Giáo án tham khảo Hoá 12 (hoá hữu cơ) NC

Ngy son:25-08-2008.
N TP U NM.
Tit 1.
A. Mc tiu bi hc
1. Kin thc: n tp, cng c, h thng ho kin thc cc chng v ho hc hu c: i cng
ho hc hu c, hirocacbon, dn xut halogen, ancol, phenol, anehit, xeton,
axit cacboxilic .
2. K nng: Rn k nng vn dng kin thc, h thng kin thc.
B. Chun b
1. Gio vin : Gio n.
2. Hc sinh : n tp li cc kin thc nu trn.
C. Phng php : Tho lun, hot ng nhm.
D. Tin trnh ln lp.
I. Kim tra s s, n nh lp.
II. Bi mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Dn ghi bng.
I.
i
cng
ho
hc
hu c.
Hot ng 1.
GV : Yu cu HS tho lun, nu cc ni dung quan
trng trong chng trnh ho hc hu c lp
11 phn i cng ho hc hu c.
HS : Tho lun, nu cc ni dung quan trng trong
chng trnh ho hc hu c lp 11, phn i
cng ho hc hu c.
GV : H thng li cc kin thc theo trnh t logic.
1. Lp CTPT cc hp cht hu c.
2. Cu to hp cht hu c.
3. Phn loi hp cht hu c.
II. Cc hirocacbon.
Hirocacbon Cu to
GV : Yu cu HS nh li kin thc, tho lun, hon 1. Ankan
thnh bng tm tt v cc hirocacbon.
2. Xicloankan.
HS : Nh li kin thc, tho lun, hon thnh bng
3. Anken.
tm tt v cc hirocacbon.
4. Ankaien.
5. Ankin.
6. Aren.
Hot ng 2.
Hot ng 3.
GV : Yu cu HS nh li kin thc, tho lun, hon
thnh bng tm tt v cc dn xut ca
hirocacbon hc.
HS : Nh li kin thc, tho lun, hon thnh bng
tm tt v cc hirocacbon.
Hot ng 4.
GV : Nu cc bi tp, yu cu HS tho lun, lm
bi.
HS : Tho lun, lm bi.
GV : Yu cu HS trnh by bi ln bng.
HS : Trnh by bi.
GV : Yu cu HS nhn xt, b sung.
HS : Nhn xt, b sung.
GV : Kt lun, chnh sa.
Tnh cht ho hc.
III. Mt s dn xut ca Hirocacbon.

Loi dn xut
Cu to Tnh cht ho hc
1. Dx halogen.
2. Ancol.
3. Phenol.
4. Anehit.
5. Xeton.
6. Axit cacboxylic.
IV. Mt s bi tp.
Bi 1. t chy hon ton 7,2g cht X, c 11,2l CO2
(ktc) v 10,8g H2O. Lp CTPT, vit CTCT v tn gi
ca X bit khi X p vi Cl2 vi t l mol 1 :1 ch to
mt dn xut monoclo.
Bi 2. Cho 4,6g ancol Y n chc tc dng vi Na d
thu c 1,12l H2 (ktc).
1. Lp CTPT, vit CTCT v tn gi Y.
2. Hon thnh s sau.
C2H6 X1 X2 Y H3C- CHO H3C- COOH.
Bi 3. Bng phng php ho hc, phn bit cc cht

ring bit sau :
a, C2H6 , C2H4 , C2H2 .
b, C6H6 , C6H5- CH3 , C6H5-CH=CH2 .
c, C2H5OH, H3C- CHO, H3C- COOH, HCOOH,
H2C=CH-COOH, C3H5(OH)3.
Bi 4. Bng phng php ho hc, tch ring tng cht
sau ra khi hn hp :
a, C2H6 , C2H4 , C2H2 .
b, C2H5OH, H3C- CHO, H3C- COOH.
III. Cung co.

Gio vin nhc li cc kin thc v k nng quan trng, khi qut ho dng bi, cch gii.
IV. Hng dn v nh
1. n tp, hon thnh bi tp.
2. Chun b bi sau : ESTE : - n li phn ancol, axit cacboxylic.
- Nghin cu trc ni dung bi hc.
V. Nhn xt, nh gi gi hc.
*************************************************************************
Chng 1.
Ngay soan: 26-08-2008.
Tiet 2.
Bi 1.
Este- Lipit.
ESTE
A. Muc tieu bai hoc:

1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Khai niem, cau tao cua, danh phap cua este.
- Tnh chat vat l cua este
- Tnh chat hoa hoc cua este : phan ng nhom chc.
2. K nang: Ren k nang nghien cu va van dung kien thc, k nang hoat ong nhom.
B. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an + Th nghiem thuy phan este.
2. HS : - n li phn ancol, axit cacboxylic.
- Nghin cu trc ni dung bi hc.
C. Phng phap chu yeu : Nghien cu, thao luan nhom.
D. Tien trnh len lp.
I. Kiem tra s so, on nh lp.
II. Bai mi : GV at van e vao bai t noi dung cua chng, t muc tieu bai hoc.
Hoat ong thay tro
Noi dung bai hoc
I. KHAI NIEM ESTE VA DAN XUAT KHAC CUA
Hoat ong 1
GV: Yeu cau Hs viet ptp este hoa gia R-COOH vi AXIT CACBOXYLIC.
1. Cau tao phan t.
R-OH.
+ Thay nhom OH nhom COOH cua axit
HS: Viet ptp
H2SO4,t0
cacboxylic bang OR este.
R-COOH + HO-R
R-COO-R + H2O.
+ CTCT: R C O R' => Este la dan xuat
GV: Neu s phan cat lien ket trong phan ng, dan dat
cua axit cacboxylic
O
en khai niem este. Yeu cau HS neu khai niem.
+ Mot so dan xuat khac cua axit cacboxylic:
HS: Neu khai niem.
R C O C R R C NR'2
R C X
GV: Neu mot so dan xuat khac cua axit cacboxylic
O
Halogenua axit
Hoat ong 2
GV: Neu qui tac goi ten cac este, yeu cau HS ap dung
goi ten cac este cu the.
HS: Goi ten cac este.
Hoat ong 3
GV: Yeu cau HS nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu tnh
chat vat l cua este.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu tnh chat vat l
cua este.
GV: Lien he thc te.
Anhirit axit
Amit
2. Cach goi ten.

Ten este: Ten goc R+ Ten goc RCOOH
HCOOCH3 :
metyl fomat
C2H3COOCH3 : metyl acrylat
C2H5COOCH3 : etyl propionat
3. Tnh chat vat l.
- Gia cac phan t este khong co lien ket hiro v
the este co nhiet o soi thap hn so vi axit va
ancol co cung so nguyen t C.
- Cac etse thng la nhng chat long, nhe hn
nc, rat t tan trong nc, co kha nang hoa tan
c nhieu chat hu c khac nhau
III. TNH CHAT HOA HOC
Hoat ong 4
1. Phan ng nhom chc.
GV: Thc hien th nghiem thuy phan etyl axetat. Yeu

cau HS quan sat, neu hien tng, viet ptp.
HS: Quan sat, neu hien tng TN, viet ptp vi
etyl axetat.
GV: Giai thch s khac biet hien tng quan sat c.
Yeu cau HS hnh thanh pt phan ng thuy phan
dang tong quat.
Hoat ong 5
GV: Yeu cau HS neu pp chung ieu che este, viet ptp
tong quat.
HS: Viet ptp dang tong quat.
GV: Neu chu vi 1 so este rieng.
1.1. Phan ng thuy phan.

a. Trong moi trng axit :
RCOOR + H2O
H2SO4,t0
RCOOH + ROH
Phan ng thuan nghch (hai chieu)

b. Trong moi trng kiem.
t0
RCOOR + NaOH
RCOONa + ROH
P xay ra mot chieu, la p xa phong hoa
1.2. Phan ng kh.
Este co the b kh bi LiAlH4
R C O R' LiAlH4
R-CH2-OH + R-OH
O
III. Cng c.
Nhan manh kien thc trong tam, yeu cau HS van dung lam bai:
Bai 1: ot 8,8geste n chc X 8,96l CO2 (ktc) va 7,2g H2O. Lap CTPT, viet CTCT va ten goi cua X
biet t khoi hi cua X so vi H2 la 44.
Bai 2. Xa phong hoa hoan toan 14,8g este Y n chc bang 200 ml dd NaOH 1M va u thu c 13,6g
muoi cua axit cacboxylic. Lap CTPT, viet CTCT va ten goi cua Y.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoc bai, lam bai tap SBT.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Phan con lai cua bai.
V. anh gia, nhan xet gi hoc.
************************
Ngay soan : 27-08-2008.

Tiet 3.
Bai 1. ESTE.
A. Muc tieu bai hoc:

1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Tnh chat hoa hoc cua este : phan ng goc hirocacbon.
- ieu che va ng dung cac este.
2. K nang: Ren k nang nghien cu va van dung kien thc, k nang hoat ong nhom.
B. Phng phap chu yeu : Nghien cu, thao luan nhom.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an
2. HS : Nghin cu trc ni dung bi hc.
II. Kiem tra bai cu .
1. Viet CTCT va ten goi cua Este co CTPT la C5H10O2.
2. Viet ptpw cua Metylaxetat, Etylacrylat, Phenylaxetat vi dd NaOH un nong, dd H2SO4 un nong.
III. Bai mi : GV at van e vao bai t noi dung cua chng, t muc tieu bai hoc.
Hoat ong thay tro
Noi dung bai hoc
II. TNH CHAT HOA HOC
2. Phan ng goc hirocacbon.
Hoat ong 1
GV: Neu cac p co the co goc hirocacbon. Hng
a. P cong vao goc hirocacbon khong no.

CH3[CH2]7CH = CH[CH2]7COOCH3 + H2
en 2 p quan trong la p cong va p trung hp. Yeu

cau Hs viet ptp.
HS : Viet ptp.
Ni ,t
CH3[CH2]16COOCH3
b. Phan ng trung hp.
n CH2 = CH - C - O - CH3
t0, xt
O
Hoat ong 2
GV: Yeu cau HS nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu
cach ieu che, viet cac ptp..
HS: HS nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu cach ieu
che, viet cac ptp..
Hoat ong 3
GV: Yeu cau HS nghien cu SGK, lien he thc te,
neu cac ng dung cua este.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, lien he thc te, neu cac ng
dung cua este.
( CH - CH2 ) n
COOCH3
III. ieu che va ng dung.
1. ieu che.
a. Este cua ancol.
Dung p este hoa:
H SO ,t0
R-COOH + HO-R 2 4
R-COO-R + H2O.
b. Este cua Phenol.
Dung anhiric axit hoac clorua axit tac dung vi
phenol. Th du :
C6H5 OH + (CH3CO)2O
CH3COOC6H5
+ CH3COOH
2. ng dung.
- Lam dung moi
- Dung trong cong nghiep thc pham.
- Dung trong san xuat hoa m pham
- Dung trong san xuat chat deo.
III. Cng c.
Nhan manh kien thc trong tam, yeu cau HS van dung lam bai:
Bai 1: ot 8,8geste n chc X 8,96l CO2 (ktc) va 7,2g H2O. Lap CTPT, viet CTCT va ten goi cua X
biet t khoi hi cua X so vi H2 la 44.
Bai 2. Xa phong hoa hoan toan 14,8g este Y n chc bang 200 ml dd NaOH 1M va u thu c 13,6g
muoi cua axit cacboxylic. Lap CTPT, viet CTCT va ten goi cua Y.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
4. Chuan b bai sau: Phan con lai cua bai.
V. anh gia, nhan xet gi hoc.
************************
Ngay soan: 28-08-2008.
Tiet 4.
Bai 2. LIPIT
A. Mc tiu.
1/ Kin thc: Hs bit: - Khi nim, cac loi lipit, trang thai t nhien cua lipit.
- Cu to v tnh cht ca cht bo.
- S dng cht bo mt cch hp l.
2/ K nng : Ren k nang nghien cu va van dung kien thc, k nang hoat ong nhom.
B. Phng phap chu yeu : Nghien cu, thao luan nhom.
C. Chun b:
1. Giao vien : Giao an + Th nghiem xa phong hoa chat beo.
2. Hoc sinh : Mu cht bo, sp ong.
D. Tin trnh ln lp:
II. Kiem tra bi c :

Neu tnh chat hoa hoc cua este, viet ptp minh hoa.
III. Bi mi
Hoat ong cua thay va tro
Noi dung bai hoc
I- KHAI NIEM, PHAN LOAI VA TRANG THAI T NHIEN
Hoat ong 1
1. Khai niem va phan loai
GV: Yeu cau Hs nghien cu SGK, thao luan,
- Lipit la nhng hp chat hu c co trong te bao song,
neu
khong hoa tan trong nc nhng tan trong nhieu dung
khai niem va cac loai lipit.
moi hu c khong phan cc
HS: nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu khai niem
- Lipit la nhng este phc tap, gom cac loai: chat beo,
va cac loai lipit.
sap, steroit, photpholipit...
- Chat beo la trieste cua glixerol vi cac axit
GV: Cho Hs biet ch nghien cu chat beo.
Yeu cau Hs nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu khai monocacboxylic co so chan nguyen t cacbon (khoang
t 12C en 14C) khong phan nhanh (axit beo), goi
niem chat beo. T o, hng dan Hs viet CTCT
chung la triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol. Chat beo co
chat beo dang tong quat
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu khai niem cong thc chung la :
viet CTCT chung cua chat beo.

