ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)

Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
I. PART DRAWINGS BY AUTOCAD-2012
1. SCREW JACK
2. CONNECTING ROD
3. KNUCKLE JOINT

II.3D MODELLING BY PRO-E SOFTWARE

4. EXERCISE-1
5. EXERCISE-2

III. ANALYSIS BY ANSYS 14.0

6. ANALYSIS OF A CANTILEVER BEAM
7. ANALYSIS OF A TRUSS
8. ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM
9. ANALYSIS OF A CORNER BRACKET
10. TRANSIENT HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A SLAB

IV. INTRODUCTION TO CNC

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
1. SCREW JACK
AIM:- To develop the part drawing of screw jack in orthographic representation.
Software used:- AUTO CAD-2012
LINE:- To draw lines of any dimension
Circle :- To draw circle of any diameter
Arc :- To draw arc of any radius
Polygon :- To draw many sided objects
Copy :- To produce multiple copies of any element
Erase :- To erase any object
Zoom :- To enlarge or reduce the given element
Hatch :- To do something
Move :- To move any element to the required point
Fillet /chamfer :- To join the sharp corners with a slant line or curve
Extrude :- To extrude the selected object to certain height

Types of dimensioning in AUTOCAD namely 1. Unilateral, 2. Align dimensions in AUTOCAD

Dimensioning commands are classified into 4 categories are as follows
1.
2.
3.
4.

Dimensioning drawing commands linear, angular, radius, diameter of coordinates.

Dimension style commands:- overwrite, restore, same style.
Dimensioning editing commands:- Home text, new text editing
Dimensional utilities commands:- Redraw, status, exit

EDITING COMMAND:- A drawing may be modified either during its preparation or during
the revision of drawing. This is called as editing of drawing a rays, undo, redo, select used to
modify the entities.
The entities copy, offset, array are used to make more copies. Editing commands can be
selected from the tool bar screen menu or they can be directly entered from the command
prompt.
Object selection method:- To establish which object is to be edited. AutoCAD ask you which
object is to select. The selection of entities is done by object pointing windows browsing.
Dimensioning or text:- A dimension is made up of components such as through extension
lines or dimensional lines or text including arrow head.
The dimension text is the value that appears on dimension line there are
UCS:- To select directional axis
LIMITS:- To set the drawing area limits
DIM LINEAR/ANGULAR:- To dimension linear, Angular objects
REGION:- To make the different elements as a single entities
ROTATE:- To rotate the selected object any angle
POLYLINE:- To draw lines, arcs in a single stretch
TRIM/BREAK:- To remove unwanted segments of an element.
RESULT:- Thus the part drawing of the screw jack is drawn in orthographic representation
as per the given dimension.

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

2.CONNECTING ROD
AIM:- To draw the part drawing of connecting rod in orthographic representation.
SOFTWARE USED:- AUTOCAD-2012
LIST OF COMMANDS USED:Line: To draw straight line
Circle: To draw circle of any diameter
Arc : To draw arc of any radius
Trim : To remove the unwanted portion in any element
Zoom : To increase or decrease the size of drawing
DIM LINEAR: To do dimensioning in drawing
MIRROR: To reflect the image on the other side of axis
Fillet: To join the sharp corners with the curve

Result :- Thus the part drawing of connecting rod is drawn in orthographic representation
using AUTOCAD-2012.

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
3. KNUCKLE JOINT
AIM:- To draw the part drawing of KNUCKLE JOINT in orthographic representation.
SOFTWARE USED:- AUTOCAD-2012
LIST OF COMMANDS USED:Line: To draw straight line
Circle: To draw circle of any diameter
Arc : To draw arc of any radius
Trim : To remove the unwanted portion in any element
BATCH : To do sectioning in the given drawing
MIRROR: To reflect the image on the other side of axis
Fillet: To join the sharp corners with the curve

Result :- Thus the part drawing of knuckle joint is drawn in orthographic representation
using AUTOCAD-2012.

