General

Note:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/prgrmanc.sql
colalgorithm_nameformata15
colalgorithm_descriptionformata25
Encryption Algorithms

SELECT*FROMgv$rman_encryption_algorithms;
The default encryption algorithm is 128-bit AES.

Data Dictionary
Objects

Format Directives

DBA_HIST_INSTANCE_RECOVE
GV_$RECOVERY_STATUS
RY
V_$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_
DBA_RECOVERABLE_SCRIPT
USAGE
DBA_RECOVERABLE_SCRIPT_B
V_$INSTANCE_RECOVERY
LOCKS
DBA_RECOVERABLE_SCRIPT_E
V_$RECOVER_FILE
RRORS
DBA_RECOVERABLE_SCRIPT_P
V_$RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
ARAMS
GV_$INSTANCE_RECOVERY
V_$RECOVERY_FILE_STATUS
GV_$RECOVER_FILE
V_$RECOVERY_LOG
GV_$RECOVERY_FILE_STATUS V_$RECOVERY_PROGRESS
GV_$RECOVERY_LOG
V_$RECOVERY_STATUS
GV_$RECOVERY_PROGRESS
Format

Description

%a

Current database activation id

%A

Zero-filled activation ID

%c

The copy number of the backup piece within a set of duplexed

backup pieces.bMaximum value is 256

%d

Database name

%D

Current day of the month from the Gregorian calendar in format DD

%e

Archived log sequence number

%f

Absolute file number

%F

Combines the DBID, day, month, year, and sequence into a unique
and repeatable generated name

%h

Archived redo log thread number

%I

DBID

%M

Month in the Gregorian calendar in the format MM

%n

Database name, padded on the right with x characters to a total

length of eight characters

%N

Tablespace name. Only valid when backing up datafiles as image

copies.

Repository
Initialization
Parameters

%p

Piece number within the backup set. This value starts at 1 for each
backup set and is incremented by 1 for each backup piece created.
If a PROXY is specified, the %p variable must be included in the
FORMAT string either explicitly or implicitly within %U.

%r

Resetlogs ID

%s

Backup set number. This number is a counter in the control file that
is incremented for each backup set. The counter value starts at 1
and is unique for the lifetime of the control file. If you restore a
backup control file, then duplicate values can result. CREATE
CONTROLFILE initializes the counter at 1.

%S

Zero-filled sequence number

%t

Backup set time stamp, a 4-byte value derived as the number of

seconds elapsed since a fixed reference time. The combination of
%s and %t can be used to form a unique name for the backup set.

%T

Year, month, and day in the Gregorian calendar in the format:

YYYYMMDD

%u

An 8-character name constituted by compressed representations of

the backup set or image copy number and the time the backup set
or image copy was created

%U

A system-generated unique filename (default). %U is different for

image copies and backup pieces. For a backup piece, %U is a
shorthand for %u_%p_%c and guarantees uniqueness in generated
backup filenames. For an image copy of a datafile, %U means the
following:
data-D-%d_id-%I_TS-%N_FNO-%f_%u
For an image copy of an archived redo log, %U means the following:
arch-D_%d-id-%I_S-%e_T-%h_A-%a_%u
For an image copy of a control file, %U means the following:
cf-D_%d-id-%I_%u

%Y

Year in this format: YYYY

%%

Percent (%) character. For example, %%Y translates to the string

%Y

compatible=10.2.0
log_archive_format=RMAN_%s_%r_%d.arc
remote_login_passwordfile=SHARED
showparameterarchive_format

To create a
permanent NAS
Mount

asroot
$unmount/mnt
$mkdir/u01
$chownoracle:dba/u01
$chmod755/u01
$cd/etc
$vifstab
192.168.2.200:/vol/vol1/alpha1/u01nfs
rw,bg,intr,hard,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,noac,no

lock,tcp,vers=300
Create RMAN
Repository and
Catalog

/*asLinuxuseroraclemodifytheTNSNAMES.ORA
topointtothedatabasethatwillhostthe
repositorycatalog:Then...*/
$sqlplus/assysdba
usingOMF
SQL>CREATETABLESPACEcat_tbs;
SQL>CREATEUSERrepoomega
IDENTIFIEDBYoracle1
DEFAULTTABLESPACEcat_tbs
TEMPORARYTABLESPACEtemp
QUOTAUNLIMITEDONcat_tbs;
RMAN>GRANTcreatesessionTOrepoomega
RMAN>GRANTrecovery_catalog_ownerTO
repoomega;
RMAN>GRANTexecuteONdbms_statsTO
repoomega;fordemos
intheoperatingsystemshell
$rmantarget/catalogrepoomega/oracle1@repos
RMAN>createcatalogtablespacecat_tbs;
RMAN>registerdatabase;
RMAN>reportschema;
RMAN>configuredefaultdevicetypetodisk;
RMAN>configuredevicetypediskparallelism
2backuptypetocopy;
RMAN>configureretentionpolicytorecovery
windowof7days;
RMAN>configurebackupoptimizationon;

Put the database into

ARCHIVELOG mode

/*asLinuxuseroraclemodifytheTNSNAMES.ORA
topointtothedatabasethatwillhostthe
repositorycatalog:Then...*/
$sqlplus/assysdba
colnameformata30
colvalueformata30

SELECTname,value
FROMgv$parameter
WHEREnameLIKE'%arch%';
altertheSPFILEasrequired
shutdownimmediate;
startupmount;
alterdatabasearchivelog;
alterdatabaseopen;
archiveloglist;
altersystemswitchlogfile;
archiveloglist;
RMAN>BACKUPTAGQ107DATABASEKEEPFOREVER;
Commands
@
Execute a series of
script of RMAN
commands stored in
an operating system
file. Do not leave
whitespace between
the @ and filename.

@<path_and_file_name>
rmanTARGET/@backup_db.rcv
or
RMAN>RUN{@backup_db.rman}

@@
Execute script files
located in the same
directory as the file
from which it has
been called

@@<path_and_file_name>
TBD

ADVISE FAILURE
Displays repair
options for the
specified failures.
Prints a summary of
the failures identified
by the Data Recovery
Advisor and implicitly
closes all open
failures that are
already fixed.

ADVISEFAILURE<ALL|CRITICAL|HIGH|LOW|
failure_number_list>
EXCLUDEFAILURE<failure_number_list>
RMAN>LISTFAILURE;
RMAN>ADVISEFAILUREALL;
RMAN>REPAIRFAILURE;

ALLOCATE CHANNEL
To manually allocate a channel, which is a connection between RMAN and a database instance.
Each connection initiates an database server session on the target or auxiliary instance: this server
session performs the work of backing up, restoring, or recovering RMAN backups.
Manually allocated channels (allocated by using ALLOCATE) should be distinguished from
automatically allocated channels (specified by using CONFIGURE). Manually allocated channels
apply only to the RUN job in which you issue the command. Automatic channels apply to any RMAN
job in which you do not manually allocate channels. You can always override automatic channel
configurations by manually allocating channels within a RUN command.
Each channel operates on one backup set or image copy at a time. RMAN automatically releases the
channel at the end of the job.
You can control the degree of parallelism within a job by allocating the desired number of channels.
Allocating multiple channels simultaneously allows a single job to read or write multiple backup sets
or disk copies in parallel. If you establish multiple connections, then each connection operates on a
separate backup set or disk copy.
Whether ALLOCATE CHANNEL causes operating system resources to be allocated immediately
depends on the operating system. On some platforms, operating system resources are allocated at
the time the command is issued. On other platforms, operating system resources are not allocated
until you open a file for reading or writing.
Allocating a Single Backup Channel
Allocate a disk
channel

ALLOCATE[AUXILIARY]CHANNEL<channel_name>[,
<channel_id>,DEVICETYPE
<device_type_name>[allocation_operand_list]
SQL>descgv$backup_device
SQL>SELECT*FROMgv$backup_device;
RMAN>RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK
FORMAT'/u01/backups/%U';
BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
RELEASECHANNEL;
}

Allocates a tape
channel for a whole
database and
archived redo log
backup

RMANRUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELtape1DEVICETYPEsbt;
BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
RELEASECHANNEL;
}

Spread the backup

across several disk
drives. Allocate one
DEVICE TYPE DISK
channel for ach disk
drive and specify the
format string so that
the filenames are on

RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK
FORMAT'/u01/backups/%U';
ALLOCATECHANNELd2DEVICETYPEDISK
FORMAT'/u02/backups/%U';
BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;

different disks
When creating
multiple copies of a
backup, you can
specify the SET
BACKUP
COPIES command.
The following
example generates a
single backup of the
database to disk,
and then creates two
identical backups of
datafile 1 to two
different file systems

RELEASECHANNEL;
}
RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELc1DEVICETYPE
DISKMAXPIECESIZE5M;
#ASCOPYisthedefault,soRMANcreates
imagecopies
BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
SETBACKUPCOPIES=2;
BACKUPDATAFILE1FORMAT'/u01/backups/%U',
'/u02/backups/%U';
}

Allocate Maintenance Channel

*Allocates a channel
in preparation for a
CHANGE, DELETE,
or CROSSCHECK.
This cannot be used
within a RUN block.

