Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D

CHNG

HNH KHI - MASSING

Hnh khi trong khng gian 3D gip nh thit k d dng hnh dung ra b cc hnh khi
ca cng trnh kin trc. Da vo cc hnh khi ny, chng ta xy dng tng thit k, ng
thi cc hnh khi cng s l khung chng ta dng cc di tng kin trc nh tng, nn,
mi, mi che, khung gin v.v...
Cng c to hnh khi cn l nn tng cho vic to cc phn t th vin cho cc chng
loi vt khc nhau (xem phn Cc chng loi - Family).
Hnh di bn tri l nhng hnh khi gi nn tng ca mt cng trnh kin trc.
Vic to hnh khi v s dng hnh khi c xp trong thanh lnh Massing nh hnh
di bn phi.

III.1 TO HNH KHI

III.1.1 CNG C TO HNH KHI
III.1.1.1 Kch hot cng c
1.

Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:

Trnh n:
Thanh lnh:

2.

Modelling Massing Create Mass

Massing Create Mass

Hp thoi hin ra:

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

3.

Ti y t tn khi v nhn OK.

4.

Thanh lnh Mass hin ra lm vic.

III.1.1.2 To hnh khi c bng lnh Extrude

Khi c n ln t bin dng 2D.
1.

Ra lnh to khi:
Thanh lnh: Solid Form Solid Extrusion
Trnh n: Modelling Solid Extrusion

2.

Thanh lnh Sketch - hnh phc hin ra (hnh trn bn phi).

3.

Chn mt phng cha hnh phc - c th thc hin bng cc cch sau:
Nhn chn
Ra lnh
vic - Work Plane).

4.

trn thanh lnh.

- chn mt phng lm vic (xem phn Mt phng lm

V bin dng:
Mc nh l thanh cng c Lines c kch hot v hnh phc bin dng. Nu
khng kch hot, nhn Lines.

Dng cng c v to bin dng.

Depth: cho chiu cao khi.
5.

Cho cc thng s:

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D

Nhn chn Extrude Properties. Hp thoi hin ra:

Cho cc tham s sau:

o Extrusion End: cao im cui ca hnh khi.
o Extrusion Start: cao dim u ca hnh khi. Hiu hai cao ny l gi tr
Depth - chiu cao khi.
o Visible: ON - c nhn thy hnh, OFF - khng nhn thy.
o Material: chn vt liu.
o Subcategory: phn loi theo chc nng phc v cho to hnh kin trc sau
ny. Nhn chn mt trong cc loi sau:
+ None: khng phn loi.
+ Form: hnh khi thng thng.
+ Floor Area face: lm mt sn.
+ Hiden Lines: ng khut. Nu chn phng n ny, khi chnh sa khng
nhn thy khi.
Nhn OK, kt thc cho tham s.
6.

Nhn Finish Sketch, kt thc v hnh phc.

7.

Nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to khi.

III.1.1.3 To hnh khi c bng lnh Blend

y l khi a din hn hp.
1.

Ra lnh to khi:
Thanh lnh: Solid Form Solid Blend
Trnh n: Modelling Solid Blend

2.

Thanh lnh Sketch - hnh phc hin ra (hnh di bn tri).

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

3.

V bin dng mt y ca khi:

Chn mt phng lm vic.
Dng cng c v phc to bin dng mt y ca khi.

4.

V bin dng mt trn ca khi:

Nhn nt Edit Top v bin dng mt trn ca hnh khi (hp thoi hnh trn bn
phi).
Dng cng c v phc to bin dng mt trn ca khi ngay trn mt phng v
mt y hoc c th chn mt phng khc song song vi mt phng y bng lnh
Plane.
Ti y, nu cn c th dng Edit Base chnh sa bin dng mt y ca khi.

5.

Cho cc thng s:
Nhn chn Blend Properties. Hp thoi hin ra:

Cho cc tham s sau:

o Second End: cao nh ca hnh khi.
o First End: cao mt y ca hnh khi.
o Cc thng s khc ging nh trong lnh Extrude.
Nhn OK, kt thc cho tham s.
6.

