xoay chiu cao p ( xem 16.1.9)
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16.1.2 Cc quy nh c bit

a) Th nghim c) v d) c th thc hin trn cc mu khc nhau t
cc mu s dng ( xem 16.1) cho cc th t th nghim bnh
thng nu trong 16.1.1
b) C th ly mu mi cho th nghim g) vi iu kin l mu th
ny chu trc cc th nghim b) v e) nu trong 16.1.1
c) Th nghim c) v d) trong 16.1.1 khng
in p nh mc di 6/10 (12) kV
yu cu vi cc cp c
16.1.3 Th nghim phng in cc b

Tin hnh th nghim phng in cc b theo m t trong IEC 88502
Bin phng in 1,5 Uo phi c o v ghi li. Gi tr ny
khng c cao hn 20 pC vi cch in XLPE , PE v EPR hoc khng
c cao hn 40 pC vi cch in PVC.
16.1.4 Th nghim un cun
a) Mu th phi c un quanh mt hnh tr th nghim ( th d nh
li ca ru l cp ) t nht l mt vng nhit dd trong phng. Sau
th ngay mu ra v li un li, min l ng un thepo chiu ngc
li.
Lp i lp li nh vy 3 ln
b) ng knh ca hnh tr th nghim y phi l :
vi cp mt rut :
20(d + D) 5 %
vi cp nhiu rut
15 (d + D ) 5 %
trong
D
ng knh ngoi hin ti ca mu cp, tnh theo milimet
ng knh ca rut cp, tnh theo milimet
nu rut cp khng phi l hnh trn :

d = 1,13 S mm
trong S l tit din nh mc, tnh theo milimet vung.
c) B sung vo th nghim ny, mu th phi chu php o phng
in cc b v phi tho mn yu cu ca 16.1.3 .
16.1.5 o tan ph thuc vo in p ( ca cc cp in p nh
mc 6/10 (12) kV v ln hn
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a) H s cng sut ca mu th vi cc iu kin c hc nh m t

trong 16.1.4 phi c o nhit mi trng vi in p xoay
chiu tn s cng nghip 0,5 Uo v 2 Uo.
b) Gi tr o c khng c vt qu gi tr ghi trong bng 5.
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16.1.6 o tan ph thuc vo nhit ( vi cp c in p nh mc

6/10 (12) kV v ln hn )
a) Mu ca mt cp hon chnh phi c lm nng bng mt trong
cc phng php di y; trong mi phng php , nhit ca dy
dn phi c xc nh hoc bng cch o in tr du dn hoc
bng nhit k tj trong l hay trn b mt ca mn chn.
Mu phi c t hoc trong mt thng cha cht lng hoc trong
mt l, hoc bng cch cho dng in lm nng chy qua mn chn
kim loi. ca cch in.
Vi cp cch in bng EPR, PE hay XLPE nhit phi oc nng
ln t t cho ti khi dy dn t c nhit cao nht cho trong 1.4
Vi cc cp cch in bng PVC/B, nhit phi c nng ln t t
cho ti khi t c 60oC, nhit nh mc cao nht ( 70oC), 80oC
v 85oC. Nhit phi c duy tr mi mc yu cu vi 2 oC
trong 2 gi trc khi tip tc o .
b) Phi o h s cng sut vi in p xoay chiu 2 kV vi tn s
cng nghip, nhit quy nh trn hoc, vi cp PVC/B,
mi nhit quy nh trn.
c) Vi cp PVC/B, ng thi phi o in dung ca mu tng nhit
.
d) Cc gi tr o c phi tho mn yu cu ghi trong bng 5.
16.1.7 Th nghim chu k pht nng.
a) Mu sau khi chu cc th nghim trc, c di ra trn sn ca
phng th v lm nng ln bng cch cho dng in i qua dy
dn, cho ti khi dy dn t c nhit n nh 10oC trn nhit
nh mc cc i ca cch inj trong vn hnh bnh thng.
Vi cp nhiu rut, dng in lm nng ny phi i qua tt c cc
rut cp.
Dng in lm nng ny phi c duy tr t nht trong hai gi, sau
ngui trong khng kh t nht l 4 gi .
Chu k ny c lp li hai ln na
b) Sau chu k th ba , mu ph chu o phng in cc b nh
trong 16.1.3 v phi tho mn cc yu cu trong mc .
16.1.8 Th nghim chu xung tip theo th nghim in p xoay
chiu.
a) Phi thc hin th nghimh ny trn mu c nhit cao hn
nhit vn hnh nh mc cao nht 5 oC.
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in p xung phi c t theo nh trnh t nu trong IEC 230.

b) Cp phi chu ng c 10 xung in p cc tnh dng v 10
xung cc tnh m vi gi tr sp s trong bng di y m khng c c h hng no
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in p chu ng xung
in p nh mc Uo/U
, kV
3.6/6(7.2)
6/10(12)
8.7/15(17
.5)
12/20(24)
18/30(36)
in p th nghim, kV
60
75
95
125
170
c) Sau th nghim trong ,mc a) v b), mu cp phi chu th nghim

in p tn s cng nghip nhit trong phng trong 15 pht.
( vi tng rut )
cc gi tr ca in p th nghim c quy nh trong mc d) ca
14.4. Khng c xut hin s chc thng no.
16.1.9 Th nghim cao p trong 4 gi.
Th nghim ny c thc hin nhit trong phng. t in p
c tn s cng nghip vo gia rut v mn chn trong 4 gi.
in p th l 3Uo. Tng dn dn in p n gi tr quy nh.
Khng c xut hin s chc thng no.
59. 16.2 Th nghim hp chun v in cho cp in
p khng vt qu 1.8/3(3.6) kV c cch in PE v XLPE
v 3.6/6(7.2) kV vi cch in PVC v EPR.
Cc cp ny phi chu cc th nghim sau y, ln lt trn cng mt
mu cp hn chnh, di 10m n 15 m :
a) o in tr cch in nhit trong phng ( xem
16.2.1.1)
b) o in tr cch in nhit lm vic ( xem 16.2.1.2)
c) th nghim vi dng in cap p xoay chiu ( xem 16.2.2)
Cc th nghim ny gii hn tin hnh khng qu 3 rut cp
16.2.1 o in tr cch in
16.2.1.1 o nhit mi trng
a) Tin hnh th nghim ny tr n mu cp trc khi tin tin hnh cc
th nghim v in khc.
Lt b tt c v ngoi v nhng rut cp vo trong nc vi nhit
trong phng t nht 1 gi trc khi th. Tin hnh o in tr gia
dy dn( rut v nc.
Nu cn thit , c th tin hnh o nhit ( 20 1)oC
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in p th nghim mt chiu phi l t 80 n 500 V ueoc t