ALLOCATECHANNELFORMAINTENANCEDEVICETYPE
<device_specifier>[allocation_operand_list];
RMAN>ALLOCATECHANNELFORMAINTENANCEDEVICE
TYPEDISK;|

ALTER CLONE
?

ALTERCLONE....
TBD

ALTER DATABASE
ALTERDATABASE<MOUNT|OPEN|OPENRESETLOGS>;
Mount and open the
database

Mount and open the

database resetlogs

RMAN>STARTUPNOMOUNT;
RMAN>ALTERDATABASEMOUNT;
RMAN>BACKUPDATABASE;
RMAN>ALTERDATABASEOPEN;
RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELch1DEVICETYPEsbt;
SETUNTILSCN1024;
RESTOREDATABASE;
RECOVERDATABASE;
ALTERDATABASEOPENRESETLOGS;
}

BACKUP
-- Back up a database, tablespace, datafile (current or copy), control file (current or copy), SPFILE,
archived log, or backup set.

BACKUP<BackupOperand>CHANNEL'<channel_id>'CHECKLOGICAL
COPIES<integer>
CUMULATIVEDEVICETYPE<deviceSpecifier>DISKRATIO<integer>
DURATION
<FileNameConversionSpecification>FILERPERSET<integer>FORCE
<AUXILIARYFORMAT<formatSpec,NEW>|FORMAT<formatSpec>
<forRecoveryOfSpec>
FULL
<keepoption>
MAXSETSIZE<sizeSpec>
<notBackedUpSpec>
NOCHECKSUMNOEXCLUDEPOOL<integer>PROXY[ONLY]REUSE
SECTIONSIZE<sizeSpec><skipSpec>
TAG'<tag_name>'VALIDATE
-- Back up a database, tablespace, datafile (current or copy), control file (current or copy), SPFILE,
archived log, or backup set.

BACKUP<BackupOperand>CHANNEL'<channel_id>'CHECKLOGICAL
COPIES<integer>
CUMULATIVEDEVICETYPE<deviceSpecifier>DISKRATIO<integer>
DURATION
<FileNameConversionSpecification>FILERPERSET<integer>FORCE
<AUXILIARYFORMAT<formatSpec,NEW>|FORMAT<formatSpec>
<forRecoveryOfSpec>
INCREMENTAL<LEVEL|FROMSCN><integer>
<keepoption>
MAXSETSIZE<sizeSpec>
<notBackedUpSpec>
NOCHECKSUMNOEXCLUDEPOOL<integer>PROXY[ONLY]REUSE
SECTIONSIZE<sizeSpec><skipSpec>
TAG'<tag_name>'VALIDATE
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG
Backs up copy of
each distinct log
sequence number

BACKUPARCHIVELOG<ALL|...>....
RMAN>BACKUPARCHIVELOGALL;

BACKUP AUXILIARY
?

BACKUPAUXILIARY....
TBD

BACKUP AS BACKUPSET
In the first RMAN
places datafiles 3
through 7 into one
backup set and
datafiles 8 and 9 into
another. In the
second all datafiles
go into a single
backup set.

BACKUPASBACKUPSETDEVICETYPE
<device_identifier>COPIES<integer>
DATABASEFORMAT'<location_and_format>'....
BACKUPASBACKUPSET(DATAFILE3,4,5,6,7)
(DATAFILE8,9);

BACKUPASBACKUPSETDATAFILE3,4,5,6,7,8,
9;
BACKUP AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET
Create two copies of
a compressed
backupset.

BACKUPASCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETDEVICETYPE
<device_identifier>
COPIES<integer>
DATABASEFORMAT'<location_and_format>'
BACKUPASCOMPRESSEDBACKUPSETDEVICETYPEDISK
COPIES2
DATABASEFORMAT'/u01/db_%U','/u02/db_%U';

BACKUP AS COPY
Backing up as an
image copy

BACKUPASCOPY<backup_specification>....
RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELdev1DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT
'/u01/%U';
ALLOCATECHANNELdev2DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT
'/u02/%U';
BACKUPASCOPYTABLESPACEsystem,tools,
users,undotbs;
BACKUPASCOPYCURRENTCONTROLFILE;
}

BACKUP BLOCKS
?

BACKUPBLOCKS....
TBD

BACKUP CHANNEL
Manually allocate a
channel, in order to
specify that the
backup run by this
channel should go to
both pools first_copy
and second_copy.
Back up only logs
without 2 backups on
disk

BACKUPCHANNEL'<channel_id>'....
RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd2DEVICETYPEDISK

PARMS='ENV=(NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=first_copy)';
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK

PARMS='ENV=(NSR_DATA_VOLUME_POOL=second_copy)';
BACKUPCHANNELd1ARCHIVELOGUNTILTIME
'SYSDATE'
NOTBACKEDUP2TIMESTAGSECOND_COPY;
BACKUPCHANNELd2ARCHIVELOGUNTILTIME
'SYSDATE'
NOTBACKEDUP2TIMESTAGFIRST_COPY;
}

BACKUP CHECK
SET MAXCORRUPT
indicates that no
more than 1
corruption should be
tolerated in each
datafile. Because the
CHECK LOGICAL
option is specified on
the BACKUP
command, RMAN
checks for both
physical and logical
corruption.

BACKUPCHECK[LOGICAL]
<database_specifications>
RUN{
SETMAXCORRUPTFORDATAFILE5,6,7,8TO1;
BACKUPCHECKLOGICALDATABASE;
}

BACKUP CONTROLFILECOPY
?

BACKUPCONTROLFILECOPY....
TBD

BACKUP COPY
?

BACKUPCOPY....
TBD

BACKUP COPIES
Define the number of
backup copies to
create

BACKUPCOPIES<integer>....
RUN{
BACKUPCOPIES2DEVICETYPEsbtBACKUPSET
ALL;
}

BACKUP CUMMULATIVE
?

BACKUPCUMMULATIVE....
TBD

BACKUP CURRENT
Backup the current
Control File to the
default or specified
location

BACKUPCURRENTCONTROLFILE[TODESTINATION
<destination_path>];
RUN{
BACKUPCURRENTCONTROLFILETO
DESTINATION'/u01/backups';
}

BACKUP DATABASE
Backup Database

Backup Database
Plus Archivelog

RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK;
BACKUPDATABASE;
}
RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK;

BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
}
BACKUP DATAFILE
Datafile backup to
multiple locations

BACKUPDATAFILE<integer>[FORMAT
'<location_and_name_format>']
BACKUPDATAFILE<integer>[TO'<location>']
RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK;
BACKUPDATAFILE1FORMAT'/u01/backups/%U',
'/u02/backups/%U';
BACKUPDATAFILE6TO'/u01/backups',
'/u02/backups';
}

BACKUP DATAFILECOPY
?

BACKUPDATAFILECOPY....
TBD

BACKUP DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
?

BACKUPDB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT....
TBD

BACKUP DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
?

BACKUPDB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST....
TBD

BACKUP DEVICE TYPE

RMAN locates all
datafile copies with
the tag
LATESTCOPY, backs
them up to tape, and
names the backups
by means of
substitution variables.
After the datafile
copies are on tape,
the example deletes
all image copies with
the tag
LATESTCOPY.

BACKUPDEVICETYPE<DISK|SBT>....
RMAN>{
BACKUPDEVICETYPEsbt
DATAFILECOPYFROMTAG'LATESTCOPY'FORMAT
'Datafile%f_Database%d';
DELETECOPYTAG'LATESTCOPY';
}

BACKUP DISKRATIO
Populate each
backup set with
datafiles from the
specified number of
disks. To disable set
to 0.
BACKUP DURATION

RMAN>BACKUPDISKRATIO0;disable
RMAN>BACKUPDISKRATIO5;enable

BACKUPDURATION<HH:MI><backup_specification>
[MINIMIZE<LOAD|TIME>]
Backup will stop if it is
not completed in the BACKUPDURATION<HH:MI><backup_specification>
specified duration
PARTIAL
RMAN>BACKUPDURATION3:30DATABASE;
BACKUP FILE
?

BACKUPFILE....
TBD

BACKUP FILESPERSET
?

BACKUPFILESPERSET....
TBD

BACKUP ... FOR RECOVER OF ...

This command will
give me a level 1
backup to be used to
recover level 0
backup to the latest
level

BACKUP...FORRECOVEROFCOPYWITHTAG....

Alters the RECOVER

COPY... WITH TAG to
perform incomplete
recovery of the
datafile copies to the
point in time in the
past where you want
your window of
recoverability to
begin. Maintain a 7
day window.

RUN{
RECOVERCOPYOFDATABASEWITHTAG
'incr_update'UNTILTIME'SYSDATE7';
BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL1FORRECOVEROF
COPYWITHTAG'incr_upd'
DATABASE;
}

RMAN>BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL1FORRECOVER
OFCOPYWITHTAG'incr_upd'DATABASEFORMAT
'/oradata/rman/161932/inc_%d_%T_%t_%s_%p';

BACKUP FORCE
Forces RMAN to
ignore backup
optimization even if
CONFIGURE
BACKUP
OPTIMIZATION is ON

BACKUPFORCE<backup_specification>
RMAN>BACKUPFORCEDATABASE;

BACKUP FORMAT
Specify Backup
Format

BACKUPFORMAT<format_specification>....
RMAN>BACKUPFORMAT='UW_%d/%t/%s/%p'
ARCHIVELOGLIKE'%arc_dest%';

BACKUP FROM
?