GV: Neu mot so axit beo thng gap. Yeu cau
Hs viet cac chat beo tao ra t glixerol vi cac
axit beo
C17H35COOH : axit stearic
C17H33COOH : axit oleic (cis)
C15H31COOH : axit panmitic
C17H31COOH : axit linoleic
HS: Viet cac chat beo tao ra t glixerol vi cac
axit beo tren.
Hoat ong 2
lien he thc te, neu trang thai thien nhien cua
lipit.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, lien he thc te,
neu trang thai thien nhien cua lipit.
Hoat ong 3
lien he thc te, quan sat mau chat beo, neu tnh
chat vat l cua chat beo.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, lien he thc te,
quan sat mau chat beo, neu tnh chat vat l cua
chat beo.
GV: Chu y trang thai ran hay long cua chat beo
co lien quan en cau tao no hay khong no cua
goc axit beo.
Hoat ong 4
GV: Yeu cau Hs d oan tnh chat cua chat beo
da vao CTCT.
COO
R'
COO CH
CH 2
R'' COO CH 2
R, R, R la cac goc cua cac

axit beo co the giong hoac
khac nhau.
2. Trang thai t nhien

- Chat beo la thanh phan chnh cua dau m ong,
thc vat.
- Sap ien hnh la sap ong.
- Steroit va photpholipit co trong c the sinh vat .
II. TNH CHAT CUA CHAT BEO
1. Tnh chat vat l

Chat beo the long (dau thc vat) hoac ran (m ong
vat), nhe hn nc, khong tan trong nc, tan nhieu
trong nhieu dm hu c.
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc.

a. Phan ng thuy phan trong moi trng axit:
R COO CH 2
H+, t0
RCOOH +
+ 3H2O
RCOOH +
R' COO CH
RCOOH +
R'' COO CH 2
HS : D oan tnh chat cua chat beo da vao

CTCT.
GV : Yeu cau Hs neu cac phan ng, viet ptp
minh hoa.
HS: Neu cac phan ng, viet ptp minh hoa.
GV: Lam ths nghiem minh hoa phan ng thuy
phan trong moi trng axit, trong moi trng
kiem. Yeu cau Hs quan sat, neu va giai thch
hien tng.
HS: Quan sat, neu va giai thch hien tng.
GV : Hng dan Hs hnh thanh pt phan ng thuy
phan dang tong quat.
GV : Neu p oxi hoa chat beo, giai thch hien

tng m oi.
Hoat ong 5
GV : Neu vai tro cua chat beo trong c the, t
o, yeu cau Hs biet c khong nen dung qua
nhieu chat beo e tranh beo ph va cac benh
khac co lien quan.
C3H5(OH)3 .
La p thuan nghch.
b. Phan ng xa phong hoa(mt baz) :

C3H5(OH)3 +
R COO CH 2
to
RCOONa +
R' COO CH
+ 3NaOH
RCOONa + Xa
R'' COO CH 2
RCOONa phong
La p 1 chieu, p xa phong hoa.
c. Phan ng hiro hoa chat beo long
C17H33
COO
C17H33
COO CH
C17H 33
COO CH2
CH2
+ 3 H2 Ni, t
C17H 35
COO
C17H 35
COO CH
C17H 35
COO CH 2
CH 2
triolein (long)
tristearin (ran)
d. Phan ng oxi hoa.
Noi oi C = C goc axi khong no cua chat beo b oxi
hoa cham bi oxi khong kh tao thanh peoxit => m oi.
III - VAI TRO CUA CHAT BEO
1. Vai tro cua chat beo trong c the

+ Chat beo Glixerol + Axit beo Chat beo Tb
CO2 + H2O + nang lng. Phan chat beo tha c tch
luy vao cac mo m.
+ Chat beo con co tac dung bao am s van chuyen va hap
thu cac chat hoa tan c trong no.
2. ng dung trong cong nghiep.

- ieu che xa phong, glixerol va che bien thc pham.
- Mot so dau thc vat lam nhien lieu cho ong c
iezen.
Hoat ong 6
lien he thc te, neu ng dung cua chat beo trong
CN.
HS : Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, lien he thc te,
neu ng dung cua chat beo trong CN.
IV. Cung co bai :
1. Nhan manh kthc trong tam, lien he thc te.
2. Yeu cau Hs van dung kien thc lam bai tap SGK trang 12.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoc ba, lam bai tap SBT.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Chat giat ra.
VI. Nhan xet, anh gia gi hoc.
*****************
Ngy son: 29-08-2008.

Tit 5.
Bi 3.
CHT GIT RA.
A. Mc tiu.
1. Kin thc: Hs bit: - Khi nim v tnh cht ca cht git ra.
- Khi nim, thnh phn chnh ca x phng v ca cht git ra tng hp
- Phng php sn xut x phng, cht git ra tng hp
2. K nng: Rn k nng nghin cu v vn dng kin thc, k nng lm vic theo nhm.
B. Phng php ch yu: Nghin cu v tho lun.
C. Chun b:
1. GV: Gio n, mau xa phong, mau bot giat tong hp.
2. HS: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc.
D. Tin trnh ln lp:
I. Kim tra s s, n nh lp.
II. Bi mi
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung bi hc.
I. Khi nim v tnh cht ca cht git ra.
Hot ng 1:
1. Khi nim cht git ra.
GV: Nu khi nim cht git ra, cc loi
+ Cht git ra
cht git ra.
+ Cc loi: - Cht git ra trong t nhin.
- X phng
- Cht git ra tng hp
Hot ng 2:
2. Tnh cht git ra.
GV: Yu cu HS nghin cu SGK rt ra a. Mt s khi nim lin quan.
cc khi nim v cho VD tng ng:
- Cht ty mu: lm sch cc vt mu bn nh nhng
Cht ty mu, cht a nc, cht k nc
phn ng ho hc.
HS: Nghin cu SGK rt ra cc khi
- Cht a nc: l nhng cht tan tt trong nc.
nim v cho VD tng ng
- Cht k nc: l nhng cht hu nh khng tan trong
GV: B sung cho hon chnh v ch cho nc.
HS dung mi tan tt ca cht k nc v
Ch : Cht k nc th tan tt trong du m, cht a
cht a nc.
nc th khng tan trong du m.
Hot ng 3:
GV: Yu cu Hs nghin cu SGK rt ra
cu trc phn t.
HS: nghin cu SGK rt ra cu trc
phn t, nu cu trc phn t.
Hot ng 4:
GV: cho Hs nghin cu SGK tm hiu c
ch hot ng ca cht git ra.
HS: Nghin cu SGK tm hiu c ch hot
ng ca cht git ra.
Hot ng 5:
GV: Cho HS lm vic theo nhm, tng
nhm bo co rt ra phng php sn
xut x phng.
HS: Lm vic theo nhm, tng nhm bo
b. c im cu trc phn t mui natri ca axit

bo.
Cu to phn t mui natri ca axit bo gm:
+ Mt u a nc l nh m COO- Na+.
+ Mt ui k nc , nhm CxHy
c. C ch hot ng ca cht git ra.
- ui a du m CxHy thm nhp vo vt du bn,
cn nhm COONa a nc li c xu hng ko ra
pha cc phn t nc => Vt du b phn chia thnh
cc ht rt nh gi cht bi cc phn t cht git ra,
ri b ra tri.
II. X phng.
1. Sn xut x phng.
* Phng php thng thng: T cht bo.
- un du thc vt, m ng vt vi dd kim to
cao, p cao p xy ra hon ton.
(RCOO)3 + 3NaOH 3RCOONa + C3H5(OH)3
co rt ra phng php sn xut x

phng.
- Thm NaCl vo hh tch mui ra khi hh. trn

mui thu c vi cht ph gia ri p thnh bnh
* Phng php khc: T du m.
ParafinAxit caboxylic Mui natri ca axit
cacboxylic.
R - CH2 - CH2 - R R - COOH + R- COOH
R - COONa + R- COONa
Hot ng 6:
GV: Nu thnh phn chnh ca x phng,
cch s dng, u v nhc im ca x
phng
Hot ng 7:
GV: Yu cu HS nghin cu SGK v tr
li cu hi:
- Cht git ra tng hp c iu ch t
u? Chng c tnh cht nh th no?
- Ti sao cn sn xut cht git ra tng
hp
HS: Nghin cu SGK v tr li cu hi.
GV: Kt lun.
2. Thnh phn ca x phng v s dng x phng.

-Thnh phn chnh ca x phng l cc mui
natri (hoc kali) ca axit bo, thng l natri
stearat (C17H35COONa), natri panmitat
(C15H31COONa), natri oleat (C17H33COONa)
Ph gia: cht mu, cht thm.
- S dng: tm gi, git gi
- u im: khng gy hi cho da, mi trng.
- Nhc im: khi dng vi nc cng (cha nhiu
ion Ca2+, Mg2+) th cc mui canxi stearat, canxi
panmitats kt ta lm gim tc dng git ra, nh
hng ncht lng si vi.
III. Cht git ra tng hp.
1. Sn xut cht git ra tng hp.
- Ngi ta tng hp nhiu cht c tnh cht git ra
tng t x phng, gi l cht git ra tng hp:
CH3[CH2]10 - CH2 - O - SO3-Na+
Natri lauryl sunfat
CH3[CH2]10 - CH2 - C6H4 - O - SO3-Na+
Natri oecylbenzensunfonat
- iu ch t cc sn phm ca du m:
ParafinAxit caboxylic
H2SO4
kh
R - COOH
R - CH2OH
R-CH2OSO3H
NaOH
R - CH2OSO3-Na+ (Ankyl sunfat)
2. Thnh phn v s dng cc ch phm t cht

git ra tng hp.
Hot ng 8:
+ Thnh phn: - Cht git ra tng hp
GV: Yu cu HS nghin cu SGK v cho
- Cht thm
bit thnh phn, u v nhc im ca cht
- Cht mu
git ra tng hp .
- Cht ty trng: NaClO
HS: Nghin cu SGK v cho bit thnh
+ u im: Dng c vi nc cng
phn, u v nhc im ca cht git ra
+
Nhc im: Kh phn hu gy nhiim mi
tng hp .
trng. Cht ty trng NaClO c hi cho da.
III. Cng c:
Nhn mnh kin thc bi hc, yu cu HS vn dng lm bi tp SGK trang 18.
IV. Hng dn v nh :
1. H c bi, lm bi tp SBT.
2. Chun b bi sau: Luyn tp mi lin h gia hirocacbon v mt s dn xut ca hi rocacbon
V. Nhn xt, nh gi gi hc .
**************************
Ngay soan: 03-09-2008

Tiet 6.
Bai 4: LUYEN TAP
MOI LIEN HE GIA HIROCACBON VA MOT SO DAN XUAT CUA HIROCACBON

A. Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: Hs biet cach chuyen hoa gia cac loai hydrocacbon va cac dan xuat cua hydrocacbon
2. K nang: Ren k nang van dung kien thc, k nang hoat ong nhom.
B. Phng phap chu yeu: Trao oi, thao luan nhom.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an, S do cam chuyen hoa gia cac loai hydrocacbon va cac dan xuat cua hydrocacbon
2. HS: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai. On tap lai ieu che cac loai chat hu c a hoc.
D. Tien trnh len lp:
II. Bai mi
Noi dung bai hoc
GV cung vi Hs xay dng s o

chuyen hoa gia cac
hirocacbon, dan xuat cua cac
hirocacbon.
Chu y yeu cau Hs neu cac
chuyen hoa trong s o bang
phan ng nao.
I- MOI LIEN HE GIA CAC HIROCACBON
1. Chuyen hirocacbon no thanh khong no va thm

a. Phng pha0 p ehiro hoa -H
-H2
2
xt, t
CnH2n 6 -4H2
CnH2n + 2 xt, t0
CnH2n
CnH2n - 2
xt, t0
b. Phng phap cracking
CnH2n + 2 xt, t0
CxH2x + 2 + CyH2y
( x + y = n)
2. Chuyen hirocacbon khong no va thm thanh no
a. Phng phap hiro hoa khong hoan toan
+H2
R C C R
R H C = CH R
Pd/PbCO3, t0
+H2
RCH2CH2R
Ni, t0
b. Phng phap hiro hoa hoan toan
Ni ,t 0
CnH2(n - x) + (x + 1) H2
CxH2x + 2 ( x = 1, 2)
0
Ni ,t
CnH2n 6 + 3H2
CnH2n
aren
xicloankan
II- MOI LIEN HE GIA HIROCACBON VA DAN XUAT CHA

OXI CUA HIROCACBON
1. Chuyen hirocacbon trc tiep thanh dan xuat cha oxi

a. Oxi hoa hirocacbon ieu kien thch hp:
Oxi hoa ankan, anken, aren nhiet o cao vi xuc tac thch
hp thu c dan xuat cha oxi. Th du :
+ O2 , xt ,t 0
R - CH2 - CH2 - R
R - COOH + R- COOH
b. Hirat hoa anken thanh ancol
H + ,t 0 , p
R CH = CH2 + H2O
R - CH(OH) - CH3
c. Hirat hoa ankin thanh anehyt hoac xeton
+ H 2O ,t 0 , xt
R C C R
[R CH = C(OH) R]
RCH2COR
2. Chuyen hirocacbon thanh dan xuat cha oxi qua dan
xuat halogen
a. The nguyen t H bang nguyen t halogen roi thuy phan
+ X 2 , as ,( t 0 )
+ NaOH , H 2 O ,t 0
R - H
R - X
R - OH
+ X 2 , Fe
+ NaOH , p ,t
Ar - H
Ar - X
Ar - OH
b. Cong halogen hoac hirohalogenua vao hirocacbon

khong no roi thuy phan
+ HX
R CH = CH2
R - CHX - CH3
0
+ NaOH , H 2 O ,t
R - CH(OH) - CH3
3. Chuyen ancol va dan xuat halogen thanh hirocacbon

a. Tach nc t ancol thanh anken
H - C - C - OH
H2SO4, 1700C
C =C
b. Tach hirohalogenua t dan xuat halogen thanh anken

