COST ESTIMATE GUIDELINES AND REFERENCES

How to Avoid Bidding Errors

A.

Read thoroughly plans, specifications, and general conditions of

contract, addendums, and invitation to bid. Study carefully the following terms
and conditions.
1. Bid bond 5% to 10% Cash or managers check
2. Time of completion number of working days or calendar days
3. Performance bond all risk insurance 10% to 20% of contract.
a. Work Guarantee Bond 20% to 30% of contract
4. Construction Bond for Residential Subdivision Requirements
5. City Tax or Contractors Tax
6. Contractors insurance Verify approved insurance company
7. Liquidated damages for 1% of 10% of bid
8. Price Escalation/ Time Extension
9. Revisions, changes, extra works
10. Last minute addendums, bid bulletins, time and date of the bid submission
11. Owner-supplied materials
12. Terms of Payments Check Down payments
13. Permits
Construction Permits (Architectural, Structural, Plumbing, Mechanical &
Electrical
Occupancy Permits
Demolition & sidewalk Permits
City tax new codes
14. Building Code Requirements/Boundaries

B. Look for confusing requirements or any discrepancies in plans and

specifications. Refer to architect and owner in writing ( black & white)

C. Look for notations on plans general scope of work, changes, alterations,

impossible requirements, Building code requirements
D. Evaluate & study carefully specifications
1. Make list of trades, brand, type that can fulfill the contract
2. Subdivide each trade list if needed
3. Ask quotations from subcontractors
4. Electrical, plumbing and mechanical if required.
Make sure you know the subcontractor suppose to quote on you. Set forms
to avoid gaps and mistakes
E. Set procedures for preparing bids
1. Plan the bid like a project with checklist, target date and project checklist
2. Check if bid required itemized cost breakdown/ unit cost of materials.
F.

Check and double check take-off estimate. It might have been

overlooked. Spot check subcontractor proposals if complete. Take note of scope
of works. Verify items not included, unit cost of materials.

G.

Site inspections Verify thoroughly the following conditions.

1. Existing facilities to be demolished wood, concrete steel.
2. Hauling In/ Out of matls Disposal of debris. Location.

Tools and

Equipment to be Used
3. Sources of Materials Verify materials unit cost of nearby suppliers. Major
materials from existing supplier and minor materials from new supplier. Verify
terms of payment. Prepare materials checklist. Always check Current Cost
of materials, prepare checklist.
4. Geographical conditions of site. Slopes, verify on plans, if backfilling is
required. Check if adobe, soil of backfill. Note depth of excavation requires.
Hauling in/out of backfilling, Dumping of debris from site.

5. Ideal location of bunkhouse, temporary warehouse or storage. Temporary

utilities. Dumping of materials to site must not have conflict with the layout of
proposed building.
6. Sources of manpower, technical expertise, tools and equipment
7. Temporary facilities- power, water, telephone
8. Future tapping of the following:
-

Power

Water

Telephones

Sewer and Drainage

Verify if in conformity with the plans. Check utility company
requirements. Project Study. Roads, sidewalks to be demolished.
Permits and payments.Deposits c/o Owner

H. Use the RULE OF THUMB method. Check the most contentious items of bid.
Recheck addition of subcontractors.
I.

Analyze the bid even if it is not successful. Update cost of materials. Check file
records and other historical data. Get result of bidding and prepare feedback for
future references.

J.

Major error in bid. Determine whether or not to continue work on the project.
Determine if you are willing to live with the error. Know the bid of other contractor.

K. Take note of indirect cost, VAT and other government taxes and requirements.
Subdivision requirements, construction bonds, insurance, city tax, performance bond.
L. You may wish to withdraw the bid.

Reminders before Estimating

A. Read first plans, specifications and general conditions of contract to familiarize
yourself with the general scope of works.

B. Spot check nebulous requirements if available in local market. Verify if imported,

suppliers, type of materials
C. Rough estimate to try. It must be 30-50% of what might be the ultimate cost.
D. Preliminary estimate. Unit cost obtained from past project. Recheck verify current
unit cost.
E. Always use the rule of thumb in the final estimate
F. RE-check your estimate. Let someone do it. Spot check multiplications and
additions of subtotal
G. Ask for quotations of suppliers or subcontractors of specialty works
H. Use different techniques in estimate
1. By volume method
2. BY area method sq. m.
3. By direct count
Be systematic. Breakdown estimate or use the area method.
Schedule organized breakdown.
I.

Begin estimate with fresh mind. Difficult items first, easy items like addition of total
cost can be done when you are tired

J.

Always use your imagination, observation, take note of items lacking or errors in
plans and specifications. Do not leave items. Immediately look for unforeseen
requirements before continuing to other portion.

Estimate Checklist
A. Site Development/General Requirements
1. Mobilization/Temporary facilities
a. Temporary Fence Total linear meter

Sawali 4 x 5 or GI sheets

Coco lumber 2x3/2x4

C.W. nails

Check if corr. GI sheet temp. fence

2. ID / Uniforms/ Biodatas
3. Workers Quarters Verify number of workers
a. Temporary Field Office

Plywood

2 x 4 lumbers

Roofing G.I. sheets or Lona 20 x 40

Emergency Kit

Drums

Tools and Equipment

b. Temporary Power, Water and Telephone Cost of utilities during

construction. Contractor or Owner

B.1 Checklist Temporary Power (Residential Only)

Description

Qty

Unit

RSC pipe x 10
Entrance Cup
RSC Conduit Nipple
Safety Switch 60 A 2p 1dia
THW wire # 12 (5.5 mm)
Electric Tape (big)
One way switch
Duplex Convenience Outlet
Fluorescent 40 w
Meter base
4 X 4 X 8 coco lumber or
equal

1
1

Piece
Piece

1
1
1
2
2
2
1
1

Set
Roll
Roll
Piece
Piece
Piece
Set
Piece

Unit
Cost

B.2 Temporary Toilet/Waterlines/Sewer

Description

Qty

Unit

PVC pipe 3 x 10
PVC wye 3 x 3
PVC bend
PVC bend

2
3
4
2

Pieces
Pieces
Pieces
Pieces

Unit
Cost

PVC Cement 100 cc

G.I. pipe x 20
G.I. tee
G.I. Elbow
Taplon Tape
Flush Type Water Closet
Drums
Water Hose x 15 lm

1
2
4
4
3
1
3

Qrt
Pieces
Pieces
Pieces
Rolls
Set
Set

B.3 Checklist of tools and equipment to be used

Concrete Mixer (1 bugger)

Bar Cutter/Circular Cutter or Hacksaw Blade

Shovel

Pick Mattock

Leveling Hose

Bareta/Pointed bar

Angle Grinder

Vibrator

Compactor

Plastic Container

B.4 Manpower Transportation/Cash Advance for Mobilization

B.5 Temporary Bunkhouse for Workers and Storage of Materials
B. Siteworks
1. Demolition of Existing Structure
2. Hauling out/in
Verify the following:
a. Slab, beams, footing, etc.
b. Materials that can be utilized wood/steel/doors/etc.
c.

