TRNG I HC Y DC THNH PH H CH MINH

KHOA DC
B MN BO CH

CNG THC TP BO CH 1
PHN 2

THUC TIM
THUC NH MT

t Thc Tp: 1
Nhm Thc Tp: 1
Ngy Thc Tp: Sng Th 2 v Sng Th 4
Bn Thc Tp: 4 - Tiu nhm: 8
Lp: VB2-2014
NH: 2015-2016

Thng 06/2016

BI 1: THUC TIM LIDOCAINE 2%, NG 2 ML

1. Tnh cht Lidocaine hydroclorid lin quan n vic bo ch. [3]

C14H22N2O.HCl.H2O
M = 288,8 (khan nc M=270,8)
tinh khit: 99,0-101,0% tnh theo ch phm khan.
Tnh cht: Bt tinh khit trng, rt d tan trong nc.
Trong cu trc phn t ca Lidocaine hydrochloride c 2 nhm methyl v tr ortho so
vi nhm amid. Do hot cht rt kh b thy phn trong dung dch v bn vi nhit
nn ta c th tit khun ch phm nhit trn 100 oC.
Trong cu trc phn t hot cht c nit bc 3 nn rt d b oxy ha. Cn c cht bo
qun gip sn phm bn hn.
Tc dng dc l gm c:
Gy t ti ch nim mc v lm gim triu chng au.
iu tr cp tnh cc lon nhp tht sau nhi mu c tim hoc trong khi tin hnh cc
th thut v tim.
iu tr ngoi tm thu tht trong nhi mu c tim,
iu tr nhp nhanh tht v rung tm tht.

2. xut cng thc thuc tim Lidocaine 2%

2.1.
Dung mi [2]
Do tnh cht ca Lidocaine rt d tan trong nc v tc dng yu cu cn c p ng
nhanh, t phn ng c hi nn u tin chn dung mi thn nc hn l dung mi thn du. T
cc bin lun trn, c th s dng dung mi l nc ct pha tim ho tan cc thnh phn trong
ch phm.
Nc ct pha tim t tiu chun k thut ca nc ct pha tim
- Trong sut, khng mu, khng mi, khng v
- Tinh khit, v trng v khng c cht gy st
- Bo qun trong bnh sch, kn v v khun
- Khng dng nc ct sau 24 gi nu khng c bo qun nhit 80-90oC
- Tiu chun nc ct khng cha cht gy st c th thay th bng tiu chun gii hn c
t Endotoxin 0,25EU/ mL. Yu cu v khun phi t i vi nc ct pha thuc tim
truyn
2.2.
Cht iu chnh pH [2]
ngi pH sinh l l 7,35-7,45. pH n nh ca Lidocaine l: 3-7. T suy ra pH = 7-8
ph hp vi tc dng sinh hc nhng khng bn, sn xut ngn ngy, pha ch theo n. pH = 6
gip thuc d dung np nht gip hot cht n nh nht, gi c hot tnh dng bo ch.
Dung dch tim truyn Lidocaine Hydroclorid 2% c t l phn trm dng base (l dng
khng ion ha, tan tt trong lipid, d thm qua mng sinh hc) thay i theo pH dung dch. Nh
vy c th iu chnh pH ca dung dch tim Lidocaine Hydroclorid v pH khong 7.0 lm
tng tc dng gy t ca thuc tim m ch phm vn n nh (khng b ta, khng b thy
phn).
1