Nhn Finish Sketch, kt thc v hnh phc.

7.

Nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to khi.

Hnh di minh ha hnh khi to bng Blend.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D

III.1.1.4 To hnh khi c bng lnh Revolve

y l khi trn xoay.
1.

Ra lnh to khi:
Thanh lnh: Solid Form Solid Revolve
Trnh n: Modelling Solid Revolve

2.

Thanh lnh Sketch - hnh phc hin ra.

3.

Chn mt phng lm vic.

4.

Dng cng c v phc to bin dng ca khi.

5.

Chn trc xoay:

Ra lnh Axis.
Dng con tr v on thng lm trc xoay.
Trc xoay c th trng vi cnh mp thng ca bin dng.

6.

Cho cc thng s:
Nhn chn Revolution Properties. Hp thoi hin ra:

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

Cho cc tham s sau:

o
o
o
o

End Angle: gc cui ca hnh khi so vi mt phng cha hnh phc.

Start angle: gc xut pht ca hnh khi so vi mt phng cha hnh phc.
Nu hiu 2 gc ny = 360o, hnh trn xoay, < 360o, tit din l hnh qut.
Cc thng s khc ging nh trong lnh Extrude.

Nhn OK, kt thc cho tham s.

7.
8.

Nhn Finish Sketch, kt thc v hnh phc.

Nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to khi.
Hnh di minh ha hai khi to bng lnh Revolve.

III.1.1.5 To hnh khi c bng lnh Sweep

Khi c to ra bng cch qut bin dng 2D (tit din hnh khi vung gc vi ng
dn) dc theo ng dn.
1.

Ra lnh to khi:
Thanh lnh: Solid Form Solid Sweep
Trnh n: Modelling Solid Sweep

2.

To ng dn - Path:
Thanh lnh Sketch - hnh phc hin ra v ng dn. C 2 cch to ng dn:
Dng cng c Sketch 2D Path: v hnh phc to ng dn. V nh cc i
tng khc.
Dng cng c Pick Path: nhn vo cc cnh mp ca cc i tng c dng hnh
khi hoc nhng ng v bng hnh phc to ng dn.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D

Nhn
3.

, kt thc to ng dn.

To bin dng tit din khi:

Khi kt thc to ng dn, thanh lnh c nh hp thoi trn bn phi.
Nhn nt Sketch Profile v bin dng tit din.

4.

Cho cc thng s:
Nhn chn Sweep Properties. Hp thoi hin ra. Trong ny c thng s cn quan
tm nh hnh di khi ng dn l mt cung trn.

Trajectory Segmentation: phn on gy khc trn cung trn.

o ON - c phn on, gi tr Maximum Segment Angle: gc tm ln nht, c
kch hot. Cho gi tr gc. Mi on l mt cung c gc m bng gi tr
cho (hnh di bn tri).
o OFF - khng phn on. Hnh khi l mt ng trn (hnh di bn phi).
5.

Nhn Finish Sweep, kt thc lnh.

6.

Nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to khi.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

III.1.1.6 Sa cc khi to
1.

Giai on chnh sa:

Hnh khi to c chnh sa ti cc giai on bt k trong qu trnh thit k.
ang trong mi trng ca lnh Create Mass (cha nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to
khi): nhn tri chut vo hnh khi to, cc nt cng c hin ra.
kt thc lnh Create Mass ( nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to khi):
o Nhn tri chut vo hnh khi to, tr li mi trng ca lnh Create Mass.
o Nhn tri chut vo hnh khi to ln na, cc nt cng c hin ra.

2.

Cc thng s chung cho tt c cc hnh khi:

Rehost: chn khi ch khc. Nt cng c v mt bng tng hin ra chn ni gn vi

hnh khi ang sa.

: chn mt phng ca hnh khi khc. a con tr c gn hnh khi ang sa

n mt phng ca khi khc, nhn chut. Hnh khi c gn vo v tr mi.