Hauling out of usable materials and debris (labor+delivery charges)

location of disposal

d. Storage of usable materials

3. Clearing and Grubbing 3.00 m around building

a. Uprooting of trees and shrubs
b. Soil stripping if required
4. Sheet Piling Verify adjacent existing structures
a. Near creek, beside high-rise building, etc
b. Piles to be used Concrete pre-cast, steel or apitong lumber 2 x
10 x 12 for property walls

5. Verification of monuments, lot boundaries, slopes and topographical

conditions. Prepare fixed reference above the street level, building
elevations.
-

Check if soil test is required for 4 storey buildings up.

6. Excavation
a. Manually
b. By machine Calculate number of hours required
Verify Soil Conditions
Description

Qty

Soil
Adobe

Unit
Cu.m.
Cu.m.

Unit
Cost
150
200

7. Earthfi

ll/Backfilling works
a. Backfill Excavated portion of footing, wall footing
b. Earthfill

Slope of existing lot

Elevations of Proposed finished flooring from

street line or other reference point.

c. Type of filling materials

Description

Qty

Escombro
Banday Banda or Lastillas
Garden Soil for landscape/
Ordinary soil

Unit

Unit
Cost

T/L*
T/L*

Dump truck Or Ten Wheeler Truck

d. Tamping by Manual or Machine
Formula: LOOSE VOLUME or
VL =Length x Width x Depth
Compact Volume in Place or VC = VL + 25%
Description
6 wheeler truck
10 wheeler or
truck

Hauling In of Backfill Materials

Capacity
Unit
Unit
(soil)
Cost
4-6 cu.m
T/L
dump 12-16 cu.m
T/L

Depending on the type of Backfill escombro, soil, and lastillas?

8.

Gravel Fill
a. 0.05 m thickness below slab on fill and footing
b. G.I. gravel or gravel
TOTAL AREA OF SLAB = Length x Width x .05 m =
Total Volume of Gravel Fill

Description
6 wheeler truck
10 wheeler or
truck

dump

Capacity
(soil)
4-6 cu.m
12-16 cu.m

Unit

Unit
Cost

Per
cu.m.

9. Soil Poisoning For application before pouring of footing and slab

a. Type of Soil Poison Lentrex/Chlordane or F3D14

10. Polyethylene Sheet under slab on fill for Ground floor S lab
0.006 Thickness Polyethylene sheet approximately 9 kgs/sq.m. Specially for
narra parquet and vinyl tile floor finish

Reference Checklist: Foundation

a. Soil Bearing Capacity

1,500 2,000 psf (pounds per sq. ft.) Most commonly used
assumptions at city engineers office
3,000 to 4,000 psf
-

if adobe or hard soil depending on soil test done by

geotechnical Engineers

b. Soil Test For high rise building (Boring Test)

Cost P15,000 P20,000.00 per hole depending on the
requirement of structural engineer
c. Seismic Analysis if required

11. Other Outside Building Development Checklist

a. Fence Verify height and total length
b. Special Fence for Slope Area shear wall with perforated
pipes ( verify detail)
c.

Concrete curb and gutter, roads, walk, sidewalk

d. Parking Area
e. Rip rapping if required
f.

Water Tank/Genset Rooms/other base foundations

g. Landscaping
Note: Provide during construction permanent benchmark for elevation references.
C. Concreting Works
Checklist check strength required
2,500 psi slab on fill
3,500psi to 4000 psi for footing/ column/beam/slab/residential for high rise
building
1. Manual or concrete mixer Actual Site conditions if 2 storey building
2. Ready Mixed Concrete for high rise building

a. Interval of Delivery of Truck - 30 to 45 minutes

b. Capacity of One truck 4 to 6 cu. mts.
c.

Retarder or additives fast curing if required

d. Verification of scaffolding work before pouring-safety precautions

e. Dumping of excess cement if necessary
f.

Emergency Scaffolding/tools and equipment

Checklist of Concrete Works for Estimate

a. Footing, wall footing, footing tie beam
b. Columns per floor schedule
c.

Last Floor to roof or deck

d. Shear Walls
e. Concrete stairs
f.

Floor Beams and Girder per floor

g. Suspended slab
h. Parapet walls and canopy
i.

Elevator shaft

j.

Slab on fill (includes driveways and walks

k.

Cistern Tank and Septic tank

l.

Kitchen and Lavatory counter

m. Lintel beam for doors and windows

n. Electrical and Plumbing lines embedded in concrete, pullboxes
and catch basins
o. Concrete Curb and gutter
p. Fence/electric post
q. Others as per plan

10

Computations shall be scheduled systematically to

above items not included in the estimate. Itemized per
floor

Volume = Length x Width x Depth

Note : To include all portion below natural grade line (footing, column, walls, etc..
depth)

Estimate References for Concrete Works

Ratio : 1 part cement

2 part sand
3-part gravel

Compressive Strength of Concrete = Fc Psi- Pounds per square inch

Class
AAA
AA
A
B

Fc@28 days
Ratio
4000 psi (281 kgs/sq.cm) - 1:2:3
ready mixed concrete
3,500 psi (special)
1:2:4
3000
psi(regular
211 1:2:4
kgs/sq.cm.)
2,500 psi (176 kgs/sq.cm)
1:2 :5
For estimate use

Cement
11 bags

Sand
.40 m 3

Gravel
.40 m 3

10 bags
9 bags

.41 m 3
.42 m 3

.82 m 3
.84 m 3

8 bags

.44 m 3
.50 m 3

.87 m 3
1.0 m 3

Example :

Note:

3,000 psi
Cement

=
=

Total Volume ( Concrete per computations)