 t yu cu nh trn ta dng NaOH 10% v HCl 10% iu chnh pH. La chn

NaOH v HCl v NaOH v HCl l cht r tin, d kim, khng tng k vi hot cht chnh
ng thi Lidocaine c dng di dng Lidocaine hydroclorid nn s dng NaOH v HCl.
Khng dng h m iu chnh pH v thuc tim Lidocaine c n nh tng i rng
pH acid t 3-7.
2.2.1. Natri hydroxyd.
- Dng loi tinh khit phn tch c cha hm lng kim ton phn khng nh hn 97%
tnh theo NaOH v khng c c qu 2% Na2CO3.
- Tnh cht: vin trng hay thi hnh tr, d ht m.
- Dung dch NaOH 10%: Ha tan 100 gam NaOH (tinh th) trong nc ngui, thm
nc va 1000 mL, lng v gn ly phn trong.
2.2.2. Acid hydroclorid. (M=36,46)
- Dng loi tinh khit phn tch.
- Cht lng trong, khng mu, bc khi.
- T trng 20oC: khong 1,18
- Hm lng HCl : 35 - 38% (kl/kl)
- Dung dch HCl 10%: Pha long 24ml acid hydrocloric (TT) vi nc va 100ml.
2.3.
Cht chng oxi ho [2]
S oxy ha lm gim lng hot cht trong ch phm, lm gim tc dng iu tr, thm
ch c th gy phn ng c khi tim vo c th. T m bo hiu lc iu tr v an
ton ca thuc tim truyn c thnh phn dc cht d oxy ha cn vn dng ng thi nhiu
bin php bo v dc cht, hn ch n mc thp nht lng hot cht b oxy ha trong qu
trnh pha ch v bo qun ch phm.
Trong cu trc phn t Lidocaine HCl c nit bc 3 nn rt d b oxy ha, v vy cn
thm cht chng oxy ha. Trong thuc tim nc, cc mui sulfit c tc dng chng oxy ha do
kh nng sinh SO2 v kha oxy ha tan trong thuc theo phn ng:
SO2 + 1/2 O2 SO3
Kh nng chng oxy ha ca mui sulfit ph thuc vo nng mui a vo dung dch
v pH ca dung dch thuc tim. Mui sulfit c tc dng tt trong pH cao. Mui bisulfit c tc
dng tt trong cc thuc tim c pH trung tnh, mui metabisulfit c tc dng tt trong cc thuc
tim c pH thp. Ta la chn cht chng oxy ha l Natri metabisulfit. Tuy nhin nng ti
thiu v d gy d ng.
- Natri metabisulfit c cng thc phn t l Na2S2O5 (M= 190,1).
- Dng loi tinh khit phn tch, c cha khng t hn 95% Na2S205
- Tnh cht: bt kt tinh trng hoc tinh th khng mu, d tan trong nc.
- Cc mui sulfit c th gy d ng trong mt s trng hp nn ta s dng nng 0,050,1%. la chn nng 0,1%.
2.4.

Cht ng trng [2]

Thuc tim Lidocaine 2% l thuc tim nc cho nn vn ng trng vi huyt
tng v dch t bo l iu quan tm cho t bo ca m d dng dung np thuc, trnh au
nhc ni tim.
Lidocaine Hydroclorid 2% l dung dch nhc trng nn trnh hin tng v hng
cu v t bo khi tim ta s dng NaCl lm dung dch cn bng a v cht ng trng. NaCl
c s dng lm cht ng trng v an ton, hiu qu, r tin khng tng k vi cc thnh
phn khc trong cng thc.
2