trong mt khong thi gian ddt c n nh, nhng khng t
hn 1 pht v khng qu 5 pht
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b) Tnh ton : in tr xut khi c tnh theo in tr cch in

o c theo cng thc sau :
2 l R
log e
=
trong
in tr xut khi, ohm centimet
in tr cch in o c , ohm
chiu di ca cp , cm
ng knh ngoi ca cch in, mm
ng knh trong ca cch in, mm
Cng c th tnh " hng s in tr cch in Ki " theo cng thc
Ki =
l R x 1011
= 10
-11
x 0,367 , M.km
log10 D/d
Ghi ch : Vi rut cp c hnh dng c bit, t s D/d l t s ca chu vi ngoi
ca cch in v chu vi ngoi ca rut cp.
c) Yu cu : Cc gi tr tnh ton t cc php o khng c nh hn

gi tr quy nh trong bng 5.
16.1.2 o nhit nh mc cao nht
a) Cc rut cp sau khi lt b v ngoi oc nhng trong nc vi nhit
quy nh trong t nht 1 gi troc khi th.
in p th nghim mt chiu 80 n 500 V oc t trong
khong thi gian n nh, nhng khng t hn mt pht v
lu hn 5 pht.
b) Tnh ton - in tr xut khi v/hay hng s in tr cch in
c tnh t in tr cch in o c theo cng thc mc b) cu
16.2.1.1
c) Yu cu - Gi tr tnh ton t cc php o khng c nh hn cc
gi tr quy nh trong bng 5
16.2.2 Th nghim in p trong 4 gi.
Rut cch in ca mu cp c lt b v , c nhng trong nc
nhit trong phng t nht l 1 gi.
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Tng dn in p tn s cng nghip n gi tr bng 3 Uo v duy

tr lin tc trong 4 gi, in p ny c t vo gia rut cp v nc. Khng c thy xut hin hin tng chc thng.
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17, Th nghim hp chun khng in

Cc th nghim hp chun khng in cn i hi c nu trong
bng 6
60.
17.1 o b dy ca cch in
a) Ly mu
Mu th c ly t rut cp c cch in
Vi cp c nhiu hn 3 rut v c tit in u, s rut o ch
gi hn 3 rut hoc 10 % s rut nu nhiu hn
b) Th tc
Tin hnh o nh m t trong mc 8 ca IEC 811-1-1
c) Yu cu
Cc gi tr trung bnh o c ca mi rut c lm trn vi 0,1 mm
theo ph lc B, khng c nh hn dy nh mc quy nh v
gi tr o c nh nht khng c di dy nh mc quy nh
mt i lng ln hn 0,1 mm + 10% dy nh mc quy nh,
ngha l
tm tn - (0,1 + 0,1 tn ) , mm
61. 17.2 o dy ca v bo v khng bng kim loi (
bao gm v ngn cch nhng khng phi l v bc
tronga) Ly mu
Ly mt mu cp
b) Th tc
Tin hnh o nh m t trong mc 8 ca IEC 811-1-7
c) Yu cu
Mi mu v phi tho mn cc iu sau y :
-
vi v p trn mt b mt tr nhn( th d trn v bc trong,

trn lp bo v bang kim loi hay trn lp cch in ca cp
n ) gi tr trung bnh o c , c lm trn ti 0,1 mm
theo ph lc B, khng c nh hn dy nh mc quy
nh v gi tr o c nh nht khng c di dy
nh mc quy nh mt i lng ln hn 0,1 mm + 15 %
dy nh mc quy nh, ngha l :
tm tn - (0,1 + 0,15 tn ) , mm
- vi v p trn mt b mt hnh tr khng u ( th d

trn lp cch in lt gia cc rut cp ca mmt cp nhiu
rut khng c li tng cng khng c v bc trong hay lp v
p trc tip trn li tng cng, trn mn chn kim loi hay
trn dy ng tm ) v vi lp v phn cch , gi tr o c
nh nht khng c di dy nh mc quy nh mt
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i lng ln hn 0,2 mm + 20 % dy nh mc quy

nh, ngha l :
tm tn - (0,2 + 0,20 tn ) , mm
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62. 17.3 Th nghim xc nh cc c tnh c hc

ca cch in trc khi th nghim lo ho.
a) Ly mu
Ly mu v chun b mu th c thc hin nh m t trong mc 9
ca IEC 811-1-1
b) S l lo ho
Tin hnh s l lo ho nh m t trong mc 8 ca IEC 811-1-2 vi cc
iu kin quy nh trong bng 7. Th nghim 2.2 v 2.3 ca bng 7
ch p dng vi cp c rut ng v khng dng rut cp lm mn
chn . Th nghim 2.3 ch thc hin km vi 2.1 ca bng 7 vi cc
cp c rut ng, m cp ny khng th chu th nghim 2.2
Ghi ch : Th nghim 2.2. v 2.3 thc hin vi cp c rut ng nn thc hin. Tuy
nhin vi kinh nghim hin nay cha coi l bt buc, tr khi c cc tho thun
gia nh ch to v ngi s dng.
c) Gia cng v th nghim c hc