35.00 m3 x 9.0 m3
=
315

= 35 cu.m
= 315 bags

Sand

35.00 m3 x .42 m3

14.7

= 15 m3

Gravel

35.00 m3 x .84 m3

29.40

= 29.40 m3

Use only Local Brand Cement Portland cement

11

Brand : Dragon, Northern Cement, and Island Cement

Get one (1) concrete sample for every 10.00 cu. mts. of concrete during
pouring of concrete on 12 concrete cylinder for testing of strength as required
for occupancy permit.
Capacity of Truck
1 bag of cement = 1 cubic foot
Note: pump cute interval of delivery of concrete every 30 min. capacity of truck 4 6.00m
Cement
Description
6 wheeler truck
10 wheeler or dump truck

Capacity (bags)
100-200 bags
500 bags

Cost

Gravel/ Sand
Description
Capacity
6 wheeler truck
2-4 m3
S-1
10 wheeler or dump truck
12-14 m3
concreting works
White Sand
- for plastering/topping

Unit Cost
-

for

40

kgs

Concrete Mixed
For one bag of Cement
(weight)

Gravel
G 1 to 1 gravel for foundations
Slab on fill
gravel 3/8 to 3/14 for all structural members
verify if crushed gravel or washed gravel
D. Formworks

12

1. Estimate form lumber using 2x3/2x4/2x6 coco lumber per total volume of
concrete to be used. Estimate first total concrete volume as per guidelines.
Coco lumber supplier to order coconut bark, avoid lumber at center
2x3/2x4

2x6

for vertical lateral ties and braces

for beam support and footing

cost of coco lumber 12.5 to15.50 per bd. Ft.(jan 06)

2. Normal coco lumber requirements
150 board feet per cubic meter of concrete
1 truckload of coco lumber
Ten-wheeler

Elf,

-1,800 to 2,500 bd. Ft.

-4,000 to 5,000 bd. Ft.

Cost of cocol umber 6.50 to 7.50 per board foot

3. Assorted C.W. Nails
C.W. nails
C.W. nails
C.W. nails
C.W. nails

1
2
3
4

For scaffoldings

Commercial Sizes
1 box = 20-25 kgs (small)
1 box = 30-38 kgs ( large)

Estimate Guide
QTY

1 kilo per 50 board foot or lumber

Total board foot

/ 50 = N o s.

of kilos

/ 25 = No. of

box
50 bd. Ft.

25 or 38 kgs/box

4. Concrete Nails 3 & 4 for CHB filing guide, concrete walls ceiling joist
and cabinet frames. Quantity depends on the actual requirements

13

NAILS CHART
2D
4D
6D
8D
10 D
20 D

CW Nails
1
1
2
2
3
4

Finishing nails

Pieces per kilo

1,680 pcs
705 pcs
380 pcs
260 pcs
120 pcs
55 pcs

Usage
Forms Plywood
Forms plywood
T & G flooring
Ceiling joist
Trusses/Rafters
Floor Joist

Size
1
1
2

Usage
ceiling
T & G flooring
Cabinet frames

5. PLYWOOD - Use 3/8 to plywood. Normal market/commercialize of is

too thin
Solve for Contact Surfaces. Columns/Beams/slabs as per plan. See checklist
for concrete works.

area required for formsa

Column Example:
4 sides or Perimeter
(.20 + .20 + .40 + .40) x height

sq.m.

Beam Example
3 sides
(.15 + .40 + .15) x height

sq.m.

Slab = Length x Width

Sq.m.

Summarize all required formworks

area required for formsa

Total Contact Surface in Sq. Mts.

Pieces
2.88 or 1.20 x 2.42 Plywood Size

Nos.

of

of Plywood
Required
Note : Check if you can use it again if building is large. Small buildings assume as per
estimate.
Formoil Normally to use USED oil Quantity approximate; 1 ltr. per 15 sq. mts.
If steel scaffolding is to be used check rental per day of steel accessories. Verify to supplier.
Note : For residential, use good lumber for scaffolding, to be used later for rafters, purlins, ceiling
joist, etc.
E. Steel Reinforcement/Bars
Steel forms rental per piece /day. As per plan

14

REBARS DESIGNATION
American
Philippine
Yield Point
Society for
Standard
Strength
Testing
Kgs/
Psi
Materials
mm2
(ASTM)
Structural
Grade 24.452 33,000
Grade
230

Tensile
Strength
Kgs/
Psi
mm2

Usage

39.77

55,000

For
reside
ntial
only
Depen
d
on
structu
ral
design
For
highrise
buildin
g

Intermediate
Grade
(Grade 40)

Grade
275

28.042

40,000

48.95

70,000

Grade 60

Grade
410

41.80

60,000

63.22

90,000

Standard Length of Bars

Feet
20
26
30
35
40

Meter

Most commonly used available in hardware

6.00m
Special Length, per order to supplier

6.00 m
7.50 m
9.00 m
10.50 m
12.00 m

20 (6.00m) 9mmd, 10mmd, 12mmd

20 and above 16mmd, 20mmd, 25mmd

Commercial Sizes of Rebars

Nominal Diameters
(metric)

Designation
(English)

Unit weight
per meter
(Kilos per

15

Cross
Secti
onal
area
in

8 mm
9 mm (2.3 kgs)
10 mm (standard)
12 mm (standard)
16 mm (standard)
20 mm (standard)
25 mm (standard)
28 mm (standard)
32 mm (standard)

Substandard
Commercial Sizes
3/8
#3

#4
5/8
#5

#6
1
#8
1 1/8
#9
1
# 10

meter)

sq
Inch

0.616
0.888
1.579
2.466
3.854
4.833
6.313

0.11
0.12
0.31
0.44
0.79

Example:
20 pcs 16 mm dia. X 6.00 bars
20 x 1.576 x 6.0 = 189.46 kgs.
To get quantity of G.I. wire # 16
a. G.I. wire # 16, through use of Concrete Volume
2 kilograms per cu. m. of concrete
25 30 kilos per roll
(Check commercial weight to supplier)

NO. OF ROLLS

b. Estimate thru Rebars

20 kilos of G.I. wire per metric tons
1 metric ton
=
10,000 kilos
1 kilo of wire
=
+ 53 linear meter
1 roll
=
35-40 kilograms
or current commercial kilos per roll = 38 kgs/roll
c. G.I. wires for CHB walls
4 chb 10 length of tie wires
5 or 6 chb
12 length of tie wires
Spacing of rebars
Vertical @ 0.60 m. o.c.
Horizontal
every third layer
GI wires Kilos per sq. mts 0.04
Example : Total Area of CHB walls 230 m2 x 0.04

