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2013
Higher School Certificate
Trial Examination
Mathematics Extension 1
General Instructions
Total marks 70
Section I
10 marks
Section II
60 marks
Disclaimer
This is a Trial HSC Examination only. Whilst it reflects and mirrors both the format and topics of the HSC
Examination designed by the NSW Board of Studies for the respective sections, there is no guarantee that the
content of this exam exactly replicates the actual HSC Examination.
Y12 THSC Mathematics Ext 1 0813.doc
1 of 15
Student Number
Student Number
Section I
Questions 1 10 (1mark for each question)
Read each question and choose an answer A, B, C or D.
Record your answer on the Answer Sheet provided.
Allow about 15 minutes for this section.
sin 2 cos 2 =
A)
1 sin4
2
B)
4sin cos
C)
1 sin2
2
D)
2sin2
A)
(3, 2)
B)
(15, 18)
C)
(0, 2)
D)
( 12, 18)
B)
1
2
C)
D)
1
4
1 1 1
+ + ?
1
4
1
2
x0
B)
1x0
C)
x<1
D)
x < 1, x 0
x
0 ?
x +1
y = P(x)
A)
P(x) = (x 1) (x + 2)
B)
P(x) = (x + 1) 2 (x 2)3
C)
P(x) = (x 1) 2 (x + 2)3
D)
P(x) = (x + 1) (x 2)3
3
A)
y=
cos 1 3x
4
B)
y=
4
x
cos 1
3
C)
y=
D)
x
cos 1
3
4
4
y = cos 1 3x
x is given by x = 4x + 3.
2
x = 3, T =
3
x= , T=
4
3
x= , T=
4
2
x = 3,
T=
A)
B)
C)
D)
2
x + x4
2x
1+ x4
2x
1+ x4
2
x + x3
1
?
x2
The points A, B and C lie on the circle with centre O. OA is parallel to CB.
AC intersects OB at D and ODC = .
What is the size of OAD in terms of ?
A)
B)
C)
D)
10
3
2
3
3
(A)
R = 4
(C)
R = 2
(B)
R = 4
(D)
R = 2
and
=
3
and
=
3
and
=
6
and
=
6
End of Section I
Section II
Question 11 14 (15 marks each)
Allow about 1 hour 45 minutes for this section
Question 11
MARKS
a)
b)
Find
c)
x2
Solve 2
< 1.
x 1
d)
dx
1 (2x)
dx
.
1 x (1 + ln x) 3
e)
15
1
2
3 + 2x
15
f)
In how many ways can 10 people be divided into two groups of 5 each?
Question 12
a)
b)
c)
MARKS
x
x2 + 4
iii) Find the coordinates of its stationary points and determine their nature.
Let g(x) = x ln (2 x)
i) Find the domain of g(x).
iv) On the same set of axes, sketch the graphs of y = g(x) and y = g 1 (x).
i)
1
2
Question 13
a)
b)
MARKS
2
r
for n 1.
ln
= ln
r =1 r + 2
(n + 1)(n + 2)
c)
v = 2x1.5e 0.5 x
i) Find the fastest speed attained by the particle.
ii) After the particle reaches its maximum speed, you may consider
x = 7 as the first approximation of the position at which its speed
drops to 1 ms 1.
Question 13 (continued)
d)
MARKS
Student Number
Question 14
a)
MARKS
Two particles are moving in a simple harmonic motion along the x axis.
The displacements of the two particles at a time t are given by
x = a cos2t + 3a and x = a sin2t.
Find the closest distance between these two particles and the time at
which it first occurs.
b)
B
a
C
N
P
i)
Show that the distance from Paula to the helicopter at this time, can be
expressed as s = a 14 + 6 2 sin
4
ii)
Question 14 (continued)
c)
MARKS
Joe is playing indoor soccer. He is to take a free kick from the origin.
The opposing team has positioned some of its players 3 m from the ball.
These players are 1.8m tall, but can jump an extra 1.2 m to defend their goal.
The ceiling of the stadium is 8m above the floor.
Joe will kick the ball with a velocity of 13 ms-1 at an angle
of to the horizontal.
Use the axes as shown, and assume there is no air resistance and
the position of Joes ball t seconds after being kicked is given by the
equations:
x = 13t cos
and
y = 13tsin 5t
8
6
4
2 13ms
-1
1.2m
2.1m
1.8m
3m
i)
12m
expressed as
ii)
h=
169 sin
.
20
Show that the cartesian equation for the trajectory of the ball
5x 2
is y = x tan
(1+ tan ).