Vic gia cng v th nghim c hc c thc hin theo m t trong
iu 9 ca IEC 811-1-2
d) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim vi cc mu th trc khi v sau khi lo ho phi
tho mn cc yu cu trong bng 7.
63. 17.4 Th nghim xc nh cc tnh cht c hc ca
v cp trc v sau khi lo ho.
a) Ly mu
Ly mu v chun b mu th phi tin hnh theo iu 9 ca IEC
811-1-1
b) S l lo ho
Tin hnh s l lo ho nh m t trong iu 8 ca IEC 811-1-2 vi cc
iu kin quy nh trong bng 8
c) Gia cng v th nghim c hc
Tin hnh gia cng v th nghim c hc nh m t trong iu 9 ca
IEC 811-1-1
d) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim vi cc mu th trc v sau khi lo ho phi tho
mn cc yu cu trong bng 8
64. 17.5 Th nghim lo ho b sung trn cc mu cp
hon chnh.
a) Tng qut
Th nghim ny nhm kim tra xem cch in v v bc ca cp c
b h hng trong vaanj hnh do tip xc vi cc thnh phn khc ca
cp khng.
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Th nghim ny c th p dng cho mi loi cp.

b) Ly mu
Mu th c ly t cp hon chnh nh m t trong iu 8 ca IEC
811-1-2
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c) S l lo ho
Tin hnh s l lo ho cc mu cp trong mt l n m t trong iu 8
ca IEC 811-1-2 vi cc iu kin sau ;
-
nhit : ( 10 2) oC trn nhit lm vic nh mc ca

cp, hoc, nu khng bit nhit vn hnh ca cp , th
l ( 10 2) oC trn nhit vn hnh nh mc ca rut
cp vi cc vt liu cch in ( xem bng 7)
thi gian : 7 x 24 gi.
d) Th nghim c hc
Cc mu cp v v bc th nghim ly t cc mu lo ho c
chun b v chu th nghim c hocj nh m t trong iu 8 ca IEC
811-1-2
e) Yu cu
chnh lc gia cc gi tr trung bnh ca dn di v ti trng
t sau khi lo ho vi cc gi tr tng ng khi cha lo ho ( xem 17.3
v 17.4) khng c vt qu gi tr p dng cho th nghim sau khi lo
ho trong l quy nh bng 7 cho cch in v bng 8 cho v bc.
65. 17.6 Th nghim tn hao khi lng trn v bc PVC
ca loi ST2
a) Th tc
Ly mu v quy trnh th nghim y phi tun theo iu 8
ca IEC 811-3-2
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu ca bng 9
66. 17.7 Th nghim nn nhit cao trn cch in
v v bc.
a) Th thuc
Th nghim nn nhit cao c tin hnh theo iu 8 ca IEC
811-3-1 , vi cc iu kin th nghim chtrong th tc th nghim
v trong bng 9 v 10.
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu ca bng 9 v 10
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502 @ IEC 1994
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67. 17.8 Th nghim kh nng chu ng ca cch

in v v bc PVC nhit thp,
a) Th tc
Ly mu v quy trnh th nghim y phi tun theo iu 8
ca IEC 811-1-4 vi nhit th nghim quy nh bng 9
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu ca iu 8 trong IEC
811-1-4
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 59 -
68. 17.9 Th nghim kh nng chng nt v ca cch

in v v bc PVC( th nghim s nhit)
a) Th tc
Ly mu v th tc th nghim theo iu 9 IEC 811-3-1, nhit
th nghim v giai on lm nng theo nh bng 9
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong iu 9 IEC 8113-1
69.
17.10 o lng ch s chy ca cch in PE
a) Th tc
Mu ly t cch in PE c chun b v th nghim nh iu 10 IEC
811-4-1
c) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong bng 10
70. 17.11 Th nghim kh nng chu ng cht zn
ca cch in EPR
a) Th tc
Ly mu v th tc th nghim theo iu 8 IEC 811-2-1, nng
zn v cc giai on th nghim theo nh bng 11.
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong iu 8 IEC 8112-1
71. 17.12 Th nghim chu nhit ca cch in v v
bc EPR v XLPE ca SE1
a) Th tc
Ly mu v th tc th nghim theo iu 8 IEC 811-2-1,
kin nh trong bng 11 v 12
cc iu
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong bng 11i vi
EPR v XLPE v bng 12 i vi v bc SE1
72. 17.13 Th nghim ngm trong du i vi v bc
elatome
a) Th tc
kin nh trong bng 12
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cc iu
502 @ IEC 1994
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b) Yu cu
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502 @ IEC 1994
73.
- 61 -
17.14 Th nghim hp th nc ca cch in
a) Th tc
kin nh trong bng 9,10,hau 11 tng ng.
cc iu
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong bng 9,10,hay 11
74. 17.15 Th nghim kh nng chng lan truyn ngn
la.
Th nghim ny ch p dng cho cc cp c v bc loi cht tng hp
ST1, ST2 hay SE1 v ch tin hnh khi c cc yu c bit
Phng php th nghim v cc yu cu nh quy nh trong IEC
332-1
75.
17.16 o lng hm lng cac bon en trong v bc PE
a) Th tc
Ly mu v th tc th nghim tin hnh theo iu 11 IEC 811-4-1
b) Yu cu
76. 17.17 Th nghim tnh co rt ca cch in PE v
XLPE
a) Th tc
Ly mu v th tc th nghim tin hnh theo iu 1o IEC 811-13vi cc iu kin quy nh trong bng 10 v 11
b) Yu cu
Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong bng 10 v 11
77.
17.18 Th nghim un cong c bit
Vi loi cp m t trong mc b) ca 6.2 , cn thc hin th nghim un