= 9.2 kilos, or 10 kilos of G.I. wire # 16

d. Welding Rods
e. Rust Proofing
f. Post Tensioning per plan special Construction, quotation per suppliers

Rebars substitution
Say 12-16 To 20 mm

16

Reinforcement/Rebars Data
How to Determine Bar Splicing Length
Type
1. Tension Bars
2. Compression Bars

Minimum Splice Length

25 x bar size +150 mm
20 x bar size + 150 mm

Example : Column
20 mm
= 20 x 20 mm + 150 mm
Compression = 550 mm or .55 m

NO FOOTING SHALL REST ON FILLING MATERIALS

Y spacing of bars 1 @ 0.05
2 @ 0.10
3 @ 0.15
rest @ 0.20 m on center
F. Masonry Works
Estimating CHB walls
4 chb interior chb partition
6 chb exterior chb partition for buildings
5 chb exterior chb partition for residential
Example :
A1

= LXH
= SQ. M. GROSS AREA
A-1 LESS (A-2+ A-3)
= SQ. M. NET AREA
A-1

= 3.0 X 4.0
= 12.0 SQ.M

A-2
= 1.60 X 1.20
Take note of
portion below grade line
= 1.68

17

A-3

= 0.80 X 2.10 = 1.92

A-2 + A-3 = 3.60

A-1 LESS (A-2 + A-3) = 12.00- 3.60 = 8.40 SQ. M. = NET TOTAL AREA
FORMULAS
1 cubic foot
0.0285 cu. mts
1 cubic meters
35.28 cu. Feet
1 bag of cement
1 cu. Foot
1. CHB Filler
Ratio 1: 3 or 1 part cement to 3 parts sand
Cement
25 pcs. Per bag
20 pieces per bag

4 chb
6 chb
Example:
2,200 pcs. 4 chb
----------------------25
88 bags x 0.0855

Sand
0.0855
cement

88 bags cement

7.52: say 8.00 cu. mts. sand

2. CHB Plastering
Ratio 1: 2 or 1 part cement to 2 part sand
Cement
- thk plastering
Sand

Example:
Say,

0.50 bags per sq. m.

0.057 cu. mts per bag

200 sq. m x 2: both face

-------------------------------0.50
= 200 bags cement
200 x 0.057 = 11.4 says, 12 cu.m.

3. CHB Type/ Strength

NLB or non load bearing

m3 per bag

400-500 psi

18

Available
in local
market

LB or Load Bearing (Jackbuilt), etc.

700-1000 psi

Locally
available
special
chb

Note : Verify delivery cost within Metro Manila or outside Metro Manila
4. Floor Topping
Class A

Mortar
1:2*

Per cu.m . Volume

16 bags/cu.m.

Sand
0.80 cu.m.

Class B

1:3**

12 bags/ cu.m.

0.89 cu.m

Usage
For topping,
finishing
works, tiles,
etc.
For topping
over slab to
level flooring
after pouring

*1:2 Ratio 1 part cement for every 2 part sand

** 1:3 Ratio 1 part cement for every 3 part sand
5. Rebars for CHB
4 chb
6 chb

10 mm diameter at every 3rd layer horizontal bars

10 mm diameter at 0.80 m vertical bars
12 mm diameter at every third layer horizontal bars
12 mm diameter at 0.80 m. vertical bars

Assume
Say

:
:

4.25 LM per sq.m. of chb

210 sq.m. x 4.25 lm
=
892.50 LM
--------------------------6.00 m: standard length of bars
= 148.75 pieces,
say 150 pieces 10 mm dia.x 6.0 m def bars

6. G.I. wire Masonry works Ga # 16

Tie Wire 10 to 12 length. Included in rebars wire computation (see checklist)
7. Firewalls/ Toilets. Floor Topping
a. Requirement for waterproofing
Sahara Compound 1 pack per bag of cement for plastering of firewalls
b. Plaster Board

. Assume 5 sq. meters per gallons for floor topping

G. Steel Trusses. Verify details as per plan.

1. Type of trusses
Steel trusses
Open Web
Rigid Frame

Built Up

19

2. Checklist for Estimate per Plan. Always verify if roof framing is correct/ economical.
Angular Bars
Top and bottom chords
Web Members
Cross Bracing
Turnbuckles
Baseplate (Thickness)
Bolts and nuts
Sag rod
Hanger or support for ceiling with
bolts

Welding rod
Oxygen Acetylene
C Purlins 2 x 4/ 2 x 6 1.5 mm
thickness
Angular bars for fascia board
connection

* Preferable to get quotation from qualified subcontractor

Wooden Trusses. Checklist per plan
1.Top Chord/ Bottom Chord
2.Web Members/ Collar Plate/ Struts
3.Wood Plate
4.Girters
5.Fascia Board Tanguile KD S4S
6.Wood Braces
7.Purlins
8.Machine Bolts, nuts and washers
9.Eaves ventilation wood slots with US Aluminum Screen
10. Tension Rod and Sag Rods
11. Special Trusses Fabricated for Low Cost Gang nail/Others

To get board foot of lumber

20

Example:
1 pc

2 x 3 x 16

2 x 3 x 16
12

1 pc 8 bf/pc
8 bf

5 pcs 2 x 5 x 14

2 x 5 x 14
12

11.66 bf x 6 pcs
58.33 bf

6 pcs 1 x 2 x 14

1.5 x 2 x 14
12

Conversion Factors
Cu.ft x 0.02832
Bf ft. x 0.0833
Cu. mts x 35.314
Cu. ft x 2.8317 x 10-2

3.50 bf / pc x 6 pcs
21 bf

Cu. mts.
Cu. ft.
Cu. ft.
Cu. mts.

H. Roofing Works
1. Ordinary Corrugated GI sheet Ga.# 16
Standard Market Sizes
Corr. GI sheet Ga # 26 x 32
-do-do-do-do0.30 meters standard overlap

Width

Standard
Length

Standard

7 feet
8 feet
9 feet
10 feet
12 feet

11.50
0.70 side lapped 2
or 2 corr.

