Cc n v by trong khai cuc C Vua

Tt c cc bi post trong topic ny u c mnh lc dch t quyn Chess

Openings: Traps and Zaps ca Bruce Pandolfini. nh trong mc Sch v C
Vua nhng mnh ko c link down ebook ny nn y lun. Ni dung quyn sch
ny trnh by v nhng n v by m bn c th gp phi trong phn khai cuc ca
mt vn c. Sch chia lm 2 quyn nh, mi quyn gm hn 200 bi, nn lc
dch v post c ht ln y th khng bit khi no mi xong, hn na mnh vn g
English, thi th nh khi no rnh th post mt t vy
P/S: cho d theo di th mnh s t mu en m nhng nc c chnh thc trong
vn ca 2 bn. Trong phn Gii thch, nhng nc i yu trong vn mnh s t mu
m v in nghing, nhng nc nn i l mu xanh m v in nghing. Nhng
nguyn l pht trin qun trong khai cuc mnh s t mu xanh m
CHNG 1: TP HP CC NC I d2-d4
Bao gm cc khai cuc:
VN C TRUNG TM
GAMBIT AN MCH
GAMBIT GORING
GAMBIT SCOTCH
VN C SCOTCH
Cc khai cuc trong chng 1 l nhng khai cuc tiu biu cho nc y cht sm d4
ca Trng, nc c nhm chim trung tm cng nh m cc ng cho vic pht trin
qun nhanh. i vi ngi ang hc c, nhm khai cuc ny l mnh t tp luyn
tuyt vi v chin thut v cch chi tch cc cc qun c.
Trong Vn c Trung Tm (1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4) (xem hnh), Trng sn sng
th cht d4 nh bt con cht e5, ch ng trung tm ca en. Trng sau n li
cht d4 bng Hu. Nc i Hu sm theo l thuyt l mt nguy c, v sau 8...Nc6,
Trng buc phi rt Hu v ra khi trung tm, mt thi gian. Mc d gp phi tr ngi
ny, nhng Vn c Trung Tm vn mang n cho Trng mt s c hi tt, v en
phi chi mnh m trung cuc bo m th cn bng.

Vn c Trung Tm
Gambit an Mch (1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3 dxc3 4. Bc4 cxb2 5. Bxb2) (xem hnh)
li l mt th trn hon ton khc. y, Trng hi sinh 2 cht tng tc vic pht
trin qun. y khng phi l mt khai cuc tm thng, v nu Trng tht bi trong
vic trin khai cc t tn cng, anh ta s d dng l 2 cht m khng c c s b
p no. Cn en, thiu s pht trin qun, phi phng th cn thn. Kh hn vic c
tham lam gi u th hn cht, anh ta nn tr li 1 hoc 2 cht huy ng lc lng
ca mnh. Nu khng th cuc tn cng ca Trng s tr nn khng th chng
c.

Gambit an Mch
Gambit Goring (1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. c3) (xem hnh) c mi lin quan
cht ch n Gambit an Mch, nhn mnh mt ln na v vic pht trin qun
nhanh. y Trng thng thng ch hi sinh mt cht, do mc nguy him cng
thp hn Gambit an Mch. Cn en, theo l thuyt, s n cht v chu ng t tn
cng ca Trng. Tuy nhin, trong thc t, khng d Trng tn cng.

Gambit Goring
Gambit Scotch (1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. Bc4) (xem hnh) tng t nh
Gambit Goring, vi vic hi sinh 1 cht nhanh chng pht trin qun. Chnh xc th
vic hnh thnh Gambit Scotch khng r rng i vi cc k th thng thng. Trong
thc t, khai cuc ny hu nh lun lun bin i thnh nhng khai cuc khc nh:
Phng th 2 M, Tn Cng Max Lange, Giuoco Piano, v thm ch l Gambit
Goring. N thng c xem nh l khai cuc chuyn tip n nhng khai cuc phc
tp c lin quan. Ta c th chi khai cuc ny nhm che giu thc s ca mnh.