CH - CX
KOH/C2H5OH, t0
C =C
4. Chuyen hoa gia cac dan xuat cha oxi

a. Phng phap oxi hoa
Oxi hoa nh ancol bac I, bac II th c anehyt, xeton. Oxi
hoa manh cac dan xuat cha oxi th c axit cacboxylic :
[O ]
+ CuO ,t 0
RCH2OH
RCHO
RCOOH
0
+ CuO ,t
RCHOHR
RCOR
b. Phng phap kh
- Kh anehyt, xeton thanh ancol :
Ni ,t 0
RCOR + H2
RCHOHR
- Kh este thanh ancol :
LiAlH 4 ,t 0
RCOOR
RCH2OH + ROH
c. Este hoa va thuy phan este
H+ , t0
RCOOH + ROH
RCOOR+ H2O
III- S O BIEU DIEN MOI QUAN HE GIA HIROCACBON VA

MOT SO DAN XUAT CUA HYDROCACBON (SGK)
III. Cung co:

1. Nhan manh kien thc bai hoc.
2. Yeu cau Hs lay chat au la Etan e thc hien s o tong quat.
3. Lam tiep cac bai tap SGK trang 22,23.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoc bai, lam bai tap.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Xem trc bai 5 : LUCOZ.
***********************************************
Chng 2 . Cacbohirat
Ngy son: 05-09-2008.
Tit 7.
Bi 5 . Glucoz
A. Mc tiu ca bi hc
1. Kin thc: - Bit cu trc phn t dng mch h, mch vng ca glucoz.
- Tnh cht ho hc ca glucoz.
2. K nng: - Rn k nng nghin cu v vn dng kin thc.
C. Chun b.
1. GV: - Gio n.
- Th nghim: Glucoz tan trong H2O, p vi Cu(OH)2, AgNO3 trong NH3.
- M hnh, hnh v phn t glucoz.
2. HS: Nghin cu trc ni dung bi hc.
II. Bai mi
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung ghi bng
+ Cacbohirat l nhng hchat hu c tp chc,
Hot ng 1
thng c cng thc chung l Cn(H2O)m.
GV: t vn vo bi t ni
+ Cacbohirat c chia thnh 3 loi chnh:
dung ca chng. Yu cu Hs
- Mnsaccarit:
nghin cu SGK, tho lun, nu
- isaccaarit:
khi nim , cc loi cacbohirat,
- Polisaccarit.:
cho v d.
HS: Nghin cu SGK, tho
lun, nu khi nim , cc loi
cacbohirat, cho v d.
Bi 5. Glucoz.
Hot ng 2
I. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi thin nhin
GV: Yu cu Hs quan st mu
+ Glucoz la chat ran ket tinh, khong mau, tan trong nc, co
glucoz, quan st th nghim
tnh tan ca Glucoz, nghin
v ngot
cu Sgk, tho lun ri nu tnh
+ Glucoz co trong hau het cac bo phan cua cay (la, hoa, re...),
cht vt l, trng thi t nhin
co nhieu trong qua chn, mat ong, trong mau ngi, trong c
ca Glucoz.
the ong vat.
HS: Quan st mu glucoz,
quan st th nghim tnh tan ca
Glucoz, nghin cu Sgk, tho
lun ri nu tnh cht vt l,
trng thi t nhin ca
Glucoz.Yu cu Hs
Hot ng 3
GV: Yeu cau Hs nghien cu
SGK, thao luan, neu d kien
thc nghiem e xac nh cau
tao cua Glucoz. T o suy ra
CTCT dang mach h cua
Glucoz.
II. Cu trc phn t
Glucoz co CTPT la C6H12O6, ton tai dang mach h va dang

mach vong.
1. Dang mach h.
a. Cac d kien thc nghiem.
- Glucoz co p trang bac => phan t co nhom CHO.
- Glucoz p vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch mau xanh lam =>
HS : Nghien cu SGK, thao

luan, neu d kien thc nghiem
e xac nh cau tao cua
Glucoz. T o suy ra CTCT
dang mach h cua Glucoz.
GV : Neu CTCT dang mach
vong cua Glucoz.
phan t co nhieu nhom OH ke nhau.

- Glucoz tao este cha 5 goc axit => trong phan t co 5
nhom OH .
b. Ket luan.
CTCT dang mach h:
CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-CHO
Hoac viet gon la : CH2OH[CHOH]4CHO
2. Dang mach vong.
Glucoz ket tinh tao ra hai dang tinh the co dang cau truc vong
khac nhau. Nhom OH C5 cong vao nhom C = O tao ra hai
dang vong 6 canh va :
6
CH2OH
H
4
HO
H
OH
3
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Yeu cau Hs t CTCT suy
ra tnh chat hoa hoc cua
Glucoz.
HS: T CTCT suy ra tnh chat
hoa hoc.
GV : Yeu cau Hs neu cac p
quan trong.
HS : Neu cac p quan trong.
GV : Hng dan Hs lam th
nghiem chng minh : Tac dung
vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3 (p
trang bac), vi Cu(OH)2.
HS : Lam th nghiem chng
minh.
GV : Yeu cau Hs neu viet cac
ptp
HS : Viet cac ptp.
H
1
H
2
CH2OH
CH2OH
OH
CH
HOCH
OH
CH=O
HOCH
-Glucoz
H
HO
H
OH
OH
CHOH
OH
-Glucoz
Glucoz
III. Tnh cht ho hc
Glucoz co tnh chat cua va ancol a chc anehit

1. Tnh chat cua ancol a chc (poliancol hay poliol)
a. Tac dung vi Cu(OH)2
nhiet o thng, dd glucoz hoa tan Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch
phc ong- glucoz co mau xanh lam :
b. Phan ng tao este
Khi p vi anhirit axetic, glucoz tao este cha 5 goc axetat
trong phan t C6H7O(OCOCH3)5
2. Tnh chat cua anehit
2.1. Oxi hoa glucoz
a. Phan ng trang bac
b. Phan ng vi Cu(OH)2 khi un nong.
c. Glucoz lam mat mau dung dch brom.
2.2.Kh glucoz.
3. Phan ng len men
4. Tnh chat rieng cua dang mach vong
Rieng nhom OH C1 (OH hemiaxetal) cua dang vong tac
dung vi metanol co HCl xuc tac :
OH
OH
OH + CH3OH
HO
HO
OH
HCl khan.
O
OCH3
HO
HO
OH
metyl glicozit
III. Cung co.

1. Gv nhan manh cac kien thc quan trong.
2. Yeu cau Hs viet CTCT cac dang vong cua Glucoz.
3. Yeu cau Hs lam bai tap 2,3 trang 32 SGK.
IV. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: phan con lai cua bai.
V. Nhan xet, anh gia gi hoc.
***********************************
Ngy son: 07-09-2008.

Tit 8.
Bi 5 . Glucoz
A. Mc tiu ca bi hc
1. Kin thc: - Bit cu cch iu ch v cc ng dng ca Glucoz.
- Bit cu trc phn t dng mch h ca Fructoz. tnh cht ho hc ca Fructoz.
- Bit s chuyn ho gia 2 ng phn: glucoz, fructoz.
2. K nng: - Rn k nng nghin cu v vn dng kin thc.
C. Chun b.
1. GV: - Gio n.
- M hnh, hnh v phn t Fructoz.
2. HS: Nghin cu trc ni dung bi hc.
II. Kiem tra bai cu.
1- Neu d kien thc nghiem e xac nh cau tao cua Glucoz. T o suy ra CTCT dang mach
h cua Glucoz.Viet CTCT dang mach vong cua Glucoz.
2- Neu cac tnh chat hoa hoc cua Glcoz, viet ptp minh hoa a hoc.
III. Bai mi
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung ghi bng
IV.
iu
ch
v
ng
dng
Hoat ong 2.
1. iu ch
Thuy phan tinh bot nh xuc tac axit HCl loang hoac enzim,
SGK, neu cach ieu che va ng
hoac thuy phan xenluloz (co trong vo bao, mun ca) nh
dung cua Glucoz.
xuc tac axit clohiric ac thanh glucoz
HS : Nghien cu SGK, neu cach
HCl 40
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O
nC6H12O6
ieu che va ng dung cua
2. ng dng
Glucoz.
- Trong y hoc
- Trong cong nghiep
Hoat ong 3.
V. ng phn ca Glucoz: Fructoz
O
- CTPT: C6H12O6. CTCT dang mach h:
||
SGK, thao luan, neu cau tao cua
CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-C-CH2OH
Fructoz.
HS : Nghien cu SGK, thao luan,
neu cau tao cua Fructoz.
0
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Yeu cau Hs da vao CTCT
neu tnh chat hoa hoc quan trong
cua Fructoz.
HS: Hs da vao CTCT neu tnh
chat hoa hoc quan trong cua
Fructoz .
HOCH2
5
H
4
OH
2
HO
3
CH2OH
1
-Fructoz
- CTCT dang mach vong:
- Fructoz co tnh chat tng t Glucoz.
Chu y: Fructoz khong co nhom CH=O nhng van co phan
ng trang bac va phan ng kh Cu(OH)2 thanh Cu2O do
OH
Fructoz
Glucoz
OH
III. Cung co.

2. So sanh ve cau tao va tnh chat cua Glucoz va Fructoz.
3. Yeu cau Hs lam bai tap 2,3 trang 32,33 SGK.
IV. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Saccaroz : mang ng an.
***********************************
Ngay soan: 09-09-2008.

Tiet 9.
Bi 6. Saccaroz
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Cau truc phan t Saccaroz.
- Tnh chat hoa hoc cua Saccaroz.
2. K nang: Ren k nang nghien cu va van dung kien thc.
B. Phng phap chu yeu: Nghien cu, thao luan.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an + Th nghiem: Saccaroz p vi Cu(OH)2.
2. HS: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc + Mang ng an.
1. CTCT cua Glucoz, Fructoz.
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc cua Glucoz, ptp?
III. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Hot ng 1
GV: Yu cu Hs quan st mu
Saccaroz, tnh tan ca
Saccaroz trong nc, nghin
cu SGK, tho lun nu tnh
cht vt l, trng thi t nhin
ca Saccaroz.
HS: Quan st mu Saccaroz,
tnh tan ca Saccaroz trong
Ni dung ghi bng

I. Tnh cht vt l
+ Saccaroz la chat ket tinh, khong mau, v ngot, de tan trong

nc, nong chay 1850C.
+ Saccaroz co trong nhieu loai thc vat va la thanh phan chu
yeu cua ng ma (t cay ma), ng cu cai (t cu cai
ng), ng thot not ( t cum hoa thot not).
nc, nghin cu SGK, tho

lun nu tnh cht vt l, trng
thi t nhin ca Saccaroz.
Hot ng 2
SGK, thao luan, neu d kien
thc nghiem e xac nh cau
tao cua Saccaroz.
HS : Nghien cu SGK, thao
luan, neu d kien thc nghiem
e xac nh cau tao cua
Saccaroz.
GV: Neu CTCT cua Saccaroz
II. Cu trc phn t
- CTPT: C12H22O11.
- Dd saccaroz hoa tan Cu(OH)2 tao thanh dd mau xanh lam
=> phan t saccaroz co nhieu nhom OH ke nhau
- Dd saccaroz khong co phan ng trang bac, khong b oxi hoa
bi dd Brom=>phan t saccaroz khong co nhom CHO.
- un dd saccaroz co axit vo c xuc tac, ta c glucoz va
fructoz.
- Phan t saccaroz gom 1 goc -glucoz va 1 goc
-fructoz lien ket vi nhau qua ngyen t oxi gia C1 cua
glucoz va C2 cua fructoz (C1 - O - C2).
6
CH2OH
H
OH
H
4
HO
CTCT:
Hot ng 3
GV: Ycau Hs d oan tnh
chat hoa hoc cua Saccao t
cau tao.
HS: T ac iem cau tao =>
tnh chat hoa hoc.
GV: Xac nhan cac tnh chat,
yeu cau Hs neu p cu the.
HS: Neu p cu the.
GV: Hng dan Hs lam th
nghiem chng minh tnh chat
cua ancol a chc.
HS: Lam th nghiem Dd
saccaroz hoa tan Cu(OH)2.
IV. Cung co.
HOCH2
OH
OH
H
5
HO
6
4
CH2OH
III. Tnh cht ho hc
Saccaroz ch co tnh chat cua ancol a chc va co phan ng

cua isaccarit.
1. Phan ng vi Cu(OH)2
Dd saccaroz hoa tan Cu(OH)2 tao thanh dd mau xanh lam
2C12H22O11 + Cu(OH)2 (C12H21O11)2Cu + 2H2O
2 . Phan ng thuy phan
Trong dd, saccaroz b thuy phan thanh glucoz va fructoz :
H ,t
C12H22O11 + H2O
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
saccaroz
glucoz
fructoz
Trong c the ngi, phan ng nay xay ra nh enzim.
+

2. Yeu cau Hs lam bai tap 1, 2,3, 6 trang 38,39 SGK.
V. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Phan bai con lai
***********************************
Ngay soan: 11-09-2008.