16.42, say
17 pcs. X 2 side

34 pieces
Ga# 26 x 32 x
10 Corr GI
sheet
5.40 m. = 18
2 pcs.- 10 length

21

2. Plain GI sheet Ga. # 26 x 32 x 8 standard. Solve for flashing and counter flashing for
firewalls and parapet. Verify actual plan.
3. G.I. gutter Ga. # 26 x 8 -

Standard Gutter

Special Gutter ( Spanish type)

4. Ridge Rolls x 8
5. Valley gutter. Verify if outside gutter or inside gutter
6. Others per plan. To include fascia board for estimate.
7. Accessories
a. GI roof nails 3 -

kilos

b. Lead Washer

kilos

c. GI washer ( medium or thick)- kilo

d. GI rivets x 3/16
e. GI strap Ga # 26
f.

Nicolite Bar

g.

Muriatic Acid

h.

Roof Cement ( Vulcanized)

i.

Red Oxide or red lead primer

j.

Silicon Sealant

For Color roof Verify type to be used. Ask for quotation of supplier. Standard Sizes
Brochures
Type 1 Rib type long span ; most common for residential
Checklist
Width

Ga.
#
26
(Thickness)

a. 0.40 mm
b. 0.40 mm
c. 0.40 mm
d. 0.40 mm
e. 0.40 mm

X
X
X
X
x

1.040 m
0.610 m
0.610 m
0.610 m
0.915 m

Length
X
X
X
X
x

___ LM
2.44
2.44
2.44
2.44

Rib Type roof

S type gutter
V type gutter valley
Ridge roll
Capping/Flashing

Accessories
a. Tek Screw (Metal Screw) 12 pcs per sq m

22

b. Blind Rivets
c.

Silicon Sealant Per tube

d. Touch Up Paint
e. Vulcaseal gallon

Take note of delivery charge Around P 2,000.00 2,500 per trip, within Metro Manila or
outside Metro Manila

Order roofing one month in advance. Delivery is 2 3 weeks after order and payment.

Always estimate as per actual plan.

Formulas
A2 = c2 b2
B2 = c2 a2
C2 = a2 + b2
Roofing by area method
a. Determine total flat area required
L x W + pitch factor solve for linear feet required
Roof pitch
(Height) meters
0.32
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
b. Verify type of roofing as per plan
Tegula 11.50/m

23

Add to total flat area

(Percent)
2%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
11%
14%
18%
21%

Rib type
Banaue type
Others per brochures or specifications
I.

Windows as per plan

1. Verify if the window jambs are required
2. Checklist on type of windows to be used
K. Jalousie windows 7/32 thk clear or smoked glass
-

Verify if operator type

Jalousies with steel grilles or aluminum

Grilles with or without design normally grilles shall be

10mm square bar (3/8) or 12 mm square bars (1/2)

To compute: L x W= area in m x 10.76

= area in ft
Jalousie Windows Specifications
Hoover alloy 6063-T-5 Anodized natural Anodized natural color lever type
operator with 7/32 clear glass 4 blade

Standard
No. of blades
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

Single control
Standard height
In meters
0.378
0.466
0.566
0.644
0.733
0.822
0.910
1.00
1.080
1.178
1.266
1.355
1.444
1.533

24

Width
Minimum of 0.80 m

18
1.622
19
1.710
20
1.800
21
1.888
22
1.978
23
1.060
Note: verify of aluminum screen for windows is included in contract

L. steel casement windows (casement or awning type)

1/8 x 7/8 or T & 2 mild steel section
1/8 thick clear or smoked glass
12mm square bar grilles with or with out design or as specified
aluminum screen if with u frame or detached
A= L x H= area in m x 10.76= ft

M. aluminum frame windows (sliding or fixed)

verify if anodized (white), analok (brown) or powder coated

7/32 or thick glass bronze or clear glass green or blue

weather strip vinyl (mohair)

N. French type windows(wood or steel)
7/32thick glass
hinges
special
locks and bolts

O. Window casing if required on plans(wood or concrete)

P. Other special type windows(local or imported)
I.

Doors and Jambs

A

25

1. Door jambs 4 2 x 6 yakal or quijo

2. Door casings per plan/ mouldings 1x 5 / 1 x 6
3. Wood preservatives solignum or black coal
4. Flush type doors 1.3/4 thick or height per plan
1. Hollow core ordinary both face
2. Hollow core 1 face marine
3. Hollow core both face narra
4. Hollow core with glass for kitchen
5. Narra panel floor solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan
1. Tang. KD panel door solid core 1-3/4 thick per plan
6. 1 louver door for toilets tang. Kd/aluminum, door.
7. metal louver door for pump room, electrical etc.
8. accordion door
1. metal with or with out plates GA # 14
2. wooden accordion
9. aluminum doors
1. anodized kawneer finish
2. analok finish
3. with or with out grilles
10. roll-up door
1. metal manually operated/machine operated
11. sliding doors/windows per design
12. aluminum screen doors
13. metal clad doors
14. special doors for vaults
B.

Accessories
1. 3 x 3 loose butt hinges us or local
2. 3 x 3 double action hinges

26

3. door track and hanger set

4. lockset per specification-local or imported
5. door closer
6. door bumper and stopper
7. master keys for buildings 2 sets
8. barrel bolts
9. foot bolts / head bolts
10. padlocks
11. peepholes
12. night-latch / privacy lock for toilets

J. Miscellaneous hardware
1. stair nosing- brass or non slip/ carborandum
2. Washington hinges or hettich hinges piano hinges
3. closet/cabinets, handles and pulls roller catches an magnetic catches
4. finishing nails and concrete nails
5. railing for stairs
K. Thermal and moisture protection
1. vapor barrier polyethylene sheet 4 width - > 7.8 m/kgs. 107.8 kgs. Per roll
2. Sahara cement 1 pack per bag of cement for firewall plastering
3. ceiling insulation (thickness to verify)1 roll = 5 x 15mts
1. sisalation or aluminum foil
2. fiberglass
3. styropor boards
4. cauling and sealants
5. fireproofing materials
1. elastomeric

27

2. membrane
3. asphalt (hard) 30kgs. / bags
note : guarantee 5 to 10 yrs
preparation and cleaning of surface before application
L. Carpentry works
A. WALLS
a. Vertical & horizontal studs 2x3 / 2x4 S4S
b. Plywood panel - per plan ord. Or narra
c. Baseboards 1x6 with or without design
d. C.W, Nails 2" and finishing nails 1 "
e. Concrete nails 3"I rat proofing PLN GI SHT
1. Ordinary or narra or marine for ext.
2. Danarra 1 tempered lawanit
3. 5-cut KD LBR
4. Wood lattice with design
2.Wooden Post 4"x4" per plan
Post strap - 3116 x 1 1/2x 24"
3. Special Walls - Corkboard

