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1.small weight
2.high specific strength
3.heat resistance
4.fatigue load resistance
5.crack resistance
6.corrosion resistance
Aluminium was widely used in subsonic aircraft. Aerotechnics of supersonic
speeds faced with elevated temperatures of the aircraft skin for which aluminium
can not be applied due to low heat resistance. Structural materials reliably
operating in complicated combination of force and temperature fields under the
influence of corrosive media, radiation and high pressures were required.
Titanium and its alloys meet this requirement.
Currently a greater amount of titanium is incorporated in to aircraft. This is
connected with the fact that the share of the composite materials with which
aluminium intensively interacts and corrodes in the new airplanes is being
increased. Titanium is not subjected to these processes and results in increasing
the life of components.
Three major trends of titanium application for aircraft building:
1.fabrication of items of complex space configuration:
- hatch and door edging where moisture is likely to be accumulated (high
corrosion resistance of titanium is used)
- skins which are affected by engine combustion product flow, flame preventing
fire safety-proof membranes (high temperature of melting and chemical
inactivity of titanium is used)
- thin-walled lead pipes of air system (minimum thermal titanium extension ratio
compared to all other metals is used)
- floor decking of the cargo cabin (high strength and hardness is used)
2.fabrication of designated high-loaded assemblies and units
- landing gear
- fastening elements (brackets) of the wing
- hydrocylinders
3.engine part manufacture
The following is manufactured from titanium alloys for aircraft applications:
Ailerons, panel and swivel wing assemblies, spar walls, panels, brackets, steering
wheels, wedge meshes, air intake ducts, lead pipes, frames, leading edge flaps
and flaps, hydraulic systems, fasteners and a number of other parts.
high directional stability. Among the advantages of aluminium alloys (2219 and
others) is their operationability under cryogenic temperatures in contact with
liquid oxygen, hydrogen and helium. These alloys are capable of the so-called
cryogenic hardening, i.e. strength and ductility increase simultaneously with the
decrease of temperature.
1460 alloy pertains to Al-Cu-Li system and is most promising for design and
manufacture of tank structures with regard to cryogenic type of fuel compressed oxygen, hydrogen or natural gas.