Ultracapacitor-Battery Hybrid Energy Storage System Based On The Asymmetric Bidirectional Z-Source Topology For EV

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Ultracapacitor-Battery Hybrid Energy

Storage System Based on the Asymmetric
Bidirectional Z-Source Topology for EV
Introduction:
Hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is an attractive solution for
electric vehicle (EV) energy storage system (ESS). Compared with the
battery-based ESS, a high rate and efficient charge/discharge capability
can be achieved under the accelerating, climbing and braking conditions.
Ultracapacitor (UC) is widely presented in the HESS researches because
of its high power density and long life span with over one million cycles.
By combining UCs and batteries in an HESS, the overall performance
can be enhanced in power density and dynamic response. The simplest
HESS structure is to parallel UCs and batteries together, which is
classified as passive HESS. The major problem associated with it is the
shortage in the utilization of the UC energy because the voltage range is
limited by the batteries. With power electronics converters, the voltages
can be distinct in UCs and battery, thereby forming the independently
managed internal power flows.
Generally, three concerns should be taken into account in an active
HESS design. The first is the energy utilization of UCs. The energy
which the UCs can provide is related with its voltage working range.
The converter needs to provide enough boost ration to exploit the entire
working range of the UC. The second is the limitation with power
electronics converter. Power loss, volume, and cost problem caused by
extra dcdc converters impede its implementation in vehicle application.
Finally, the low battery package voltage requirement for vehicle
application should be considered. To summarize, the tradeoff between
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the cost of power electronics and the performance of the HESS is the
main topic in most HESS researches.
Existing system:
The inverter works as the interface between the HESS and the
electric motor. One solution for the tradeoff mentioned above is by
merging the active HESS with the inverter. In recent researches, the
impedance-source-network-based power converters provide efficient
methods of buck/boost power conversion between sources and loads.
Among them, the Z-source converter has been considered as an
attractive case for the vehicle application. First, it has the same features
of a dcdc boosted inverter with single stage as being less complicated
and more cost-effective. Second, its reliability is enhanced as the
momentary shoot-through (ST) in phase can no longer damage the
inverter. Finally, the ST duty cycle and modulation index enable the
system to control the motor, regulate battery and UC power distribution
simultaneously. Additionally, the ST vectors in Z-source provide
approaches for the realization of sensorless motor driver. The ST
strategy with the leg numbers could optimize the switching loss and
conduction loss according to different phase current values.
Proposed system:
This paper proposes an ultracapacitor (UC)-battery hybrid energy
storage system (HESS) for electric vehicle based on asymmetric
bidirectional Z-source topology. Compared with the conventional twostage design, the HESS can be incorporated into the traction inverter
system, leading to better performance and lower cost. The UC energy
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can be effectively utilized due to the buck/boost characteristic in the Zsource converter; meanwhile, the battery converter gets eliminated in
this case.
Applications:
Electric vehicle (EV).
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Block diagram:
Asymmetrical
Bidirectional Z-Source
Converter
Storage
Supply
Battery
Supply
12V DC
Three Phase
Inverter
Driver Circuit
Buffer Circuit
5V DC
Micro Controller
Circuit
Load

Ultracapacitor-Battery Hybrid Energy Storage System Based On The Asymmetric Bidirectional Z-Source Topology For EV

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