2.5. Tnh ton cng thc [2]

Th tch dung dch Lidocaine Hydroclorid theo l thuyt l :
VLT = 100 x 2 = 200ml
2.5.1. Lidocaine Hydroclorid
Lng ha cht cn dng iu ch 200 ml dung dch tim tuyn Lidocaine Hydroclorid 2%.
200 x 2
4g
100
2.5.2. Natri metabisulfit (Na2S2O5)
Lng cn dng iu ch 200 ml dung dch c nng 0.1% Natri metabisulfit.
200 x 0.1
0.2 g
100
Lng cht chnh pH s dng rt t (vi git) nn thc t khng nh hng n p sut thm
thu.
Cng thc tnh p sut thm thu [2]
mn
mOsmol = M V x 1000atm
n : s phn t phn ly (lidocaine l 2; Na2S2O5 l 3, NaCl l 2)
0.2 3
42
X 2
Do : mOsmol = 270.8 * 0.2 x 1000 + 190,1 0.2 x 1000 + 58.5 0.2 x 1000 (mOsmol/L)
Kh nng chu ng ca t bo sng v hng cu tt nht vng 29015% (hay 235- 335
mOsmol /L)
X gNaCl = 0.74g
Cng thc thuc tim Lidocaine HCl 2% pha 200ml theo l thuyt. Nhng trn thc t trnh
s hao ht trong qu trnh lm ngi ta thng iu ch tr i 10% hao ht. Nn nhm s pha
250ml dung dch thuc tim Lidocaine hydroclorid 2%.
Thnh phn
L thuyt
Thc t
Lidocaine HCl
4g
5g
NaCl
0.74g
0.925g
Na metabisulfit 0.1%
0.2g
0.25g
NaOH 10% (HCl 10%) v
pH 4-6
pH 4-6
Nc ct v
200ml
250ml
3. Quy trnh x l bao b: 100 ng ng thuc tim [2]
- ng p ng cc tiu chun sau:
Khng nh hng n cc thnh phn ca thuc tim m n cha ng.
B mt tip xc ca thuc v bao b khng thay i do p sut v nhit trong qu
trnh tit trng.
Cho php kim tra cht lng thuc bn trong d dng bng cm quan.
- Vt liu bao b: Thy tinh cp I
- ng t tiu chun:
Sch: ra ngoi, ra trong
Kh: sy kh
3

 V khun: hp, luc tit trng

- S quy trnh iu ch ng ng thuc tim:

Kim tra: ng u, nguyn vn, khng m, khng mo m, khng bi dnh cng, u ng nh, khng loe
Chn ng (hn 100 ng, m 120 ng)

Ra bn ngoi ng (bng nc my)

Kim tra: khng cn bi dnh bn ngoi ng

Ra bn trong ng
Kim tra trong nc ra sau mi ln ra
(nc tinh khit, nc ct pha tim)
Kim tra gii hn hm lng cht kh ca nc ra cui cng: thc hin test KMnO4: t
Ra ln cui bng nc ct pha tim
Sy kh

Sy v trng
m bo nhit 180oC , t nht 2 gi 7
Tn tr trong iu kin sch

Ra ngoi:
- Ly mi ln 5 ng, p ngc u, kp gia 2 bn tay, xt qua xt li di vi nc my
nhiu ln.
- Ra cui nh trn vi nc tinh khit n khi ng sch cm quan bng mt thng.
Ra trong:
- Xp ng vo khay inox nh cho va kht, u ng hng ln, y li bng khay inox ln
sch.
- Lt ngc li. t vo bocal c cha nc ct tinh khit 2/3 bocal.
- Dng ng thuc tim trng cha 2/3 V nc lm ng chun (dng bm xylanh) t trong
becher bn trn khay inox.
- Chn ton b cc phn trn vo my chn khng.
- Bt my ht chn khng.
- Sau mi ln ra, ly nc ra i soi kim tra trong n khi nc ra t trong.
- Kim tra gii hn hm lng cht kh ca nc ra cui cng tng ng vi nc
tinh khit.
- ong 100 ml nc ra ng cho vo bnh nn sch 250ml, thm 2 ml dd H 2SO4 10% vo
0,1ml dd KMnO4 0,02M, un si 5 pht, nc vn cn mu hng l t. (Mu chng
c lm song song nh trn nhng c thay bng nc ct pha tim).
- Sau khi kim tra cht kh t th ra li ln cui bng nc ct pha tim.
4

Sy kh tit trng
- t khay cha ng ra vo t sy 2 ca, sy kh nhit 60-70 oC, n nhit tit
khun 180oC/2h.
Tn tr: iu kin kn, v khun.
4. Quy trnh iu ch thuc tim Lidocaine 2%
Ha tan: 0,25 g Natri bisulfit, 0.925 g NaCl, 5g Lidocaine
Nc ct pha tim va 250 ml.