Gambit Scotch
Vn c Scotch (1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. d4 exd4 4. Nxd4) (xem hnh) l c gng ca
Trng nhm tn dng nhng li ch t Vn c Trung Tm m khng phi gnh chu
bt li t th c ny: xut Hu sm. Vi 1 cht e4 v 1 M d4, Trng to nn mt
th trn tp trung qun tt, v en phi kt hp chu ton va vic pht trin qun va
vic nh tr trc khi Trng cng c lc lng trung tm thnh mt khi b tng,
to nn u th vnh vin. Trong l thuyt, en c th tn cng ti 2 e4 v d4, lm
lung lay trung tm ca Trng v sau gii phng con cht Hu bng d7-d5. S phn
ng mnh m ny s cho php en tin vo trung cuc vi th trn vng chc.

Vn c Scotch

BI 1: NC TRUNG GIAN
VN C TRUNG TM
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nf6 4. Bg5 Be7 5. e5?

Th c sau nc 5. e5?
Din bin: Trng mun tn cng M f6, nhng anh ta b qua nc 5...Nc6, tn
cng Hu Trng v cht e. C 3 an ton cho Hu c th bo v cht l: c3, e3 v
f4. Nu 6. Qc3 th 6...Bb4 ghim Hu v Vua Trng. Nu 6. Qe3 th 6...Ng4 7. Qe4
(hoc 7. Bxe7 Qxe7 8. Qe4 Ngxe5) 7...Ngxe5, en hn cht. V nu 6. Qf4 th
6...Nh5 7. Qf3 (hoc 7. Bxe7 Qxe7 v en n hn cht nc k tip) 7...Bxg5 8.
Qxh5 Bc1 9. Nd2 Bxb2 10. Rb1 Bxe5 (xem hnh) v en hn nhng 2 cht.

Th c sau khi en n hn 2 cht

Gii thch: Nc th 2 ca Trng, d2-d4 l c ginh quyn kim sot trung tm,
nhng k hoch ny c th phn tc dng. Hu Trng c th phi xm nhp vo khu
vc trung tm qu sm, v sau n s l i tng tn cng t vic pht trin qun
ca en. Thay v chi 5. e5, Trng nn a M b1 ln, bo v cht e4. Sau , anh ta
c th nhp thnh xa. ng bt u tn cng nu bn khng c lc lng. u
tin hy xy dng th trn bng vic pht trin qun nhanh. Sau nhm vo
nhng im yu ca i phng. Ngoi ra, ng tin tng qu nhiu vo qun
Hu. Trc khi a n ln, hy pht trin cp qun nh .

Thay v chi 5. e5

Trng nn chi 5. Nc3

BI 2: GHIM QUN
VN C TRUNG TM
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qa4 Nf6 5. Nc3 d5

Th c sau nc 5...d5
6. Bg5 dxe4 7. Nxe4 Qe7 8. 0-0-0 Qxe4

Th c sau nc 8...Qxe4
Din bin: Hu en dng nh c bo v bi M f6, nhng khng phi l mi
mi. Trng ph v s bo v ny vi 9. Rd8+!. M c6 khng th bt Xe v n b
ghim bi Hu Trng. Nu 9...Kxd8 (hoc 9...Ke7 10. Qxe4+) 10. Qxe4 (xem hnh).
M en khng th n li Hu v n b ghim. en nh ni li tm bit vi qun
Hu ca mnh

Th c sau nc 10. Qxe4

Gii thch: Nu Vua ca bn vn cha nhp thnh, hy trnh vic m trung tm, iu
s cho i phng c hi tri buc Vua ca bn. V t nht, ng n nhng ming
mi nguy him (nhng qun tn cng) ca i phng. en nh gi rng Hu ca
mnh c bo v n tha bng M, nn chi 8...Qxe4, nhng anh ta khng
cn nhc nc chiu ca Xe Trng. Trc khi thc hin mt n phi hp hoc
mt chui cc nc i, hy c gng c tnh tt c nhng nc chiu c th c
ca i phng, bi v chng c th khin k hoch ca bn b o ln hon ton

