CLUSTER

HOUSING &
PLANNED UNIT
DEVELOPMENT

What is Cluster Housing?

A subdivision technique
where
dwellings
are
grouped close together
with
a
common
area left for recreation.
In effect residents have
extremely small yards but
can enjoy the large
common spaces.

Residential Cluster Development

Residential

Cluster
Development,
or conservation development.

is

the grouping of residential properties on

a development site in order to use the
extra land as open space, recreation or
agriculture.

ADVANTAGES:
green/public
closer
an

space;

community and;

optimal storm water

management

According to William H.
Whyte the author of Cluster
Development

Two (2) Types of Cluster

Development
TOWNHOUSE

SUPER

DEVELOPMENT

DEVELOPMENT

TOWNHOUSE DEVELOPMENT

is a type of medium-density housing in

cities,
usually
but
not
necessarily
terraced
(row
housing)
or semi-detached.

One

of its example is Morrell Park in

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

MORELL PARK, PHILADELPHIA

SUPER DEVELOPMENT
Examples

of Super Development
include Reston, Virginia;

Crofton,

Maryland and;

Americana

Fairfax in Virginia.

RESTON, VIRGINIA

CROFTON, MARYLAND

AMERICANA FAIRFAX,
VIRGINIA

THE PURPOSE OF CLUSTER

DEVELOPMENT IS TO
Promote

integrated site design that is

considerate to the natural features and
topography.

NEXT IS TO

Protect
environmentally
sensitive areas of
the development
site; and

Preserve important
natural
features,
prime agricultural
land, and open
space.

IS TO
Minimize

non-point source pollution

through reducing the area of impervious
surfaces on site.

IS TO
Encourage

saving
costs
on
infrastructure and
maintenance,
such
as
decreasing
the
area that needs
to be paved.

AND ITS PRIMARY PURPOSE IS

TO
Create

more area for open space,

recreation and more social interaction.

The Planned Unit Development

Concept

What is Planned Unit Development?

Planned

unit development as a land use

concept began in the 1950s and 1960s.

is

a type of building development and also a

regulatory process.

designed grouping of both varied and

compatible
land
uses,
such
as housing, recreation, commercial centers,
and industrial parks, all within one contained
development or subdivision.

CONVENIENCE
is

one of the primary advantages of a planned

unit development.

use

a layout that features clusters of homes and

large open spaces or commercial areas.

PUDs

often include extensive sidewalks and wide

roads or bicycle paths, making it convenient to
get around the development by multiple means.

SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES
One

of the special zoning aspect is the ability to

build homes in closer proximity.

residents

are likely to be very close to

neighbours without the buffer zone of a yard.

PUD

residents also share public spaces like parks

and recreation areas, more time to socialize with
neighbours

fewer

opportunities for privacy

THESE REGULATIONS
are

set and enforced by the homeowners

association, and they vary from one PUD to
another.

Some

of these are positive, like requiring guests

to check in or all cars parked on the roads to be
registered with the homeowners association.

These

regulations enhance security and protect

residents.

IN BUYING AND SELLING

PUD's

amenities may make it more attractive to

some buyers, a PUD with multiple available units
can drive down the price and make it harder to
sell.

Buying

in a PUD can also be a problem, treating

units in a PUD differently for mortgage purposes.
This may complicate the buying process or reduce
a buyer's access to low mortgage rates.

PRINCIPLES OF PUD
Houses

and placement of houses

Streets
Sidewalks

and Pedestrian ways

Combining design features

HOUSES AND PLACEMENT OF

HOUSES
access

to a large shared open space

surrounding the house as well as a smaller
private yard.

These

large protected open spaces are

created by the layout of the buildings and are
intended for use by all residents of the
developments.

Different Housing Types

single-family,

two-family, multiple-family
are often mixed rather than separated as is
done in conventional development

STREETS
Street

patterns are one of the most important

elements in establishing the neighborhood
character of a residential community.

to

dispel the monotony of the typical grid

plan street pattern, PUDs often employ
a hierarchy of street types.