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
4.PRO-E MODELLING
AIM:- To prepare the solid model of given figure with required dimensions in isometric
representation by using pro-e wildfire 5.0
Software used:- PRO-E WILDFIRE 5.0
LIST OF COMMANDS USED:1. EXTRUDE:- Select front plane and draw the orthographic view of given figure according
to dimensions as similar to AUTOCAD and extrude the component of 36mm
2. Extrude cut:- a. select the top plane of extrude part and the orthographic view of given
figure with taking references and use extrude cut command with 44mm.
b. Select right/left plane.
Draw the orthographic view of given figure by taking references.
Select extrude cut command with 40mm.

RESULT:- Thus the solid modeling of given figure with required dimensions in isometric
representation is prepared by using pro-e wildfire 5.0

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
5. PRO-E MODELLING
AIM:- To prepare the solid model of given figure with required dimensions in isometric
representation by using pro-e wildfire 5.0
Software used:- PRO-E WILDFIRE 5.0
LIST OF COMMANDS USED:1. EXTRUDE:- select front plane and draw the orthographic view of given figure according
to dimensions as similar to AUTOCAD and extrude the component of 42mm.
2. Extrude cut:- a. select the top of extrude part and use the extrude cut option and cut
upto 45mm. b. select the surface on which the rectangular cut is present.
Draw the orthographic view by taking references select extrude cut command with 8mm.

RESULT:- Thus the solid modeling of given figure with required dimension in isometric
representation is prepared by using pro-e wildfire 5.0

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
AIM:- To find the maximum deflection, shear force, bending movement and draw
shear force and bending moment diagrams.

PREPROCESSING:1. Define the discipline:

Preference

Structural

h method

2. Define type of element:

Preprocessor (menu)

Add / edit / delete

Add Beam 2D elastic 3

3. Define geometric properties:
Preprocessor

Real constants

Enter area = 0.0001m2

Height = 0.01m

, Iz = 8033e-1m4

4. Define material properties

Material models / structural / linear / elastic / isotropic
Ex = 206800 6 N / m2
= 0.3
5. Creating beam element
Creating nodes
Preprocessor
X

c/s
Y

Node 1 : o ; o; o
Node 2

1;

0; 0

Preprocessing
Picking menu appears
Pick starting node 1 and encoding node i.e 2
Create nodes between 2 nodes , window will appear keep as it is and pick
OK
6. Creating element between nodes:
Preprocessor
7. Apply Displacement constraints:
Solution
Apply ALL DOF at Node 1
8. Apply load at node11
Solution
Fy = -100N

9. Solve:
Solution
POST PROCESSING:
General post processing
Dmx = -0.193501m
General post processing
ELEMENT NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

STRESS IN N/m2
0.60024e9
0.54022e9
0.48019e9
0.42017e9
0.36014e9
0.30012e9
0.24010e9
0.18007e9
0.12005e9
0.60024e8

Maximum stress in element 1 is 0.60024e9 N/m2

Maximum stress in element 10 is 0.60024e8 N/m2
SF & BM Diagrams:
General post processing
By sequence numbers: SM/SC2 user table for item : SFj
By sequence number: SM/SC8
User table for item : BM i
By sequence number: SM/SC6
User table for item :BM j

By sequence number: SM/SC12

General post
processing

onoturplot)

SFD:

SHEAR FORCE MAXIMUM =-100N

BMD:

Maximum bending moment =-100N-m

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

TRUSS
AIM:- To determine the nodal deflections, reaction forces, and stress for the truss
system shown below (E = 200GPa, A = 3250mm2)

PREPROCESSING:1. Define the discipline:

Preferences > structural type > type > Add / edit / delete
Add link 2D SPAR
2. Define the type of element
Preprocessor > element type > Add / edit/ delete
Add- link 2D SPAR
3. Define geometric properties: Area = 1 in 2
4. Define material properties : 2.1 x 10 N/m2
5. Creating nodes:
Preprocessor > (modeling) create > Nodes> in active C/S
1
(0,0,0)
2
(3,0,0)
3
(6,0,0)
4
(9,0,0)
5
(9,4,0)
6
(6,4,0)
7
(3,4,0)
8
(0,4,0)
6. Create link elements
Preprocessor > (modeling) create > elements > thro nodes
7. Apply displacement constraints:

Solution > (loads) apply > (structural) displacement > on nodes

Pick nodes 1
Apply All DOF
Pick node 4
Apply constraint in Uy
OK
8. Apply loads:
Solution > (loads) apply > (structural) force/ moment > on nodes
Pick node 2
Apply 90 KN Fy direction
Pick node 3
Apply 120 KN in Fy DIRECTION
9. Solve : solution > (solve) current L S
Post processing: (viewing) results
GPP> list results > element solution > line element table.
ELEMENT NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

CONECTIVITY
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-1
7-2
6-3
8-2
7-3
3-5

M.F(K.N)
0
75
0
-82.5
-75
-100
-10
0
125
12.5
137.5
137.5
0

SAX L (KN/m2)
0
75
0
-110
-82.5
-82.5
-75
-100
-10
0
12.5
0
0

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
AIM: To determine the deflection, stress in simply supported beam

PREPROCESSING:
1. Preference structural h method
2. Define element type
Preprocessor
3. Preprocessing
4. Preprocessor
Youngs modulus = 2x
Poissons ratio = 0.3
5. Preprocessor
Simply supported beam
Sub type = Rectangular

N/mm2

Height =80mm f
Breadth = 40mm
DMx = 0.193501m
GPP
GPP
Max stress = 0.60024 N/m2
Min stress = -0.48019 N/m2
SF and BM Diagrams
GPP
Use table for item : SF+
By sequence number : SM/Sec 7
Use table for item : SM/Sec8
Use table for item : BMI
By sequence number : SM/Sec6
Use table for item :Bxy
By sequence number: SM/Sec 12
GPP

6. Create nodes:
Preprocessor
Node 1: x = 0.1 y = 0
Node 2: x = 0.7 y = 0
Node 3: x = 1 y = 0
7. Create links:
Modeling
8. Apply displacement constraint
solution
Node 1 : Node 3 (uy) apply
9. Apply load: Preprocessor
F = 15000N
10. Solution
11.General post processor
RESULTS
SFD

BMD

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CORNER BRACKET
AIM:- To find the stresses and sections in corner bracket having a thickness of
20mm

Define the discipline

Define the type of element:

Preprocessor
Add solid and quad 82 element
Click on the options
Pick plane stress with thickness.
Define geometric properties

Preprocessor
Enter a thickness of 0.5 inches.
Define material properties
Preprocessor
Ex = 30 e6 psi
= 0.27
1. Define Rectangles
Preprocessor
X1 = 0 X2 = 6
Y1 = -1 Y2 = -1
Create second rectangle
X1 =4 X2 = 6
Y1 = -1 Y2 = -3
Creating circles:
Preprocessor
X = 0 Y = 0 Radius =1
X = 5 Y = -3 Radius = 1
Adding all areas
Preprocessor
2. Creating line fillet
Preprocessor
Pick the 2 interesting lines
Pick ok in picking the menu

Enter fillet radius 0.4 inches

3. Creating fillet area:
Preprocessor
Pick lines defining the area.
4. Add the fillet area to main area
Preprocessor
Pick all in picking the menu
5. Creating the pin holes
Preprocessor
X = 0 , Y = 0 Radius = 0.4
6. Subtract pin holes from bracket.
Preprocessor
Pick (or) enter the base area.
Pick (or) enter the areas to be subtracted.
7. Mesh the area
Preprocessor
In mesh tool menu
Size circles global set
Enter element edge length 0.5
Pick mesh
Pick areas to be meshed
Pick ok
8. Apply pressure load
(a) Apply displacement constraint to 1st hole.
Solution
Pick 4 key points in 1st pin hole
Pick all Dof

) displacements

 Pick expand displacement to nodes yes

Apply pressure loads to 2nd hole.
Solution (loads) apply (structural) pressure.