BI 3: NC TRUNG GIAN
VN C TRUNG TM
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qe3 g6 5. Nc3 Bg7 6. Nd5 Nge7

Th c sau nc 6...Nge7
7. Ne2 d6 8. Bd2 Bxb2 9. Bc3 Bxa1

Th c sau nc 9...Bxa1
Din bin: en trng ch Trng bt qun Tng en ca mnh - qun c bt Xe
Trng, th nhng cuc i khng phi lc no cng l n ming tr ming. Hay hn
vic bt qun a1, qun M th l ca Trng ng ra ha gii vi mt nc chiu,
10. Nf6+. Sau khi en i nc bt buc 10...Kf8, Trng kt thc ni au kh ca en
bng nc chiu ht 11. Qh6#

Th c sau nc 11. Qh6#

Gii thch: Khi bn chi qun Tng nch (Tng g7 ca en hoc Tng
g2 ca Trng), bn khng th i n m khng lm suy yu cnh Vua ca mnh.
c bit yu l nhng c kim sot bi Tng - i vi en chnh l nhng
mu en. f6 v h6 l nhng yu khi m con cht g7 sm dng ln. Mt khi
chng cng khng c bo v bi Tng, th s tr nn rt nguy him. l l do
ti sao chng ta nn thn trng suy ngh k trc khi quyt nh i con Tng
nch, thm ch nu vic i qun ny gip ta li hn mt cht. Nu bn c th
trnh c vic i Tng th tt. y, Trng thng bng vic khai thc 2 yu
f6 v h6 vi M v Hu. Hy cn thn, hp tp dng cht sm c th dn n s tn
cng ca i phng. Nh Marcus Aurelius ni: "Ci g khng tt cho n ong th
khng tt cho con ong" (What is not good for the swarm is not good for the bee)
BI 4: TN CNG CHIU HT
VN C TRUNG TM
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qe3 Bb4+5. c3 Ba5 6. Bc4 Nge7

Th c sau nc 6...Nge7
7. Qg3 0-0 8. h4 Ng6

Th c sau nc 8...Ng6
Din bin: en nhp thnh v hng tn cng ca Trng. Khng c qun en no b
bt sau 9. h5, tuy nhin n li y qun bo v ca Vua en i. Nu M v e7, Trng
chi 10. Bh6 v ghim qun, Trng u th. V th en tip tc vi 9...Nge5, th 10.
Bg5!, p Hu en phi i vo mt v ngha, 10...Qe8

Th c sau nc 10...Qe8
Khng cn qun bo v f6, Trng chi tip 11. Bf6 g6 12. hxg6 Nxg6

Th c sau nc 12...Nxg6
c Trng tr li bng 13. Qxg6! hxg6 14. Rh8#

Th c sau nc 14. Rh8#

Gii thch: en gp vn v nhiu mt. Mc d chin thut sm a Tng ln
b4 c v tt, nhng n lm suy yu cnh Vua, c bit l g7. Trong tnh hung
cui cng, qun Tng en ca Trng p ch t g7 n h8, chnh nh vic Tng
en b a xa khi cnh Vua. Kh nng phng th ca M en cng khng tt khi
c a ln e7 (6...Nge7). Nn mnh dn pht trin qun M ny ln f6. en cng
sai lm khi nhp thnh v pha tn cng mnh ca Trng, vi mi nhn l cht h4.
y cht h ln gip Trng pht huy sc mnh ca Xe h1. Cui cng, qun Tng c4
nm gi cha kha chin thng, khi gip ghim cht en f7, ngn khng cho n n
qun g6. Tht ngc nhin khi en phi chu thua ch sau 14 nc.
BI 5: CHA I
VN C TRUNG TM
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qe3 Nf6 5. Bc4 Ne5

Th c sau nc 5...Ne5
6. Bb3 Bb4+ 7. c3 Bc5 8. Qg3?

