T"giiphp"BcNam1963,n"scMarigold"

1966.P.1

Trckhibnvtiktrn,xinlcquaccbnvnphbinniv
nguynnhndnncichtcahaingDimvngNhudatheo
likcaccnhnvttrongTaBchcthiTTKennedy.

Thd,theongRogerHilsman,PhtngoiTrngcTrchVin
ngSV/AssistantUndersecretaryofStateforFarEasternAffairscho
rngvicchnhphNgnhDimkhngthihnhchngCIPth..."It
hasnotbeenimplemented,anditisafraud."

TrchontrongRogerHilsmanOralHistoryInterviewThVinJFK
ngyAugust14,1970

[...]PhasetwoofJackKennedy'spolicytowardsVietnamis,"Allright,let'sgive
counterinsurgencyatry."Now,counterinsurgencymeanstohimdon'tusemilitary
measures.Don'tchasetheVietCong,yousee.Anddon'tsendAmericantroops,
becauseAmericanswithwhitefaceswillwell,whiteandblackAmericanfaceswill
They'lldrivethepeasantsintothearmsofthecommunists.Whatcounterinsurgency
meansis:PersuadetheVietnamesethattheymustdoit,"it'stheirwar"(quote,
unquote)protectthepeasantswinthepeasants,throughlandreform,etceteraarm
thepeasantsdon'tchaseVietCongdon'tusemilitarymeasures.Allright,fromfrom
thefallof'6luptomyvisittheseideasbegantogerminate.FromthetimeIcomeback,
ourpolicyistopersuadeNgoDinhDiemoncounterinsurgency.That'searlyspring
"62untilthebeginningsoftheBuddhist'scrisis.Now,whathappensthenisthatwe
finallypersuadeDiemtoadopttheR.K.G.ThompsonHilsmancounterinsurgency
ideas.[...]
O"BRIEN:AndNgoDinhNhu.
HILSMAN:Now,waitaminute.Wepersuadehimtosignon,andhesignsthepieceof
paperinearly'62.Inearly'63,Igoonanothervisit.ZTMichaelv.MikeForrestalandI
aresentoutthereinJanuaryof'63.Andwediscoverwell,Idon'tknowthatwe
discovereditweconfirmedthatit'safraud,asham.TheAmericanmilitaryarestill
chasingVietCongandadvisingtheVietnamesetochaseWietCong.They'renot

adoptingtheprogramthePresidenthasrecommened,ourownmilitaryarenot.
DiemhasturnedthestragtichamletprogramovertoNhu,who'stakenthe
title,[...]thenameofit,andnothingelse.Andinfact,whatDiemsigned,whatwe
persuadedhimto,hadnotbeenadopted.Ithasnotbeenimplemented,anditisa
fraud...[1]

Ktqalbincngy1.11.1963xyra...vtiptheolngBundyc
vnchnhtrcaTTKennedyvJohnson(19611966)nhntrchnhim
vvicltchnhphDim(onvntrchdnphacuibi)

VthsaukhichnhphDimblt,khngcnaingncnvic"
don'tsendAmericantroops,"Donm1965quniMvtham
chintiVitNamvkhngcnl"it'stheirwar"na...Nhngcng
chnhnm1965Mitm"giiphp"ngngchintiVitNam.(!?)

Vth,cchngchtrnlphnmunivnguyndoclotbi
vitny,ghiliccbnvncngbtnm2000vkhochvnng
hagii"Marigold"domtbnctrongnhmemaildigestyucu:

CrtnhiuchuynvMarigold!mCcptkhuya.Bivyti
minhCxemk!

KhngbitchngLutSnyrefertiliuXnilmichogiimt2013
,vcnnildosdgiimttrc50nmlvccnhnvtinvolved
trongcht!!???MnhthcmcvcuLutSKHNGchobitti
liuXlfrom???SaohdmnitrcTVchominginukhngc
referencenghong??

ylldomoi"thcmc"!VnghlkhibnvtiliuXphirefer
vvnkinmiofficiallyreleasedchoPublic!!!(videoclipphadi)[2]

V.A.

Ngaykhinhnemaillnu,coiphadivideoclipkhngghi

NGUN/MainSourcesnnngivitkhngcoi.Nhngkhimtbn
cyucu(onvnghitrn)nnngivitnghevideoclipvk
hochhagii1966(MarigoldhaytiliuX)vtmtiliutheoyucu.

Trckhibnvochitit,xinchongivitchiaskhcmcvvic
MaqunvVN,hayvVietnamWar19541975,masschbo
vitvhuqa...nhngngivitchatmthybibonophntch,
phbnhldovsaoMtchiKHNGkthahiphtngqun
sgiaMvVNCH,mMtchiyucucaVNCHn2
LN,ln1vonm1957,vln2vonm1961?TrongkhithM
kthahiphtngqunsnyviccnckhctrongvng!!!