B. CEILING WORKS
1. 2x2 Apitong RO or S4S @ 0140 x0.60 / 140 x 140
Ordinary or treated - Wolmanized tanalized
2. 2x3 / 2x4 Runner
3. Hanger 1/2 " PLN Round bar with thread and nuts
4. Concrete Nails
5. Exterior Ceiling
a. 1x1TANGKDWoodSlats

28

b. 1/4" x 4' Screen wire (welded)

c. 1x2 Frame
6. Ceiling niouldings size Per plan
Ordinary - 1" to 1 112," to 3" special design
7. False beam per design

8. T and G or S-cut for ceiling

9. Cover lights " - 1/4 plywood
Acrylic diffusers .30 x 1.20 / .60 x 1.20 per plan

10. Special ceiling design

a. Mirror
b. architectural Glass
c. Acoustic board - T runner
C. FLOORING
1. Wood girter and corbel plates
2. Machine bolts with nuts and washer
3. Floor Joist Apitong Ro
4. T and G Flooring
a. Sanding of T & 0
b. Wood Filler and Paints
D. CLOSETS & HANGING CABINETS PER DESIGN
1. Plywood
2. Hardwares - drawer slides / handles / hinges
3. Weldwood glue
4. Hanger rod and bracket
5. Drawer locks / bolt
6. Secret drawer

29

E. HANGING CABINETS
1. Bar counter per design
2. Kitchen Hanging cabinet
F. WOODeN STAIRS
1. Handrails 3x8 narra or guijo S45 2. Riw
3. Threads
4. Balusters
5. Flat bars and screw
G. KITCHEN COUNTERS PER DESIGN
1. Wood / Concrete
a. Frame 2x3
b. Plywood 3/4
c. Cabinet louver door
d. Formica top / Adhesives
f. Tiles inside counter white

2. Marble/Granite tiles
a. Countertop 1
b. Splashboard 4" to 6"

A. Area method
1. board ft of studs / m @ 0.60 m.o.c.b.w.
2. 2 x 3 5.38 bf/m
3. 2 x 4 - 7.30 bf/m
B. wooden partition
1. 2 x 3 9 bf/m
2. 2 x 4 12bf/m
C. ceiling plywood joist

30

1. 2 x 2 @0.60m o.c b.w = 7bf/m

2. 2 x 2 @ 0.40 m o.c. b.w.=9bf/m
D. plywood ceiling by sheet method (bf/sheet)
@0.60 B.W.
2x2
12bf/sheet
2x3
18bf/sheet
2x4
24bf/sheet
E. T & G flooring / V-cut

1x4
1x6

@0.60 & 0.40

15bf/sheet
22bf/sheet
30bf/sheet

Nos. of
T&G/meter run
12.11 pcs.
7.70 pcs.

13.85
13.20

Unit

Size

@0.40
18 bf
27bf
36 bf

Bf/m

F.
G.
H. C. W. nails
Usage
Floor joist
Flooring
V/H studs
Rafters/Purlins
Trusses
Facia BD
Ceiling joist

Plywood
ceiling
Baseboard
scaffolding

1000
bf
1000
bf
1000
bf
1000
bf
1000
bf
1000
bf
1000
bf
1000
bf
8 pcs.
1000
bf
1000
bf

Required
kilos
10.35
14.34
10.43
18.38
7.93
9.57
16.30
12.93
1.00
6.08
25.00

4
2
2
4
4
2
2
4
1
1
3
4

I.

Bolts
Wooden columns

31

Kind
CWN
f
CWN
CWN
CWN
CWN
CWN
f
f
CWN
CWN
CWN

bolt length L = w + 2(t) 1

Example: L = 4 + 2 (3 ) 1
=4+5
= 9 bolts take note of commercial sizes of lumber
J.

Trusses
L = thickness of lumber in layer + 1

FLOOR JOIST (WASTE FACTOR & BRIDGING CONSIDERED)

Per m method
2 x 6
2 x 8
2 x 10
Girter, corbel; plate by direct count
M. Specialty roofing Verify discount for Archt.
A. SHIN YEE METALGA # 0.40 /GA # 0.50mm
1. length maximum or 60 feet

32

Spacing @ 0.30 O.C.

16.10bf/m
21.33bf/m
26.73bf/m

2. width = 30 (760mm)
3. minimum roof 3%
B. accessories
1. gutter with design 0.50 x 0.914x_______
2. ridge roll 0.40mm x 0.577x________
3. ridge wall flushing 0.40m x 0.577m x 3.30m
4. end flushing
5. End flushing wall
6. counter flushings
7. Counter nails
8. blinds rivets 1/8
9. type 17 self drilling screw no. 12x2 (50mm)
10. tek screw #10x1/8
11. wire basket strainer
12. silicon rubber sealant / acrylic paints
C. for walls spandrel
1. Rib
2. Plain
3. V spandrel
N. Downspouts, catch basins, manholes, septic tank and cistern tank
A. Downspouts
1. 3 or 4 per plan
2. 1/8 x _______PVC bend
3. x_______PVC bend
4. PVC coupling
5. epoxy and PVC cement
B. catch basins/ drainage per plan
1. .4 to 10 concrete pipe x1.00 non-reinforced or reinforced

33

2. perforated PVC pipe for basement walls

3. cement
4. sand
5. gravel
6. steel grating if required angular bars
C. manholes for electrical or plumbing
*Concreting for embedded electrical and PCBG Lines
O. Finishes
A. Walls- exterior and interior
1. plain cement finish
2. tooled finish (plaster)
3. patch on joints
B. synthetic adobe / adobe rubble finish
1. with or without shells
2. with or with out grooves
3. color scheme
C. pebble or boracay washout bohol or ordinary
1. white or ordinary cement
2. size #5, 10, 15
D. anay finish
1. with pebbles
2. fissured finish
E. bricks tiles finish / cal-tiles
F. mactan stone 2x8
G. marble tiles 4x8 / 6x12 etc Bulacan or Romblon
H. wall tiles 4x8
1. colored or white 4 x 4
2. with or without design 6x6 / 8 x 8

34

3. white cement 350 pcs/kilo

4. tile adhesive
I.

marble ashlar finish 2x8

1. flooring per plan
a. plain cement finish or colored red green cement 1:2 5 m / kilo
b. marble tiles
c.

vinyl tiles 1.5mm thick x 1x 1

3.6mm thick x 1x1
Adhesive: gallons per m x 0.042 = gallons

d. stone inlay finish 2 to 3

e. wood parquet per design sanding
f.

mosaic tile 1 x 1

g. narra wood planks 1 x 6 to 8 nailers/insulation/c. winnails

h. floor tiles 4 x 8

class a or class b

6 x 6

colored light or dark

i.

terrazzo finish or marble chips washout

j.

others per design

2. Ceiling Finishes
a. acoustic boards with or without design
aluminum T-runner/if plywood with adhesives
b. 1 x 4 t&g
c.