Th c sau nc 8. Qg3?
Din bin: en ging mt ci by, v Trng ri vo. Hu Trng s cht sau
8...Bxf2+! (xem hnh), cha i Vua vi Hu. Nu chi 9. Qxf2 Nd3+, cn nu 9.
Kxf2 Nxe4+, li mt n cha i khc.

Th c sau nc 8... Bf2+!

Gii thch: Trng phm 2 sai lm y. u tin, anh ta nn tr li nc th
6...Bb4+ ca en bng 7. Bd2. Thng thng ta hay p li mt nc chiu sm ca
Tng bng cch ln cht. N p Tng phi t bo v, v khin i phng b mt
mt lt i. Th nn Trng p li mt cch t nhin bng 7. c2-c3. Nc i my
mc ny lm suy yu d3, a n ra khi s bo v ca cht. M en e5 khai
thc im yu ny. Trng c th trnh mt Hu, tuy nhin khng phi bng cch
chi 8. Qe3-g3. Nc rt lui n gin 8. Qe3-e2 c th gip trnh c thm ha. Sai
lm cui cng ca Trng chnh l 8. Qe3-g3. y l mt nc i t nhin, a Hu
vo v tr tch cc. Sc mnh ca nc i ny lun khin n chim ht tm tr ta.
Nhng trong khai cuc, gi tr ca qun Hu trn thc t li lm cho n tr
thnh mt tr ngi. a Hu tham chin sm to c hi cho i th ca bn c

th tn cng n v khin bn phi lng ph thi gian bo v n. ng pht

trin Hu sm nu khng c mt l do ng n.

Thay v chi 7. c3

Trng nn chi 7. Bd2

Thay v chi 8. Qg3

Trng nn chi 8. Qe2

BI 6: TIU DIT QUN PHNG NG
VN C TRUNG TM
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Qxd4 Nc6 4. Qe3 Nf6 5. Nc3 Be7 6. Bd2 d5

Th c sau nc 6...d5
7. exd5 Nb4 8. 0-0-0 Nfxd5 9. Nxd5 Nxa2+

Th c sau nc 9...Nxa2+

Din bin: Trng i, 10. Kb1 - nc bt buc, nhng li thng

bo v qun M a2 bng 10...Qxd5, nhng sau 11. b3 Nb4

. en phi

Th c sau nc 11...Nb4
Trng nm cho en mt c sc khng h mong i: 12. Qxe7+! Kxe7 13. Bxb4+
Ke6 14. Bc4 (xem hnh). Kt thc, Trng hn mt qun nh.

Th c sau nc 14. Bc4

Gii thch: en qu tham lam khi Vua ca mnh vn cn trung tm, ni m bit
i S.W.A.T ca Trng c th ly mng n (where White's S.W.A.T team could get at
it - tc gi quyn sch qu l rt hi hc ). Nhng con cht ct M v ct Xe
thng dn n s n o. Rt thng thng, bt chng cng c ngha l y
qun ca bn ra ngoi cuc chi, lng ph thi gian, v a Vua ca bn vo tnh
hung nguy him. en chi tt cho n khi anh ta b lc hng vo con cht a2.
Mt nc bt li qun n gin d5 (thay v 9...Nxa2+) s gip anh ta c mt th
trn tt hn nhiu.

Thay v chi 9...Nxa2+

en nn chi 9...Nxd5
BI 7: BY QUN
GAMBIT TRUNG TM[/CENTER]
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Bc4 Qh4 4. Qe2 Bb4+ 5. c3

Th c sau nc 5. c3
5...dxc3 6. bxc3 Bc5 7. Nf3 Qh5

Th c sau nc 7...Qh5
Din bin: Hu en ang long chong ra bn c - ni m tnh c ng ca n
b hn ch. Trng li dng v tr xu ny ca Hu en bng mt chui nhng mi e
da kh chu. Nc khi u l 8. g4!