169
iii)
Show that for the ball to pass over the defenders and below the
STANDARD INTEGRALS
1
x n +1 , n 1; x 0, if n < 0
n +1
x n dx
1
dx
x
= ln x , x > 0
ax
dx
1 ax
e , a0
a
sin ax dx
1
= cos ax, a 0
a
cos ax dx
1
sin ax, a 0
a
sec
ax dx
1
tan ax, a 0
a
sec ax tan ax dx
1
sec ax, a 0
a
1
x
tan 1 , a 0
a
a
a2 + x2
dx
1
a2 x2
1
x a
2
1
x +a
2
x
, a > 0, a < x < a
a
dx
= sin 1
dx
= ln x + x 2 a 2 , x > a > 0
dx
= ln x + x 2 + a 2
Student Number
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Student Number
Trial Examination
1-10
11
12
13
14
Total
c, e, f
b
/ 1
/ 6
/ 2
/ 3
c(i)
/ 2
/10
a, b, c
/15
/19
2, 3, 5, 6, 8
/ 5
b
a, b, c
c(ii), d
/ 3
/15
/ 6
/29
/1
/1
/3
1, 10
/2
/10
/15
/15
/4
/5
Total
Trigonometry
Integral
Calculus
Geometry
Functions
Differential
Calculus
Question
Algebra and
Number
Mathematics Extension 1
/15
/4
/2
/15
/70
D
1
x+1
B
P( 3, 6)
0
0
+
+
when x < 1, x 0
Q(6, 6)
Alternative method:
y=
1 1 1
+ +
+ +
=
=
=
Hence, x < 1, x 0
5
B
This graph has a double root at 1, hence
(x+1) is a factor. This graph has a triple
root at 2, hence (x 2) is a factor.
The only equation which could be the
correct equation is P(x) = (x+1) (x2)
9 B
6 B
In A and D the domain is 1 3x 1
1
1
x which does not match
3
3
that is
7 C
The acceleration x = 4x + 3
= 4 (x )
The acceleration at the centre is 0.
that is x = 0 so the centre is at x =
Also, n 2 = 4 that is n = 2 as n > 0.
Therefore, the period = = .
Hence, C is the solution.
10 D
8 C
R cos =
3 and
-1
y = tan
where u =
R sin = 1 R = 4
R = 2
tan =
So
2x
1+ x4
1
3
=
6
Question
Marks
Question 11
y = e 2x cos x
a)
and v = cosx
2x
= 2e cosx e sinx
= e2x(2cosx sinx)
b)
dx
1 (2x ) 2
1
dx
1 4x 2
dx
1
4 x2
4
1 1
dx
= sin 2 x + C
2
1
x2
4
1 1
sin 2x + C
2
Question
1 so
c)
that is
x
2
x 1
Marks
1
+
+
Begin a correct method.
x - 1
y = x 1
Question
d)
Let u = 1+ lnx
dx
x (1 + ln x )
Show du =
2 du
3
u
1
=
du =
When x = e, u = 2
When x = 1, u = 1
or equivalent.
Marks
3
u du
= 1
3
8
= ( ) ( ) =
=
15
e) i)
1
2
3 + 2x
x
15
-45 +3k
2k
15
-45 +5k
2 x = Ck 2 x
= Ck x
To find the coefficient of x5, we let
45 +5k = 5 we get k = 10
So the term needed is 15C10 210 x 5
Hence, the coefficient of x5 is
15
C10 210 = 3 075 072
State n = 47
15
1
n
ii) 3 + 2 x has Tk+1 = 15Ck (x-3)15-k ( 2xn ) k
x
15
-45 +3k k nk
= Ck x
2 x = 15Ck 2k x-45 +(3 + n )k
To find the value of n such that the term
in x5 is not a zero, we let:
45 + (3+n) k= 5, so (3+n) k = 50
n+3=
50
50
that is n =
3
k
k
Question
Marks
Question 12
a) i)
f (x) =
f (-x) =
=
x +4
( x )
( x ) 2 + 4
x
x2 + 4
= f (x)
y = 0
= 0
iii) f(x) =
x
x2 + 4
let u = x
and
v = x + 4
Find 1 stationary point and
determine its nature or find
the x value for both turning
points.
u = 1 and v = 2x
f (x) =
=
let f (x) = 0 to find the possible stationary
that is
and x = , y =
2
0
f (x)
Max T.P. at ( 2, ) Min T.P. at ( 2, )
S & G Publishing 2013 Mathematics Ext 1Trial Solutions
Question
Marks
iv)
Sketch a curve, correctly
showing their stationary
points.
min ( 2, )
min ( 2, )
b) i) g(x) = x ln(2 x)
g(x) exists if ln (2 x) exists that is if
2 x > 0 so x > 2 that is x < 2.
Hence, the domain of g(x) is x < 2
ii)
g(x) = 1
=1+
as x < 2, 2 x > 0 that is g(x) > 0 as it is the
sum of two positive terms.