Pick lines for pressure loading

Enter pressure value 50 to 500 psi
Pick 2nd line
Enter pressure value 500 to 50 psi

9. Solve
Solution (solve) current L.S
Post processing : ( viewing the results)
Gpp (read results) first set
Plt the von mises equivalent stress
General post proc plot results (contour) nodal solution
SMx = 3416 psi
SMn = 3.734 psi
DMx = 0.001209 inchs

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
Aim: Transient heat transfer analysis of a slab with thermal conductivity (k) of the
material is 5 W/m*K and the block is assumed to be infinitely long. Also, the density
of the material is 920 kg/m^3 and the specific heat capacity (c) is 2.040 kJ/kg*K.

Preprocessing: Defining the Problem

1. Give example a Title

Utility Menu > File > Change Title...
/Title, Transient Thermal Conduction

2. Open preprocessor menu

ANSYS Main Menu > Preprocessor
/PREP7

3. Create geometry
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners
X=0, Y=0, Width=1, Height=1
BLC4,0,0,1,1

4. Define the Type of Element

Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete... > click 'Add' > Select
Thermal Mass Solid, Quad 4Node 55
ET,1,PLANE55

For this example, we will use PLANE55 (Thermal Solid, Quad 4node
55). This element has 4 nodes and a single DOF (temperature) at each
node. PLANE55 can only be used for 2 dimensional steady-state or
transient thermal analysis.
5. Element Material Properties
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal >
Conductivity > Isotropic > KXX = 5 (Thermal conductivity)
MP,KXX,1,10

Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Specific
Heat > C = 2.04
MP,C,1,2.04

Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Density >
DENS = 920
MP,DENS,1,920

6. Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > Manual Size > Areas > All Areas >
0.05
AESIZE,ALL,0.05

7. Mesh
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Areas > Free > Pick All
AMESH,ALL

At this point, the model should look like the following:

Assigning Loads and Solving

1. Define Analysis Type
Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Transient
ANTYPE,4

The window shown below will pop up. We will use the defaults, so click
OK.
2. Set Solution Controls
Solution > Analysis Type > Sol'n Controls
The following window will pop up.
A) Set Time at end of loadstep to 300 and Automatic time stepping to
ON.
B) Set Number of substeps to 20, Max no. of substeps to 100, Min no.
of substeps to 20.
C) Set the Frequency to Write every substep.
Click on the Non Linear tab at the top and fill it in as shown

D) Set Line search to ON .

E) Set the Maximum number of

iterations

to 100.

For a complete description of what these options do, refer to the help
file. Basically, the time at the end of the load step is how long the
transient analysis will run and the number of substeps defines how the
load is broken up. By writing the data at every step, you can create
animations over time and the other options help the problem converge
quickly.
3. Apply Constraints
For thermal problems, constraints can be in the form of Temperature, Heat
Flow, Convection, Heat Flux, Heat Generation, or Radiation. In this example, 2
sides of the block have fixed temperatures and the other two are insulated.
o

Solution > Define Loads > Apply

Note that all of the -Structural- options cannot be selected. This is due
to the type of element (PLANE55) selected.
Thermal > Temperature > On Nodes
Click the Box option (shown below) and draw a box around the nodes on
the top line and then click OK.

o
o

Fill the window in as shown to constrain the top to a constant

temperature of 500 K
Using the same method, constrain the bottom line to a constant value
of 100 K
Orange triangles in the graphics window indicate the temperature
constraints.

4. Apply Initial Conditions

Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Initial Condit'n > Define > Pick All
Fill in the IC window as follows to set the initial temperature of the
material to 100 K:
5. Solve the System
Solution > Solve > Current LS
SOLVE

Postprocessing: Viewing the Results

1. Results Using ANSYS
Plot Temperature
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solu ... > DOF
solution, Temperature TEMP

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL
INTRODUCTION TO CAM
NC Program Build-Up
In an NC program, the machining steps for producing part on the machine tool are laid down in
a form that the control system can understand. A program is composed of several blocks. A
block is collection of NC words. An NC word is a collection of address letter and a sequence of
numbers. Following table shows the address letters according to DIN 66025.

