Practice Problems 5

Thermodynamics & Statistical mechanics

1. 10 Kg of water at 20 C is converted into ice at 10 C by being put in contact with a reservoir at 10 C. This process
takes place at constant pressure and the heat capacities at constant pressure of water and ice are 4180 and 2090 J/Kg
deg respectively. The heat of fusion of ice is 3.34 105 J/Kg. Calculate the change in entropy of the universe.
2. The heat of melting of ice at 1 atm pressure and 0 C is 1.4363 kcal/mol. The density of ice under these conditions is
0.917 g/cm3 and the density of water is 0.9998 g/cm3 . If 1 mole of ice is melted under these conditions what will be
(a) The work done ?
(b) The change in internal energy ?
(c) The change in entropy ?
3. Liquid helium4 has a normal boiling point of 4.2 K. However, at a pressure of 1 mm of mercury, it boils at 1.2 K.
Estimate the average latent heat of vaporization of helium in this temperature range.
4. The molar specific heat at constant volume of a monatomic ideal gas is known to be 3/2R. Suppose that one mole of
such a gas is subjected to a cyclic quasi-static process which appears as a circle on the diagram of pressure P versus
volume V shown in the figure. Find the following quantities:
(a) The net work (in joules) done by the gas in one cycle.
(b) The internal energy difference (in joules) of the gas between state C and state A.
(c) The heat absorbed by the gas in going from A to C via the path ABC of the cycle.

5. Calculate under what pressure ice freezes at 272 K if the change in specific volume when 1Kg of water freezes is
91 106 m3 . Given latent heat of ice = 3.36 105 J/Kg.
Answers:
1. 727 J/K
2. (a) 0.034 cal
(b) 1.4363 103 cal
(c) 1.4363 103 cal
3. 93 J/mol
4. (a) 314 J
(b) 600 J
(c) 1157 J
5. 136.2 atm