Ngoiracnldothhai,tchikhngcoi...vhiuchttv

nguynnhnvicMaqunthamchintiVN,nnkhngmun
nghevideoclipnivbmttiliuXvvicvnnghagii1966...
(mic:NguynnhnchnhkhinVNCHsp1975)[3]

Nhndpny,xinchiasnbncbnvnnivquanhgiaMv
VNCH,cnctheoAmericanDiplomacyphbnhvchnhschi
ngoitthiKennedynthiNixonvtvic:theunderminingofDiem
inSouthVietnam,nvic:theU.S.abandonmentoflongtimealliesin
SoutheastAsia...(!!!)
[...]

JohnF.Kennedyspresidencycombinedinspiringrhetoricaboutpromotingliberty
throughouttheworld("bearanyburden,""payanyprice")witharecklessamateurismin
theconductofforeignpolicy.ThatamateurismledtotheBayofPigsfiasco,thefailed
summitwithKhrushchevinVienna,theunsuccessfulattemptstoassassinateCuban
dictatorFidelCastro,theemptyresponsetotheconstructionoftheBerlinWall,the
underminingofDieminSouthVietnam,andthepromotionofarmscontrolasakey
elementinU.S.Sovietrelations.Kennedyandhisadvisers("thebestandthebrightest")
movedenergeticallyfromcrisistocrisis,andtimeandagain,inthewordsofarecent
historianoftheColdWar,"energyoutstrippedwisdom."[...]ertythroughouttheworld
("bearanyburden,""payanyprice")witharecklessamateurismintheconductofforeign

TheJohnsonadministrationfoughttheVietnamWarencumberedbywhatJames

Burnhamcalledthe"selfimposedstrategicprison"ofcontainment.U.S.strategy
throughouttheconflictwasdefensivetopreventacommunisttakeoverofSouth
Vietnam,nottoliberatetheNorthfromcommunistrule.Containmentalsodictated
JohnsonsunwillingnesstoaidthepopularuprisinginCzechoslovakiain1968,which
consequentlywascrushedbySoviettroops.TheSovietshadlearnedthelessonof
1956:containmentmeantthattheU.S.wouldshrinkfromattemptingtoexploit
vulnerabilitieswithintheSovietEmpire.Itwasastraightlinefromcontainmenttothe
socalled"Brezhnevdoctrine"whichproclaimedthatonceastateorterritoryfellunder
Sovietcontrol,itwouldremainunderSovietcontrol.

U.S.ColdWarpolicyduringtheNixonFordyearsdeemphasizedtheideological
componentoftheU.S.Sovietconflictandsoughttofostercooperation.

Thispolicycalled"dtente"emphasizedarmscontrol,tradeagreements,
superpowersummitry,andanoverall"lesseningoftension"betweenthesuperpowers.
[...].ButdtentehelpedtoideologicallydisarmtheWestbyfosteringillusionsaboutthe
natureofSovietcommunism.DtentesconsequencesincludedU.S.acquiescenceto
thelossofstrategicnuclearsuperiority,awillingnesstooverlookSovietcheatingon
armscontrolagreements,theU.S.abandonmentoflongtimealliesinSoutheast
Asia,andformalrecognitionintheHelsinkiAccordsofaSovietsphereofinfluence
inCentralandEasternEurope.NothingbettersymbolizedthelossofAmerican
confidenceandwillduringtheyearsofdtentethanPresidentFordsunwillingnessto
welcomeSovietdissidentAleksandrSolzhenitsyntotheWhiteHouseforfearof
offendingSovietleaders.[...]

Trchontrong:RonaldReaganandthecollapseofSovietEmpire
AmericanDiplomacyCopyright2016AmericanDiplomacyPublishers
ChapelHillNC.[4]

TrckhibnvvicMchngtmkimgiiphphabnhtiVN
19661968,lcnnichuynviMinBc,tngcngnncoilivic
ngNNhu,1963linhviminbcnhngMcanthipngn
chn...TheoCCaoxunVkchuyn...

Hi:KhingcngngNhuigpPhmHngBnhTuy,ngNhuc

chongbithaingihbnchuyngkhng?

p:Lcythkhng.ChbitchngticngnQunTnhLinhy

cmtvngdoCngqunkimsot.Banuctngisncpnh
mikhi.NhngnningNhubochngtingoi,cnngivpha
trcvitrmmt.CPhmHngch.Saunyvnhticng
khngtinhingNhu.Nhngquanhnggngtniravomtlc
noth,nidungcuchuyntrnmttingngh,gmnhiuiu
chonnayvnchactitl.Cmtiumphahrtquanngi,
nukhngbols,rtschngtrnhpChinLc.Hyucucho
bitailngichtrngvmcchlmg?ngNhutrli:ch
lmtchtrngcachnhphnhmbovsinhmngvtisnca
ngidn,ngnngasxmnhp,phphchcadukchccng
Ccngbocnbngtmcchnhphlngx,thchngtisb
lut10/59.Cnbccngcthvsngvidnlnhticcp

VcciukinhipthngthnhiulnTngThngDimni,
phic6giaion:

Btubngvicchodnhaimintraoithtntdo.
Richodnqualitdo
Th3lchodnhaibnctdochninhcsangbnkianu
mun
Th4mingiaiontraoikinht.VdminNamigoly
thancaminBcchnghn.
Quacccgiaionrimitintihipthng.
Vsaucngltngtuync.