Therefore, g(x) is monotonic increasing
throughout the domain of the function.
iii)
Question
iv)
Marks
Sketch y = g(x)
Sketch y = g-1(x)
Correct answer
Correct answer
2 1 0
y = g-1(x)
(c)
(i)
f(x) = (x a) g(x)
8 4p + q = 0
12 4p = 0
q=4
p=3
Question
Marks
Question 13
a)
10
Question
b)
Marks
for n 1
2
(
n
1
)(
n
2
)
+
+
Prove that n ln r = ln
r =1 r + 2
For n = 1
LHS = ln 1 and RHS = ln 2 = ln 1
3
23
3
Since LHS = RHS, the statement is true for n = 1
Assume the statement is true for n = k that is
1
2
k
ln + ln + .... + ln
3
4
k +2
2
= ln
(k + 1)(k + 2)
3
4
k +2
k +3
2
= ln
(k + 2)(k + 3)
1
3
Satisfactory completion of
proof.
k +1
k
+ ln
k + 3
k + 2
LHS = ln + .... + ln
+ k + 1 (from assumption)
2
= ln
(k + 1)(k + 2) ln k + 3
2
k +1
= ln
(k + 1)(k + 2) k + 3
= RHS
2
= ln
(k + 2)(k + 3)
11
Question
c) i)
Marks
2
3 x
v = 2 x1.5e 0.5x So v = 4 x e
1 2
v = 2 x 3 e x
2
and v = e x
and v = e
2
d 1 v
2 = 2x2 e x (3 x)
dx
= 6 x2 e x 2 x 3 e x
= 2 x2 e x ( 3 x)
To find the fastest speed we let
=0
So 2 x2 e x ( 3 x) = 0 that is when x = 0 or 3
x
v = 2.3188ms1
12
Question
ii)
Marks
Method.
0.5
e 0.5x ( 3 x )
x1 = 7
= 7 + 0.37088
So x1 = 7.37088
Note: when x = 7 , v = 1.1185...
and when x = 7.37088 v = 1.00401...
This shows that x = 7.37088is a better approximation.
x = 7.37088
d) i)
D
Show the x value at C is 2pt.
x of C = 2pt + p p
= 2pt
Now producing the horizontal line BC to meet the y axis at a right
angle at D.
We are given BCA = 135 then
ACD = 45 (angle of a straight line BD)
DAC = 45 (angle sum of ADC)
So ACD is right angled and isosceles.
AD = DC = 2pt
Hence, the y coordinate of C is the y coordinate of A plus 2pt.
y of C = pt + 2pt
Hence, the coordinate of are C ( 2pt , pt 2 + 2pt).
13
Question
ii)
so y = p
y=p
y=
+ 2p
Marks
+x
+x
+x
4py = x + 4px
x + 4px + 4p = 4py + 4p
( x + 2p ) = 4p (y + p)
This is the equation of a parabola with vertex at
(2p, p) and focal length p.
Hence, its directrix has the equation y = 2p.
y = 2p
14
Question
Marks
Question 14
a)
a
= 1 that is = as is an acute angle.
a
Therefore D = a 2 cos 2 t + + 3a
4
and tan =
t=
Alternative method:
D = a cos2t + 3a a sin2t
To find the minimum distance between the particles
= 0 that is
we let
=0
t
)
2t =
t=
nd
t
positive
Negative
From the table the minimum distance occur for the first time
when t =
D = a
+3a a
= a (3
d = (3
) a.
) a.
15
Question
b) i)
3a
Marks
cos =
sin =
AC = BG = 3a cos
A
HG = 3a sin
HC = a + 3a sin
3acos
60
2a 30
P
Using the cosine rule in triangle APC, we get:
PC = 4a + 9a cos 12a cos cos60
= 4a + 9acos 6acos
Using Pythagoras theorem in triangle PCH,
we get:
PH = PC + HC
s = 4a+9acos 6acos + a + 6asin + 9asin
= 4a +9a(cos + sin) 6acos + a + 6asin
= 14a + 6asin 6acos
= a (14 + 6sin 6cos)
6sin 6cos can be expressed in the form
2
r sin( - ) where r = 6 2 + 6 = 6 2
6
and tan = = 1 that is = as is
6
an acute angle.
So s = a (14 + 6 sin( ))
Hence s = a
Show that
s=a
1
16
Question
ii)
Marks
=
s=a
Find
s=
=
Therefore
So
but
( rate for any )
As =
then
5
Calculate the correct
.
expression for
0.2
0.2
= 1.1771265 0.2. a
0.24a units per minute.
c) i)
y = 13tsin 5t
So y = 13sin 10t
To find the time taken by the ball to reach the maximum height
we let y = 0, we get:
13sin 10t = 0
13sin = 10t
t = sin
Now, the maximum height is
y max = 13 sin sin 5
=
sin
sin
sin
169 sin 2
.
20
sin
17
Question
y = x tan
Marks
(1+tan) .
Hence y = x tan
18
Question
iii)
Marks
< 76 39
3tan
>3
19
Question
iv)
Marks
12 tan
< 2.1
12 tan
< 2.1
= 0.707986 or 2.10868.
As y = 720 tan 2028 tan + 1074.9
is a parabola above the tan axis when
As tan is an increasing function for
between 0 and 90 then
6438 2
3518 ,
20
Question
Marks
(continued)
Hence all of three conditions must hold
simultaneously for a goal to be scored.
above defenders, under ceiling
under top edge of the goal
21