Character

Meaning

Rotational about X-axis

Rotational about Y-axis

Rotational about Z-axis

D&E

Rotational about additional axis

Feed

Preparatory function, identifying the action to be executed

Unassigned

Interpolation parameter / Thread pitch parallel to X-axis

Thread pitch parallel to Y-axis

Thread pitch parallel to Y-axis

Unassigned

Auxiliary function

Block number

Not used

P,Q,R

Thread movement parallel to X, Y, Z axes respectively. P, Q are also

used as parameters in cycles.

Spindle speed

Tool

U,V,W

Second movement parallel X,Y,Z axes respectively

Movement in X-axis

Movement in Y-axis

Movement in Z-axis

All the NC words may not be used on every CNC machine. Using these words, as an example the
composition of a block is assembled as follows
N

G Code List (Preparatory codes)

Code

Instruction

G00

Fast traverse

G01

Linear interpolation (Feed)

G02

Circular interpolation (clock wise)

G03

Circular interpolation (counter clock wise)

G04

Dwell

G20

Inch data input

G21

Metric data input

G28

Go to reference

G40

Cutter compensation cancel

G41

Cutter compensation right

G42

Cutter compensation left

G50

Max. Spindle Speed setting / Co-ordinate setting

G70

Finishing cycle

G71

Stock removal in Turning

G72

Stock removal in Facing

G73

Pattern repeating

G74

Peck drilling in Z- Axis

G75

Grooving in X- Axis

G76

Multiple Thread

G81

Drilling cycle

G90

Turning Cycle

G92

Thread cutting cycle

G94

Facing cycle

G96

Constant Surface speed control

G97

Constant Surface speed control cancel

G98

Feed per minute

G99

Feed per revolution

G00 Fast traverse

G00 causes linear motion to the given position at the maximum feed rate from the current
position.
Ex: G00 X0.0 Z0.0

G01 Linear
G01 causes linear motion to the given position at the last specified feed rate from the current
position
Ex: G01 X30.0 Z-1.0 F100
G01 X0.0

G02 Clock wise Arc

G02 causes a clock wise arc to the specified position
Ex: G01 X20.0 Z-10.0 F120
G02 X30.0 Z-15 R5

G03 Counter clockwise Arc

G03 causes a counter clockwise arc to the specified position
Ex: G03 X40 Z30 R5

G04 Dwell
G04 causes the program to wait for a specified amount of time
The time can be specified in seconds with the X or U prefixes or in milliseconds with the P
prefix
Ex: G04 X1.5
G04 U1.5
G04 P1500

G 20 imperial
G20 causes positions to be interpreted as being in imperial units. All the input values are inches.
This can only be at the start of the main program

G21 Metric
G20 causes positions to be interpreted as being in metric units(MM). This can only be at the
start of the main program

G28 Go to Reference point

G28 causes a fast traverse to the specified position and then to the machine datum
Ex: G28 X34.0 Z5.0
G U0.0 W0.0

G40 Cancel compensation

G40 cancels tools nose radius compensation

G41 Compensate Right

G41 enables tool nose radius compensation to the right of the programmed path.

G42 Compensate left

G42 enables tool nose radius compensation to the left of the programmed path

G50 Co-ordinate setting

G50 enables tool nose radius compensation to the left of the programmed path
G50 has 2 users . A coordinate setting block has ad X, Z, U or W upon it.
A maximum spindle speed block does not.
G50 clamp Spindle
G50 sets the maximum spindle speed for constant surface speed control.
An X, Z, U, or W, pefix must not be on the block or it will be interpreted as a coordinate
setting block.
Ex: G50 S 2000
G50 creats a new coordinate system in which the tools current position is set to the specified
coordinates.
The new coordinates can be in absolute or incremental form .
Ex: G50 X0 Z0
G50 U-40