BACKUPFROM....
TBD

BACKUP FULL
Creates a backup of

BACKUPFULL

all blocks of datafiles

included in the
backup

RMAN>BACKUPFULL;

BACKUP INCREMENTAL
Incremental Backup
Level 0

BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL<level_number>
[CUMULATIVE|DIFFERENTIAL>....
BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL0DATABASE;

Incremental Backup
Level 1
Run to back up blocks
that have changed
since most recent
level 0 or 1

Copies two datafiles

and exempts them
from the retention
policy forever

BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL1CUMULATIVEDATABASE;
BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL1DIFFERENTIAL
TABLESPACEusers;
BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL1CUMULATIVESKIP
INACCESSIBLEDATABASE;
BACKUPKEEP<FOREVER|UNTILTIME'date_string'
[RESTOREPOINT<restore_point_name>]
RMAN>SHUTDOWNIMMEDIATE;
RMAN>STARTUPMOUNT;
RMAN>BACKUPKEEPFOREVERFORMAT'?/dbs/
%U_longterm.cpy'
TAGLNGTRM_BCKDATAFILE5DATAFILE6;
RMAN>ALTERDATABASEOPEN;

BACKUP KEEP
?

BACKUPKEEP....
TBD

BACKUP MAXSETSIZE
?

BACKUPMAXSETSIZE....
TBD

BACKUP NOCHECKSUM
?

BACKUPNOCHECKSUM....
TBD

BACKUP NOEXCLUDE
?

BACKUPNOEXCLUDE....
TBD

BACKUP NOKEEP
?

BACKUPNOKEEP....
TBD

BACKUP NOT
?

BACKUPNOT....

TBD
BACKUP PROXY
?

BACKUPPROXY....
TBD

BACKUP POOL
?

BACKUPPOOL....
TBD

BACKUP RECOVERY
?

BACKUPRECOVERY....
TBD

BACKUP REUSE
?

BACKUPREUSE....
TBD

BACKUP SECTION
?

BACKUPSECTION....
TBD

BACKUP SETSIZE
?

BACKUPSETSIZE....
TBD

BACKUP SKIP READONLY

?

BACKUPSKIPREADONLY....
TBD

BACKUP SPFILE
Backup the Server
Parameter file to the
default or specified
location

BACKUPSPFILE[TODESTINATION
<destination_path>]
RMAN>BACKUPSPFILETODESTINATION
'/u01/backups';

BACKUP TAG
Backup the database
and apply a user
specified tag

BACKUPTAG'<tag_name>'....
RMAN>BACKUPTAG'weekly_full_db_bkup'DATABASE
MAXSETSIZE10M;

BACKUP TABLESPACE
?

BACKUPTABLESPACE....
TBD

BACKUP TO
?

BACKUPTO....

TBD
BACKUP VALIDATE

BACKUPVALIDATE....

TBD

BLOCKRECOVER
Block media recovery recovers an individual data block or set of data blocks within a datafile. This
type of recovery is useful if the data loss or corruption applies to a small number of blocks rather than
to an entire datafile.
Typically, block corruption is reported in error messages in trace files. Block-level data loss usually
results from:

I/O errors causing minor data loss

Memory corruptions that get flushed to disk

BLOCKRECOVER ALLOW
?

BLOCKRECOVERALLOW....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER ARCHIVELOG
?

BLOCKRECOVERARCHIVELOG....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER AUXILIARY
?

BLOCKRECOVERAUXILIARY....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER CHECK
?

BLOCKRECOVERCHECK....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER CLEAR
?

BLOCKRECOVERCLEAR....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER COPY
?

BLOCKRECOVERCOPY....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER CORRUPTION
?

BLOCKRECOVERCORRUPTION....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER DATABASE

BLOCKRECOVERDATABASE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER DATAFILE
Recover corrupt
blocks in 3 data files

BLOCKRECOVERDATAFILE<data_file_number>BLOCK
<block_list>
RMAN>BLOCKRECOVERDATAFILE2BLOCK12,13;
RMAN>BLOCKRECOVERDATAFILE2BLOCK
12,13DATAFILE3BLOCK5,98,99
DATAFILE4BLOCK19;

Limit block recovery

by restoration type

BLOCKRECOVERDATAFILE<data_file_number>BLOCK
<block_list>TABLESPACE<tablespace_name>FROMD
ATAFILECOPY
RUN{
BLOCKRECOVERDATAFILE3
BLOCK2,3,4,5TABLESPACEsalesDBA4194405,
4194409,4194412
FROMDATAFILECOPY;
}

BLOCKRECOVER DATAFILECOPY
?

BLOCKRECOVERDATAFILECOPY....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER DELETE
?

BLOCKRECOVERDELETE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER DEVICE
?

BLOCKRECOVERDEVICE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER EXCLUDE
?

BLOCKRECOVEREXCLUDE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER FROM
?

BLOCKRECOVERFROM....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER NOFILE UPDATE

?

BLOCKRECOVERNOFILEUPDATE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER NOPARALLEL

BLOCKRECOVERNOPARALLEL....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER NOREDO
?

BLOCKRECOVERNOREDO....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER PARALLEL
?

BLOCKRECOVERPARALLEL....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER PREVIEW
?

BLOCKRECOVERPREVIEW....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER RESTORE
?

BLOCKRECOVERRESTORE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER SAVE
?

BLOCKRECOVERSAVE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER SKIP READONLY

?

BLOCKRECOVERSKIPREADONLY....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER SAVE
?

BLOCKRECOVERSAVE....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER TABLESPACE
Limit block recovery
by backup tag

Limit block recovery

by time

Repair all corrupt

blocks in the
database using
gv$database_block_c
orruption

BLOCKRECOVERTABLESPACE<tablespace_name>...
BLOCKRECOVERTABLESPACESYSTEMDBA4194404,
4194405FROMTAG"weekly_backup";
BLOCKRECOVERTABLESPACE<tablespace_name>...
BLOCKRECOVERTABLESPACESYSTEMDBA4194404,
4194405RESTOREUNTILTIME'SYSDATE2';
BLOCKRECOVERCORRUPTIONLIST
BACKUPVALIDATEDATABASE;
BLOCKRECOVERCORRUPTIONLIST;

BLOCKRECOVER TEST
?

BLOCKRECOVERTEST....

TBD
BLOCKRECOVER UNDO
?

BLOCKRECOVERUNDO....
TBD

BLOCKRECOVER VALIDATE
?

BLOCKRECOVERVALIDATE....
TBD

CATALOG
Adds information about file copies and user-managed backups to the repository
CATALOG ARCHIVELOG
Back the named archive
log

CATALOGARCHIVELOG'<file_name_list>'
RMAN>CATALOGARCHIVELOG'

CATALOG BACKUP
Catalogs the backups
specified

CATALOGBACKUP...
RMAN>CATALOGBACKUP...

CATALOG BACKUPPIECE
Catalogs the backup
pieces in the new
location

CATALOGBACKUPPIECE<file_name_list>
RMAN>CATALOGBACKUPPIECE'/u01/c874220581
2008031501';USING
targetdatabasecontrolfileinsteadof
recoverycatalog
catalogedbackuppiecebackuppiece
handle=/u01/c8742205812008031501
RECID=8
STAMP=607695990;

CATALOG CLONE
?

CATALOGCLONE...
TBD

CATALOG CONTROLFILECOPY

CATALOGCONTROLFILECOPY
<controlfilecopy_name_list>
Catalog the control files
identified

RMAN>COPYCURRENTCONTROLFILETO'/stage';
RMAN>CATALOG
CONTROLFILECOPY'/stage/control01.ctl'

CATALOG DATAFILECOPY
Specifies that the

DATAFILECOPY<file_name_list>LEVEL<integer>

datafile copy should

be recorded as a level
0 incremental backup
(0 is the only valid
value of LEVEL)

RMAN>CATALOG
DATAFILECOPY'/stage/users01.dbf';
RMAN>CATALOG
DATAFILECOPY'/u02/backup/users01.bak'LEVEL0;
RMAN>LISTCOPY;

CATALOG DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Catalog the Backup
Pieces held in the
location set by
DB_RECOVERY_FIL
E_DEST

CATALOGDB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
RMAN>CATALOGDB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;

CATALOG DEVICE

CATALOGDEVICE...

TBD

CATALOG RECOVERY
Catalog all files in the
currently enabled
flash recovery area

CATALOGRECOVERYAREA
RMAN>CATALOGRECOVERYAREA;

CATALOG START
Catalog all files in a
named disk location

CATALOGSTARTWITH<path_name>[NOPROMPT]
RMAN>CATALOGSTART
WITH'/u02/archivelog'NOPROMPT;

CHANGE
To make the following changes:

To change the status of backups, copies, and archived logs in the repository to AVAILABLE
or UNAVAILABLE. This feature is useful when a previously unavailable file is made available
again, or you do not want a specific backup or copy to be eligible to be restored but also do
not want to delete it.