Local Streets
serve

only residences and have a low

traffic volume.

Collector Streets
connect

local streets to arterials, which are the

major routes of travel throughout a PUD.

SIDEWALKS AND PEDESTRIAN

WAYS
Sidewalks

and
pedestrian ways of
PUDs
supplement
and
complement
street systems in
establishing
the
character of the
neighborhood.

 Sidewalks

are located on at least one side

of every street to enable the walkability of
the developments.

 Circulation

systems are provided to link

residential groupings, open space areas,
schools, and local shopping areas.

Combining Design Features

It

is in the ability to design each of these

components simultaneously that makes
PUDs unique and effective.

 Each

of the elements work together to

enhance the whole.

This

a major advantage over traditional

zoning practices that force lots to be
planned in accordance with broad rules
that may allow for some incompatibility.

ESTIMATE OF MARKET PRICE

Estimating

the market price of an

equivalent site requires consideration of
these factors not usually encountered in
ordinary appraisals:

1.
Consider

the size of individual sites when

approaching the use of common areas
and recreational facilities.

2.
If

there are similar developments in the

neighborhood, consider a comparison of
common areas, including recreational
amenities.

3.
If

there are no similar developments,

place more emphasis on the cost to
produce a similar site with similar facilities
and benefits.

4.
Distribute

the pro rata supportable cost to

maintain the common improvements,
facilities and land owned by
the
homeowner's association to each site in
the development (subdivision) and add it
to the estimated value.

5.
Consider

maintenance charges regarding

cluster arrangements. For example, note
whether the advantages of cluster
arrangements are negated by high
maintenance charges.

FOUR (4) GENERAL STEPS TO

DEVELOPING A PUD:
1.

2.
3.
4.

Pre-application conference
Site Plan Review
Preliminary Development Plan
Final Development Plan

Pre-application conference
The

developer
consults
with
planning staff for
ordinance
and
process
clarication
and
discusses
initial
project plans.

Site Plan Review

The

site plan review

consists
of
a
detailed
site
analysis of existing
features, often an
on-site walkabout,
and a discussion
about project goals
and possible design
solutions.

Preliminary Development Plan

The
plan
includes
specic
documents
and maps giving a
legal description of the
project, a detailed site
plan and supporting
maps.
The
plan
commission holds a
public hearing at which
the developer presents
the PUD proposal and
the
planning
recommendations are
made available for
public review.

Final Development Plan

The nal plan contains

the
detailed
engineering drawings
of the entire site and
process
for
completion of the
project. The entire site
plan for the PUD will
be reviewed as a
single entity. The plan
commission would, at
this time, approve
recording the plat.

 EXAMPLE

OF
PLANNED UNIT
REPORT CARD

SUMMARY:
The

term Planned Unit Development (PUD) is

used to describe a type of development and
the regulatory process that permits a
developer to meet overall community
density and land use goals without being
bound by existing zoning requirements.
PUD is a special type of floating overlay
district which generally does not appear on
the municipal zoning map until a designation
is requested.

 This

is applied at the time a project is

approved and may include provisions to
encourage
clustering
of
buildings,
designation of common open space, and
incorporation of a variety of building
types and mixed land uses.
A PUD is planned and built as a unit thus
fixing the type and location of uses and
buildings over the entire project.

 Potential

benefits of a PUD include more

efficient site design, preservation of
amenities such as open space, lower
costs for street construction and utility
extension for the developer and lower
maintenance costs for the municipality.

END :) THANKS FOR LISTENING!

BROWN, DAWNE ROSARIO G.

DE GUZMAN, GIO NEIL C.
GAMBOA, ROWELL
MULA, LEA
PANGILINAN, FAITH
TAYAG, AYA DAYANARA

A-401
ARCH. RACHELLE SANTOS