G70 finishing cycle

G70 causes a range of blocks to be executed, then control passes to the block after the G70
The P and Q values specify the N block numbers at the start and end of the profile.
Ex: G70 P10 Q20

G71 Multiple Turning

G71 causes the profile to be roughed out by turning. Control passes on to after the last block of
the profile.
Two G71 blocks are needed to specify all the values.
Ex: G71 U2.0 R1.5
Specifies a depth of cut (radius) of 2 and an escape of 1.5

G71 P10 Q20 U1.0 W1.0

The P , N values specify the N block numbers at the start and end of the profile.

The U and W specify the distances and direction of the finishing allowances on the X and Z
axis

G72 Multiple facing

G02 causes the profile to be roughed out by facing. Control passes on to after the
last block of the profile.
Two G72 blocks are needed to specify all the values.
Ex: G72 W2.0 R1.5

( Specifies a depth of cut of 2 and an escape of 1.5 )

G72 P10 Q20 U1.0 W1.0

The P and Q values specify the N block numbers at the start and end of the
profile. The U and W specify the distance and direction of the finishing allowance
on the X and Z axis.
G73 pattern repeating
G73 causes the profile to be roughed out by displacing the profile. Control passes on to after
the last block of profile. Two G73 blocks are needed to specify all the values.
Ex: G73 U3.0 W4.0 R5 ( Specifies an X axis relief of 3.0 a A axis relief of 4 and 5 cycles )
Ex: G73 P1 Q2 U3.0 W4.0
The P and Q values specify the N block numbers at the start and end of the profile. The U and W
specify the distance and direction of the finishing allowance on the X and Z axis.

G74 End face Peck Drilling

G74 is a Z axis pecking cycle. Two blocks are required.
G74 R1.0
G74 Z-40.0 Q5000 R0.5 F100
Z depth of the hole
Q depth of cut in Z direction ( with out sign )
F Feed rate
The R in the first block is the return amount

G76 Threading Cycle

G76 is a multiple pass threading cycle . Two blocks are required

G76 P03 1560 Q 150 R0.5

G76 X17.96 Z-50 P1020 Q250 F1.5

The P value is 03 No of finishing passes

15 = Pull out angle
60 = Angle of thread
The Q is the minimum cutting depth times 1000, in this case 0.15mm
The R is the finishing allowance, here it is 0.15mm
The 2nd Block is the identified by specifying a coordinate.

G76 X17.96 Z-50 P1020 Q250 F1.5

The X and Z are the end of the thread. The R must be 0.

The P is the height of the thread times 1000, here it is 1.02mm
The Q is the depth of the first cut times 1000, in this case 0.25mm
The F is the threads LEAD(Pitch) and it is 1.5mm

G81 Drilling Cycle

An explicitly specified G81 will
Linear to new position
Fast traverse to start position
A modally specified G81 differs in that it will first traverse to 1mm short on the last drilling
position.
If only a X axis value is entered then grooving will be performed
If only a Z axis value is entered then drilling will be performed
Ex: G81 U-4.0
U-8.0
And

G81 Z-2.0
Z-4.0

G90 Turning Cycle

G90 is the diameter cutting cycle
It is the equivalent of

Rapid to X position
Free to Z position
Feed to start Z position
If an R value is specified tapering will be formed. The initial rapid move will be to the X position
plus the R value
Ex : U-4.0
U-8.0
and

G81 Z-2.0
G81 Z-4.0

G92 Threading Cycle

G92 performs one threading pass. The position specified is that of the end of the thread.
The F value specifies the pitch

Ex: G92 U-0.25 W-20 F1.5

G94 Facing Cycle

G94 is an end face cutting cycle. It is equivalent of
Rapid to Z position
Feed to X position
Feed to star Z position
Rapid to start X positioning
If an R value is specified tapering will be performed. The initial rapid move will be
to the Z position plus R value.
Ex: G94 U-4.0 W-2.0 R-8.0 F1400
W-3.0
W-4.8

G96 Constant Surface speed

G96 enables constant surface speed.
Ex: G96 S100
Sets the surface speed to 100 metres a minute.