Tiet 10.
Bi 6. Saccaroz
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - ng dung va san xuat Saccaroz.
- Cau truc phan t Fructoz.
- Tnh chat hoa hoc cua Fructoz.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an+ Th nghiem: dd mantoz p vi [Ag(NH3)2]OH va Cu(OH)2
2. HS: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc + mang ng mach nha.
Chuan b bai tap trang 32,33,38,39 SGK.
1. D kien thc nghiem, CTCT cua Saccaroz?
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc cua Saccaroz, ptp?
III. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Hot ng 1
GV: Yeu cau Hs lien he
thc te, neu cac ng dung
cua Saccaroz.
HS: Lien he thc te, neu
cac ng dung cua
Saccaroz.
GV: Cung Hs s o hoa
qua trnh san xuat ng
ma theo SGK.
Ni dung ghi bng

IV- NG DUNG VA SAN XUAT NG SACCAROZ
1. ng dung
Saccaroz c dung trong cong nghiep thc pham, e san xuat
banh keo, nc giai khat, pha che thuoc trong cong nghiep dc
pham .
2. San xuat ng saccaroz
San xuat ng t cay ma qua mot so cong oan chnh the hien
s o :
Cay ma
Dung dch ng
(co mau)
Ep
Nc ma (12 15% ng)
+ Voi sa, loc bo

tap chat
+ CO2, loc bo CaCO3
Dung dch ng
co lan hp chat cua canxi
+ SO2 tay mau

Dung dch ng
(khong mau)
Hot ng 2
GV: Neu cau tao cua
Mantoz. T ac iem cau
tao, yeu cau Hs d oan
Nc r ng
Len men
Ru
ng knh
V- ONG PHAN CUA SACCAROZ : MANTOZ
* Mantoz (con goi la ng mach nha) co CTPT C12H22O11 .

* trang thai tinh the, phan t mantoz gom 2 goc glucoz lien
tnh chat cua Mantoz.

HS : T ac iem cau tao,
yeu cau Hs d oan tnh
chat cua Mantoz.
GV : Xac nhan cac tnh
chat ung. Yeu cau Hs lam
th nghiem cua dd Mantoz
vi [Ag(NH3)2]OH va
Cu(OH)2 e chng minh.
HS : Lam th nghiem cua
dd Mantoz vi
[Ag(NH3)2]OH va Cu(OH)2
GV : Neu cach ieu che

mantoz, lien he thc te.
ket vi nhau C1 cua goc -glucoz nay vi C4 cua goc -glucoz

kia qua mot nguyen t oxi. Lien ket - C1 - O - C4 nh the c
goi la lien ket -1,4 glicozit.
* Trong dung dch, goc - glucoz cua mantoz co the m vong
tao ra nhom CH=O :
CH2OH
H
CH2OH
O
H
OH
HO
O
H
OH
CH2OH
O
H
OH
H
OH
OH
O
H
OH
OH
HO
CH2OH
H
H
4
1
2
OH
H
H
HO
OH
CH=O
Lien ket -1,4 -glicozit
Mantoz ket tinh
Dang anehit cua

mantoz trong dung dch
* Do cau truc nh tren, mantoz co 3 tnh chat chnh :
1- Tnh chat cua poliol: tac dung vi Cu(OH)2 cho phc ong mantoz mau xanh lam.
2- Tnh kh: kh [Ag(NH3)2]OH va Cu(OH)2 khi un nong.
Mantoz thuoc loai isaccarit co tnh kh.
3- B thuy phan nh axit xuc tac hoac enzim sinh ra glucoz.
* Mantoz c ieu che bang cach thuy phan tinh bot nh anzim
amilaza (co trong mam lua). Phan ng thuy phan nay cung xay ra
trong c the ngi va ong vat.
IV. Cung co va Luyen tap

2. So sanh Tnh chat hoa hoc giua Saccaroz va Mantoz. Giai thch s giong va khac nhau giua
chung da vao CTCT.
3. Yeu cau Hs lam bai tap 4,5 trang 38,39 SGK.
V. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Tinh bot: - Nghien cu noi dung bai.
- Mang cm, khoai, chuoi xanh.
***********************************
Ngay soan: 15-09-2008.

Tiet 11.
Bi 7. Tinh bt.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Cau truc phan t tinh bot.
- Tnh chat hoa hoc cua tinh bot.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an+ Hnh ve cau truc phan t tinh bot.
Th nghiem: Tinh bot + dd Iot.
2. HS: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc + Mang cm, khoai, chuoi xanh.
II. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung ghi bng
Hot ng 1
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu tnh chat vat
l, trang thai t nhien cua tinh bot.
HS: Neu tnh chat vat l, trang thai
t nhien cua tinh bot.
Hoat ong 2
GV: Neu cau truc phan t cua tinh
bot.a ra hnh ve ln e mo ta ro
hn.
I- TNH CHAT VAT L VA TRANG THAI T NHIEN
- Tinh bot la chat ran vo nh hnh, mau trang, khong tan

trong nc nguoi. Trong nc nong t 650C tr len, tinh
bot chuyen thanh dung dch keo nht, goi la ho tinh bot.
- Tinh bot co nhieu trong cac loai hat (gao, m, ngo,),cu
(khoai, san,) va qua (tao, chuoi,).
II. Cu trc phn t
+ Tinh bot la polisaccarit, co CTPT la (C6H10O5)n , gom 2

dang: Amiloz va Amilopectin.
+ Amiloz: phan t gom cac goc - glucoz noi vi nhau
bi lien ket -1,4 glicozit tao thanh chuoi dai khong
phan nhanh.
CH2OH
H
CH2OH
O
H
OH
H
1
HO
H
O
OH
CH2OH
O
H
OH
H
1
H
OH
H
1
OH
CH2OH
H
O
OH
H
1
OH
O
H
OH
OH
+ Amilopectin: phan t gom cac goc - glucoz noi vi

nhau bi lien ket -1,4 glicozit tao thanh mach phan
nhanh. Moi nhanh gom khoang 20 30 mat xch. Do co
them lien ket t C1 cua chuoi nay vi C6 cua chuoi kia
qua nguyen t O (lien ket -1,6 glicozit) nen chui b
phan nhanh.
CH2OH
H
CH2OH
O
H
OH
HO
H
1
OH
HO
H
Hoat ong 3.
GV: Neu tnh chat hoa hoc cua tinh
bot, viet cac ptp, lam th nghiem
phan ng vi dd Iot.
HS: Nam bat kien thc, quan sat
hien tng e khac sau kien thc.
H
OH
H
1
H
O
O
H
OH
H
OH
CH2OH
O
H
OH
CH2OH
H
H
OH
H
OH
CH2
O
H
1
H
OH
H
1
CH2OH
OH
H
O
O
H
OH
OH
H
1
III. Tnh cht ho hc
1. Phan ng thuy phan

a. Thuy phan nh xuc tac axit .
Tinh bot b thuy phan hoan toan nh xuc tac axit vo c
loang, tao glucoz :
OH
H ,t
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O
n C6H12O6
+
b. Thuy phan nh enzim.:

H2O
H2O
H2 O
Tinh bt
extrin
Mantozo
Glucozo
-amilaza
-amilaza
mantaza
2 . Phan ng mau vi dung dch iot

Tinh bot tac dung vi dd Iot th nhuom mau xanh tm.
Khi un nong,mau xanh tm bien mat. Khi e nguoi mau
xanh tm lai xuat hien.Phan ng nay c dung e nhan
ra tinh bot bang iot va ngc lai.
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Yeu cau Hs nghien cu SGK,
IV. S chuyn ha tinh bt trong c th
neu qua trnh chuyen hoa tinh bot
H O
H O
O
Tinh bt
extrin
Mantozo H
glucozo
- amilaza
-amilaza
mantaza
trong c the.
[O]
HS: Nghien cu SGK, neu qua trnh
Glucozo
CO 2 + H 2O
enzim
chuyen hoa tinh bot trong c the.
enzim enzim
GV: S o hoa qua trnh.
2
glicogen
V. S to thnh tinh bt trong cy xanh

Hoat ong 5.
sng mt tri
6nCO2 + 5n H2O nh
(C6H10O5)n + 6nCO2
clorophin
neu tom tat qua trnh tao tinh bot
trong cay xanh.
Qua trnh nay goi la qua trnh quang hp
HS: Nghien cu SGK, neu tom tat
qua trnh tao tinh bot trong cay
xanh.
GV: Giao duc moi trng thong qua
p.
III. Cung co.
2. Yeu cau Hs lam bai tap trang 44 SGK.
3. Lien he thc te qua trnh san xuat va s dung tinh bot.
IV. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Xenluloz.
***********************************
Ngay soan: 18-09-2008.

Tiet 12.
Bi 8. Xenluloz.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Cau truc phan t Xenluloz.
- Tnh chat hoa hoc cua Xenluloz.
- Cac ng dung quan trong cua Xenluloz.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an+ Hnh ve cau truc phan t Xenluloz.
II. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung ghi bng
I. Tnh cht vt l. Trng thi thin nhin
Hot ng 1
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu tnh chat - Xenluloz la chat ran hnh si, mau trang, khong mui, khong v,
khong tan trong nc ngay ca khi un nong, khong tan trong cac
vat l, trang thai t nhien cua
dung moi hu c thong thng nh ete, benzen,
Xenluloz
HS: Neu tnh chat vat l, trang - Xenluloz la thanh phan chnh tao nen lp mang te bao thc
vat, la bo khung cua cay coi. Xenluloz co nhieu trong bong (95
thai t nhien cua Xenluloz.
- 98%), ay, gai, tre, na(50 - 80%), go (40 - 50%) ....
Hoat ong 2
GV: Neu cau truc phan t cua
Xenluloz. a ra hnh ve ln
e mo ta ro hn.
II. Cu trc phn t
-Xenluloz la polisaccarit, co CTPT la (C6H10O5)n, co phan t

khoi rat ln (khoang 1.000.000 2.400.000).
- Phan t Xenluloz c hp thanh t cac mat xch - glucoz
noi vi nhau bi cac lien ket -1,4 glicozit, phan t xenluloz
khong phan nhanh, khong xoan.
CH2OH
O 4
H
O
H
H
OH
H
H
OH
OH
H
H
O
CH2OH
CH2OH
OH
H
H
1
H
O
H
OH
H O
1
OH
OH
H
OH
H
O
H
1
CH2OH
- Moi mat xch C6H10O5 co 3 nhom OH, nen con viet cong thc
cau tao cua xenluloz la [C6H7O2(OH)3]n
Hoat ong 3
GV: Ycau Hs d oan tnh
chat hoa hoc cua xenluloz t
cau tao a neu.
HS: T ac iem cau tao =>
tnh chat hoa hoc.
III. Tnh cht ho hc
1. Phan ng cua polisaccarit

- Xenluloz b thuy phan trong dung dch axit nong tao ra glucoz
H SO ,t
(C6H10O5)n + nH2O
n C6H12O6
- Phan ng thuy phan cung xay ra trong ong vat nhai lai (trau,
bo,) nh enzim xenlulaza.
2. Phan ng cua ancol a chc
2
GV: Xac nhan cac tnh chat,

yeu cau Hs neu p cu the.
HS: Neu p cu the.
a. Xenluloz phan ng vi HNO3 ac co H2SO4 ac lam xuc tac.

khi un nong cho xenluloz trinitrat:
H SO ,t
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n+3nHNO3
[C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n +3nH2O
Xenluloz trinitrat la chat de chay va no manh c dung lam
thuoc sung khong khoi.
b. Xenluloz tac dung vi anhirit axetic sinh ra xenluloz
triaxetat [C6H7O2(OCOCH3)3]n, la mot loai chat deo de keo thanh
t si.
c. San pham cua phan ng gia xenluloz vi CS2 va NaOH la
mot dung dch nht goi la visco. Khi bm dung dch nht nay qua
nhng lo rat nho (ng knh 0,1 mm) ngam trong dung dch
H2SO4 loang, xenluloz c giai phong ra di dang nhng si
dai va manh, ong mt nh t goi la t visco.
d. Xenluloz khong phan ng vi Cu(OH)2. nhng tan c trong
dung dch [Cu(NH3)4](OH)2
2
IV. ng dng .
Hoat ong 3.
* Cac vat lieu cha nhieu xenluloz nh tre, go, na,...thng
c dung lam vat lieu xay dng, o dung gia nh,...
SGK, neu cac ng dung cua
* Xenluloz nguyen chat va gan nguyen chat c che thanh si,
Xenluloz .
t, giay viet, giay lam bao b, xenluloz trinitrat c dung lam
HS: Nghien cu SGK, neu cac thuoc sung. Thuy phan xenluloz se c glucoz lam nguyen
ng dung cua Xenluloz .
lieu e san xuat etanol.
GV: Lien he thc te.
III. Cung co.
2. Yeu cau Hs so sanh tinh bot va Xenluloz.
3. Lien he thc te qua trnh khai thac va s dung Xenluloz.
Giao duc y thc bao ve moi trng thong qua khai thac va s dung go....
4. Yeu cau Hs lam bai tap trang 49, 50 SGK.
IV. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Bai 9. Luyen tap.
- On lai kien thc ve cac cacbohirat a hoc.
- Chuan b cac bai tap trong bai luyen tap.
V. Nhan xet, anh gia gi hoc
************************************
Ngay soan: 20-09-2008.