: chn mt phng lm vic khc. Hp thoi chn mt phng lm vic hin ra

chn. Sau khi c mt phng lm vic, a con tr c gn hnh khi ang sa n v
tr cn thit, nhn chut.
o Level: chn mt bng cao .
o

3.

Edit Work Plane...: chn mt phng lm vic khc.

Thng s ring cho cc khi to bng cc lnh khc nhau:
Khi to bng Extrude v Revolve:
o Nhn nt Edit, tr li mi trng to khi sa cc thng s.

Khi to bng Blend:

o Edit Base:
o Edit Top:
o Depth:

sa mt y.
sa mt nh.
cho chiu cao.

Khi to bng Wseep:

o Nhn nt Edit Sweep.

4.

Sa kch thc bng cc nt kim sot:

Khi nhn tri chut vo i tng, cc nt kim sot hin ra.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D

Nhn, gi nt v r chut thay i kch thc.

Hnh ci kha l rng buc vi cc i tng xung quanh. Nu nhn kha ng, khi i
tng hin hnh thay i kch thc, cc i tng lin quan cng thay i theo.

III.1.1.7 To cc hc khot trong hnh khi

Cc hc khot vo hnh khi c thc hin khi c khi ch hin hnh (ang c kch
hot).
Bin dng phi v tr khi to ra, hc phi khot vo khi ch.
Vic to hc khot c th c thc hin trong khi to khi hoc sau khi to xong.
o ang trong mi trng ca lnh Create Mass (cha nhn Finish Mass, cha kt
thc to khi), cng c Void Form ang c kch hot.
o kt thc lnh Create Mass ( nhn Finish Mass, kt thc to khi): nhn tri
chut vo hnh khi to, tr li mi trng ca lnh Create Mass.

1.

Nhn chn khi ch.

2.

Ra lnh Void Form, chn mt trong cc lnh to hc nh hnh di.

3.

Kt thc lnh, cc hc c to ra (hnh di).

10 Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

III.1.2 A HNH KHI TO SN VO BN V

1.

Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:

Trnh n:
Thanh lnh:

2.

Modelling Massing Place Mass

Massing Place Mass

Hp thoi hin ra a hnh khi th vin vo.

Nhn Yes.
3.

Hp thoi hin ra.

4.

Nhn chn Metric Library, tip theo nhn vo th mc Mass. Tn cc tp cha hnh
mu hin ra.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D 11

5.

Nhn chn tp cn dng, nhn Open.

6.

Thanh cng c v hnh khi gn vi con tr hin ra.

7.

Chn phng n v cho thng s:

chn mt phng lm vic t khi. Nhn nt

o
o

ti Plan chn mt phng.

Ti y c cc mt phng mt bng tng.

Pick...: nhn vo mt phng to t khi.

chn mt phng ca cc i tng kin trc c hnh khi t khi.

o

Phng n ny i hi phi c i tng kin trc hoc hnh khi trong bn v.

Rotate after placement: ON sau khi cho t khi, c th xoay khi. Dng con
tr xoay khi hoc cho gc quay ti Angle.

8.

9.

Chn im t hnh khi:

a con tr n mt phng cn chn.
R chut n v tr cn thit, nhn chut.
Mi ln nhn chut mt hnh c t vo.
Nhn Modify, kt thc lnh.

12 Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

III.2 S DNG HNH KHI

III.2.1 TO CC THNH PHN KIN TRC DA TRN
HNH KHI
III.2.1.1 To tng theo hnh khi
1. Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Ra lnh to tng bng lnh Wall
o

Trn thanh Option, nhn nt

Thanh lnh:

Massing

2. a con tr n mt ca hnh khi, nhn chut, tng c to ra.

3. Nhn Modify, kt thc lnh. Hnh di l tng trn mt thng ng v mt cong
nghing.

III.2.1.2 To nn trn hnh khi

to c nn (sn) nh trn hnh khi, chng ta phi thc hin theo hai bc:
Dng lnh Floor Area Faces - to cc mt lm din tch nn (sn).
Dng lnh Floor by Face - to nn theo mt .

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D 13

1.