Dng NaOH 10% hay HCl 10% iu chnh pH

(Kim tra pH bng ch th chnh n khi gn bng 6).

Lc trong: Lc di p sut gim

(mng lc 0,45m).

Tin hnh ng ng bng phng php chn khng vi bao b c chun b sn.

Ra u ng bng cch nhng vo bocal nc: nng lnh nng. Hn ng.

Hp tit trng 1210C/ 15 pht.

Kim tra kn ca ng bng b tm xanh methylene.

Kim tra trong, pH v th tch.

Dn nhn, ng hp thnh phm.

Quy trnh ng gi:

Lc trong dung dch thuc di p sut gim (mng lc 0,45m). Kim tra trong ca
dung dch bng n soi dung dch thuc phi trong sut.
ng ng 2,2ml bng my chn khng. iu chnh, kim tra th tch thuc. ng tim x
l quy trnh trn.
Ra u ng bng nc ct pha tim: nng-lnh-nng, lin tc.
Hn ng bng la gas.

Tit trng 121oC, 30 pht, b tm xanh Methylen. Kim tra cm quan, trong (bng mt
thng di n 40w trn nn en), th tch, kn ca ng tim. Loi b ng khng t:
kn, th tch, m quan, trong.
Dn nhn. Kim tra hnh thc trnh by.
ng hp, thng, bo qun. Kim tra thnh phm: pH, th tch, trong.

5. Bng d tr cc thit b, dng c cho bi thc tp:

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

Tn dng c, thit b
Khay ng ng tim
Cn k thut
My ht chn khng
Becher

Th tch

50ml
100ml
500ml
250ml

Erlen
Giy o pH
ng ong
500ml
a khuy
Bnh ht chn khng
500ml
Xilanh
Phu lc thy tinh xp
G3, G4
Mng lc 0,45m
Giy lc
Bocal
Ln
Kp gp
Bp un nng
Dng c hn ng
Ni hp

S lng
1
1
2
2
2
3
1
1
2
1
1
1

2
2
1
1
1

BI 2: THUC NH MT CHLORAMPHENICOL 0,4%

Cng thc
Chloramphenicol
Xg
H m
pH ph hp
Cht ng trng
Va
Dung dch Niparin M 20%
0,25 ml
Nc ct
100 ml
ng l 10 mL
1. Tnh cht Chloramphenicol lin quan n bo ch thuc nh mt

C11H12Cl2N2O5
M= 323,1
- Dng bt vi tinh th trng hoc hi vng.
- t tan trong nc (25oC=2,5 mg/ml v 28oC=4,4 mg/ml), d tan trong propylen glycol, rt
tan trong methanol, ethanol, ethylacetat, aceton.[6]
- Dung dch bo ha (0,25%) c th gi hot tnh trong nhiu thng nhit thng,
trnh nh sng. [8]
- Nng sut quay cc thay i theo dung mi.
- 25C, dung dch n nh trong khong pH = 2 - 7 v thuc nh mt chloramphenicol
n nh nht pH = 6,8 7,5. [6]
- Ph tc dng: Chloramphenicol l khng sinh ph rng, c tc dng ln nhiu vi khun
gram dng v m, tc dng vi Rickettsia, Brucella, Klebsiella, cc xon khun, virus
ln nhng khng c tc dng vi nm. [8]
- iu tr cc nhim khun mt v tai do cc chng nhy cm gy ra. [8]
2. Xc nh nng Chloramphenicol trong dung dch thuc nh mt
Theo Dc in Vit Nam 4 th Chloramphenicol dng lm cht st khun thng c
s dng lm thuc nh mt vi nng t 0,4% n 0,5% [6]. y l nng ti thiu c tc
dng st khun. Tuy nhin, Chloramphenicol li t tan trong nc, nng bo ha l 0,25%.
Da vo tnh cht ca Chloramphenicol ta thy cht ny n nh pH t 2-7, v vy c th thay
i pH lm tng tan ca hot cht.[1]
Dc th quc gia 2015 cng ngh nng thuc nh mt l t 0,4 0,5% [7]. Trn
th trng cng c thuc nh mt Cloraxin 0,4% ca cng ty C phn Dc phm 3/2. Ti nng
ny, ch phm va c hot tnh st khun cao m vn c tnh n nh tt, khng b ta li
Nhm la chn nng Chloramphenicol iu ch thuc nh mt l 0,4%.
3. La chn h m v tnh ton thnh phn to pH thch hp
Sinh kh dng ca thuc nh mt ph thuc rt ln vo yu t pH. Thuc nh mt phi
c pha ch pH thch hp. pH ca thuc nh mt c iu chnh v n nh bng cch thm
cc cht m hoc h m vo thnh phn cng thc. Sao cho thuc nh mt c pH thch hp
p ng 3 yu cu: gim ti a s kch ng mt, tng n nh ca hot cht, tng hp thu
ca hot cht.
S dng h m Palitzch (Acid Boric- Borax) v:
7