To alter the repository status of usable backups and copies from prior incarnations.

To remove catalog records for backups and copies, and update the corresponding records in
the target control file to status DELETED. This feature is useful when you remove a file by
using an operating system command rather than the RMAN CHANGE command, and want
to remove its repository record as well.

To specify that a backup or copy should either abide by the currently configured retention
policy or be exempt from it.

CHANGE ARCHIVELOG
Move all archived
logs to a new
directory, uncatalog

CHANGEARCHIVELOG...
HOST'mv$ORACLE_HOME/oradata/trgt/arch/*
/fs2/arch';

them, and then

recatalog them in the
CHANGE BACKUP
Change the status of
all backups of server
parameter files
created more than a
day ago to
UNAVAILABLE

CHANGEARCHIVELOGALLUNCATALOG;
CATALOGSTARTWITH'/fs2/arch';
CHANGEBACKUP...
CHANGEBACKUPOFSPFILECOMPLETEDBEFORE
'SYSDATE1'UNAVAILABLE;
CHANGEBACKUPOFARCHIVELOGALLNOKEEP;

CHANGE BACKUPSET
Change the status a
backup set

CHANGEBACKUPSET...

Change an ordinary
backup into a longterm backup

CHANGEBACKUPSET...

CHANGEBACKUPSET42UNAVAILABLE;
CHANGEBACKUPTAG'consistent_db_bkup'KEEP
FOREVERNOLOGS;

CHANGE CHANGEFAILURE
?

CHANGECHANGEFAILURE...
TBD

CHANGE CONTROLFILECOPY
?

CHANGECONTROLFILECOPY...
TBD

CHANGE COPY
?

CHANGECOPY...
TBD

CHANGE DATAFILECOPY
?

CHANGEDATAFILECOPY...
TBD

CHANGE DB_UNIQUE_NAME_FROM
?

CHANGEDB_UNIQUE_NAME_FROM...
TBD

CONFIGURE
To configure persistent settings affecting RMAN backup, restore, duplication, and maintenance jobs.
These configurations are in effect for any RMAN session until the configuration is cleared or
changed.

$rman
Configuration
Defaults

RMAN>SHOWALL

RMAN>CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGBACKUPCOPIESFORDEVICETYPE
DISKTO1;
RMAN>CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGDELETIONPOLICYTONONE;
RMAN>CONFIGUREBACKUPOPTIMIZATIONOFF;
RMAN>CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPOFF;
RMAN>CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMATFORDEVICE
TYPEDISKTO'%F';
RMAN>CONFIGUREDATAFILEBACKUPCOPIESFORDEVICETYPE
DISKTO1;
RMAN>CONFIGUREDEFAULTDEVICETYPETODISK;
RMAN>CONFIGUREDEVICETYPEDISKPARALLELISM1BACKUP
TYPETOBACKUPSET;
RMAN>CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONFORDATABASEOFF;
RMAN>CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONALGORITHM'AES128';
RMAN>CONFIGUREMAXSETSIZETO2G;
RMAN>CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYTOREDUNDANCY1;
RMAN>CONFIGURESNAPSHOTCONTROLFILENAMETO

'/app/oracle/product/flash_recovery_area/snapshot.ctl';
CONFIGURE AUXILIARY

CONFIGUREAUXILIARYCHANNEL<DEVICE,
INTEGER>....
RMAN>CONFIGUREAUXILARY

CONFIGURE AUXNAME
Set and clear an
auxiliary name for a
datafile

CONFIGUREAUXNAMEFORDATAFILE
<data_file_number>TO<path_and_file_name>
CONFIGUREAUXNAMEFORDATAFILECLEAR
RMAN>CONFIGUREAUXNAMEFORDATAFILE5TO
'/home/oracle/auxfiles/aux1.f';
RMAN>CONFIGUREAUXNAMEFORDATAFILE4CLEAR;

CONFIGURE CHANNEL

CONFIGURECHANNEL<DEVICETYPE|INTEGER>
<configuration|CLEAR>
RMAN>CONFIGURECHANNELDEVICETYPE'SBT_TAPE'
CLEAR;
CONFIGURECLONENAME....
RMAN>CONFIGURECLONENAME

CONFIGURE COMPATIBLE
?

CONFIGURECOMPATIBLE....
RMAN>CONFIGURECOMPATIBLE

CONFIGURE COMPRESSION
Configure a backup

CONFIGURECOMPRESSIONALGORITHM<CLEAR|
'<quoted_string>'>

compression
algorithm

SELECTalgorithm_name,algorithm_description
FROMv$rman_compression_algorithm;
RMAN>CONFIGURECOMPRESSIONALGORITHM'ZLIB';

CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE
Enable autobackup
and configure the
default autobackup
format for a DISK
device

CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUP
CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPON;
CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMATFOR
DEVICETYPEDISKTO'/u02/%F';

CONFIGURE DB_UNIQUE_NAME

CONFIGUREDB_UNIQUE_NAME'<db_unique_name>'
<CLEAR|CONNECTIDENTIFIER'<quoted_string>'>
TBD

Set and clear

encryption

CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONALGORITHM<CLEAR|
encryption_algorithm>
SQL>colalgorithm_nameformata20
SQL>colalgorithm_descriptionformata25
SQL>SELECTalgorithm_name,
algorithm_description
FROMv$rman_encryption_algorithms;
RMAN>CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONALGORITHM'AES256';
RMAN>CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONCLEAR;

Configure Database
or Tablespace
Encryption

CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONFOR<DATABASE|TABLESPACE
<tablespace_name>>
<ON|OFF|CLEAR>
RMAN>CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONFORDATABASEON;
RMAN>CONFIGUREENCRYPTIONFOR
TABLESPACEuwdataOFF;

CONFIGUREEXCLUDE...
TBD

CONNECT
Creates a connection between RMAN and a target, auxiliary, or recovery catalog database

Auxiliary

CONNECTAUXILIARY
<user_id>/<password>@<instance>
$rmanauxiliaryoracle/oracle1@prodb

CONNECT
Catalog

$rmancatalogrepoomega/oracle1@repos
$rman
RMAN>connectcatalogrepoomega/oracle1@repos

Target only

CONNECTTARGET<user_id>/<password>@<instance>
$rmantarget/
$rman>
RMAN>connecttarget/catalogrepoomega/oracl
e1@repos

Target and Catalog

CONNECT
$rmantarget/catalogrepoomega/oracle1@repos
$rman>
RMAN>connecttarget/catalogrepoomega/oracl
e1@repos

Target without a
catalog

CONNECT
$rman
RMAN>connect
targetomega1/omega1@emrepNOCATALOG

CONVERT
Converts a datafile, tablespace or database to the format of a destination platform, in preparation for
transport across different platforms
CONVERT DATABASE
Uses CONVERT
DATABASE NEW
DATABASE to convert
datafiles and generate a
transport script

CONVERTDATABASENEWDATABASE'<db_name>'
TRANSPORTSCRIPT'<script_location>'
TOPLATFORM'<platform_name>'
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT'<source_location>
<destination_location>'
CONVERTDATABASE
NEWDATABASE'prodb'
TRANSPORT
SCRIPT'/tmp/convertdb/transportscript'
TOPLATFORM'LinuxIA(64bit)'
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT'/u01/oradata',
'/stage/dbfiles';

CONVERT DATAFILE
Converts the datafiles to

CONVERTDATAFILE<datafile_name_list>
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT'<source_location>

be transported to the
destination host format
and deposits the results
in /u02/oradata

<destination_location>'
FROMPLATFORM<original_platform_name>
CONVERTDATAFILE
'/tmp/transport_from_aix/u01/uwdata01.dbf',
'/tmp/transport_from_aix/u01/uwdata02.dbf',
'/tmp/transport_from_aix/u03/users01.dbf',
'/tmp/transport_from_aix/u03/users02.dbf'
DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
'/app/oracle/product/oradata','/stage/oradata',
'/tmp/transport_from_solaris/hr','/stage/oradat
a'
FROMPLATFORM'LinuxIA(64bit)';

CONVERT TABLESPACE
Convert a tablespaces to
64 bit Linux

CONVERTTABLESPACE<tablespace_name_list>TO
PLATFORM<platform_name>FORMAT
'<format_string>'
descv$transportable_platform
SELECTplatform_name,endian_format
FROMv$transportable_platform;
CONVERTTABLESPACEuwdata,usersTOPLATFORM
'LinuxIA(64bit)'
FORMAT
'/app/oracle/product/flash_recovery_area/linux6
4/%U';

COPY
?

COPYARCHIVELOG...(level,nochecksum,nokeep,
reuse,tag)
RMAN>COPYARCHIVELOG

?
?

COPYBACKUP...
RMAN>COPYBACKUP
COPYCHECK...
RMAN>COPYCHECK
COPYCONTROLFILECOPY...
RMAN>COPYCONTROLFILECOPY
COPYCURRENT...
RMAN>COPYCURRENT
COPYDATAFILE...

RMAN>COPYDATAFILE
?