G97 Normal Spindle

G97 cancels constant surface speed .

The spindle speed all not change until the next S value id reached.

Ex: G97.

G98 Feed per minute

G98 sets the feed per minute mode. This is the default
Ex: G98

G99 Feed per revolution

G99 sets the feed per revolution modes

G21 Metric
G20 causes positions to be interpreted as being in metric units(MM). This can only be at the
start of the main program

G28 Go to Reference point

G28 causes a fast traverse to the specified position and then to the machine datum
Ex: G28 X34.0 Z5.0
G U0.0 W0.0
M03 Spindle forward :
Starts spindle spinning forward at the last specified spindle rate.
Ex: M03 S1200 and M03
M04 Spindle reverse :
Starts the spindle spinning reverse at last specified spindle rate
Ex: M04 S1200 and M04
M05 spindle stop :
Stops spindle without changing spindle speed
Ex: M05
M06 Tool Change :
The T prefix causes a tool change, it need not be paired with on M06.The left most digit of T
ignoring select new tool

Ex: M06 T0200 and T20,T2 all select tool 2

M30 End of the program and rewind

G71 P10 Q20 U1.0 W1.0

The P , N values specify the N block numbers at the start and end of the profile.
The U and W specify the distances and direction of the finishing allowances on the X and Z
axis

G70 finishing cycle

G70 causes a range of blocks to be executed, then control passes to the block after the G70
The P and Q values specify the N block numbers at the start and end of the profile.
Ex: G70 P10 Q20

M Code List (Miscellaneous function)

Code

Instruction

M00

Program stop

M01

Optional stop

M02

Program reset/ End of the program

M03

Spindle clock wise rotation

M04

Spindle reverse

M05

Spindle stop

M06

Auto tool change

M08

Coolant on

M09

Coolant off

M10

Chuck open

M11

Chuck close

M13

Spindle forward and coolant on

M14

Spindle reverse and coolant on

M30

End of the program and rewind

M62

Output 1 on

M63

Output 2 on

M64

Output 1 off

M65

Output 1 off

M66

Output 2 off

M67

Wait input 1 on

M76

Wait input 1 off

M77

Wait input 2 off

M98

Sub program call

M99

Sub program end

1. M00 Program Stop:

Cycle operation is stopped after a block containing M00 is executed.
Ex: M00
2. M01 Optional stop:
Cycle operation is stopped after a block containing M01 is executed. This code is only
effective when optimal stop switch on Machine control panel has been pressed.
3. M03 Spindle forward :
Starts spindle spinning forward at the last specified spindle rate.
Ex: M03 S1200 and M03
4. M04 Spindle reverse :
Starts the spindle spinning forward at last specified spindle rate.
Ex: M04 S1200 and M04
5. M02 Program end:
Stops the spindle turns ,the coolant off, terminates CNC program

Ex: M02
6. M04 Spindle reverse :
Starts the spindle spinning reverse at last specified spindle rate
Ex: M04 S1200 and M04
7. M05 spindle stop :
Stops spindle without changing spindle speed
Ex: M05
8. M06 Tool Change :
The T prefix causes a tool change, it need not be paired with on M06.The left most digit
of T ignoring select new tool
Ex: M06 T0200 and T20,T2 all select tool 2
9. M08 Coolent on :
M08 turns the coolent on
10. M09 Coolent off :
M09 turns the coolent on
11. M10 Chuck open :
M10 opens the chuck
12. M11 Chuck close :
13. M13 Spindle forward , coolent on :
Sets spindle rotation forward and coolent on
Ex: M13 S 1000
14. M17 End of Subprogram

ANURAG GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS

(Formerly CVSR College of Engineering)
Autonomous
Venkatapur (V), Ghatkesar (M), R. R. Dist.
www.cvsr.ac.in
CAD/CAM LAB MANUAL