ClnngNhutnhvichngti:ngdonrng,nuchodntdo
chnninhc,thcnctheotnhtrngvtdodnchtitvkinh
tkitqucaminBclcy,sckhong3triungidnsdn
dnvonhcminNam.Vvymnhphichunbtchodn.ng
cngtnhrnghindnsminBccti23triu,trongkhidnsmin
Namchc17triu.Nucc3triudnBcvonhcminNam
thdns2bnscnbng.Buctdo,visgimstcaQucT
thchcmnhsthng.


Hi:LnngthptngngNhuidlngquangcaqucvng
Marcnm1962,ngcchobitlsauccngnParisgpng
Pinay,idinTngThngCharlesDeGaulle,bnchuynhipthng
vingH.LcycmtgiosBuHikhng?

p:Dnhinlc.VGiosBuHiliscaVNCHMarc,v
lbnhcvingNhubnPhp.ngBuHilitnglcvncho
HChMinh.Nntrongvicny,cthnivaitrcangBuHicng
quantrngkhngkmngNhu.ngNhuvchngtikhchsnGrillon
cthng.Cuctipxcxyranhiulnmhunhlnnocngcs
hindincagiosBuHi.ngNhuchobitlcyngHChMinh
nhngJeanSaintenyxinTngThngDeGaullegip.ngHbitl
ngDeGaulleangcchtrngtrunglpngDng,lihnM
htcngPhp.ngHnhSaintenyxinTngThngDeGaullecan
thiptipxcviSiGn.TngThngPhprtstsngtrongvic
ny.SauchuyninytthngthxyravngNhuisncpTnh
Linh....[5]

CntheophaCIAcngbbnvn,bocovvicngNhura"
giiphp"BcNam1963.NugiiphpBcNamthnhhinthcth
CIPprogramcaMdngVNchnglichintranhgaiphngdoLin
Xxngskhngthpdngc.VChnhphDimchngvic
aquniMvoVN,vttmnglihagiiviminBc
chmdtchintranh.CngtheoCIA:htinrnggiiphphagii
vinhngngicngmtdntcvnhayhnlciutrcplc
cangaibang,"tngcnglchicinhcuicngngvoc
quantichnvichIVNCHbicctnglnhMinNamVN."
IfitbecameknownthatDiemandNhuseriouslyintendedtoseekan
accommodationwiththeNorth,thismightwellprecipitateacoupattempt
bycertainSouthVietnamesemilitaryleaders."[6]

VcichtcahaingNgnhDimvNgnhNhutrongcuco
chnh1963,ngBundycvnchnhtrcaTTKennedyvJohnson(
19611966)nhntrchnhim:

Theunseatingof[NgoDinh]Diem,insofaraswediditwedidn't
reallyintendtodoit,Kennedycertainlydidn'tthat'sapartnership.That's
[Roger]Hilsman,[Michael]Forrestal,andtherestofusallsaying,"Okay,try
itout."[7](Vccnhnvtsau1963...sbnsaulotemaildigestny
)

KtibnvtiliuX,haylkhoch"Hoavnth"1966,nhmtm
kimgiiphphagiitay3gmMCSBVVNCHthi1966cphi
lmttiliumthaykhng?bncdngnhndinvn,
ngivitkmtheoccvideoclipniv"TiliuX",haylkhoch
"Marigold"...hucthngtin,tinbsosnhviccbnvnlinh
nh:

ChichtchohabnhtiVN(WP2012:"Marigold"...)
"APlanforPoliticalResolutionofSouthVietnam."(1966)
Tisaokhoch"Hoavnth"/Marigoldchttrongtrngnc(
phbinnm2000)
LdotisaogiiphpqunskhngththngtiVN
v.v.

Ccbnvnlitktrn,strnhbysau,vnhthngl,ngivit
chbitcungcpbnvn(nhiuchiunucth)kmtheoMAIN
SOURCESlmbngchng.Cnphnnhnxtvphbnhthuc
vquyncangic.

dv

CNTIP

Ngun:

[1]ThvinJFK:RogerHilsman...

[2]aVideophngvnv/vTiliuXtmgncn6pht

bTTLBJMTCGViHN&SG196668?p1di20pht
cMTCGViHN&SG196668p2di20pht

[3]NguyndochnhkhinVNCHbspTheoThePentagonPapers(released2011)vTiliu
timttaBchc

[4]A
mericanDiplomacyphbnh...

[5]CCXV..v/vngNhuigpPhmHngBnhTuy

[6]CIA:"giiphp"BcNam1963

[7]ThvinLBJ:MCGEORGEBUNDYORALHISTORY,INTERVIEW...