COPYDATAFILECOPY...
RMAN>COPYDATAFILECOPY
COPYKEEP...
RMAN>COPYKEEP

CREATE
CREATE CATALOG
Create a recovery
catalog or a virtual
private catalog

CREATE[VIRTUAL]CATALOG;
RMAN>CREATECATALOG;
SQL>connrepoomega/oracle1@repos
SQL>SELECTobject_type,COUNT(*)
FROMuser_objects;
RMAN>DROPCATALOG;
SQL>SELECTobject_type,COUNT(*)
FROMuser_objects;

CREATE RESTORE POINT

CREATERESTOREPOINT<restore_point_name>
Create a restore point

RMAN>CREATERESTOREPOINTapp_patch;
RMAN>DROPRESTOREPOINTapp_patch;

CREATE SCRIPT
Creates a stored
script called
backup_whole that
backs up the
database and
archived redo logs

Creates a stored
script called
backup_whole that
backs up the
database and
archived redo logs

CREATE[GLOBAL]SCRIPT'<script_name>'
COMMENT'<comment>'
{RMAN_command_list}
FROMFILE'<file_name>'
CREATESCRIPTbackup_whole
COMMENT"backupwholedatabaseandlogs"
{
BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL0TAGb_whole_l0
DATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
}
CREATEGLOBALSCRIPTglobal_backup_db
COMMENT"backupanydatabasefromtherecovery
catalog,withlogs"
{
BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
}

CROSSCHECK
Verify the status of backups and copies recorded in the RMAN repository against media such as disk
or tape. The CROSSCHECK command only processes files created on the same device type as the
channels running the crosscheck.
Status
AVAILABLE

Description
The Object is available for use by RMAN. For a backup set to be AVAILABLE, all
set backup pieces must be AVAILABLE.

EXPIRED

Object is not found either in file system (for DISK) or in the media manager (for sbt).
Note that for a backup set to be EXPIRED, all backup pieces in the set must be
EXPIRED. EXPIRED does not mean the same as OBSOLETE.

UNAVAILABLE

Object is not available for use by RMAN. For a backup set to be UNAVAILABLE, all
backup pieces must be UNAVAILABLE.

The following objects can be crosschecked:

ARCHIVELO BACKU BACKUPPIE BACKUPSE CONTROLFILECO COP DATAFILECOP PROX
G
P
CE
T
PY
Y
Y
Y
CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG
Allocate a channel
and crosscheck all
archivelogs

CROSSCHECK<archivelogRecordSpecifier>
RMAN>RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1FORMAINTENANCEDEVICE
TYPEDISK;
CROSSCHECKARCHIVELOGALL;
RELEASECHANNEL;
}

CROSSCHECK BACKUP
Allocate a channel,
crosscheck backups
in a date range and
release the channel
after use

CROSSCHECKBACKUP....
RMAN>RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1FORMAINTENANCEDEVICE
TYPEDISK;
CROSSCHECKBACKUPDEVICETYPEDISKCOMPLETED
BETWEEN'01JUL08'AND'30SEP08';
RELEASECHANNEL;
}

CROSSCHECK BACKUPPIECE
Checks that specific
backuppieces still
exist

CROSSCHECKBACKUPPIECE....
RMAN>CROSSCHECKBACKUPPIECE

CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET
Checks that specific
backupsets still exist

CROSSCHECKBACKUPSETOF<backupsetidentifier>;
RMAN>CROSSCHECKBACKUPSETOFTABLESPACE
UWDATA;

CROSSCHECK COPY
Checks for the

CROSSCHECKCOPY...

physical existence of
archivelog files and
will change the
V$ARCHIVED_LOG.
STATUS of affected
archivelogs from "A"
for AVAILABLE to "X"
for EXPIRED. Once
the archivelog file has
a status of X, RMAN
will no longer attempt
to backup this
archivelog file.

RMAN>CROSSCHECKCOPYOFARCHIVELOGALL;

CROSSCHECK CONTROLFILECOPY
Checks that specific
controlfile copies still
exist

CROSSCHECKCONTROLFILECOPY....
RMAN>CROSSCHECKCONTROLFILECOPY

CROSSCHECK DATAFILECOPY
Checks that specific
bdatafile copies still
exist

CROSSCHECKDATAFILECOPY<ALL|INTEGER|LIKE|
QUOTED_STRING>
RMAN>CROSSCHECKDATAFILECOPYALL;

CROSSCHECK FOREIGN

CROSSCHECKFOREIGNARCHIVELOG<ALL|FROM|
Crosscheck all foreign HIGH|LOGSEQ|LOW|SCN|SEQUENCE|TIME|
UNTIL>....
archived redo logs
RMAN>CROSSCHECKFOREIGNARCHIVELOGALL;
CROSSCHECK PROXY
Crosscheck the
existence of a specific
proxy copy

CROSSCHECKPROXY
*RMAN>CROSSCHECKPROXY941;

DEBUG

Commands for the

RMAN debugger

DEBUG<AFFINITY|ALL|DUPLICATE|IO|KRB|
MISC|NODEVALS|OFF|ON|PACKAGES|PLSQL|
RCVCAT|RCVMAN|RECOVER|RESTORE|RESYNC|
RPC|SQL>
*RMAN>DEBUGALL;
*RMAN>DEBUGOFF;

DELETE
To delete physical backups and copies as well as do the following:

Update their repository records in the target control file to status DELETED

Remove their repository records from the recovery catalog (if you use a catalog)

When running RMAN interactively, DELETE displays a list of the files and prompts you for
confirmation before deleting any file in the list. When reading commands from a command file,
RMAN will not prompt for confirmation.
DELETE ARCHIVELOG

Wildcard Delete

DELETEARCHIVELOG<ALL|FROM|HIGH|LIKE|
LOGSEQ|LOW|QUOTED_STRING|SCN|SEQUENCE|
TIME|UNTIL>....
RMAN>LISTARCHIVELOGLIKE'%';
RMAN>CROSSCHECKARCHIVELOGLIKE'%';
RMAN>DELETEARCHIVELOGLIKE'%';

DELETE BACKUPSET

?
Delete Backup Set

Delete both Disk and

Tape Backup Sets

*DELETENOPROMPTBACKUPOFDATABASECOMPLETED
BEFORE'SYSDATE7';
?
#backupdatafiletodiskandtape
BACKUPDEVICETYPEDISKDATAFILE1TAG
"weekly_bkup";
BACKUPDEVICETYPEsbtDATAFILE1TAG
"weekly_bkup";
#manuallyallocatediskandsbtchannels
ALLOCATECHANNELFORMAINTENANCEDEVICETYPE
DISK;
ALLOCATECHANNELFORMAINTENANCEDEVICETYPE
SBT;
DELETEBACKUPSETTAG"weekly_bkup";

DELETE EXPIRED
Deletes expired
backup records

DELETE[FORCE|NOPROMPT]EXPIRED
<maintenance_spec>[fordb_unique_name_option];
RMAN>CROSSCHECKBACKUP;
RMAN>DELETEEXPIREDBACKUP;
RMAN>CROSSCHECKBACKUPSETOFTABLESPACEuwdata
DEVICETYPEdiskCOMPLETEDBEFORESYSDATE15;
RMAN>DELETENOPROMPTEXPIREDBACKUPSET
OFTABLESPACEuwdataDEVICETYPEdiskCOMPLETED
BEFORESYSDATE15;

DELETE OBSOLETE

Delete Obsolete

DELETE[FORCE|NOPROMPT]OBSOLETE
[obsOperandList][device_type]
[device_specifier];
RMAN>DELETEFORCEOBSOLETE;

DELETE SCRIPT
Deletes a stored
script b_whole_10
from the recovery
catalog

DELETE[GLOBAL]SCRIPT'<script_name>'
rmanTARGET/CATALOGrman/cat@catdb
RMAN>DELETESCRIPTb_whole_10;
RMAN>DELETEGLOBALSCRIPTb_whole_10;

Drop
DROP CATALOG
Drop the RMAN
catalog

DROPCATALOG;
*SeeCREATECATALOGDemoAbove

DROP DATABASE
Use RMAN to issue
the drop database
command

DROPDATABASE;
NodemoisshownasthisissomethingIwould
stronglyrecommendagainstdoingwithinRMAN.

DROP RESTORE POINT

Drop a restore point

DROPRESTOREPOINT<restore_point_name>
*SeeCREATERESTOREPOINTDemoAbove

DUPLICATE
Allocates axiliary
channels and
duplicates the target
database as newdb

DUPLICATE[TARGET]DATABASETO<new_name>
LOGFILE'<redo_log_file_path_and_name>'SIZE
<integer><K|M>
[SKIPREADONLY][NOFILENAMECHECK]
RUN{
ALLOCATEAUXILIARYCHANNELd1DEVICETYPE
DISK;
ALLOCATEAUXILIARYCHANNELd2DEVICETYPE
DISK;
DUPLICATETARGETDATABASETOnewdb
LOGFILE
'?/oradata/aux1/redo01.log'SIZE50M,
'?/oradata/aux1/redo02.log'SIZE50M,
'?/oradata/aux1/redo03.log'SIZE50M
SKIPREADONLY
NOFILENAMECHECK;
}

EXIT
Exit from RMAN or a
terminal window

EXIT
RMAN>target/
*RMAN>EXIT;
or
RMAN>HOST;
*$EXIT;
RMAN>

FLASHBACK DATABASE
Returns the database
to its state at a
previous time or SCN

FLASHBACKDATABASETOSCN=<integer>
*RMAN>FLASHBACKDATABASETOSCN=42678315;

GRANT
GRANT<privilege>TO<schema_name>
Grant privileges to a
recovery catalog user

*RMAN>GRANTCATALOGFORDATABASE
orabaseTOrepoomega;
*RMAN>GRANTREGISTERDATABASETOrepoomega;

HOST
Shell out of RMAN to
the operating system
for command
execution

HOST
*SeeEXITDemoAbove

IMPORT
IMPORT CATALOG
Imports the metadata
from one recovery
catalog into a different
recovery catalog

?
?