Th c sau nc 8. g4!
en c th bo v Hu bng vi cch: (A) 8...Qg6 9.Ne5, v sau khi en chy Hu,
Trng s n M vo f7 ri h8; (B) 8...Qxg4 9.Bxf7+ Kf8 (nu 9...Kf7 th 10. Ne5+
cha i Vua v Hu) 10. Rg1 Qh3 11. Rg3 (xem hnh), v Hu en b by; (C)
8...Qh3 9.Bxf7+ Kf8 10. Rg1, tip theo l 11. Rg3 - li mt ln na by cht Hu
en.

Th c sau nc 11. Rg3 - Hu en b bt cht

Gii thch: Nhng k th thiu kinh nghim thng thch a Hu xng ln sm. H
a Hu ln cho nhng l do khng thc t. Trong khai cuc, li th t vic a
Hu ln s tr thnh mt tr ngi thay v mt sc mnh, nn thng ta khng
nn a Hu ln sm. Quy tc ny cng ging nh bt k gii hn hay ngoi l no
khc. Nc th 3 ca en, Qd8-h4, mc d kh c lc, nhng li cho thy rng en
khng hiu cch s dng qun Hu. Sai lm thc s ca en l nc th 7...Qh5,
khi Hu anh ta t chn ln vng t khng ngi (no-man's-land). Thay v nh vy,
anh ta nn chi Qh4-e7, tnh th s bnh n hn. Trong khai cuc, ng mang qun
Hu ca bn ln sm m khng c l do r rng v c th. C gng pht trin
nhng qun nh trc tin. Nh trn con ng West Fourth c (New York), mt

k th cng vin tng ni: "Qun Hu l mt bn giao hng. Hy chi khc

nhc do u trc" (The Queen is a symphony. Play your preludes first).

Thay v chi 7...Qh5

en nn chi 7...Qe7
BI 8: TN CNG CHIU HT
GAMBIT TRUNG TM[/CENTER]
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. Nf3 Bb4+ 4. c3 dxc3 5. bxc3 Bc5

Th c sau nc 5...Bc5
6. Bc4 d5 7. Bxd5 Qf6 8. Bg5 Qg6

Th c sau nc 8...Qg6
Din bin: en t ci u ca mnh vo mm con s t v hm rng ca con th
sp sa ngom li. Sau 9. Bxf7+! Kf8 (en s b chiu ht sau 9...Qxf7 10. Qd8# v
s mt Hu sau 9...Kxf7 10. Nxe5) 10. Qd8+ Kxf7 11. Ne5+ Ke6, v Trng tung n
kt liu vi 12. Qd5#

Th c sau nc 12. Qd5#

Gii thch: en thc hin vi nc i c vn v Trng tr li bng n chiu
ht. Nc chiu ca Tng en nc th 3 khng nhng chng mang li cht li
th no, m cn buc n phi di chuyn li sau khi b cht ui i. Tt hn l nn a
M cnh Vua ln trc thay v Tng (hy nh, M trc Tng). V ti sao li di
chuyn qun Hu nc th 7? Thm ch d khng phi l mt nc tuyt vi gip
ci thin th trn, nhng thay v i Hu, en nn pht trin qun M g8 ln. Qun
Hu nn c s dng nh mt mn p bng s vy. N phi c di
chuyn mt cch cn thn. Bn c th ngh Hu l qun c bn bit cch s dng,
nhng c th bn lm. Bn hiu qun Hu nh th no khi m nhng qun c thc s
to nn sc mnh ca Hu - Xe v Tng - li khng c bn ch ? C l suy lun
thun ty; bn khng th a qun i bt c u m khng c l do
BI 9: TN CNG CHIU HT
GAMBIT AN MCH
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3 dxc3 4. Bc4 Bb4 5. bxc3 Be7?