PART PROGRAM ON CNC Lathe

Exercise 1
(Q) Write a CNC part program for the following job on turning center
All dimensions are in mm

TOOL NO : T0202
SPINDLE SPEED : 1200, 1500

FEED : 60 , 30

JOB SIZE : X21, Z70

R5
R5

21

18

15

101
[BILLET X21 Z70;
G21 G98;
G28 U0 W0;
M06 T0202;

15

15

12

10

M03 S1200;
G00 X22 Z2;
G71 U0.15 R1;
G71 P01 Q08 U0.1 W0 F60;
N01 G01 X8;
N02 G01 X12 Z-5;
N03 G01 X12 Z-15;
N04 G02 X15 Z-20 R5;
N05 G01 X15 Z-35;
N06 G03 X18 Z-43 R5;
N07 G01 X18 Z-58;
N08 G01 X21 Z-58;
M03 S1500;
G70 P01 Q08 F30;
G28 U0 W0;
M05;
M30;

Exercise 2
(Q) Write a CNC part program for the following job on Turning center
All dimensions are in mm

TOOL NO : T0202, T0404

SPINDLE SPEED : 1500,1200,600

FEED : 60 , 30

JOB SIZE : X21, Z70

8

21

12

18

15

15

102
[BILLET X21 Z70;

G81 X10.5 F10;

G21 G98;

G81 X10 F10;

G28 U0 W0;

G81 X9.5 F10;

M06 T0202;

G81 X9 F10;

M03 S1200;

G81 X8.5 F10;

G00 X22 Z0;

G81 X8 F10;

G71 U0.15 R1.0;

G28 U0 W0;

G71 P01 Q06 U0.1 W0 F60;

M05;

N01 G01 X0;

M30;

10

N02 G01 X12 Z-10;

N03 G01 X12 Z-28;
N04 G01 X18 Z-28;
N05 G01 X18 Z-43;
N06 G01 X21 Z-43;
M03 S1500;
G70 P01 Q06 F30;
G28 U0 W0;
M05;
M06 T0404;
M03 S600;
G00 X13 Z-28;
G81 X12 F10;
G81 X11.5 F10;
G81 X11 F10;

Exercise 3
(Q) Write a CNC part program for the following job on Turning center
All dimensions are in mm

TOOL NO : T0202, T0404, T0606

SPINDLE SPEED : 1500, 1200, 600, 300

FEED : 60 , 30

JOB SIZE : X21, Z70

Pull out angle 0

Minimum cutting depth(Q) 0.03

Thread angle 60

Finishing allowance R 0.01

Depth of first cut 0.04

Core dia - 9.8530

No. of finishing passes (P) - 3

Pitch of thread F-1.75

Depth of thread (P) 1.074

R6

21

18

10

12

15

10

15

103

G28 U0 W0;

G00 X13 Z2;

[BILLET X21 Z70;

M05;

G76 P030060 Q30 R0.01

G21 G98;

M06 T0404;

G76 X9.853 Z-15 P1074 Q40

G28 U0 W0;

M03 S600;

M06 T0202;

G00 X13 Z-18;

F1.75
G28 U0 W0;

M03 S1200;

G81 X12 F10;

M05;

G00 X22 Z2;

G81 X11.5 F10;

M30;

G71 U0.15 R1.0;

G81 X11 F10;

G71 P01 Q07 U0.1 W0 F60;

G81 X10.5 F10;

N01 G01 X12;

G81 X10.0 F10;

N02 G01 X12 Z-18;

G81 X9.5 F10;

N03 G01 X15 Z-18;

G81 X9 F10;

N04 G01 X15 Z-28;

G81 X8.5 F10;

N05 G02 X18 Z-45 R6;

G81 X8 F10;

N06 G01 X18 Z-45;

N07 G01 X21 Z-45;

G28 U0 W0;
M05;

M03 S1500;

M06 T0606;

G70 P01 Q07 F30;

M03 S300;