Bc 1: Dng lnh Floor Area Faces - to cc mt lm din tch nn (sn).

Nhn tri chut vo hnh khi c. Thanh Options hin ra.
Nhn nt

. Hp thoi chn cc tng hin ra.

Nhn nh du vo cc tng cn to nn.

Nhn OK, cc mt nm trn cc tng hin ra ct ngang ton b tit din khi.
Nu khi thp hn cao tng, c th dng cc nt kim sot ko ln (hnh trn
bn phi).
Nhn Modify, kt thc lnh, cc mt c to ra.
2.

Bc 2: to nn theo mt:
Ra lnh to nn bng mt trong cc cch sau:
o
o

Thanh lnh: Massing Floor by Face.

Trnh n: Modelling Floor by Face.

Thanh Options hin ra.

Offset: khong cch gia mt c chn v nn s to.

Select Multiple:
o
o

OFF - nhn chn mt no, trn mt nn c to ra.

ON - cho chn nhiu mt mt lc. Cc nt Create Floors v nt Clear c
kch hot.
C th chn nhiu mt mt lc. Sau khi chn xong, nhn nt Create
Floors, nn c to ra. Nhn Clear, nhn vo mt chn, xa vic la
chn .

a con tr n cc mt to bng lnh Floor Area Faces, nhn tri chut to

nn.
Nhn Modify, kt thc lnh, cc mt nn c to ra.

14 Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

III.2.1.3 To mi theo hnh khi

1. Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Trnh n:

Modelling Roof by Face

Thanh lnh:

Massing

2. Thanh Options hin ra.

Offset: khong cch gia mt c chn v mi s to.

Select Multiple:
o
o

OFF - nhn chn mt no, trn mt mi c to ra.

ON - cho chn nhiu mt mt lc. Cc nt Create Floors v nt Clear c
kch hot.
C th chn nhiu mt mt lc. Sau khi chn xong, nhn nt Create Roof,
mi c to ra. Nhn Clear, nhn vo mt chn, xa vic la chn .

3. a con tr n mt cn chn, nhn tri chut.

4. Nhn Modify, kt thc lnh, mi c to ra.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D 15

5. Khi thay i hnh khi, mi khng thay i theo.
6. Mun thay i mi theo mt ca hnh khi, nhn tri chut vo mi, nhn nt
trn thanh Options. Mi c cp nht.

7. Mun c mi l mt v nh hnh - NURB (Non-Uniform Rational B-spline) chng ta

c th nhp cc mt t cc phn mm khc di dng DWG hoc SAT sau dng lnh
to mi trn mt to mi. Hnh di l mi to t mt v nh hnh.

III.2.1.4 To h thng tm ngn - Curtain System theo mt ca

hnh khi
1. Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Trnh n:

Modelling Curtain System by Face

Thanh lnh:

Massing

2. Thanh Options hin ra.

Select Multiple:
o
o

OFF - nhn chn mt no, trn mt mi c to ra.

ON - cho chn nhiu mt mt lc. Cc nt Create System v nt Clear c
kch hot.

16 Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - Hnh khi 3D

C th chn nhiu mt mt lc. Sau khi chn xong, nhn nt Create
System, h thng c to ra. Nhn Clear, nhn vo mt chn, xa
vic la chn .
3. a con tr n mt cn chn, nhn tri chut.

4. i vi cc mt v nh hnh cng lm tng t nh phn mi nh.

III.2.1.5 Cp nht cc i tng trn hnh khi

1. Khi thay i hnh khi, cc i tng c to ra trn nh mi, nn, tng, tm che
khng t ng thay i theo.
2. Mun cp nht thay i phi lm nh sau:
Nhn tri chut vo i tng to trn khi.
Nhn nt

trn thanh Options. i tng chn c cp nht.

3. Hnh di minh ha cp nht mi nh trn hnh khi.

Autodesk Revit Architecture Chng - hnh khi 3D 17

4. Nt
, cho hin th hoc khng hin th hnh khi. Nt ny chm - c hin th (hnh
di bn tri), ni - khng hin th (hnh di bn phi).