Tiet 13.
Bi 9. Luyn tp
Cu trc v tnh cht ca mt s cacbohirat tiu biu
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Cung co kien thc ve cacbohirat: cau truc phan t, tnhchat hoa hoc.
2. K nang: Ren k nang van dung kien thc.
B. Phng phap chu yeu: Nghien cu, thao luan, hoat ong nhom.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an.
2. HS: On lai kien thc ve cac cacbohirat a hoc.
II. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Hoat ong 1.
GV: Yeu cau Hs viet lai CTCT cua
Glucoz, Fructoz, neu ac iem cau tao
cua Saccaroz, Mantoz, tinh bot,
Xenluloz.
HS: Viet lai CTCT cua Glucoz,
Fructoz, neu ac iem cau tao cua
Saccaroz, Mantoz, tinh bot, Xenluloz.
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Yeu cau Hs thao luan nhom, hoan
thanh bang tom tat tnh chat hoa hoc c cua
cacbohirat
HS: Thao luan nhom, hoan thanh bang
tom tat tnh chat hoa hoc cua cacbohirat
GV: Chu y cho Hs nhung tnh chat cha
neu c trong bang.
Dan y ghi bang.

I. Cc kin thc cn nh
1.Cu trc phn t

a. Glucoz
b. Fructoz
c. Saccaroz
d. Mantoz.
e. Tinh bt
g. Xenluloz
2. Tnh cht ho hc
Bng tng kt
Glucoz
Fructoz
Saccaroz
Mantoz
Tinh bot
Xenluloz
III. Cung co.

1. Nhan manh cac kien thc, k nang quan trong.
2. Yeu cau Hs viet lai CTCT cac cacbohirat.
IV. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Luyen tap tiep: Lam cac bai tap.
AgNO3
/ NH3
Ag
Ag
Ag
Cu(OH)2
un nong
t0 thng
Thuy
phan
Cu2O
Cu2O
Dd xanh lam
Dd xanh lam
Dd xanh lam
Dd xanh lam
Co
Co
Cu2O
Cu(OH)2
Co
Co
************************************
Ngay soan: 20-09-2008.

Tiet 14.
Bi 9. Luyn tp
Cu trc v tnh cht ca mt s cacbohirat tiu biu
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Cung co kien thc ve cacbohirat: cau truc phan t, tnhchat hoa hoc.
2. K nang: Ren k nang van dung kien thc.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an.
2. HS: - On lai kien thc ve cac cacbohirat a hoc.
- Chuan b cac bai tap trong bai luyen tap.
II. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
GV: Yeu cau Hs thao luan,

lam cac bai tap SGK trang
36,37.
HS: Thao luan, lam cac bai
tap SGK trang 36,37.
GV: Yeu cau Hs trnh bay
bai.
HS: Trnh bay bai.
GV: Yeu cau Hs nhan xet,
bo sung.
HS: Nhan xet, bo sung.
GV: Ket luan, chnh sa,
nhan manh kien thc va k
nang quan trong.
Dan y ghi bang.

II. Bi tp
Bai 1: A.
CxHyOz + (x+y/4-z/2) O2 xCO2 + (y/2)H2O.
So mol CO2 = So mol H2O x= y/2 y=2x
So mol O2 = So mol CO2 x+ y/4 z/2 = x z=x
CTPT la C6H12O6 ap an A
Bai 2:
A S: Ca hai eu co v ngot.
B S: Mantoz t co tnh kh do co nhom OH
hemiaxetal.
C : Phan t tinh bot va xenluloz co nhom OH
hemiaxetal rat t nen khong co tnh kh.
D : Tinh bot co p mau vi dd Iot do phan t co
cau truc vong xoan.
Bai 3:
1- Glucoz.
6
CH 2OH
H
4
HO
H
OH
H
CH2OH
CH
H
2
OH
OH
CH2OH
HOCH
HOCH
H
4
CH=O
CHOH
HO
H
OH
3
O
H
2
OH
- Glucoz.
Glucoz.
- Glucoz.
O
2- Fructoz:
||
- Dang mach h: CH2OH-CHOH-CHOH-CHOH-C-CH2OH
OH
1
HOCH2
- CTCT dang mach vong:
5
4
3- Saccaroz:
HO
OH
C H 2O H
1
- Fructoz
OH
CH2OH
H
OH
H
4
HO
5
6
CH2OH
OH
HO
HOCH2
OH
4- Mantoz:
CH2OH
H
CH2OH
O
H
OH
HO
H
OH
H
OH
CH2OH
H
OH
OH
HO
OH
OH
CH2OH
OH
H
4
H
H
HO
OH
CH=O
Lien ket -1,4 -glicozit
5- Tinh bot:
CH2OH
H
CH2OH
O
H
OH
H
1
HO
H
O
OH
O
H
OH
CH 2 OH
4
HO
OH
1
2
H
4
O
H
OH
H
2
OH
H
OH
CH 2
O
H
OH
CH 2 OH
H
1
OH
CH2OH
O 4
H
O
H
OH
H
H
H
4
O
H
OH
H
1
H
2
OH
OH
OH
OH
H
H
O
CH2OH
CH2OH
OH
H
H
1
H
O
H
OH
H O
1
H
OH
Bai 4: Tnh theo ptp quang hp.

Bai 5: Tnh theo ptp thuy phan Xenluloz.
III. Cung co.
OH
OH
6-Xenluloz:
H
CH 2OH
O
H
OH
OH
H
OH
OH
OH
HO
H
OH
CH2OH
CH 2OH
H
H
OH
CH 2 OH
4
CH2OH
OH
H
OH
H
O
CH2OH
H
1
OH
1. Nhan manh cac kien thc, k nang quan trong.

2. Khai quat dang bai tap va phng phap giai.
IV. Hng dan ve nha.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Bai 10. Bai thc hanh so 1.
- Cach tien hanh cac th nghiem, d oan hien tng.
- Mang ng an(saccaroz), tinh bot.
************************************
Ngay soan: 21-09-2008.

Tiet 15.
Bi 10. Bi thc hnh 1.

iu ch este v tnh cht ca mt s cacbohydrat
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Cung co, chng minh tnh chat cua cacbohirat, ieu che este.
2. K nang: Ren k nang lam th nghiem, k nang van dung kien thc e giai thch hien tng
th nghiem.
B. Phng phap chu yeu: Hs lam th nghiem thc hanh.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: a. Giao an.
b. Dung cu va hoa chat:
Ho cht
Dng c th nghim
- ng nghim
- Dung dch NaOH 10%.
- Cc thu tinh 100ml
- Dung dch CuSO4 5 %
- Cp ng nghim g
- Dung dch glucoz 1 %
- Axit sunfuric 10 %
- n cn
- Natri hirocacbonat
- ng ht nh git
- Tinh bt
- Tha xc ho cht
- Dung dch iot 0,05 %.
- Gi ng nghim
2. HS: - Cach tien hanh cac th nghiem, d oan hien tng.
- Mang ng an(saccaroz), tinh bot.
I. Kiem tra s so, on nh lp: Chia thanh 4 nhom th nghiem.
II. Kiem tra bai chuan b cua Hs:
- Neu Cach tien hanh cac th nghiem, d oan hien tng.
- Kiem tra hoa chat Hs chuan b.
III. Hs lam th nghiem, ghi lai cac hien tng quan sat c.
GV quan sat, ho tr khi can
IV. Thu don, ve sinh PTN.
V. Hng dan ve nha.
1. Lam tng trnh th nghiem theo mau qui nh.
2. Chuan b bai sau: AMIN: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc.
VI. Nhan xet, anh gia, rut kinh nghiem gi thc hanh.
- Y thc k luat trong PTN.
- Nhom co ket qua tot, cha tot. Nguyen nhan.

VII. Cac chu y trong cac th nghiem:
1. Th nghiem 1: ieu che etyl axetat
- Lay 1 ml ancol etylic, 1 ml axit axetic nguyen chat va 1 giot axit sunfuric ac.
- Lac eu, ong thi un cach thuy 5 - 6 phut trong noi nc nong 65 - 700C.
- Lam lanh roi rot them vao ong nghiem 2 ml dung dch NaCl bao hoa.
Phai cho axit sunfuric ac vao sau cung e tranh no, bong.
Tranh giay hoa chat ra ngi va o vat
2. Th nghiem 2 : Phan ng cua glucoz vi Cu(OH)2
- Lay 2 en 3 giot dung dch CuSO4 5% va 1 ml dung dch NaOH.
- Them vai giot dd NaOH lam moi trng.
- Cho dung dch glucoz 1%. Lac nhe.
- un nong thu c.
Phan ng de xay ra trong moi trng kiem.
3. Th nghiem 3 : Tnh chat cua saccaroz
a) - Lay 2 en 3 giot dung dch CuSO4 5% va 1 ml dung dch NaOH.
- Them vai giot dd NaOH lam moi trng.
- Cho dung dch saccaroz vao ong nghiem.
- un nong dung dch thu c.
b) - Lay 1,5 ml dd saccaroz vao ong nghiem, cho tiep vao 0,5 ml dd H2SO4.
- un nong 2 3 phut .e nguoi, cho t t NaHCO3 vao, khuay eu en khi ngng
thoat CO2.
- Rot dd thu c vao ong nghiem ng Cu(OH)2 , lac eu, roi un nong.
4. Th nghiem 4: Phan ng cua ho tinh bot vi iot
- Cho dd Iot tac dung vi tinh bot.
- un nong, roi e nguoi
************************************
Ngay soan: 21-09-2008.

Tiet 16.
KIEM TRA 1 TIET.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Kiem tra, anh gia kien thc cua hoc sinh ve Este, lipit, cacbohirat, chat giat ra.
2. K nang: Kiem tra, anh gia, ren k nang van dung kien thc, k nang lam viec oc lap.
B. Phng phap chu yeu: Kiem tra trac nghiem.
C. Chuan b.
1. GV: e, ap an, hng dan cham.
2. HS: On lai kien thc, t luyen tap.
II. Phat e cho Hs, Hs lam bai.
III. Thu bai.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoan thanh bai kiem tra, t danh gia.