cong c bit.
a) Th tc
Mu th c un t nht l mt vng quanh mt hnh tr th nghim
( th d mt ci trng ) nhit trong phng. ng knh ca hnh
tr phi bang 7 D , trong o D l ng knh ngoi o c ca mu
cap. Sau t cp ra v li un li nh trn nhng trnh theo chiu ngc li.
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 62 -
Tin hnh nh vy 3 ln. Sau nguyn mu cp un quanh

hnh tr y vo mt l c lm nng ln ti nhit nh mc cao
nht ca dy dn trong 24 gi.
Sau cp c lm ngui tr li, in p th nghim theo nh 14.4 c t vo trong khi cp vn cn b un.
b) Yu cu
Khng c xut hin cc chc thng v bn ngoi v bc khng c
c vt nt.
78. 17.19 Th nghim n nh nhit
PVC/B
ca cch in
a) Th tc
vi cc iu kin quy nh trong bng 9
b) Yu cu
79. Kt qu th nghim phi tho mn cc yu cu trong
bng 9
80.
17.20 Th nghim tnh co rt ca v bc PE
a) Th tc
vi cc iu kin quy nh trong bng 10
b) Yu cu
18 Th nghim in sau khi lp t

Th nghim sau lp t ny oc thc hin khi vic lp t cp
v cc ph kin hon chnh.
t mt in p mt chiu bng 70 % in p mt chiu quy nh
trong mc d) ca 14.4 trong 15 pht.
Thep phng n tho thun gia nh ch to v ngi s dng, c th
tin hnh th nghim in p xoay chiu tn s cng nghip theo
nh mc a) v b) di y nh sau :
a) t in p li vo gia dy dn v mn chn trong 5 pht
b) Th nghim vi in p vn hnh bnh thng trong 24 gi.
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 63 -
Ghi ch : Th nghim in vi cc thit b sau khi c sa cha l theo yu cu ca

lp t in. Cn th nghim ny ch p dng vi cc thit b mi
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 64 -
Bng 5 - Cc yu cu v th nghim hp chun v in

1
Cc tnh cht c bn ca vt liu
0
Nha nhit
Tn cc vt liu cch in tng hp

Nhit dy dn nh mc cc
i,oC
in tr xut khi ***, cm
1a
Elatome,...
PVC
A
00
PE
EPR
XLPE
70
70
70**
90
90
- 20oC ( xem 16.2.1.1)
1013
1014
1b
- nhit nh mc cc i
***( xem 16.2.1.2)
1010
1011
1012
1012
2
2a
Hng s in tr cch in*** K,

Mkm
36.7
367
2b
- 20oC ( xem 16.1.3 v 16.2.1.1)
0.037
0.37
3.67
3.67
1000
10
200
40
65
20
25
20
1000
10
200
40
10
400
80
- nhit nh mc cc i ****(
xem 16.2.1.2)
3
3a
3b
4
4a
4b
H s in mi ph thuc vo in
p, nhit mi trng( xem 16.1.5)
tan
cc
i
Uo
( x 10 -4)
- bin i ca tan
( x 10 -4)
gia 0.5 Uo v 2Uo
H s in mi ph thuc vo nhit
2 kV ( xem 16.1.6)
-tan cc i nhit
mi trng
(x
10 -4)
- tan cc i nhit
nh mc
****
(
x 10 -4)
1) Vi PVC/B tch s " hng s in mi x tan khng c vot qu 0.75 vi

gii nhit t nhit mi trng ti 85oC, Ngoi ra gi tr ca tan 80oC
khng c vt qu gi tr ca tan 60oC
5
Th nghim phng in cc b
( xem tiu mc 16.1.3, 16.1.4c v
16.1.7b
Phng
(pC)
in cc i
1.5
Uo
40
20
20
20
* Vi nh ngha cc tn gi ( xem 1.2)

** 75oC vi polyetylen vi t trng cao hn 0.940 g/cm3 23oC
*** Vi cp in p nh mc khng qu 1.8/3 kV c cch in XLPE v 3.6/6 kV vi
cch in PVC/B v EPR
**** Gi tr ca nhit nh mc cc i cho dng 00 ca bng ny
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 65 -
Bng 6 - Cc th nghim hp chun khong in ( xem bng 7

n 12 )
0
Cch in
Tn cc hp cht tng
hp
(xem bng 7 v 8)
1
Kch thc
1a
o b dy
Nha nng
PVC
PE
10
V bc khng kim loi
Eletom
e
Nha nng
EP
R
XL
PE
PVC
A
Eletom
e
PE
EP
R
XL
PE
c tnh c hc
(ti trng v ko di)
2a
Khng lo ho
2b
Sau khi lo ho trong

l khng kh
2c
Sau khi lo ho trong

bnh
2d
2e
3
3a
3b
4
4a
4b
4c
4d
4e
Sau khi lo ho mt
mu cp
Cc c tnh nha
nng
Th nghim p nng
Cc c tnh khc
Th nghim gim
khi lng trong l
Th nghim chu
ng o zon
Th nghim nng
Th nghim chm
bt la
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
( nu yu cu)
n nh nhit
Hp th nc
Th nghim co rt
Hm lng cac bon
en
(nu l v nha en
0
"x" Biu th l th nghim ny c p dng
* ang nghim cu
327669676.doc 08/24/16
Th nghim b gy
nng
4g
4k
c tnh nhit
thp
Ch s chy khng
lo ho
4j
Sau khi nhng trong

du nng
4f
4h
65 / 54
x*
x*
502 @ IEC 1994
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 67 -
Bng 7 - Yu cu th nghim cc c tnh c hc ca vt liu

cch in
( trca v sau khi lo ho )
0
1
1.1
1.2
2
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
3
3.0
3.1
3.2
1
Tn vt liu cch in ( xem 1,2)
Nhit nh mc c i ca
cp
(xem 1,4)
Khng lo ho
IEC811-1-1 iu 9)
ti trng ti thiu
ng xut ko di, ti thiu
rut
Sau khi lo ho trong l khng kh