IMPORT RCVCAT
?

?
?

LIST
LIST<ARCHIVELOG|COPY|DB_UNIQUE_NAME|

Produce a detailed
listing of the indicated
items

FAILURE>ALL;
*RMAN>LISTARCHIVELOGALL;
*RMAN>LISTCOPY;
*RMAN>LISTDB_UNIQUE_NAMEALL;
*ForLISTFAILURESeeAdviseFailureDemoAbove

List the most recent Level 0 backups

Lisa T. was kind
enough to send in this
useful bit of code that
will give you a list of
the most recent Level
0 backups.

selectdistinctto_char((b.CHECKPOINT_TIME),
'YYYYMMDDHH:MI.SS')t
fromv$backup_datafileb,v$tablespacets,
v$datafilef
whereb.incremental_level=0
andINCLUDED_IN_DATABASE_BACKUP='YES'
andf.file#=b.file#
andf.ts#=ts.ts#
groupbyb.checkpoint_time
orderby1;

PRINT SCRIPT
Display a stored script

PRINT<IDENTIFIER|QUOTED_STRING>
SeeCREATESCRIPTDemosAbove

PURGE
?

PURGE
See"CREATESCRIPT"DemosAbove

QUIT
Exit the RMAN
executable

QUIT
*RMAN>QUIT;

RECOVER
Apply redo logs and
incremental backups
to datafiles or data
blocks restored from
backup or datafile
copies, in order to
update them to a
specified time

RECOVER

TBD

REGISTER DATABASE
Register a Target in
the Database
Recovery Catalog

REGISTERDATABASE
*RMAN>REGISTERDATABASE;

RELEASE CHANNEL
Release a channel
that was allocated
with an ALLOCATE
CHANNEL command
or ALLOCATE
CHANNEL FOR
MAINTENANCE
command

RELEASECHANNEL

See?DemoAbove

REPAIR FAILURE
Repair one or more
failures recorded in
the automated
diagnostic repository

REPAIRFAILURE[<NO|NOPROMPT|PREVIEW|
USING>
*SeeAdviseFailureDemoAbove

REPLACE SCRIPT
Replace an existing
script stored in the
recovery catalog. If
the script does not
exist, then REPLACE
SCRIPT creates it

REPLACESCRIPT
TBD

REPORT
Perform detailed
analyses on recovery
catalog metadata

REPORT
RMAN>REPORTSCHEMA;

RESET DATABASE
Reset the incarnation
of the target database
in the RMAN
repository to a
previous database
incarnation

RESETDATABASETOINCARNATION
<incarnation_identifier>;
$rmantarget/nocatalog
RMAN>STARTUPNOMOUNT;
RMAN>RESTORECONTROLFILEFROMAUTOBACKUP;
RMAN>ALTERDATABASEMOUNT;
RMAN>LISTINCARNATIONOFDATABASEorabase;
RMAN>RESETDATABASETOINCARNATION1;
RMAN>RESTOREDATABASEUNTILSCN4208974;

RMAN>RECOVERDATABASEUNTILSCN4208974;
RMAN>ALTERDATABASEOPENRESETLOGS;
RMAN>LISTINCARNATIONOFDATABASEorabase;
RESTORE
Restore files from
backup sets or from
disk copies to the
default or a new
location

RESTORE
RMAN>target/catalogrman/rman@rman
RMAN>backupdatabase;
RMAN>validatebackupset1;
SQL>connscott/tiger
SQL>DELETEFROMempWHERErownum<6;
SQL>COMMIT;
RMAN>restoredatabase;

RESYNC
Perform a full resynchronization, which creates a snapshot control file and then copies any new or
changed information from that snapshot control file to the recovery catalog.
This example
performs a full
resynchronization of
the target database
after archiving all
unarchived redo logs
Mount the target
database, update the
repository in the
current control file
with metadata from a
backup control file,
then open the
database
After adding a datafile
to an existing
tablespace

RESYNCCATALOGFROMCONTROLFILECOPY
'<file_name>'
RESYNCFROMDB_UNIQUE_NAMEALL
RESYNCFROMDB_UNIQUE_NAME'<db_unique_name>'
$rmantarget/
RMAN>STARTUPFORCEMOUNT;
RMAN>RESYNCCATALOGFROM
CONTROLFILECOPY'/u01/cfile.dbf';
RMAN>ALTERDATABASEOPEN;

*RMAN>RESYNCCATALOG;

Revoke
Revoke privileges
from a recovery
catalog user

REVOKE
TBD

Run

Execute a script of
RMAN commands

RUN{
<scriptcommands>
}
See"AllocateASingleBackupChannel"Demo
Above

Send
Send a vendor-specific quoted string to one or more specific channels
SEND CHANNEL
Specify commands by
CHANNEL

SENDCHANNEL'<channel_id>''<command_string>'
PARMS'<channel_params>'
TBD

SEND DEVICE_TYPE
Specify a tape drive
for a backup of the
users tablespace to
Oracle Secure
Backup

SENDDEVICE_TYPE'<device_specifier>'
'<command_string>'
PARMS'<channel_params>'
RUN
{
ALLOCATECHANNELc1DEVICETYPEsbt;
SEND'OB_DEVICEstape1';
BACKUPTABLESPACEusers;
}

Set
Set the value of various attributes that affect RMAN behavior for the duration of a RUN block or a
session
?

Restore database and

recover until the
specified date and
time

SET<OFF|ON>[FORALLTABLESPACES]
TBD
SETARCHIVELOGDESTINATIONTO'<
SETBACKUPCOPIES<integer>
SETCOMPRESSIONALGORITHM
'<compression_algorithm_name>'
SETDECRYPTIONIDENTIFIEDBY<password>
SETECHO<ON|OFF>
SETENCRYPTIONALGORITHM'<algorithm_name>'
SETIDENTIFIEDBY<password>[ONLY]
SETMAXCORRUPTFORDATAFILE<dataFileSpec>TO
<integer>
SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE<dataFileSpec>TO

'<file_name>'
SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE<dataFileSpec>TONEW
SETNEWNAMEFORTEMPFILE<tempFileSpec>TO
'<quoted_string>'
SETNEWNAMEFORTEMPFILE<tempFileSpec>TONEW
SETTORESTOREPOINT<restore_point_name>
SETUNTIL<TIME|SCN>
CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGCOPIESFORDEVICETYPEsbt
TO3;
CONFIGUREDATAFILECOPIESFORDEVICETYPEsbt
TO3;
RMAN>run{
ALLOCATECHANNELdev1DEVICETYPEsbt
PARMS
'ENV=(OB_DEVICE_1=stape1,OB_DEVICE_2=stape2)';
*SETBACKUPCOPIES2;
BACKUPDATABASEPLUSARCHIVELOG;
}
RMAN>run{
SETUNTILTIME="TO_DATE('03/15/08
10:42:07','MM/DD/RRHH24:MI:SS')";
RESTOREDATABASE;
RECOVERDATABASE;
}
?

SETAUXILIARYINSTANCEPARAMETERFILETO
'<file_name>
SETCOMMANDIDTO'<string>'
SETCONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMATFORDEVICE
TYPE<deviceSpecifier>TO<formatSpec>
SETDBID<integer>
RMAN>RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT
'/u01/%U';
ALLOCATECHANNELd2DEVICETYPEDISKFORMAT
'/u02/%U';
SETCOMMANDIDTO'rman';
BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL0DATABASE;
SQL'ALTERSYSTEMARCHIVELOGCURRENT';
}
RMAN>SETDBID3257174182;

RMAN>STARTUPFORCENOMOUNT;
RMAN>RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELt1DEVICETYPEsbt;
RESTORESPFILEFROMAUTOBACKUP;
}
STARTUPFORCE;#RMANrestartsdatabasewith
restoredSPFILE
$rmantarget/
RMAN>STARTUPFORCENOMOUNT
RMAN>SETDBID28014364;
RMAN>RUN{
SETCONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMATFORDEVICE
TYPEDISKTO'/u02/cf_%F.bak';
RESTORECONTROLFILEFROMAUTOBACKUPMAXSEQ
100;
}
ALTERDATABASEMOUNT;
RECOVERDATABASE;
ALTERDATABASEOPENRESETLOGS;
Show
ALL
All

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showall;
AUXNAME

Auxname

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showauxname;
{DATAFILE|ARCHIVELOG}BACKUPCOPIES