2. Chuan b bai sau: Amin: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai.
V. Nhan xet, anh gia gi kiem tra.
E BAI:
H v tn: .
Lp 12
Bi kim tra 1 tit s 1.
Khoanh trn vo ch ci ch p n ph hp vi mi cu.
M 685
1/ Cho cc cng thc cu to sau: (1) CH3COOH, (2) CH3OH, (3) CH3OCOCH3 , (4) CH3OCH3,
(5) CH3COCH3, (6) CH3CHOHCH3, (7) CH3COOCH3. Cc cng thc cu to no cho trn biu
din cht c tn l metylaxetat ?x
a (7).
b (4) , (5) , (6).
c (1) , (2) , (3).
d (3) , (7).
2/ Cho s chuyn ha sau: Tinh bt X Y axit axetic. X v Y ln lt l
b ancol etylic, anehit axetic.
a glucoz, etyl axetat.
c glucoz, ancol etylic.
d glucoz, anehit axetic.
3/ Hp cht X c cng thc chung: R-OOC- R. Pht biu no sau y ng?
a X l este c iu ch t axit RCOOH v ancol ROH.
b X l este ca axit RCOOH v ancol ROH.
c X l este th R v R u khng phi l nguyn t H.
d A, B ng.
4/ X phng c iu ch bng cch no?
a Thu phn cht bo trong mi trng kim.
b Thu phn cht bo trong mi trung axit
c Phn hu cht bo
d C 3 cch trn
5/ t chy hn hp cc este no n chc cho kt qu no sau y?
a S mol nc ln hn s mol cacbonic.
b S mol nc bng s mol cacbonic.
c S mol nc b hn s mol cacbonic.
d Khng xc nh c.
6/ Cho cc cht: X:glucoz ; Y:fructoz ; Z:saccaroz ; T:xenluloz. Cc cht cho c phn ng
trng bc l:
a Y v Z.
b T v Y.
c X.
d X v Y.
7/ Cht X c CTPT C4H8O2, khi tc dng vi dung dch NaOH sinh ra cht Y c CTPT l C2H3O2Na
v cht Zc CTPT C2H6O. X l loi cht no sau y?
b Este.
c Ru.
d Khng xc nh c.
a Axit.
8/ Trong phn t ca cc cacbohirat lun c
a nhm chc xetn.
b nhm chc axit.
c nhm chc ancol.
d nhm chc anehit.
9/ Chn phng php no c th lm sch vt du lc dnh vo qun o trong s cc phng php
sau:
a Ty bng xng
b Ty bng gim
c Git bng nc
d Gt bng nc c pha thm t mui
10/
10 Cng thc chung ca este to bi ancol thuc dy ng ng ca ancol etylic v axit thuc dy
ng ng ca axit axetic l cng thc no sau y?
a CnH2nO2
b CnH2n - 1O2
c CnH2n - 2O2.
d CnH2n + 1O2
11/
11 Mt este c CTPT l C4H8O2 c to thnh t ancol metylic v axit no sau y?
a Axit oxalic.
b Axit fomic.
c Axit axetic.
d Axit propionic.
12/
12 Loi du no sau y khng phi l este ca axit bo v glixerol?
a Du vng
b Du da
c Du lc
d Du luyn
13/
13 t chy 6g este X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 3,6g H2O. CTPT ca X l:
a C5H10O2 .
b C4H8O2 .
c C2H4O2 .
d C3H6O2.
14/
14 Mui natri ca axit bo c gi l
a Este
b Du m
c Mui hu c
d X phng
15/
15 xc nh cc nhm chc ca glucoz, ta c th dng:
a AgNO3/dd NH3
b natri kim loi.
c Qu tm.
d Cu(OH)2
16/
16 Trong cc cng thc sau y, cng thc no l ca xenluloz:
b [C6H5O2(OH)5]n
c [C6H7O2(OH)2]n
d [C6H5O2(OH)3]n
a [C6H7O2(OH)3]n
17/
17 Mt este X c CTPT l C4H8O2, khi thu phn cho sn phm c phn ng trng gng. X c
CTCT l:
b CH3COOC2H5
c HCOOC3H7 d Khng xc nh c.
a C2H5COOCH3
18/
18 C cc cht v cc phng trnh ha hc sau:
Cht 1 + NaOH C2H5OH + CH3COONa
Cht 2 + NaOH C2H4(OH)2 + C2H5COONa
Cht 3 + NaOH C3H5(OH)3 + CH3COONa
Cht 4 + NaOH C3H5(OH)3 + C17H35COONa
Cht no l cht bo?
a Cht 3
b Cht 4
c Cht 2
d
Cht 1
19/
19 Phn ng c trng ca este l:
b Phn ng thu phn c Phn ng th
d Phn ng cng
a Phn ng chy
20/
20 Thu phn hon ton mt cht bo. Nu em t chy hon ton axit bo thu c th thy
s mol nc nh hn s mol cacbonic. CTCT ca cht bo l cng thc no sau y?
C17H35COO
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
C15H31COO
C17H33COO
C15H31COO
C15H31COO
CH
C17H35COO
CH
C17H35COO
CH
C17H35COO
CH
C17H35COO
C17H35COO
C H COO
C H COO
CH2
CH2
CH2
CH2
c
d
a 17 35
b 17 35
21/
21 Chn cu ng trong nhng cu sau:
a Du n v du bi trn c cng thnh phn nguyn t.
b Cht bo u l cht rn khng tan trong nc
c Cht bo l este ca glixerol vi axit v c.
d Cht bo khng tan trong nc, nh hn nc, tan trong nhiu dung mi hu c.
22/
22 Thu phn hon ton cht bo A bng dung dch NaOH thu c 1,84g glixerol v 18,24g mui
ca axit bo duy nht.Cht bo l:
a (C15H29COO)3C3H5
b ( C17H33COO)3C3H5
d (C17H35COO)3C3H5
c (C15H31COO)3C3H5.
23/
23 X phng ho 22,2 gam hn hp 2 este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 dng va ht 200ml
dung dch NaOH. Nng mol ca dung dch NaOH l:
a 1,5M
b 2M.
c 1,0M
d 0,5M
24/
24 Cc axit panmitic v stearic c trn vi parafin lm nn. Cng thc phn t ca 2 axit
trn l:
a C15H31COOH v C17H33COOH
b C15H29COOH v C17H25COOH
c C15H31COOH v C17H35COOH
d C15H31COOH v C17H29COOH
25/
25 X phng ho 22,2 gam hn hp 2 este l HCOOC2H5 v CH3COOCH3 bng dd NaOH . Khi
lng NaOH phn ng l:
a 12 gam
b 8 gam
c 16 gam
d 20 gam.
Cho nguyn t khi ly nh sau: C: 12. H: 1. O: 16. Na: 23. Ag: 108. K: 39.
p n ca thi: M 685
1- d...
2- c...
3- b...
4- a...
9- a...
10- a...
11- d...
12- d...
17- c...
18- b...
19- b...
20- b...
25- a...
5- b...
13- c...
21- d...
6- d...
14- d...
22- b...
7- b...
15- d...
23- a...
8- c...
16- a...
24- c...
HNG DAN CHAM:

Moi la chon ung cho 0,4 iem. 25 x 0,4 = 10 iem.
Het.
******************************************************************************
Chng 3 AMIN - AMINO AXIT - PROTEIN

Ngay soan: 22-09-2008.
Tiet 17.
Bai 11. AMIN
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Khai niem amin, cac loai amin, cach goi ten cac amin.
- Cac loai ong phan cua amin.
2. K nang: Ren k nang nghien cu van dung kien thc.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an.
II. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Ni dung ghi bng

I- KHAI NIEM, PHAN LOAI, DANH PHAP VA ONG PHAN
Hoat ong 1.
thao luan, neu khai niem amin,
cac loai amin, cho v du minh hoa.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan,
neu khai niem amin, cac loai
amin, cho v du minh hoa.
GV: Khai quat hoa vi moi van
e.
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Neu cach goi ten amin, yeu
cau Hs nam bat cach goi, xem
bang 3.1 e khac sau.
Hoat ong 3.
GV: Neu cac loai p, cach viet
CTCT cac amin. Yeu cau Hs van
1. Khai niem
Khi thay the mot hay nhieu nguyen t hiro trong phan t
NH3 bang mot hay nhieu goc hirocacbon ta c amin.
2 . Phan loai
Amin c phan loai theo 2 cach thong dung nhat :
a. Theo ac iem cau tao cua goc hirocacbon
Amin thm (anilin C6H5NH2), amin beo (etylamin ), amin
d vong (piroliin NH )
b. Theo bac cua amin
Bac cua amin c tnh bang so nguyen t H trong phan t
NH3 c thay the bang goc hyro cacbon.
R
R-NH2
R-NH-R
R-N-R
amin bac I
amin bac II
amin bac III
3 . Danh phap
a. Danh phap goc - chc.
b. Ten thay the.
c. Mot so amin c goi theo ten thng (ten rieng).
Chu y:Nhom NH2.
4 . ong phan
Amin co ong phan mach C va ong phan v tr nhom chc
dung: Viet CTCT cac amin co

CTPT C4H11N va goi ten cac p.
HS: Viet CTCT cac amin co
CTPT C4H11N va goi ten cac p.
cho tng loai : amin bac I, amin bac II, amin bac III
III. Cung co bai:

1- Nhan manh kien thc bai hoc.
2- Viet CTCT cua cac amin bac III co CTPT C5H13N, ten goi cua chung.
3- Viet CTCT cac amin co nhan benzen co CTPT C8H11N.
4- Bai tap 1,2,3 SGK trang 61.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
1- Hoc bai.
2- Chuan b bai sau: Phan II, III: nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 23-09-2008.

Tiet 18.
Bai 11. AMIN
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Cau tao phan t cua amin.
- Tnh chat hoa hoc cua cac amin.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: + Giao an + Mo hnh phan t Metylamin, Anilin.
+ Th nghiem: H3C-NH2 , C6H5-NH2 p vi qu tm, HCl, nc Brom.
CTCT va ten goi cac amin co CTPT la C4H11N.
III. Bai mi.
Hot ng ca thy v tr
Hoat ong 1.
GV: Yeu cau Hs nghien
cu SGK, thao luan, neu
tnh chat vat l cua cac
amin.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao
luan, neu tnh chat vat l
cua cac amin.
GV: Chu y khi s dung:
oc.
Ni dung ghi bng

II- TNH CHAT VAT L
Metylamin, imetylamin, trietylamin va etylamin la nhng chat

kh, mui khai kho chu, oc, de tan trong nc.Cac amin ong
ang cao hn la nhng chat long hoac ran, o tan trong nc giam
dan theo chieu tang cua phan t khoi.
Anilin la chat long, soi 1840C, khong mau, oc, t tan trong
nc, tan trong etanol, benzen. e lau trong khong kh, anilin
chuyen sang mau nau en v b oxi hoa bi oxi khong kh.
III- CAU TAO PHAN T VA TNH CHAT HOA HOC
- CTCT amin cac bac va anilin:
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu CTCT
dang tong quat cho cac
amin, t ac iem cau tao
d oan tnh chat cua cac
amin.
Gi y cho Hs t NH3.
HS: Neu CTCT dang tong
quat cho cac amin, t ac
iem cau tao d oan tnh
chat cua cac amin.
GV: Khang nh cac tnh
chat ung. Yeu cau Hs viet
cac ptp minh hoa cu the,
ptp dang khai quat.
HS: Viet cac ptp minh hoa
cu the, ptp dang khai quat.
GV: Hng dan Hs lam th
nghiem minh hoa.
HS: Lam cac th nghiem
minh hoa a chuan b.
GV: Chu y anh hng gia
cac hp phan cau tao trong
amin e so sanh lc baz.
N
R
R
R
H
H
- Do phan t amin co nguyen t N con oi e cha lien ket nen

amin co tnh baz.
- Nguyen t N trong phan t amin co so oxi hoa -3 nen amin
thng de b oxi hoa.
- Cac amin thm, th du nh anilin, con de dang tham gia phan
ng the vao nhan thm do anh hng cua oi electron cha lien
ket nguyen t nit.
1. Tnh chat cua chc amin
1.1. Tnh baz
a. Tac dung vi chat ch th mau:
- Dd nhieu ankylamin lam xanh giay quy tm hoac lam hong
phenolphtalein do ket hp vi proton manh hn amoniac.
R-NH2 + H2O [RNH3]+ + OH- Anilin va cac amin thm rat t tan trong nc. Dung dch cua
chung khong lam oi mau quy tm va phenolphtalein
- Nh vay : nhom ankyl co anh hng lam tang mat o electron
nguyen t nit do o lam tang lc baz ; nhom phenyl lam giam
mat o electron nguyen t nit do o lam giam lc baz.
Lc baz : CnH2n + 1 - NH2 > H -NH2 > C6H5 - NH2
b. Tac dung vi axit tao ra muoi.
R-NH2 + HCl [R-NH3]+Cl1.2.Phan ng vi axit nitr
a. Amin bac mot tac dung vi axit nitr nhiet o thng cho
ancol hoac phenol va giai phong nit.
R-NH2 + HONO ROH + N2 + H2O
b. Anilin va cac amin thm bac mot tac dung vi axit nitr nhiet
o thap (0 - 50C) cho muoi iazoni :
+ 5 C
C6H5NH2 + HONO + HCl 0
C6H5N2 Cl + 2H2O
benzeniazoni clorua
1.3. Phan ng ankyl hoa
- Khi cho amin bac mot hoac bac hai tac dung vi ankyl
halogenua, nguyen t H cua nhom amin co the b thay the bi goc
ankyl: R-NH2 + CH3I R-NH-CH3 + HI
Phan ng nay c goi la phan ng ankyl hoa amin.
2. Phan ng the nhan thm cua anilin
0
NH 2
Br
NH 2
Br
+ 3Br 2
+ 3HBr
Br
2, 4, 6 tribromanilin
Phan ng nay dung nhan biet anilin.

III. Cung co bai:
2-Viet cac ptp cu the cua cac amin.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoc bai, lam bai tap
2. Chuan b bai sau: Phan IV + Bai tap.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 23-09-2008.

Tiet 19.
Bai 11. AMIN
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Cach ieu che cac amin.
- ng dung cac amin.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an .
II. Bai mi.
Noi dung ghi bang.
IV- NG DUNG VA IEU CHE
Hoat ong 1.
1. ng dung
- Cac ankylamin c dung trong tong hp hu c, ac biet la
SGK, thao luan, neu cac ng
cac iamin c dung e tong hp polime.
dung cua amin.
- Anilin la nguyen lieu quan trong trong cong nghiep pham
nhuom (pham azo, en anilin,), polime (nha anilin
luan, neu neu cac ng dung
fomanehit,), dc pham (streptoxit, suafaguaniin,)
cua amin.
2. ieu che
Hoat ong 2.
Amin co the c ieu che bang nhieu cach:
GV: Neu cac cach ieu che
amin, cho cac v du minh hoa. a. Thay the nguyen t H cua phan t amoniac
Cac ankylamin c ieu che t amoniac va ankyl halogenua.Th
du : +CH3I
+CH3I
+CH3I
NH3 - HI
CH3NH2 - HI
(CH3)2NH - HI
(CH3)3N
b. Kh hp chat nitro
Anilin va cac amin thm thng c ieu che bang cach kh
nitrobenzen (hoac dan xuat nitro tng ng) bi hiro mi sinh
nh tac dung cua kim loai (nh Fe, Zn) vi axit HCl. Th du :
Fe , HCl
C6H5NO2 + 6H
C6H5NH2 + 2H2O
Ngoai ra, cac amin con co the c ieu che bang nhieu cach
khac.
LUYEN TAP.
Bai 1: Chon C.
Hoat ong 3.
Giai thch da vao hieu ng hut hoac ay e cua cac goc
hirocacbon.
lam cac bai tap SGK trang
Bai 2: Chon C.
61,62.
Lap CTPT da vao san pham chay.
HS: Thao luan, lam cac bai
Bai 3: Viet CTCT da vao cac loai p cua amin.
tap.
GV: Yeu cau Hs trnh bay bai. Bai 4: a. Do phan ng vi nc tao dd baz tng t NH3, do tao
lien ket hiro vi nc.
HS: Trnh bay bai.
b. Do mat o e tren N ln hn, tao lien ket hiro ben hn.
GV: Yeu cau Hs nhan xet, bo
Bai 5: a. Dung dd HCl roi dung NaOH.
sung.
b. Dung NaOH CO2 HCl NaOH.
HS: Nhan xet, bo sung.
GV: Ket luan, chnh sa, nhan Bai 6:Dung cac p ac trng e nhan biet.
Bai 7:Dung axit e p vi cac amin.
manh kien thc va k nang
Bai 8: Tnh theo cac ptp.
quan trong.
III. Cung co bai:
2- Khai quat cac dang bai tap va cach giai.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Aminoaxit: nghien cu trc noi dung bai.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 23-09-2008.