(IEC 811-1-2 iu 8)
Sau khi lo ho khng rut
nhit
S l
sai s
thi gian
Ti trng
a) gi tr sau khi lo ho ti thiu
b) bin thin cc i **
ng xut ko di ti lc t
a) gi tr sau khi lo ho ti thiu
b) bin thin cc i **
Sau khi lo ho c rut ng, tip theo
l th nghim ti trng ***
nhit
S l
sai s
thi gian
ti trng:
bin thin ** cc i
ng xut kop di ti lc gy
bin thin ** cc i
Sau khi lo ho vi rut ng, tip theo
l th nghim un
( ch nu khi khng p dng 2.2)***
nhit
S l
sai s
thi gian
Kt qu t c
Sau khi lo ho trong bnh kn
552 N/cm2 ( IEC 811-1-2 iu 8)
nhit
S l
sai s 1oC
thi gian
bin i ** ca :
- ti trng, cc i
- ko di n t , cc i
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7
PE
A
70
B
70
EPR
XLPE
90
70
70
12
5
15
0
12.5
125
4.2
200
12.5
200
10,0
200
PVC
oC
N/mm
2
%
oC
oC
ngy
10
0
2
7
N/mm
2
%
%
%
12.
5
25
Cp
0.6/
1kV
, li
ng
Cc
loi
kh
c
Cp
0.6/
1kV
, li
ng
Cc
loi
kh
c
100
2
7
135
3
7
135
3
7
135
3
7
135
3
7
12.5
25
30
30
30
30
150
25
30
30
30
15
0
25
300
150
3
7
150
3
7
30
30
30
30
oC
oC
ngy
150
3
10
150
3
10
oC
oC
ngy
khng nt gy
oC
gi
%
%
67 / 54
100
2
10
30
502 @ IEC 1994
- 68 -
* Vi polyetylen t trng cao 75oC

** bin i : chnh lch gia gi tr trung bnh t c sau khi lo ho v gi
tr trung bnh t c khi khng lo ho biu th bng phn trm gi tr trung bnh
khng lo ho
*** xem ghi ch mc b) ca 17.3
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 69 -
Bng 8 - Cc yu cu th nghim cc c tnh c ca vt liu v bc

( trc v sau khi lo ho )
0
Tn lp vt liu tng hp*
Cc c tnh c bn ca
v tng hp
Nhit nh mc cc i
ca rut cp c th s dng
v tng hp**
Khng lo ho
ST1
ST2
ST3
ST7
SE1
Nha nng
Elatom
e
oC
80
90
80
90
85
N/mm
2
12,5
12,5
10,0
12,5
10,0
150
150
300
300
300
100
100
100
100
100
10
14
12,5
12,5
25
25
150
150
25
25
(IEC 811-1-1 iu 9)
1.1
Ti trng, cc tiu
1.2
Ko di n t, cc tiu
Sau khi lo ho trong l
(IEC 811-1-2 iu 8)
2.0
S l
nhit
(sai s 2
oC
oC)
thi gian
ngy
a) gi tr sau lo ho, cc
tiu
N/mm
2
2.1
Ti trng
2.2
b) bin i ***, cc i
Ko di n lc t
a) gi tr sau lo ho, cc
tiu
30
300
300
250
40
b) bin i ***, cc i
* Vi nh ngha ca tn gi, xem 1.5

ST3 v ST7 l loi v tng hp c c s l nha nng polyetylen
SE1 l loi v elatome c c s l poly clo ro pren, clo ro sul fonat polyetylen hoc tng t
** xem 1.5
*** bin i : chnh lch gia gi tr trung bnh t c sau khi lo ho v gi
tr trung bnh t c khi khng lo ho biu th bng phn trm gi tr trung bnh
khng lo ho
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- 70 -
Bng 9 - Cc yu cu th nghim cc c tnh c bit ca cch

in PVC
v v tng hp
0
1
Tn loi vt liu
PVC tng hp dng lm
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PVC
A
B
Cch in
70 / 54
ST1
ST2
v bc
502 @ IEC 1994
- 71 -
Gim khi lng trong l

( IEC 811-3-2 iu 8)
1.1
S l
nhit
oC
ngy
mg/cm
2
( sai s 2oC)
thi gian
1.2
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
3
3.1
Gim khi lng cho php cc

i
Th nghim nn nhit
cao
( IEC 811-3-1 iu 8)
oC
Nhit th nghim ( sai s

2oC)
Gi
Thi gian mang ti
80
80
80
80
50
50
50
50
-15
-5
-15
-15
-15
-5
-15
-15
-15
-15
ngm su cho php cc

i
Tnh nng nhit thp
( IEC 811-1-4 iu 8)
3.2
3.3
Th nghim khng lo ho
troc
Th nghim un lnh vi ng
knh
< 12,5 mm
2oC)
oC
oC
oC
Th nghim ko di ngui
4.1

2oC)
4.2
Th nghim va chm ngui
oC

2oC)
gi
Th nghim va chm nng
oC
5
5.1
5.2
6
6.1
6.2
( IEC 811-3-1 iu 9)
6.3
n nh nhit ( IEC 811-3-2iu 9)
6.4
Nhit ( sai s 0,5oC)
6.5
Thi gian ti thiu

Hp th nc ( IEC 811-1-3 iu
9)
Phng php in
150
150
150
200
100
pht

3oC)
Thi gian th nghim
150
70
oC
ngy
10
85
oC
14
ngy
mg/cm
2
Nhit ( sai s 2oC)