Nng bo ha ca Chloramphenicol trong nc l 0,25% [6] trong khi nng ti

thiu c tc dng dc l l 0,4%. y l nng qu bo ha nn cn s dng h m.
[1]
- Chloramphenicol bn trong mi trng hi acid n trung tnh, tan tt trong mi trng
kim nhng d b phn hy to acid dicloacetic v 2 amino 1-paranitrophenyl 1-3
propandiol lm mt hot tnh ca thuc nhit phng.
- Thuc nh mt phi c pH ph hp vi nc mt, pH ca nc mt thay i t 6,3 8,6
trung bnh khong 7,4; nu qu xa khong ny rt d b kch ng khi nh mt. Dc in
Vit Nam IV qui nh: thuc nh mt nn c pH t 7,0 n 7,5. [6]
Nh vy, ha tan tt chloramphenicol ng thi m bo hot tnh dc l v tha pH
ca thuc nh mt. Ta cn iu chnh dung dch thuc v pH hi acid v chn pH iu ch l 6,8.
Trong cng thc s dng h m Palitzch c pH ph hp. H m ny kh ph hp vi nim
mc mt v c tc dng st khun nht nh.
Thnh phn ca h m Palitzch gm: [4]
- Natri borat: Na2B4O7.10H2O (cn gi l borax, hn the), l bt kt tinh trng, tinh th
khng mu, d tan trong nc, rt d tan trong nc si, tan tt trong glycerol.
- Acid boric: H3BO3. Bt kt tinh trng, bng, khng mu. Tan trong nc, ethanol 96%,
d tan trong nc si v glycerin 85%.
- H m Palitzsch: gm 2 dung dch
Dung dch 1: Borat 0,05M
Natri borat.10H2O
19,108g
Nc ct
v
1000ml
Dung dch 2: Acid boric 0,2M
Acid boric
12,404g
Nc ct
v
1000ml
Khi phi hp 2 dung dch trn vi t l khc nhau s c cc h m vi cc pH khc nhau:
Dung dch 1 (ml) Dung dch 2 (ml) pH
3
97
6,8
20
80
7,8
25
75
8,0
Hm lng Natri borat-Acid Boric cn s dng (pH= 6,8)
+ Lng natri Borat cn dng: (M=381,83)
Lng Natri Borat cn dng trong 100ml dung dch Chloramphenicol:
C M V 0,05 381,83 3
m
CM
1000 m M

0,057 g
MV
1000
1000

+ Lng Acid boric cn dng: (M=61,84)

Lng Acid boric cn dng trong 100ml dung dch Chloramphenicol:
m
C M V 0,2 61,84 97
CM
1000 m M