S-cut or v-cut finish 1x6

d. Acrytex finish
e. Mirror
f.

False beams

3. FLOOR FINISHES verify specs & Plan

4 tiles 86 pcs. Per sq. m
white cement 0.80 kilo/m or 250 pcs. / kilo

35

cement 0.076 bags /m

cement tiles:
Tiles/m
x 6 x 6
45 pcs,
1 x 8 x 8
25 pcs.
1 x 10 x 10
16 pcs.
Vinyl adhesive x gals /m x 0.042 =

Cement
Bag/m
0.3375
0.3400
0.3400

Sand
M/m
0.019
0.019
0.019

Or 200 pcs. Per gallon =

P. Grille works
A.

Fence grilles with or with out design

to square bars or 1 x flat bars

B. gate with mailbox GA # 16 or per design

C. window grilles ordinary or pregnant grilles
D. fire escape ladder
E. air con frames / manhole cover
F. open court grilles flat bars and angular bars
G. stair railings with design
H. cyclone or interlink wire
G.I pipes/ Welding rod
I.

others per plan

brass nosing for stair / screws

Q. Electrical works
Note : if floor plan has no electrical layout

Assumption
Residential
Commercial

Nos. of c.o
0.38/m
0.42/m

36

Nos. of light outlet

0.18/m
0.22/m

Industrial

0.60/m

0.40/m

1. Get total nos. of C.O. outlet x unit cost

2. Get total nos. of ceiling outlet x unit cost
R. Add 30% of 1 & 2 for load center and panel boards
1. Add 40% of 2 for lighting fixtures
2. Add 15% of 1 & 2 for wiring devices
3. add 12% of 1 & 2 for fire alarm
4. add 12% of 1 & 2 for telephone
5. add 10% of 1 & 2 for music and paging system
6. add 8% of 1 to 8 for miscellaneous and contingencies
note: verify MeRalCo / PLDT for tapping
1. Transformer
2. Tel. House cable
3. Single phase or three phase
ELECTRICAL COMPUTATIONS:
SINGLE PHASE
Total load x 80% demand factor = LOAD
FOR 110 / 220V
C.O. x 0.75 A

=__________total amps

Ground Wire size =TOTAL LOAD WIRE

3
or 75% if lights & C.O.
ELECTRICAL LOAD COMPUTATION (STANDARD)

DESCRIPTION

Convenience
Outlets
Lights:
Fluorescent

# OF
WATTS
PER
UNIT

WIRE

SIZE

English
TW #
12
TW #
14

Metric

180watts200watts
20 watts

3.5mm
2.0mm

37

AMPERE
LOAD

20A
15A

Lights
Halogen lights
Incandescent
Track lights
Air con unit
1.0 HP
1.5 HP
2.0 HP
Water heater
SPO
Range outlet

40 watts
100 watts
150 watts
1,980
watts
2,200
watts
2,640
watts
1,000
watts
8,000
watts

TW #
14
TW #
14
TW #
14
TW #
10
TW #
10
TW #
10
TW #
10
TW #
08

2.0mm

15A

2.0mm

15A

2.0mm

15A

5.50mm

30A

5.50mm

30A

5.50mm

30A

5.50mm

30A

8.00mm

40A / 50A

5.50mm

30A

5.50mm

30A

5.50mm

30A

Water pump
HP
1HP
Electric stove
Chandelier
Refrigerator
Freezer
Washing
machine
Dryer
Jacuzzi 1 HP
Water heater
centralized

AWG
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
1

880 watts
1,780
watts
2,000
watts
1,000
watts
320 watts
200 watts

TW #
10
TW #
10
TW #
10

585 watts
3,000
watts
6,000
watts

Ampacity Of Conductors
solid
stranded
mm
TW
THW
IN.
For
stereo
2.0
3.5
5.5
8.0
14.0
22
30
38

Conduit
mm

wire
15
20
30
40
55
70
90
100

15
20
30
45
65
85
110
125

1
1
1
1
38

15
20
20
20
25
32
32
40

0
00
3/0
4/0
250
300
400
500
650
750
1000

50
60
80
100
125
150
200
250
325
400
500

120
135
160
185
210
240
280
315
370
405
445

145
160
195
200
255
280
330
375
435
485
540

2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4

50
50
50
65
65
65
80
90
90
100
100

ELECTRICAL LOAD COMPUTATIONS (RESIDENTIAL)

CKT
NOS.
1
2
3
4
5
6

LIGHTS

OTHER
LOAD

SW

10
9
6

11
9
6
5
11
2

1-SPO

1-SPO

Stove 3
KW
Bell or
buzzer

VOLTS

WATTS

220
220
220
220
220
220

1,000
900
600
1,000
2,200
400

4.54
4.09
2.72
4.54
10.00
1.81

220

3,000

13.63

220

50

0.22

Total

41.55 A

Computations:
TOTAL FLOOR AREA = 135m
135m @ 24 W / SW

3,240 W

Small Appliance load

3,000 W

6,240 W
First 3,000 W @ 100% DF

3,000 W

Renaming 3,240 W @ 35% DF

1,134 W
4,134 W

4,134
220 V

18.79 A

39

AMPS

1 Electric stove 3W
1 Buzzer

13.63
0.22 A
= 32.64 A

IT

Use 2 # 14.0 mm THW wire in 25 mmd RSC 4.55 A / 65 A

Watts = Volts x Ampere

W=EI

Ampere = watts
Volts

I= W
V

1 horsepower = 746 watts

volts = volt
ampere

CARRIER AIR CONDITION

MODEL NOS

BTV/HR

HORSE POWER

WC 90 RCY
WC 120 RCY
WC 120 RCY
WC 150 RCY
WC 180 RCY

9,000
12,000
12,000
15,000
18,000

1 hp
1 hp
1 hp
1 hp
2 hp

Suggested room
space
Up to 18 m
18 to 24 m
18 to 24 m
24 to 30 m
30 to 36 m

Cabinet Dimension H (40mm) x (w) 658 mm

Split type air con /package = 20m / tons
B. Rough- in
1. PVC pipes
a. to 3 SCH. 40 Neltex, Atlanta, super
b. PVC cement
c.