Thi gian th nghim
Phng php o trng tm
Nhit ( sai s 2oC)
Thi gian
bin i cc i khi lng
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10
502 @ IEC 1994
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* Do iu kin kh hu, cc tiu chun quc gia c th i hi s dng nhit

thp hn
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502 @ IEC 1994
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Bng 10 - Cc yu cu th nghim cc c tnh c bit ca cch

in PE
( nha nng polyetylen)v v tng hp
0
Tn loi cht tng hp

S dng cht tng hp PE lm
1
PE
ST3
ST7
Cch
in
V bc
T trng *
( xem 811-1-3 iu 8)
Ch s nng chy
( xem 811-4-1 iu 10)
2.1
Khng lo ho
Gi tr cho php cc i
0.4
Hm lng cc bon en ( nu
v mu
en)
( xem 811-4-1 iu 11)
Gi tr nh mc
2.5
2.5
0.5
0.5
**
**
Sai s
Hp th nc
( xem 811-1-3 iu 9)
4.1
Phng php trng lng
4.2
Nhit ( sai s 2oC)
4.3
Thi gian
oC
85
ngy
14
mg/cm2
bin i khi lng cc i

Th nghim co rt
5.1
(IEC 811-1-3 iu 10)
oC
100
5.2
Nhit ( sai s 2oC)
gi
5.3
Thi gian
6
6.1
co rt cho php cc i
Th nghim nn nhit
cao
(IEC 811-3-1 iu 8)
Nhit th nghim
oC
115
oC
Sai s
* o t trng ch i hi i vi cc th nghim khc
** ang nghim cu
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502 @ IEC 1994
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Bng 11 - Cc yu cu th nghim cc c tnh c bit ca

cc loi vt liu cch in eletome khc nhau
0
Tn vt liu tng hp
1
EPR
XLPE
Mc chu ng zn
(IEC 811-2-1 iu 8)
0.025~
1.1
Nng zn( theo th tch )
0.030
1.2
Thi gian th nghim khng c vt

nt
gi
24
oC
250
200
pht
15
15
N/cm2
20
20
175
175
15
15
oC
85
85
ngy
14
14
mg/cm2
1*
Th nghim nng
2.1
(IEC811-2-1 iu 9)
S l
3oC)
nhit khng kh( sai s

thi gian mang ti
2.2
2.3
3
ng lc c
dn di di ti trng
dn di vnh vin sau khi lm lnh
Hp th nc
( IEC 811-1-3 iu 9)
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
Phng php trng lng

Nhit ( sai s 2oC)
Thi gian
Khi lng bin i cc i
Th nghim co rt
4.1
4.2
4.3
(IEC 811-1-3 iu 10)

Nhit ( sai s 3oC)
Thi gian
oC
130
gi
co rt cho php cc i
* bin i ln hn 1 mg/cm2 ang c nghin cu vi t trng ca XLPE ln hn
1
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502 @ IEC 1994
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Bng 12 - Cc yu cu th nghim cc c tnh c bit ca

cc loi vt liu eletome dng lm v bc
0
Tn loi cht tng hp

1
3
SE2
Th nghim ngm trong du tip theo l xc

nh cc c tnh
c :
1.1
(IEC 811-1-1 iu 9 v IEC 811-2-1 iu 10 )

S l
nhit du ( sai s 2 oC)
100
gi
24
40
40
thi gian
1.2
bin i cho php ln nht ca :

a)ti trng
2
oC
b) dn di n lc t
Th nghim nng
2.1
( IEC 811-2-1 iu 9 )
S l
oC
nhit ( sai s 3 oC)
pht
2.2
thi gian chu ti
2.3
ng xut c
dn di cc i di ti
N/cm2
dn di vnh vin cc i sau khi lm ngui
200
15
20
175
15
* bin i : l hiu s gia gi tr trung bnh t c sau khi s l v gi tr

trung bnh t c khi khng s l , biu th bng phn trm ca i lng sau.
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502 @ IEC 1994
- 76 -
Ph lc A
Phng php tnh ton gi nh xc nh kch thc cc v
bo v
dy ca v cp thng c suy ra t ng knh nh mc ca cp
bng cc " bng tra "
i khi xy ra vn . Cc ng kh nh mc tnh ton cth

khng cn thit phi ng nh gi tr thc c trong sn xut,. Trong
mt s cc trng hp gii hn , bi ton c th trm trng ln nu
dy ca v khng tng ng vi ng knh hin ti v ng knh c
tnh ton th khi khc mt cht. S bin i v kch thc hnh
dng dy dn gia cc nh ch to v cc phng php tnh ton khc
nhau cng gy ra s khc nhu v ng knh nh mc v do
c th dn n s bin i dy ca v s dng trn cng c s
thit k cp.
trnh cc kh khn y, ngi ta sng to ra phong php tnh ton

gi nh. tng l b qua hnh dng v mc phc tp ca dy
dn v tnh ton ng knh gi nh bng cc cng thc da trn
c s tit din ngang ca dy dn , dy cch in v s lng rut
cp. dy ca v bc v cc v khc th c suy ra t ng knh
gi nh bng cc cng thc hay tra bng. Phng php tnh toabns
ng knh gi nh c quy nh mt cch chnh xc v khng
c nghi ng g v dy ca cc loi v bc c s dng., dy
ny th khng ph thuc vo cc s khc bit cht t trong thc t
sn xut. Phng php ny tiu chun ho thit k cp, dy c
xc nh trc v c quy nh theo tng kch c cp.
Php tnh gi nh ny ch p dng xc nh kch thc ca cc

v bc cp. N khng th thay th tnh ton ng knh nh
mc do thc t i hi, m khng th tnh ton rieng r c.
A.1 Tng qut

A.1.1 Phng php tnh ton dy gi nh ca cc loi v di y
c chp nhn vi iu kin l bo m mi sai bit c th
xy ra khi tnh ton c lp, th d , ngi ta gi thit , cc kch thc
ca mt dy dn v cc khc bit khng th trnh c gia cc ng knh nh mc v thc t phi b qua.
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502 @ IEC 1994
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A1.2 Tt c cc gi tr dy v ng knh phi c lm trn n

s thp phn th nht theo quy lut nu trong ph lc B .
A.1.3 Trong tnh ton ngi ta khng quan tm n cc di gi , nu

n khng dy qu 0,3 mm
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502 @ IEC 1994
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A.2 Phng php