1,1997 g
M V
1000
1000

4. Chn cht ng trng v tnh ton

- Yu cu ca cht ng trng ha l phi khng c tng k vi thnh phn khc
trong cng thc, cht phi khng c tc dng dc l ring v c bit l phi khng
gy c gy kch ng mt. [4]
- Nc mt c p sut thm thu tng ng vi p sut thm thu ca dung dch NaCl
nng 0,9% v ca huyt tng. Vy nc mt ng trng vi dung dch NaCl nng
0,9%, c h bng im [t] = - 0,58oC n -0,52oC. Mt bnh thng c th chu
8

ng c dung dch NaCl t 0,5 - 1,8%. Dc in Vit Nam yu cu c gng m bo

thuc nh mt ng trng vi nc mt. Cht ng trng ha thng dng l NaCl, v
cht ny rt d tan trong nc, r tin li khng gy kch ng.
- Tnh cht NaCl: Tinh th khng mu, hoc bt kt tinh trng, khng mi, d tan trong
nc, tan t trong cn 96%.
Tnh ton: [t] = - 0,58oC, dung dich NaCl 1%.
Theo quy nh t l Borat : Boric = 3 : 97 th pH = 6,8
Trong 100 ml phi cha 0,057g Borat v 1,1997g Boric.
h bng im
h bng im
Tn hot cht
nng 1% [9]
nng cng thc
Chloramphenico
t = - 0,06oC
t 0,4% = - 0,024oC
l
t = - 0,288oC
t 1,1997% = - 0,345oC
Acid boric
t = - 0,241oC
t 0,057% = - 0,014oC
Natri borat
Khi lng NaCl cn dng ng trng 100ml dung dch Chloramphenicol 0,4% (pH=6,8)
theo cng thc Lumiere Chevrotier l: [4]
0,52 0,024 0,345 0,014
0,58
X=
= 0,2362 g
5. ngh cng thc v cch pha 10 l thuc nh mt
pha 10 l thuc, trong qu trnh pha ch, ng chai thi c th xy ra hao ht v vy lng th
tch phi ln hn 100 ml. D kin pha ch 200 ml thuc nh mt Chloramphenicol.
Cng thc pha ch ca 10 l thuc nh mt Chloramphenicol 0,4% nh sau
Theo l thuyt Theo thc t
Cloramphenicol
0,4 g
0,8 g
Acid boric
1.1997 g
2,4 g
Borax
0.057 g
0,12 g
Nipagin M 20%
0,25 ml
0,5 ml
NaCl
0,2362 g
0,47 g
Nc
va 100 ml va 200 ml
Cch pha ch.
Trong pha ch thuc nh mt phi tin hnh theo trnh t phi hp cc cht l h m,
cht bo qun, cht ng trng cho vo trc, dc cht c ha tan sau cng. Khi mt cht
tan ht th mi cho thm cht khc vo.
- Lm sch v v trng dng c. Cc nguyn liu rn phi c nghin mn.
- un si khong 200 ml nc ct pha tim.
- Cn chnh xc v ha tan acid boric trong khong 150 ml nc nng. Cho natri borat vo,
khuy tan.
- Cho NaCl vo, khuy tan.
- Dng pipet ht 0,5 ml dung dch Nipagin M 20% vo, khuy u. Kim tra pH.
- dung dch ngui di 80C, cho Chloramphenicol vo, khuy k cho tan. Kim tra pH.
- ngui, chuyn qua bnh nh mc, b sung nc ct va 200 ml.
- Lc qua phu tinh xp G4 c lt giy lc v my ht chn khng. Kim tra pH.
- Lc qua mng milipore 0,22 m bng bm tim, lc trc tip vo chai.
- Kim tra th tch chai, th tch ng l 10 ml, dn nhn.
9