Tiet 20.
Bai 12.
AMINOAXIT.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs hieu nh ngha aminoaxit, cau tao phan t aminoaxit.
Hs biet: - Cach goi ten aminoaxit.
- Tnh axit-baz cua aminoaxit.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an .

II. Bai mi.
Hoat ong 1.
thao luan, neu nh ngha aminoaxit,
cho v du.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan,
neu nh ngha aminoaxit, cho v du.
GV: khai quat cong thc.
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Neu cau tao phan t cua cac
amino axit .
Noi dung ghi bang.

I- NH NGHA, CAU TAO VA DANH PHAP
1. nh ngha
Amino axit la loai hp chat hu c tap chc ma phan t
cha ong thi nhom NH2 va nhom (COOH).
2 . Cau tao phan t

V nhom COOH co tnh axit, nhom NH2 co tnh baz nen
trang thai ket tinh amino axit ton tai dang ion lng cc.
Trong dung dch, dang ion lng cc chuyen mot phan nho
thanh dang phan t :
R
CH
+
NH3
COO-
CH
COOH
NH2
dang ion lng cc

dang phan t
3 . Danh phap
Hoat ong 3.
GV: Neu qui tac goi ten. Yeu cau Hs a.Tn thay th:
Axit + (v tr nhm NH2 : 1, 2,) + amino + tn axit
ap dung goi ten cac aminoaxit.
cacboxylic tng ng.
HS: Ap dung goi ten cac aminoaxit. b. Tn bn h thng:
Axit + (v tr nhm NH2: , , , ) + amino + tn thng
thng axit cacboxylic tng ng.
Ngoai ra, cac - amino axit co trong thien nhien goi la
amino axit thien nhien eu co ten rieng.
Hoat ong 4.
II- TNH CHAT VAT L
Cac amino axit la nhng chat ran dang tinh the khong
mau, v hi ngot, co nhiet o nong chay cao (khoang t
thao luan, neu tnh chat vat l cua
220 en 3000C, ong thi b phan huy) va de tan trong
aminoaxit.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu nc v chung ton tai dang ion lng cc (muoi noi phan
t).
tnh chat vat l cua aminoaxit.
III- TNH CHAT HOA HOC
Hoat ong 5.
1.Tnh chat axit - baz cua dung dch amino axit
GV: Yeu cau Hs nghiencu SGK,
1.1. Moi trrng dd aminoaxit.
neu cac trng hp khac nhau khi
Xet vi aminoaxit (H2N)xR(COOH)y:
xet moi trng dd aminoaxit.
- Khi x=y: dd gan nh trung tnh.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, neu cac
- Khi x<y: dd co moi trng axit
trng hp khac nhau khi xet moi
- Khi x>y: dd co moi trng baz.
trng dd aminoaxit.
1.2. Phan ng vi axit vo c manh tao ra muoi.
GV: Neu tnh chat, yeu cau Hs viet
H2N-R-COOH + HCl ClH3N-R-COOH
ptp.
Hoac H3N+-R-COO- + HCl ClH3N-R-COOH
HS: Viet ptp.
GV: Khai quat hoa. Yeu cau Hs viet 1.3. Phan ng vi baz manh tao ra muoi va nuc.
ptp tong quat va ket luan ve tnh

lng tnh cua amino axit
HS: Viet ptp tong quat va ket luan
ve tnh lng tnh cua amino axit
H2N-R-COOH + NaOH H2NCH2COONa + H2O

Hoac H3N+-R-COO- + NaOH H2N-R-COONa + H2O
Nh vay, amino axit co tnh chat lng tnh.
III. Cung co bai:

2- Viet ptp cua cac aminoaxit cu the khac.
3- CTCT va ten goi cua aminoaxit.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Aminoaxit: Phan bai con lai: nghien cu trc noi dung bai.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 24-09-2008.

Tiet 21.
Bai 12.
AMINOAXIT.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Tnh chat hoa hoc cua aminoaxit: P este hoa, p vi HO-NO,
p trung ngng.
- ng dung cua aminoaxit.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an .
1- CTCT va ten goi aminoaxit co CTPT la C4H9O2N.
2- Chng to rang axit 2-aminopropanoic la chat lng tnh.
III. Bai mi.
Noi dung ghi bang.
III- TNH CHAT HOA HOC
Hoat ong 1.
2.Phan ng este hoa nhom COOH
H2N-R-COOH + R-OH kh HCl H2N-R-COO-R + H2O
viet ptp este hoa va p vi HO-NO
3.Phan ng cua nhom NH2 vi HNO2
cua aminoaxit
HS: Nghien cu SGK, viet ptp este H2N-R-COOH + HNO2 HO-R-COOH + N2 + H2O
hiroxiaxit
hoa va p vi HO-NO cua aminoaxit
GV: Khai quat.
Hoat ong 2.
4.Phan ng trung ngng
GV: Trnh bay cho Hs p trung

ngng cua aminoaxit.Viet p cua
Axit 6-aminohexanoic. Yeu cau Hs
viet ptp cua axit 7-aminoheptanoic.
HS: Viet ptp cua
axit 7-aminoheptanoic.
Hoat ong 3.
thao luan, neu ng dung cua
aminoaxit.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao luan, neu
ng dung cua aminoaxit.
Axit 6 - aminohexanoic (axit - aminocaproic)

hoac axit 7- aminoheptanoic (axit - aminoenantoic) co
phan ng trung ngng tao thanh polime thuoc loai
poliamit.
... + H - NH -[CH2]5CO- OH + H - NH[CH2]5CO - OH + H - NH - [CH2]5CO -OH +
T
. . . - NH - [CH2]5CO - NH - [CH2]5CO - ... + nH2O
Hay vet gon la :

T
(- HN[CH2]5CO -)n + n H2O
n H2N[CH2]5COOH
IV- NG DUNG
- Aminoaxit thien nhien (hau het la - aminoaxit) la c s

e kien tao nen cac loai protein cua c the song.
- Mot so amino axit c dung pho bien trong i song nh
muoi mononatri cua axit glutamic dung lam gia v thc an
(goi la m chnh hay bot ngot); axit glutamic la thuoc ho tr
than kinh, methionin la thuoc bo gan.
- Axit 6 - aminohexanoic va axit 6 - aminoheptanoic la
nguyen lieu dung san xuat nilon -6 va nilon - 7.
IV. Cung co bai:

2- Viet ptp cua cac aminoaxit cu the khac.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Peptit va protein: nghien cu trc noi dung bai.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 24-09-2008.

Tiet 22.
Bai 13.
PEPTIT VA PROTEIN.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Khai niem peptit, cac loai peptit.
- Cau tao phan t peptit, danh phap peptit.
- Tnh chat cua peptit.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an .
II. Bai mi.
Hoat ong cua thay va tro Noi dung ghi bang.
A - PEPTIT
Hoat ong 1.
SGK, thao luan, neu khai
niem lien ket peptit, khai
niem peptit.
luan, neu khai niem lien ket
peptit, khai niem peptit.
Hoat ong 2.
SGK, thao luan, neu cac loai
peptit.
luan, neu cac loai peptit.
Hoat ong 3.
GV: Neu cau tao phan t
cua peptit.
I- KHAI NIEM VA PHAN LOAI
1. Khai niem
- Lien ket cua nhom CO vi nhom NH gia hai n v - amino
axit c goi la lien ket peptit.
- Peptit la nhng hp chat cha t 2 en 50 goc - amino axit lien
ket vi nhau bang cac lien ket peptit.
2 . Phan loai
Cac peptit c chia lam 2 loai
a. Oligopeptit gom cac peptit co t 2 en 10 goc - amino axit va
c goi tng ng la ipeptit, tripeptit,... ecapeptit.
b. Polipeptit gom cac peptit co t 11 en 50 goc - amino axit.
Popipeptit la c s tao nen protein
II. CAU TAO, ONG PHAN VA DANH PHAP
1. Cau tao
- Phan t peptit hp thanh t cac goc - amino axit noi vi nhau
bi lien ket peptit theo mot trat t nhat nh : amino axit au N con
nhom NH2, amino axit au C cua nhom COOH.
H2NCH CONHCHCONHCHCO....NHCHCOOH
R1
R2
R3
Rn
au N
Lien ket peptit
au C
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Trnh bay cho Hs p
cua peptit, cach goi ten
peptit, phan tch v du. Yeu
cau Hs ap dung cho vai
peptit tao ra t
Axit aminoetanoic, Axit
2- aminopropanoic, Axit - 2
amino-3-metylbutanoic
HS: Ap dung viet CTCT va
ten goi vai peptit tng ng.
Hoat ong 5.
GV: Trnh bay cho Hs cac
p quan trong cua peptit.
Yeu cau Hs nam bat cac p,
neu ng dung cua p mau
biure, viet ptp thuy phan.
HS: Neu ng dung cua p
2. ong phan, danh phap

- Moi phan t peptit gom mot so xac nh cac goc - amino axit
lien ket vi nhau theo mot trat t nghiem nghat. Viec thay oi trat
t o se dan ti cac peptit ong phan.
Th du :
H2NCH2 CONHCHCOOH ; H2NCHCONHCH2 COOH
CH3
CH3
- Neu phan t peptit cha n goc - amino axit khac nhau th so

ong phan loai peptit se la n !
- Ten cua cac peptit c hnh thanh bang cach ghep ten goc axyl
cua cac - amino axit bat au t au N, roi ket thuc bang ten cua
axit au C (c gi nguyen)
III- TNH CHAT
1. Tnh chat vat l

Cac peptit thng the ran, co nhiet o nong chay cao va de tan
trong nc.
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc
Do peptit co cha cac lien ket peptit nen no co hai phan ng ien
hnh la phan ng thuy phan va phan ng mau biure.
a. Phan ng mau biure
mau biure, viet ptp thuy

phan.
Dd peptit hoa tan Cu(OH)2 tao ra dd phc chat co mau tm ac

trng.
ipeptit ch co mot lien ket peptit nen khong co phan ng nay.
b. Phan ng thuy phan
Peptit a b thuy phan thanh hon hp cac - amino axit khi un
nong dung dch peptit vi axit hoac kiem
R1
R2
R3
Rn
+ 0
H ,t
+ nH2O
H2NCHCOOH +H2NCHCOOH
R1
R2
+ H2NCHCOOH+.... + H2N CH COOH
R3
Rn
III. Cung co bai:

2- Lam bai tap ve peptit trang 75 SGK.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Peptit va protein: nghien cu trc noi dung bai phan con lai.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 25-09-2008.

Tiet 23.
Bai 13.
PEPTIT VA PROTEIN.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Khai niem protein, cac loai protein.
- ac iem cau truc phan t protein.
- Tnh chat cua protein.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: Giao an + Th nghiem: Long trang trng vi HNO3, vi Cu(OH)2, s ong tu protein.
2. HS: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc + Mang trng e lay long trang.
II. Bai mi.
Hoat ong cua thay va tro Noi dung ghi bang.
B PROTEIN
IKHA
I
NIE
M
VA
PHA
N
LOA
I
Hoat ong 1.
GV: Yeu cau Hs nghien cu + Protein la nhng polipeptit. cao phan t co phan t khoi t vai chuc
nghn en vai trieu.
+ Protein c phan thanh 2 loai :
niem va cac loai protein.
- Protein n gian la nhng protein c tao thanh ch t cac
goc - amino axit.
luan, neu khai niem va cac
- Protein phc tap la nhng protein c tao thanh t protein n gian
loai protein.
cong vi thanh phan phi protein, nh axit nucleic, lipit,
cacbohirat,...
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Neu cau tao phan t
cua peptit.
II- S LC VE CAU TRUC PHAN T PROTEIN
+ Phan t protein c cau tao t mot hau nhieu chuoi polipeptit ket hp
vi nhau hoac vi cac thanh phan phi protein khac.
+ Cac phan t protein khac nhau ve ban chat cac mat xch - amino
axit, so lng va trat t sap xep cua chung, nen trong cac sinh vat t
khoang tren 20 - amino axit thien nhien a tao ra mot lng rat ln cac
protein khac nhau.
+ ac tnh sinh l cua protein phu thuoc vao cau truc cua chung. Co bon
bac cau truc cua phan t protein : cau truc bac I, bac II, bac III va bac
IV.
+ Cau truc bac I la trnh t sap xep cac n v - amino axit trong mach
protein.Cau truc nay c gi vng chu yeu nh lien ket peptit.
III- TNH CHAT CUA PROTEIN
Hoat ong 3.
SGK, thao luan, neu tnh
chat vat l cua protein.
luan, neu tnh chat vat l cua
protein.
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Trnh bay cho Hs cac
p quan trong cua peptit.
Yeu cau Hs nam bat cac p,
viet ptp thuy phan, neu ng
dung cua cac p mau.
HS: Viet ptp thuy phan,
neu ng dung cua cac p
mau.
GV: Yeu cau Hs lam th
nghiem chng minh phan
ng mau cua protein, so
sanh vi peptit.
HS: Lam th nghiem chng
minh phan ng mau cua
protein, so sanh vi peptit.
GV: Giai thch cho Hs cac
1.Tnh chat vat l