A.2.1 Dy dn
ng knh gi nh dL ca mt dy dn, khng ph thuc vo hnh
dng b dy, c cho theo tng tit din ngang nh trong bng di
y :
Tit din nh
mc ca dy
dn
dL
Tit din nh
mc ca dy dn
dL
mm2
mm
mm2
mm
1.5
1.4
95
11.0
2.5
1.8
120
12.4
2.3
150
13.8
2.8
185
15.3
10
3.6
240
17.5
16
4.5
300
19.5
25
5.6
400
22.6
35
6.7
500
25.2
50
8.0
630
28.3
70
9.4
800
31.9
1000
35.7
A.2.2 Si cp
ng knh gi nh Dc ca bt k si cp no c tnh bi cng
thc :
a) vi si cp khng c mn chn:
Dc = dL + 2 ti , milimet
b) vi cp c in p nh mc ln hn gi hn cho trong 5.4,
cho php c mt lp bn dn :
Dc = dL + 2 ti , + 3.0 , milimet
nu c mt mn chn kim loi hoc dy dn ng tm, ngoi ra
cn cng thm nh trong A.2.5
A.2.3 ng knh ca c hp b dy dn
ng knh gi nh ca dy y Dl c tnh :
a) vi cp c cc dy dn c cng tit din :
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Dl
= k Dc, milimet
trong h s k c cho trong bng sau :
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502 @ IEC 1994
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S lng rut
H s k
S lng rut
H s k
2.00
25
6.00
2.16
26
6.00
2.42
27
6.15
2.70
28
6.41
3.00
29
6.41
3.00
30
6.41
7*
3.35
31
6.70
4.55
32
6.70
8*
3.66
33
6.70
3.80
34
7.00
9*
4.00
35
7.00
10
4.00
36
7.00
10*
4.40
37
7.00
11
4.00
38
7.33
12
4.16
39
7.33
12*
5.00
40
7.33
13
4.41
41
7.67
14
4.41
42
7.67
15
4.70
43
7.67
16
4.70
44
8.00
17
5.00
45
8.00
18
5.00
46
8.00
18*
7.00
47
8.00
19
5.00
48
8.15
20
5.33
52
8.41
21
5.33
61
9.00
22
5.67
23
5.67
24
6.00
* Dy dn nm trong mt lp
b) Vi cp 4 rut, c mt rut c tit din nh hn :
2.41
3Dc1( 3D
+ c1Dc2+) Dc2
2.41 ( 3D
c1 + Dc2
)
4
Df =
)
4
4
, milimet
trong
Dc1
l ng knh gi nh ca mt dy pha c cch
in,bao gm c lp kim loi nu c
Dc2
l ng knh gi nh ca dy dn c tit din nh hn
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A.2.4 V bc trong
ng knh gi nh m v bc trong DB l :
DB
= Df + 2tB
trong :
tB
l 0.4 mm vi ng knh gi nh m ngai dy

ch Df nh hn v bng 40 mm
tB
l 0.6 mm vi Df ln hn 40 mm
Cc gi tr gi nh tB ny p dng cho :
a) cp nhiu rut
- c hoc khng c v bc trong
- c v bc trong loi n p hoc cun bng
tr phi c lp cch ly nh trong 11.10 c s dng thay th hoc b
sung thm vo v bc trong, lc p dng A.2.6 thay th :
b) cp mt rut
khi c v bc trong loi n p hpoc cun bng.
A.2.5 Dy ng tm v mn chn kim loi
ng knh tng ln do c dy ng tm hoc mn chn kim loi c cho bng di y :
Tit din nh
mc ca dy dn
hoc mn chn
kim loi
ng knh tng ln
Tit din nh
mc ca dy dn
hoc mn chn
kim loi
ng knh tng ln
mm2
mm
mm2
mm
1.5
0.5
50
1.7
2.5
0.5
70
2.0
0.5
95
2.4
0.6
120
2.7
10
0.8
150
3.0
16
1.1
185
4.0
25
1.2
240
5.0
35
1.4
300
6.0
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nu tit din ca li ng tm hoc mn chn kim loi nm gia

hai gi tr trong bng trn, th tng ng knh s ly gi tr ca
tit din ln hn
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nu c mn chn kim loi, tit din ngang ca mn chn dng

trong bng trn s c tnh ton theo cch sau y :
a) Mn chn loi cun bng
Tit din ngang l = nt x tt x wt ( mm2)
trong :
nt
l s bng cun
tt
l dy nh mc ca mt bng ( mm)
wt
l rng ca mt bng ( mm)
Khi ton b dy ca mn chn nh hn 0,15 mm th tng ng knh s bng khng
b) Mn chn bng si dy
n xd 2 x
Tit din ngang s l w= w
+ nh x th x wh ( m2)
trong :
nw
l s si dy
dw
ng knh mt si dy (mm)
nh
s vng cun
th
dy vng cun(mm)
wh
rng vng cun ( mm)
A.2.6 Lp cch ly
ng knh gi nh ca lp cch ly Ds l
Ds = Du + 2 ts , milimet
trong
Du
ng knh gi nh di lp cch ly
ts
dy tnh ton theo 11.10
A.2.7 Lp bng b sung cho cp c tng cng ( bn trn v bc trong )
ng knh gi nh di lp b sung
tng ng knh vi
lp b sung
ln hn
nh hn v bng
mm
mm
mm
30
1.0
30
1.6
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A.2.8 Li tng cng

ng knh gi nh ca li tng cng Dx l :
vi li tng cng trn hoc dt :
Dx = DA + 2 tA + 2 tw , milimet
trong
DA
tA
tw
:
ng knh di lp tng cng
dy hay ng knh ca li tng cng
dy ca vng cun nu c, nu ln hn 0.3 mm
vi li tng cng loi cun bng :