BI 3: THUC NH MT KM SULFAT 0,5%

Cng thc
Km sulfat dc dng
H m
Cht ng trng
Dung dch Niparin M 20%
Nc ct
ng l 10 mL

Xg
pH ph hp
Va
0,25 ml
100 ml

1. Tnh cht ca km sulfat lin quan n vic bo ch thuc nh mt

Km sulfat dc dng cha 7 phn t nc c 56% km sulfat khan vi cng thc l
ZnSO4.7H2O (M= 287,5).
Bt kt tinh trng hoc tinh th trong sut khng mu, khng mi, d thng hoa khi
ngoi khng kh kh. Rt tan trong nc, tan trong mi trng kim, d tan trong glycerin, thc
t khng tan trong ethanol 96%. Bn trong mi trng acid, pH= 4,5 - 5,5.
C tc dng st khun, c dng trong nhn khoa cha nhim khun, mt c m, au
mt ht, gy kch ng nh.
ZnSO4 bn hn mi trng hi acid, trong mi trng kim hoc trung tnh ion km c
nguy c b ta v nu chn pH acid th hiu qu chng s pht trin ca vi sinh vt tt hn, thuc
n nh hn v mt vi sinh.
Thuc nh mt km sulfat phi c cht lng tng ng thuc tim, phi m bo cc
yu cu v tnh chnh xc, tinh khit, ng trng, trong sut v v khun.
2. Xc nh nng ca km sulfat trong dung dch thuc nh mt
Km sulfat dng lm cht st khun thng c s dng lm thuc nh mt vi nng
0,4-0,5 %. V theo Dc in Vit Nam 4 th thuc nh mt km sulfat th nng km sulfat l
0,5% [5]. Do nhm chn nng km sulfat iu ch thuc nh mt l 0,5%.
3. L lun chn h m v cht ng trng
3.1 Chn h m
pH ca thuc nh mt thch hp s p ng 3 yu cu: gim ti a s kch ng mt, tng
n nh ca hot cht, tng hp thu ca hot cht. Tuy nhiu trong thc t khi pha thuc
nh mt kh tha mn 3 yu cu trn cng 1 lc , khi s n inh thuc phi c u tin
trc [4]. M theo Dc in Vit Nam 4 th pH tt nht n nh thuc nh mt c hot cht
l Km sulfat l 4,5-5,5 [5].
Do nhm chn h im Hin-Goyan: dung dch acid boric 2%, pH= 5-5,5
c im ca acid boric : H3BO3, M= 81,83, bt kt tinh trng, mnh, bng, khng mu,
hoc tinh th trng, than trong nc, ethanol 96%, d tan trong nc si, glycerin 96%.
Dung dch acid boric 2%, pH = 5-5,5 [4].
Acid boric
2g
Nc ct va
100 ml
Suy ra mun pha 200 ml thuc nh mt th cn 4 g acid boric.
3.2. Chn cht ng trng
NaCl l cht rt tan trong nc, d kim r tin v cng l thnh phn ca nc mt.
Nc mt ng trng vi dung dch NaCl 0,9% c h bng im t 0,52 oC n
t 0,56 oC. Nu thuc nh mt khng ng trng vi nc mt s gy kch ng mt, nc
mt tit ra nhiu v y thuc ra ngoi. a s cc hot cht dng trong thuc nh mt thng
10

nng thp v thng nhc trng so vi nc mt. V vy vic ng trng ha thuc nh

mt l rt cn thit.
Tnh dung dich ng trng da vo phng php ng lng NaCl [4]
- p sut thm thu ca 4 g acid boric tng ng vi 2,08 g NaCl.
- p sut thm thu ca 1 g km sulfat tng ng vi 0.15 g NaCl.
Ta thy trong 200 ml thuc nh mt gm 4 g acid boric v 1 g km sulfat c p sut thm
thu tng ng 2,23 g NaCl tc l NaCl 1,15%. Do dung dch c tnh u trng nh. Theo
yu cu v ng trng ca thuc nh mt [4], th mt lnh c th chu c nhng dung dch
thuc c p sut thm thu tng ng vi dd NaCl c nng t 0,6-2%. Vy vi p sut
thm thu tng ng 2,23 g NaCl tc l NaCl 1,15% vn mc chp nhn c.
3.3. Chn cht bo qun
Dung dch NipaginM 20% , dung dch ny c tc dng khng khun tt hn khng nm,
hot tnh ti a pH<6, thng dng, r tin, ph hp vi dnh bo ch. NipaginM (Methyl
paraben) l mt ester ca p-hydroxy benzoic, d tng hp, khng c, bn vi nhit.
3.4. Dung mi
Nc ct pha tim t tiu chun ca dc in v tinh khit, v trng v khng c
cht gy st.
4. Cng thc bo ch 10 l thuc nh mt mi l 10ml
D tr pha 200 ml thuc nh mt Km sulfat
Tn nguyn liu
Theo l thuyt
Km sulfat dc dng
0,5 g
Acid boric ng trng
2g
Nipagin M 20%
0,25 ml
Nc ct
Va 100ml

