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Pondicherry-605 005.
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High Efficiency Bi-Directional Converter for

Flywheel Energy Storage Application
Introduction:
A Bi-directional converter is an essential part of applications
where energy storage devices are used. Such applications include FES
systems, transportation, battery less UPS, pulse power sources etc. This
paper focuses on one such application where flywheel is used as the
energy storage device. The flywheel is coupled with the rotor of an
electrical machine. The electrical machine used in this case is a
Brushless DC (BLDC) machine. The BLDC machine coupled to a
flywheel is hereafter called as FES machine. This machine draws the
power from dc bus and accelerates the flywheel in motoring mode to
store the energy; the BDC acts as a voltage buck converter (buck mode).
The same machine discharges the flywheel in generation mode to return
back the energy to the dc bus; the BDC acts as a voltage boost converter
(boost mode).

Existing system:
Extensive research work has been carried out in the past three
decades on ZCT, ZVT, ZCS and ZVS schemes. Various topologies and
configurations have been proposed to reduce switching losses. Out of
these topologies some use ZCS and/or ZVS, while the others use low
voltage turn on. Topologies proposed further use snubber assisted turn
off of the switching device, which helps in loss reduction but does not
eliminate the losses completely. Major challenges of low cost, high
efficiency dc-dc converters are introduced. A new topology gives an
excellent comparison of the various ZCT schemes. Some schemes
proposed in the previously reported work, have zero voltage turn on
Copyright 2016LeMenizInfotech. All rights reserved

LeMenizInfotech
36, 100 Feet Road, Natesan Nagar, Near Indira Gandhi Statue,
Pondicherry-605 005.
Call: 0413-4205444, +91 9566355386, 99625 88976.
Web :www.lemenizinfotech.com/ www.ieeemaster.com
Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com

The Master of IEEE Projects

and/or low current turn off while some others have low voltage turn on
and/or zero current turn off. In the past, researchers have worked on a
variety of topologies and control logic to achieve this. Low current turn
off is generally implemented by connecting snubber capacitors parallel
to the switch.

Drawbacks:

Switching device is subjected to high dynamic stress.

When an IGBT is used as a switching device, this capacitor value
should be large enough to take care of the tail current of the device,
which demands large initial inductor current to discharge making
the snubber related circuits bulky and the snubber losses high.

Proposed system:
A new ZSPL BDC topology is proposed that renders improved
efficiency. In this topology the devices used are IGBTs as main devices
for carrying the load current and SCRs as auxiliary devices.
Bidirectional converters which are used in energy storage systems are
basically DCDC converters and may be isolated or non isolated type. A
typical BDC consists of two switches. While one switch is used for
stepping down the voltage and making the power flow from the dc bus
to FES machine, the other switch is used for boosting the voltage
making the power flow from FES machine to the dc bus.

Copyright 2016LeMenizInfotech. All rights reserved

LeMenizInfotech
36, 100 Feet Road, Natesan Nagar, Near Indira Gandhi Statue,
Pondicherry-605 005.
Call: 0413-4205444, +91 9566355386, 99625 88976.
Web :www.lemenizinfotech.com/ www.ieeemaster.com

The Master of IEEE Projects

Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com

Advantages:

Improved efficiency and reduced EMI problems.

Reducing the power loss and cost of the auxiliary device.
Makes the triggering circuit simple.

Applications:

Transportation.
Battery less UPS.
Flywheel Energy Storage (FES) systems.

Copyright 2016LeMenizInfotech. All rights reserved

LeMenizInfotech
36, 100 Feet Road, Natesan Nagar, Near Indira Gandhi Statue,
Pondicherry-605 005.
Call: 0413-4205444, +91 9566355386, 99625 88976.
Web :www.lemenizinfotech.com/ www.ieeemaster.com
Mail : projects@lemenizinfotech.com

The Master of IEEE Projects

Block diagram:
AC
Supply

Rectifier

Filter

Bi-Directional
Converter with
Resonant Tank

12V DC

Isolation Circuit

Buffer Circuit
5V DC
Microcontroller
Circuit

Copyright 2016LeMenizInfotech. All rights reserved

Battery