Th c sau nc 5...Be7?
Din bin: Nc sau cng ca en, 5...Be7, l mt sai lm, v anh ta kha e7,
trong khi Hu en c th cn pht trin ln bo v f7. Trng thng vn c bng
6. Qd5. en khng th phng th f7 vi 6...Nh6, v Trng ch cn n gin bt M
bng Tng c1; v en khng th bt li Tng v mi e da chiu ht f7. en c
th trnh chiu ht bng 6...d6, nhng sau 7. Qxf7+ Kd7 8. Qf5+

Th c sau nc 8. Qf5+
8...Ke8 (nc ng ngn 8...Kc6 cho php 9. Qb5#) 9. Bf7+ Kf8 10. Be6+ Nf6 11.
Bxc8 (xem hnh), Trng hn mt qun.

Th c sau nc 11. Bxc8 - Trng hn mt qun nh

Gii thch: Nu bn hn qun, i lc bn phi tr li mt t hoc ton b c
c mt th trn cn bng hoc tt hn. Khi i th ly li qun ca bn, anh ta
phi mt t nht mt nc lm iu . Nu bn c th xy dng th trn trong lc
anh ta n qun, bn nn c ginh ly th ch ng. Nu th trn l cn bng, t nht
bn cng lm suy yu sc tn cng ca anh ta. en c th lm gim t cng ph ca
Trng nu th chi 4...d7-d5. Nc c ny tr li mt cht, nhng i li en m
c ng cho cho Tng c8 v buc Trng phi kha d5 vi Tng c4 hoc
cht e4. Trng cng c th bt cht d5 bng Hu, nhng iu s dn n vic i
Hu, v Trng s gp kh khn khi m vn cn ang l mt cht.

Thay v chi 4...Bb4

en nn chi 4...d5
BI 10: TN CNG I
GAMBIT AN MCH
1. e4 e5 2. d4 exd4 3. c3 dxc3 4. Bc4 cxb2 5. Bxb2 Bb4+ 6. Kf1

Th c sau nc 6. Kf1
6...Nf6 7. e5 d5 8. Bb5+ Bd7

Th c sau nc 8...Bd7
Din bin: en khng nhn k tt c cc phng n. Anh ta ch nhn thy rng 9.
Bxd7+ th s chi tip 9...Nfxd7, bo v M. Anh ta cng nhn thy 9. exf6 s cho
php nh tr bng 9...Bxb5+. Vy iu anh ta khng nhn thy l g? chnh l
nc i quanh co 9. Qa4! (xem hnh). Nc c ny bo v Tng b5 trong khi cng
lc ging nng sng vo c 2 qun ca en, Tng b4 v M f6. en phi mt t
nht mt qun.

Th c sau nc 9. Qa4 - en phi mt t nht mt qun

Gii thch: Nc th 5 ca en, 5...Bb4+, khng phi l tt nht. Sau khi Trng n
nc chiu ca Tng bng 9. Kf1, en lin phi ng u vi nhng kh khn.
Anh ta phi bo v cht g, khi qun cht ny b Tng b4 b ri, ng thi en
cn phi pht trin thm qun. Anh ta nn tr li cht thit lp mt th trn cn
bng ng (dynamically balanced position). Thay v chi nc mo him 5...Bb4+,
en nn phn n bng 5...d7-d5. Sau 6. Bxd5, en c th chi 6...Nf6. Nu Trng
khng phn ng quyt lit t y (7. Bxf7+), en thm ch c th chim u th. Hy
tn dng li th . Nu bn phi th qun i ly u th tn cng ca i
phng, ng ngn ngi hy sinh ginh ly th ch ng. Trong khai cuc, li

th tn cng thng c gi tr hn li th v cht. Li th v cht s c li tn

cuc, nhng ng tic n nu bn c th b chiu ht ch trong 10 nc. "Bn khng
th tm mt phng thuc cha bnh khi mt ngi b cht" - Ibycus (You cannot find
a medicine for life when once a man is dead).

Thay v chi 5...Bb4+

en nn chi 5...d5