Theo thc t
1g
4g
0,5 ml
Va 200ml

5. Quy trnh pha ch

- Cn nguyn liu chnh xc theo cng thc pha.
- Ly becher 250 ml cha khong 100 ml nc, ha tan 4 g acid boric, un trn bp cch
thy 60oC cho d tan. Dng a thy tinh khuy k cho tan hon ton. Cho t t 0,5 ml
Nipagin M 20% tng git vo khuy u cho tan hon ton. Sau dung dch ngui
hon ton.
- Ha tan km sulfat vo, khuy tan iu, chuyn vo bnh nh mc 200 ml thm nc ct
pha tim va .
- Lc s b qua phu thy tinh c giy lc.
- Kim tra pH.
- Lc qua mng milipore 0,22 m bng bm tim, lc trc tip vo chai.
- Kim tra th tch chai, th tch ng l 10 ml, dn nhn.
Kim tra cht lng thuc nh mt:
- Th tch: t 10 ml + 10%
- trong: dung dch phi trong, khng mu, khng c c cc tiu phn quan st c
bng mt thng.
- pH: phi t pH theo yu cu
- nh tnh, nh lng: t theo cc tiu chun dc in.

11

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1]. L Quan Nghim, Dung dch thuc, Bo ch v sinh dc hc, NXB Y Hc, 2014, tr 4494.
[2]. L Vn Lng, Thuc tim- thuc tim truyn, Bo ch v sinh dc hc, NXB Y Hc,
2014, tr 117-190.
[3]. B Y t, Chuyn lun Thuc tim Lidocain, Dc in Vit Nam IV, NXB Y Hc, 2009.
[4]. Trnh Th Thu Loan, Thuc nh mt, Bo ch v sinh dc hc, NXB Y Hc, 2014, tr 215,
219-232.
[5]. B Y t, Chuyn lun Thuc nh mt Km sulfat, Dc in Vit Nam IV, NXB Y Hc,
2009.
[6]. B Y t, Chuyn lun Thuc nh mt Cloramphenicol, Dc in Vit Nam IV, NXB Y
Hc, 2009.
[7]. B Y t, Chuyn lun Cloramphenicol, Dc th Quc gia 2, NXB Y Hc, 2015, tr.431.
[8]. Trn th Thu Hng, Cloramphenicol, Dc lc hc, NXB Phng ng, tr. 766 767.
[9]. Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, Table 6, British Pharmaceutical Codex 1973,
London, The Pharmaceutical Press 1973:983, p.53.

12

K HOCH THC HIN

Bui 1
Bui 2

Bui 3

Bui 4

Chun b chai l sch

Chun b nc ct v trng
Chun b thit b, dng c cho bi thc tp
Thuc tim Lidocain
- Pha ch thuc tim
- Kim tra bn thnh phm
- ng ng tit trng, dn nhn
Thuc nh mt Cloramphenicol
- Chun b ha cht, pha thuc nh mt.
- Kim tra pH, trong
- V chai, dn nhn
Thuc nh mt Km sulfat
- Chun b ha cht, pha thuc nh mt.
- Kim tra pH, trong
- V chai, dn nhn

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