Backup Copies

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showdatafilebackupcopies;
RMAN>showarchivelogbackupcopies;
BACKUPOPTIMIZATION

Backup Optimization

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showbackupoptimization;

[AUXILIARY]CHANNEL[FORDEVICETYPE
<deviceSpecifier>]
Channel

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showchannel;
CONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUP[FORMAT]

Control File AutoBackup

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showcontrofileautobackup;
CONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMAT<formatmask>

Control File AutoBackup Format

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showcontrofileautobackup;
ENCRYPTIONFORDATABASE

Database Encryption

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showencryptionfordatabase;
[DEFAULT]DEVICETYPE

Device Type

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showdevicetype;
ENCRYPTIONALGORITHM

Encryption Algorithm

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showencryptionalgorithm;
EXCLUDE

Exclude

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showexclude;
MAXSETSIZE

Maximum Backup Set

Size

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showmaxsetsize;
RETENTIONPOLICY

Retention Policy

Snapshot Control File

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>showretentionpolicy;
RMAN>showretentionpolicytoredundancy;
SNAPSHOTCONTROLFILENAME

Name

$rmantarget/catalog
repoomega1/oracle1@repos
RMAN>SHOWSNAPSHOTCONTROLFILENAME;

Shutdown
Shutdown the target
database

SHUTDOWN<ABORT|IMMEDIATE|NORMAL|
TRANSACTIONAL>
RMAN>SHUTDOWNABORT;

Spool
Write RMAN output to
a log file

SPOOLLOGOFF
SPOOLLOGTO<file_name>[APPEND]
CONFIGUREDEFAULTDEVICETYPETOsbt;
SPOOLLOGTO'/tmp/current_config.log';
SHOWALL;
SPOOLLOGOFF;
SPOOLLOGTO'/home/oracle/rman.log';
BACKUPDATABASE;
SPOOLLOGOFF;

SQL
Execute a SQL
statement from within
RMAN

SQL'<SQL_statement>'
RUN{
SQL'ALTERSYSTEMARCHIVELOGCURRENT';
}

Startup
Startup a Database

STARTUP<DBA|FORCE|MOUNT|NOMOUNT>
STARTUPPFILE'<file_name>'
$rmanTARGET/CATALOGrepoomega/oracle1@repos
RMAN>STARTUPMOUNT;

Switch
Specify that a datafile copy is now the current datafile, that is, the datafile pointed to by the control
file. This command is equivalent to the SQL statement ALTER DATABASE RENAME FILE as it
applies to datafiles
Switch the controlfile

SWITCHDATABASETOCOPY

to point to an
ImageCopy of the
data file

TBD
SWITCHDATAFILE'<data_file_specification>'TO
COPY
TBD
SWITCHDATAFILE'<data_file_specification>'TO
DATAFILECOPY'<file_name>'
TBD
SWITCHDATAFILE'<data_file_specification>'TO
DATAFILECOPYTAG'<tag_name>'
TBD

A disk fails, forcing a

datafile restore to a
new disk location.
Connecting to the
TARGET, SET
NEWNAME to
rename the datafile,
then RESTORE the
missing datafile. Run
SWITCH to point the
control file to the new
datafile and then
RECOVER.

SWITCHDATAFILEALL

Assume all datafiles

of the USERS
tablespace are
damaged but image
copies exist in the
FRA. Connect to the
TARGET and use
SWITCH to point the
control file to the new
datafiles then
RECOVER.

SWITCHTABLESPACE'<tablespace_name>'TOCOPY

RUN{
ALLOCATECHANNELd1DEVICETYPEDISK;
SQL"ALTERTABLESPACEuwdataOFFLINE
IMMEDIATE";
SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE
'/u01/oradata/users01.dbf'TO
'/u02/oradata/users01.dbf';
RESTORETABLESPACEuwclass;
SWITCHDATAFILEALL;
RECOVERTABLESPACEuwclass;
SQL"ALTERTABLESPACEuwclassONLINE";
}
SQL"ALTERTABLESPACEusersOFFLINEIMMEDIATE";
SWITCHTABLESPACEusersTOCOPY;
RECOVERTABLESPACEusers;
SQL"ALTERTABLESPACEusersONLINE";

SWITCHTEMPFILE<temp_file_specification>TO
'<file_name>'
TBD
SWITCHTEMPFILEALL
TBD
Transport Tablespace
Create transportable

TRANSPORTTABLESPACE

tablespace sets from

backup for one or
more tablespaces

TBD

Unregister
Unregister a
Database from the
Catalog

UNREGISTERDATABASE'<database_name>'
[NOPROMPT]
RMAN>UNREGISTERDATABASE;
UNREGISTERDB_UNIQUE_NAME'<db_unique_name>'
[INCLUDINGBACKUPS[NOPROMPT]]
RMAN>LISTDB_UNIQUE_NAMEALL;
RMAN>UNREGISTERDB_UNIQUE_NAME'ORADATA';

Upgrade Catalog
Upgrade the recovery
catalog schema from
an older version to
the version required
by RMAN

UPGRADECATALOG
RMAN>UPGRADECATALOG;

Validate
Examine a backup set and report whether its data is intact. RMAN scans all of the backup pieces in
the specified backup sets and looks at the checksums to verify that the contents can be successfully
restored
Validate archivelogs

VALIDATEARCHIVELOGALL
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGLIKE'<string_pattern>'
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGFROMSCN<integer>
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGBETWEENSCN<integer>AND
SCN<integer>
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGUNTILSCN<integer>
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGFROMSEQUENCE<integer>
[THREAD<integer>]
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGSEQUENCE<integer>[THREAD
<integer>]
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGSEQUENCEBETWEEN<integer>
AND<integer>
VALIDATEARCHIVELOGUNTILSEQUENCE<integer>
[THREAD<integer>]
TIMEBETWEEN'<date_string>'AND
'<date_string>'
UNTILTIME'<date_string>'
RMAN>VALIDATEARCHIVELOGALL;

VALIDATEBACKUPSET<primaryKey>

TBD

Validate all control

files copies

VALIDATECONTROLFILECOPYALL
VALIDATECONTROLFILECOPY'<file_name>'
VALIDATECONTROLFILECOPYLIKE
'<string_pattern>'
RMAN>VALIDATECONTROLFILECOPYALL;

VALIDATECOPYOFDATABASE
VALIDATECOPYOFDATAFILE'<file_name>'
Validate all database,
datafile, or tablespace VALIDATECOPYOFDATAFILE<file_number>
copies
VALIDATECOPYOFTABLESPACE'<tablespace_name>'
RMAN>VALIDATECOPYOFTABLESPACE'UWDATA';
?

VALIDATE<blockObject>
TBD

Validate the current

control file

VALIDATECURRENTCONTROLFILE

Validate the complete

database

VALIDATEDATABASE

RMAN>VALIDATECURRENTCONTROLFILE;
RMAN>VALIDATEDATABASE;
VALIDATEDATAFILE'<file_name>'
VALIDATEDATAFILE<file_number>

Validate the identified

datafile

RMAN>VALIDATE
DATAFILE'C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\ORADATA\ORABASE\UWD
ATA01';
RMAN>VALIDATEDATAFILE9;

Validate the recovery

file destination

VALIDATEDB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Validate the recovery

area

VALIDATERECOVERYAREA

Validate recovery the

files

VALIDATERECOVERYFILES

Validate the server

parameter file

VALIDATESPFILE

Validate the named

tablespace

VALIDATETABLESPACE<tablespace_name_list>

RMAN>VALIDATEDB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;
RMAN>VALIDATERECOVERYAREA;
RMAN>VALIDATERECOVERYFILES;
RMAN>VALIDATESPFILE;
RMAN>VALIDATETABLESPACEuwdata;

RMAN Demos
Using a target
database controlfile

RMAN>CONFIGURERETENTIONPOLICYTOREDUNDANCY
1;

instead of recovery
catalog
The following were
provided to PSOUG
by member Andrea
Sparling

Incremental Level 0
Backup

RMAN>CONFIGUREBACKUPOPTIMIZATIONOFF;#
default
RMAN>CONFIGUREDEFAULTDEVICETYPETODISK;#
default
RMAN>CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPOFF;#
default
RMAN>CONFIGURECONTROLFILEAUTOBACKUPFORMAT
FORDEVICETYPEDISK
TO'%F';
RMAN>CONFIGUREDEVICETYPEDISKPARALLELISM1
BACKUPTYPETO
COMPRESSEDBACKUPSET;#default
RMAN>CONFIGUREDATAFILEBACKUPCOPIESFOR
DEVICETYPEDISKTO1;
RMAN>CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGBACKUPCOPIESFOR
DEVICETYPEDISKTO1;
RMAN>CONFIGUREMAXSETSIZETO2G;
RMAN>CONFIGUREARCHIVELOGDELETIONPOLICYTO
NONE;
RMAN>CONFIGURESNAPSHOTCONTROLFILENAMETO