Dx = DA + 4 tA , milimet
DA
tA
ng knh di lp tng cng

dy ca bng tng cng
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Ph lc B
( Thng tin )
Lm trn s
B.1 Lm trn s p dng phng php tnh ton gi nh

B.1.1 Cc quy tc sau y c p dng lm trn s trong tnh
ton cc ng knh gi nh v xc nh cc kch thc ca cc
lp thoe nh Ph lc A
Khi gi tr tnh ton ca mt giai on no ln hn mt phn mi,
th gi tr y c lm trn vi mt s thp phn, ngha l n 0,1
mm gn nht . ng knh gi nh ca tng giai on s c lm
trn ti 0.1 mm v, khi s dng xc nh dy hay kch thc
ca mt lp no , s c lm trn trc khi s dng trong cng thc
hay tra bng. dy c tnh ton t cc gi tr lm trn s li c lm
trn ln na nh i hi ca Ph lc A.
B.1.2 hnh dung cc quy tc ny, xem cc th d sau y :
a) Khi c xut hin cc s 0,1,2,3,4 ca hng thp phn th hai trc
khi lm trn, th s gi li s thp phn th nht m khng thay i
g c ( lm trn xung )
Th d :
2.12
= 2.1
2.449
= 2.4
25.0478
= 25.0
b) a) Khi c xut hin cc s 5,6,7,8,v 9 ca hng thp phn th hai

trc khi lm trn, th s gi li s thp phn th nht v cng thm 1
( lm trn ln )
Th d :
2.17
= 2.2
2.453
= 2.5
30.050
= 30.1
B.2 Lm trn s cho cc ng dng khc.

B.2.1 Vi cc ng dng khc cc ni dung trong B.1.1 , c th i hi
lm trn cc gi tr qu s thp phn. iu c th xy ra , th d
khi tnh ton gi tr trung bnh ca nhiu kt qu o, hoc tnh
gi tr nh nht bng cch s dng phn trm sai s ca gi tr nh
mc. Trong trng hp ny, vic lm trn phi tin hnh ti cc s thp
phn quy nh trong cc iu mc lin quan.
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B.2.2 Phng php lm trn nh sau :

Nu s thp phn cui cng l cc con s 0,1,2,3,4 trc khi lm trn
th s gi nguyn khng thay i ( lm trn xung )
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Nu s thp phn cui cng c tip theo l cc con s 5,6,7,8,9 trc

khi lm trn th
s c tng ln mt ( lm trn ln )
Tg d :
2.449
2.45 lm trn n 2 s thp
2.449
25.0478
25.048
25.0478
25.0478
phn
2.4
lm trn n mt s thp
phn
lm trn n 3 s
thp phn
phn
phn
____________
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IEC502 (Thu Nghiem Cap Luc Cao The)

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502 @ IEC 1994

502 @ IEC 1994

502 @ IEC 1994

Trong tiu chun ny khng c cc cp s dng cho cc thit b c

1.1.1 Cc tiu chun tham kho

Cc ti liu tiu chun sau y c cha mt s iu khon m ni

K thut th nghim cao p -

IEC 183 : 1994

Hng dn la chn cp cao p .

IEC 228 : 1978

IEC 230 : 1966

Cc th nghim xung i vi cp v cc ph tng ca

Tnh ton dng in lin tc nh mc cho cp

502 @ IEC 1994

IEC 332-1 : 1979

Th nghim cc cp in trong iu kin ho

hon - Phn 1 : Th nghim i vi mt si cp n cch in thng

Cc phng php th nghim chung i vi cht cch

Cc phng php th nghim in i vi cp

in : phn 2 : Cc th nghim phng in cc b.

a) Nha chu nhit :

b) Hn hp elatome hoc nha li

(EPM hay EPDM)

l in p nh mc tn s cng nghip gia cc rut cp

502 @ IEC 1994

Um l gi tr ln nht ca " in p li ln nht " ca thit b s dng

in p nh mc ca cp mi khi s dng phi ph hp vi iu kin

Bao gm cc h thng m bt k pha no chm t hoc

* Gi tr tiu chun ca U0 cho trong tiu mc ny c ly t IEC 38 : Tiu chun v

502 @ IEC 1994

Loi B : bao gm cc h thng m trong iu kin s c , cho php

Gi tr U0 cho cp s dng h thng 3 pha

502 @ IEC 1994

4. 1.4 Nhit nh mc cao nht i vi cc loi cch

Polyvinyl clo rit hay copolyme

Cao su etylen propylen

1) cn thit phi qun tm n tn tht in mi khi Uo bng hay ln hn gi tr

Nhit trong bng trn l da trn c s c tnh bn trong cc

502 @ IEC 1994

b) Rut cp v mn chn c th ttc ng lm mt hiu qu ca mn

502 @ IEC 1994

Vt liu tng hp lm v ngai ca cp c th c s dng vi nhit

- vi loi v cp ST1 v ST2

ST1 v ST2 l loi vt liu v cp bng PVC

502 @ IEC 1994

502 @ IEC 1994

7. 2.2. Cc nh ngha lin quan n cc th nghim

502 @ IEC 1994

9. 4.2 dy ca cch in.

502 @ IEC 1994

c) dy trung bnh ca cch in phi khng c nh hn

Mn chn ca cp n hoc cp nhiu rut ( xem 5.4 ) l mn chn

Mn chn dy dn khng c lm bng kim loi v phi hoc l

5.4 Gi hn ca mn chn vi dy dn.

a) mn chn dy dn c s dng in p nh mc trn

502 @ IEC 1994

6. B rut cp , v bc bn trong v b lc.

6.1 Cc loi cp nhiu rut khc nhau.

B cp nhiu rut ph thuc vo in p nh mc v ph thuc vo

502 @ IEC 1994

Cc tiu mc di y 6.2 n 6.6 khng p dng cho cc b cp vi

a) Cp nhiu rut c li thp, cc dy dn ng tm hoc

a) V bc trong c th l loi n p hoc loi cun bng.