PVC coupling to 3

d. PVC Elbow to 3
2. RSC pipe and fitting per plan/brand Maru ichi ,setsuyo
a. 3/4 to 3 entrance / up to panel verify
b. RSC elbow

40

c.

RSC coupling

d. LB /LR
e. Entrance cup
f.

Locknuts and bushing

3. secondary rack power and telephone

4. Solderless connector
Angle connector
Straight connector
5. RSC conduit clamp
6. metal moulding
7. circular loam to
8. THW, THHN, TW wires solid or stranded

150 LM/roll

9. G.I. k#16 guide wires

10. P.D. jacketed telephone wires #22/3 flat cord
11. BX wire #12/2 / #123/2 / #8/2
12. Intercom wires
13. telephone steel cabinets GA # 16 or GA #18
telephone cable wires for 3 storey building
14. pull box (steel ) per plan
15. wire gutter per plan (distribution panel)
16. utility box local or imprinted, plastic or metal GA #16 -#18
17. junction box 4 x 4
18. 4 11/6 x 4 11/16 square box with and K.O.
19. PVC Tape or rubber tapes
20. Wiring devices
a. Switches National , Veto or Mikosha
Flush mounted
a. One gang switch with cover complete

41

b. Two gang switch with cover complete

c.

Three gang switch with cover complete

d. Three way switch

e. Dimmer switch
b. Convenience outlets ordinary duplex
a. Weather proof outlet
b. Water heater
c.

Floor c. outlet

d. Range outlet
e. Air con outlet
f.
c.

Microwave oven outlet

Door bell and buzzer /chime

d. Telephone outlet cover

e. Blank cover
f.

Fire alarm bell and station

g. Intercom set band- air phone

h. Smoke detectors
i.

Camera monitor

j.

CATV antenna Winegard w/ splitter, booster an accessories

k.

Lighting panel Flush-type or flush mounted enclosure circuit

breaker

l.

plug in or bolt-on

Safety switch

m. Double throw switch emergency generator

n. AVR automatic voltage regulator
o. Emergency lights.
p. Lighting fixtures
Note: most often owner supplied materials installation done
by contractor

42

q. Lighting arrester Verify Brand

S. Plumbing works
A. Cold water consumption
Type of building
Residence average
Residence average
Apartment low rent
Apartment high rent
Hotels
Office buidings

gallons/person/day
50
100
75
100
100
25

MWSS WATER METER TAPPING

Size of

1
1
1

Nos. of units per connection

1-2
3-5
6-9
10-15
16-32

1-2
3-4
5-6
7-11

1-2
3
4

1-2
3
4

1-2
3

B. Rough in
1. PVC pipes and fittings S-40
2. Cast iron pipes and fittings
C. Checklist PVC PIPES OR OTHER TYPES
1. Pipes x 10 length
2. Cast iron x 5 (length)
3. WYE
4. TEE
5. Double TEE
6. bend

43

7. 1/8 bend
8. P-trap with or without clean out hole
9. coupling
10. Double WYE
11. Tap Tee
12. PVC cement
13. Lead sheet
14. Epoxy A and B set
15. PLBG. Oakum
D. Waterlines: Check hot or cold lines
1. GI pipe and fittings local or japan
1. - 12mm
2. - 15mm
3. 1 25mm
4. 1 32mm
2. Fittings
1. GI elbow
2. St. Elbow
3. TEE
4. Union Patente
5. TEE reducer
6. GI bushing
7. GI nipple
3. Water tank fittings per plan
4.

septic tank and cistern tank

V= L x W x H x 264 gals.= Cu. Meter

Septic tank design standard (minimum)
National Plumbing Code

44

Nos. of persons
Inside depth of chamber
Served
Depth
Width
Length
10+5
1.20
1.10
1.80
20
1.20
1.25
2.50
25
1.20
1.40
2.80
30
1.30
1.50
3.00
35
1.30
1.60
3.20
40
1.40
1.65
3.30
45
1.40
1.75
3.50
50
1.50
1.80
3.60
60
1.50
1.95
3.80
70
1.50
2.00
4.00
80
1.60
2.20
4.40
90
1.80
2.30
4.60
100
1.80
2.50
5.00
Note: leaching well is aproximately of volume of digestion chamber
Capacity of cylindrical tanks
Diameter 2 x 0.7854 x length = volume
If cubic feet x 7.4805 = nos. of gallons
1. Cement
2. Sand
3. Gravel
4. Forms
5. 4 tiles (white)

5. Water heater
6. Shower values and heads
1. Single shower valve
2. Three valve diverter
7. Lavatory centerset faucet
8. Kitchen sink faucet
9. hosebibb faucet with or without HB
10. Gate valves
11. Angle valves / check velves
12. Siamese twin (fire hydrant) 3x2 x2

45

2x2x2
13. Fire hose cabinet with F. extinguisher
14. Water meters main, branches
Note verify MWSS tapping of waterline to building
15. Accessories
1. floor drain/ strainer
2. roof drain
3. grease traps
4. drinking fountain and other per plan
5. special equipment
16. PLUMBING FIXTURES Verify Specs
1. waterclosets
2. lavatories
3. bidet
4. urinals
5. kitchen sink
6. bathtub
7. soap holder
8. paperholder
9. toilet
10. dispenser
11. shampoo & tooth brush holder
12. towel bar
13. mirror
14. medicine cbinet
15. curtain rods

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T. Painting works
A. Painting works
1. Masonry Surfaces latex
2. finishes washout and others repellent
3. wood surfaces cabinets/ closets/ceiling/walls
4. wood preserver
5. steel windows/ grilles qde
6. varnish
7. automotive lacquer finish
8. natural oil finish
9. special finishes
1. acre cast
2. spraytex
3. Alladin finish
10. roofing Portland cement paintor Acrylic Paint
B. Overhead/ Contingencies
-

note:
-

contractors tax

insurance

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permits locational clearances

power and water for construction

barangay clearance

Updated Jan 12, 2006 FOR RESEARCH & IMPROVEMENTS

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