'/u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0.3/dbs/snapcf_pn
bdb.f';
RMAN>connecttarget/
RMAN>BACKUPINCREMENTALLEVEL0
TAGfull_backup
FORMAT'/u03/backup/rman_fullbackup_%d_
%t.%s.%c.%p.bus'
DATABASE;
RMAN>COPYCURRENTCONTROLFILETO
'/u03/backup/ctrlfile.backup';
RMAN>CROSSCHECKBACKUP;
RMAN>CROSSCHECKARCHIVELOGALL;
RMAN>DELETEOBSOLETE;
RMAN>DELETEEXPIREDARCHIVELOGALL;
RMAN>LISTBACKUP;
RMAN>LISTARCHIVELOGALL;

Incremental

#!/bin/sh
###############################################
######
#scripttotakearmanfullbackup
#thisscriptmustberun
#asthetrusteduser'oracle10g''oracle9i'
etc
###############################################

######
#create output logs with that number and the current date in the ./rman/logs
directory age out in 14-30 days
#get env IMPORTANT, if multiple Oracle SID's the env var ORACLE_SID
must be set

./etc/bashrc
exportORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;
export
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.1.0.3;
exportORACLE_SID=pnbdb;
export
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0.
3/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
#setrelativeheadofdirectory(workdiskis
u03,oraclediskisu01)
HEAD=/u03
WORK=$HEAD/backup/scripts
cd$WORK
#uniquelogfile
DATE=`date+"%Y%m%d%H%M%S"`
LOGFILE='/u03/backup/rman/logs/rman_full_backup
_'${DATE}'.log'
echo"log:"${LOGFILE}>$LOGFILE
echo"Started">>$LOGFILE
date>>$LOGFILE
echoinstance$ORACLE_SID>>$LOGFILE
###############################################
###########################

${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/rman@${WORK}/rman_full.rcv
>>$LOGFILE
returncode=$?
echo$returncodereturncode>>$LOGFILE
df>>$LOGFILE
echo"Ended">>$LOGFILE
date>>$LOGFILE
if[$returncodene0];then
echo"emailerrorlog">>$LOGFILE
mailcsds_opb@u.washington.edus"RMANERROR
LOGforparnassuspnbdbbackup"<$LOGFILE
mailamspar@u.washington.edus"RMANERROR
LOGforparnassuspnbdbbackup"<$LOGFILE
fi
exit

RAC Demo
Crosschecking on Multiple Nodes of an Oracle Real Application Clusters Configuration: Example In
this example, you perform a crosscheck of backups on two nodes of an Oracle Real Application
Clusters configuration, where each node has access to a subset of backups. It is assumed here that
all backups are accessible by at least one of the two nodes used in the crosscheck. Any backups not
accessible from at least one of the nodes are marked EXPIRED after the crosscheck.
RMAN on a RAC
Cluster

ALLOCATECHANNELFORMAINTENANCEDEVICETYPE
DISKCONNECT'sys/oracle1@inst1';
ALLOCATECHANNELFORMAINTENANCEDEVICETYPE
DISKCONNECT'sys/oracle1@inst2';
CROSSCHECKBACKUP;

RMAN Related Queries

?

SELECTrecovery_estimated_ios,
actual_redo_blks,target_redo_blks,
target_mttr,estimated_mttr
FROMgv$instance_recovery;
SELECT*FROMv_$recovery_file_dest;
SELECTCOUNT(*)FROMdba_hist_instance_recovery
;
cd/app/oracle/product/OracleHomes/oradata/orcl
lsla
cd
/app/oracle/product/OracleHomes/admin/orcl/bdum
p
tailalert_orcl.log
rmcontrol02.ctl
lsla
SQL>connhr/hr(afterunlockingaccount)
SQL>descjobs
SQL>INSERTINTOjobsVALUES(987,'TEST',0,1);
SQL>COMMIT;
alsobuildadummytable
tailalert_orcl.log
nooneknowsanythingbadhashappened

SQL>selectfile_namefrom
mgmt$db_controlfiles;
letsdoashutdownandrestart
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
SQL>conn/assysdba
Connected.
SQL>shutdownimmediate;
ORA00210:cannotopenthespecifiedcontrol
file
ORA00202:controlfile:
'/app/oracle/product/OracleHomes/oradata/orcl/c
ontrol02.ctl'
ORA27041:unabletoopenfile
LinuxError:2:Nosuchfileordirectory
Additionalinformation:3
nowwehaveaproblem
SQL>shutdownabort;
tailthealertlogandweknowwhathappened
RUN{
STARTUPFORCENOMOUNT;
RESTORECONTROLFILE;
DATABASEMOUNT;
RESTOREDATABASE;
RECOVERDATABASE;
}
alterdatabaseopenresetlogs;
lslashowscontrolfilesback
rmandone
hadn'tdoneabackupafterlastrestore
RMAN>run{startupforcenomount;restore
controlfile;
alterdatabasemount;}
tailthealertlog
lookat/app/oracle/OracleHomes/oradata/orcl

thefileisrestored
lsla
conn/assysdba
shutdownimmediate;
startup
noteerrormessage
SQL>startup
ORACLEinstancestarted.
TotalSystemGlobalArea440401920bytes
FixedSize1219880bytes
VariableSize130024152bytes
DatabaseBuffers306184192bytes
RedoBuffers2973696bytes
Databasemounted.
ORA01589:mustuseRESETLOGSorNORESETLOGS
option
fordatabaseopen
SQL>startupmount;
tailalert_orcl.log
nextdumpedcontrolfiles1and3
shutdownimmediatefails
shutdownabort
connecttoRMAN
Backup and Recovery Practices Best Practices
Metalink Note:
388422.1

1. Turn on block checking

REASON: The aim is to detect, very early the presence of corrupt blocks in
the database. This has a slight performance overhead, but Checksums allow
Oracle to detect early corruption caused by underlying disk, storage system,
or I/O system problems.
SQL>altersystemsetdb_block_checking=true
scope=both;
2. Turn on block tracking when using RMAN backups (if running 10g or
above)
REASON: This will allow RMAN to backup only those blocks that have
changed since the last full backup, which will reduce the time taken to back
up, as less blocks will be backed up.
SQL>alterdatabaseenableblockchangetrackingusing
file/u01/oradata/ora1/change_tracking.f;
3. Duplex log groups and members and have more than one archive log

dest
REASON: If an archivelog is corrupted or lost, by having multiple copies in
multiple locations, the other logs will still be available and could be used.
If an online log is deleted or becomes corrupt, you will have another member
that can be used to recover if required.
SQL>altersystemset
log_archive_dest_2='location=/new/location/archive2'
scope=both;
SQL>alterdatabaseaddlogfilemember
'/new/location/redo21.log'togroup1;
4. When backing up the database use the 'check logical' parameter
REASON: This will cause RMAN to check for logical corruption within a block
as well as the normal
head/tail checksumming. This is the best way to ensure that you will get a
good backup.
RMAN>backupchecklogicaldatabaseplusarchivelog
deleteinput;
5. Test your backup
REASON: This will do everything except actually restore the database. This is
the best method to determine if your backup is good and usable before being
in a situation where it is
critical and issues exist.
RMAN>restorevalidatedatabase;
6. Have each datafile in a single backup piece
REASON: When doing a partial restore RMAN must read through the entire
piece to get the
datafile/archivelog requested. The smaller the backup piece the quicker the
restore can
complete. This is especially relevent with tape backups of large databases or
where the
restore is only on indiviDUAL / few files.
RMAN>backupdatabasefilesperset1plusarchivelog
deleteinput;
7. Maintain your RMAN catalog/controlfile
REASON: Choose your retention policy carefully. Make sure that it
compliments your tape subsystem
retention policy, requirements for backup recovery strategy. If not using a
catalog, ensure that your controlfile record keep time instance parameter
matches your retention policy.
SQL>altersystemsetcontrol_file_record_keep_time=21
scope=both;
This will keep 21 days of backup records.
Run regular catalog maintenance.
REASON: Delete obsolete will remove backups that are outside your
retention policy. If obsolete backups are not deleted, the catalog will continue
to grow until performance becomes an issue.

RMAN>deleteobsolete;
REASON: crosschecking will check that the catalog/controlfile matches the
physical backups. If a backup is missing, it will set the piece to 'EXPIRED' so
when a restore is started, that it will not be eligible, and an earlier backup will
be used. To remove the expired backups from the catalog/controlfile use the
delete expired command.
RMAN>crosscheckbackup;
RMAN>deleteexpiredbackup;
8. Prepare for loss of controlfiles set autobackup on
REASON: This will ensure that you always have an up to date controlfile
available that has been taken at the end of the current backup not during.
RMAN>configurecontrolfileautobackupon;
keep your backup logs
REASON: The backup log contains parameters for your tape access,
locations on controlfile backups that can be utilised if complete loss occurs.
9. Test your recovery
REASON: During a recovery situation this will let you know how the recovery
will go without actually doing it, and can avoid having to restore source
datafiles again.
SQL>recoverdatabasetest;
10. Do not specify 'delete all input' when backing up archivelogs
REASON: Delete all input' will backup from one destination then delete both
copies of the archivelog where as 'delete input' will backup from one location
and then delete what has been backed up. The next backup will back up
those from location 2 as well as new logs from location 1, then delete all that
are backed up. This means that you will have the archivelogs since the last
backup available on disk in location 2 (as well as backed up once) and two
copies backup up prior to the previous backup.