* Dang ton tai
Protein ton tai hai dang chnh : Dang hnh si va dang hnh cau.
Dang protein hnh si nh keratin cua toc, mong, sng ; miozin cua c
bap, fibroin cua t tam, mang nhen.
Dang protein hnh cau nh anbumin cua long trng trang, hemoglobin
cua mau.
*Tnh tan : Tnh tan cua cac loai protein rat khac nhau. Protein hnh si
hoan toan khong tan trong nc trong khi protein hnh cau tan trong nc
tao thanh dung dch keo nh anbumin (long trng trang), hemoglobin
(mau).
*S ong tu : Khi un nong hoac cho axit, baz hay mot so muoi vao
dung dch protein, protein se ong tu lai, tach ra khoi dung dch. Ta goi
o la s ong tu protein.
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc
a. Phan ng thuy phan
Khi un nong protein vi dung dch axit, dung dch baz hoac nh xuc
tac cua enzim, cac lien ket peptit trong phan t protein b phan cat dan,
tao thanh ca chuoi polipetit va cuoi cung thanh hon hp cac - amino
axit.
R1
R2
R3
Rn
H + ,t0
+ nH2O
R1
R2
R3
Rn
b. Phan ng mau
* Phan ng vi HNO3 ac
+ Dd protein tac dung vi dd axit nitric ac tao ket tua mau vang
+ Giai thch: Nhom HOC6H4 cua mot so goc amino axit trong protein
a phan ng vi HNO3 cho hp chat mi mang nhom NO2 co mau vang,
ong thi protein b ong tu bi HNO3 thanh ket tua.
hien tng gay bi cac p

nao, thanh phan cau tao nao
trong phan t.
Hoat ong 5.
niem, tac dung cua enzim.
luan, neu khai niem, tac
dung cua enzim.
NO2
OH + 2HNO3
OH + 2H2O
NO2
* Phan ng vi Cu(OH)2 (phan ng biure)

+ Dd protein tac dung vi Cu(OH)2 tao dd mau tm ac trng
+ Giai thch: Cu(OH)2 a phan ng vi hai nhom peptit (CO NH) cho
san pham co mau tm
IV- KHAI NIEM VE ENZIM VA AXIT NUCLEIC
1.Enzim
+ Enzim la nhng chat hau het co ban chat protein, co kha nang xuc tac
cho cac qua trnh hoa hoc, ac biet trong c the sinh vat. o la nhng
chat xuc tac sinh hoc.
+Ten cua cac enzim xuat phat t ten cua cac phan ng, ten cua chat
phan ng hoac to hp hai ten o them uoi aza.
+ Xuc tac enzim co hai ac iem :
- Hoat ong xuc tac cua enzim co tnh chon loc rat cao, moi enzim ch
xuc tac cho mot s chuyen hoa nhat nh.
Hoat ong 6.
- Toc o cua phan ng nh xuc tac enzim rat ln, thng gap t
109 - 1011 lan toc o cua cung phan ng nh xuc tac hoa hoc.
SGK, ket hp vi cac kien
2 . Axit nucleic
thc a hoc ben Sinh hoc ve + Trong nhan va nguyen sinh chat cua te bao co cac protein phc tap goi
axit nucleic, thao luan, neu
la nucleoprotein ma khi thuy phan th cho protein n gian va axit
khai niem, cau tao, tac dung nucleic. Axit nucleic co vai tro quan trong bac nhat trong cac hoat ong
song cua c the, nh s tong hp protein, s chuen cac thong tin di
cua axit nucleic.
truyen.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, ket
hp vi cac kien thc a hoc + Axit nucleic la polieste cua axit photphoric va pentoz (monosacarit co
5C) ; moi pentoz lai lien ket vi mot baz nit (o la cac hp chat d
ben Sinh hoc ve axit nucleic,
vong cha nit c k hieu A, X, G, T, U). Neu pentoz la riboz, axit
thao luan, neu khai niem,
nucleic c k hieu la ARN. Neu pentoz la eoxiriboz, axit nucleic
cau tao, tac dung cua axit
c k hieu la ADN.
nucleic.
+ Moi chuoi ADN gom hang ngan mat xch, moi mat xch gom mot goc
eoxiriboz, mot goc photphat va mot goc baz nit. Hai chuoi ADN
xoan kep lai thanh phan t ADN nh lien ket hiro gia cac cap baz
nit(A...T, G...X)
+ Phan t khoi cua ADN rat ln, vao khoang 4 - 8 trieu. Phan t khoi cua
ARN nho hn cua ADN. Phan t ARN thng ton tai dang xoan n,
oi cho co xoan kep.
+ ADN la vat lieu di truyen cap o phan t mang thong tin di truyen
ma hoa cho hoat ong sinh trng va phat trien cua cac c the song.
ARN chu yeu nam trong te bao chat, tham gia vao qua trnh giai ma
thong tin di truyen.
...
O CH2 O
Baz nit
O
O
P O CH2 O
O
Baz nit
O
O
O CH2
Baz nit
O
O
P O ...
O
Cau truc xoan kep cua ADN
Cau truc cua mot chuoi ADN
III. Cung co bai:

2- Lam bai tap ve protein trang 75 SGK.
IV. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Luyen tap cau tao va tnh chat cua amin, aminoaxit, protein.
- On lai cac kien thc l thuyet.
- Lam cac bai tap trong bai luyen tap.
********************************************
Ngay soan: 26-09-2008.

Tiet 24.
Bai 4: LUYEN TAP
CAU TAO VA TNH CHAT CUA AMIN, AMINO AXIT, PROTEIN
A .Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: Cung co cau tao tao va tnh chat cua amin, aminoaxit, protein.
2. K nang: He thong hoa kien thc, van dung kien thc lam cac bai tap hoa hoc
B. Phng phap chu yeu : Thao luan, hoat ong nhom.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an.
2. HS : On lai cac kien thc l thuyet + Lam cac bai tap trong bai luyen tap.
II. Kiem tra bi c : Ket hp vi luyen tap
III. Bi mi.
Noi dung bai hoc
Hoat ong 1
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu lai
CTCT, tnh chat hoa hoc
quan trong cua amin,
aminoaxit, protein, cac phan
ng minh hoa.
HS: Hs neu lai CTCT, tnh
chat hoa hoc quan trong cua
amin, aminoaxit, protein,
cac phan ng minh hoa.
I. KIEN THC CAN NH
1.Cau tao phan t

R - NH2
RCHCOOH
NH2
- amino axit
Amin
H2NCH CO .... NHCHCOOH

R1
Rn
peptit
2. Tnh chat
a. Tnh chat cua nhom NH2
+ Tnh baz : RNH2 + H2O [RNH3]+OHTac dung vi axit cho muoi : RNH2 + HCl [RNH3]+Cl+ Tac dung vi HNO2
- Amin beo bac I tao thanh ancol:
5 C
RNH2 + HONO 0
ROH + N2 + H2O
- Amin thm bac I :
- 2H2O
ArNH2 + HNO2
ArN2+Cl- hay ArN2Cl
+ Tac dung vi dan xuat halogen :
RNH2 + CH3I RNHCH3 + HI
b. Amino axit co tnh chat cua nhom COOH
+ Tnh axit: RCH(NH2)COOH+NaOHRCH(NH2)COONa +H2O
+ Phan ng este hoa
HCl
RCH(NH2)COOH + ROH
RCH(NH2)COOR + H2O
0
c. Amino axit co phan ng gia nhom COOH va NH2

+ Tao muoi noi (ion lng cc) :
H2N - CH(R) - COOH
H3N+ - CH(R) - COO+ Phan ng trung ngng cua cac - va - amino axit tao poliamit:
t
nH2N - [CH2]5 - COOH
( NH - [CH2]5 - CO )n + nH2O
d. Proteinco phan ng cua nhom peptit CO - NH
+ Phan ng thuy phan :
R1
R2
R3
Rn
H + ,t0
+ nH2O
R1
R2
R3
Rn
+ Phan ng mau: Tac dung vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch mau tm
e. Anilin co phan ng the de dang 3 nguyen t cua vong

benzen
NH2
Br
(dd)
NH2
Br
+ 3H B r
3B r 2 (dd)
Br
(tran g)
Hoat ong 2
II. BAI TAP
Bai 1:
a- S
b-
c-
d- S
lam bai tap SGK trang
79,80.
Bai 2:
HS: Thao luan, lam bai tap. Da vao cau truc, cau tao cua amin, aminoaxit, polipeptit,
protein, neu s giong va khac nhau gia chung ve cau tao, ve tnh
GV : Yeu cau Hs trnh bay
chat,
bai len bang.
HS: Trnh bay bai len bang. Bai 3:
GV: Yeu cau Hs khac nhan Da vao cac phan ng ac trng.
Bai 4:
xet bo xung.
Da vao phan ng thuy phan peptit.
HS : Nhan xet bo xung.
Bai 5.
GV : Nhan xet, bo sung,
Da vao phan ng mau cua protein.
chnh sa, nhan manh cac
Bai 6.
kien thc va k nang quan
Tnh theo cong thc hoa hoc
trong trong moi bai.
IV. Cung co bai :
1. Nhan manh kthc, k nang quan trong.
2. Khai quat dang bai va phng phap giai.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoan thanh bai tap luyen tap.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Bai thc hanh 2: - Xem cach lam cac th nghiem, d oan hien tng.
- Mang trng e lay long trang.
******************************************
Ngay soan: 26-09-2008.

Tiet 25.
Bi 15. Bi thc hnh 2.

MOT SO TNH CHAT CUA AMIN, AMINOAXIT VA PROTEIN.
A. Muc tieu.
1. Kien thc: Cung co, chng minh tnh chat cua cua amin, aminoaxit, protein.
2. K nang: Ren k nang lam th nghiem, k nang van dung kien thc e giai thch hien tng
th nghiem.
B. Phng phap chu yeu: Hs lam th nghiem thc hanh.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV: a. Giao an.
b. Dung cu va hoa chat: Ong nghiem, kep ong nghiem, NaOH, CuSO4, nc Br2, qu tm,
metyl da cam, glyxin.
2. HS: - Cach tien hanh cac th nghiem, d oan hien tng.
- Mang trng e lay long trang.
I. Kiem tra s so, on nh lp: Chia thanh 4 nhom th nghiem.
II. Kiem tra bai chuan b cua Hs:
- Neu cach tien hanh cac th nghiem, d oan hien tng.
- Kiem tra hoa chat Hs chuan b.
III. Hs lam th nghiem, ghi lai cac hien tng quan sat c.
GV quan sat, ho tr khi can
IV. Thu don, ve sinh PTN.
V. Hng dan ve nha.
1. Lam tng trnh th nghiem theo mau qui nh.
2. Chuan b bai sau: ai cng ve polime: Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc.
VI. Nhan xet, anh gia, rut kinh nghiem gi thc hanh.
- Y thc k luat trong PTN.
- Nhom co ket qua tot, cha tot. Nguyen nhan.
VII. Cac chu y trong cac th nghiem:
1.Th nghiem 1: Phan ng brom hoa anilin
Cho vao ong nghiem 0,5 ml anilin bao hoa va 1 ml dung dch nc brom bao hoa, lac eu.
Ghi lai hien tng.
2.Th nghiem 2: Phan ng cua glyxin vi chat ch th
Cho 1 ml dd glyxin 2% vao ong nghiem, nho tiep vao o 2 giot dd metyl da cam
Nhung giay quy va dd glyxin 2%).
Ghi lai hien tng.
3.Th nghiem 3: Phan ng mau cua protein vi Cu(OH)2
Cho vao ong nghiem 1 ml dd protein (long trang trng), 1 ml dung dch NaOH 30% va 1 giot
dung dch CuSO4 2%,lac nhe. Ghi lai hien tng.
******************************************************************************
Chng 4 POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME

Tiet 26.
Bai 16. AI CNG VE POLIME.
Ngay soan: 03-10-2008.
A .Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: Hs biet:- Khai niem polime, cac loai polime, cach goi ten cac polime.
- Cau truc cua polime.
- Tnh chat cua polime: p gi nguyen mach.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an.
2. HS : Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc.
II. Kiem tra bi c : Ket hp vi bai hoc.
III. Bi mi.
Noi dung ghi bang.
I- KHAI NIEM, PHAN LOAI VA DANH PHAP
Hoat ong 1.
SGK, thao luan, neu cac
khai niem: polime, he so
polime hoa, monome.
luan, neu cac khai niem:
polime, he so polime hoa,
monome.
Hoat ong 2.
SGK, thao luan, neu cach
phan loai, cac loai polime,
neu v du.
luan, neu cach phan loai, cac
loai polime, neu v du.
Hoat ong 3.
GV: Neu qui tac goi ten
polime, yeu cau Hs ap dung
goi ten mot so polime
HS: Ap dung goi ten mot so
polime
1. Khai niem
- Polime la nhng hp chat co phan t khoi rat ln do nhieu n v
nho (goi la mat xch) lien ket vi nhau.
Th du : ( CH2 - CH2 )n , ( NH - [CH2]5 - CO )n
- He so polime hoa hay o polime hoa: n.
Polime thng la hon hp cua cac phan t co he so polime hoa
khac nhau, nen con dung khai niem hoa trung bnh.
- Monome: la cac phan t tao nen tng mat xch cua.
Hoat ong 4.
SGK, thao luan, neu cac
dang cau truc cua polime,
cho v du moi loai.
luan, neu cac dang cau truc
cua polime, cho v du moi
loai.
II- CAU TRUC
Hoat ong 5.
SGK, lien he thc te, thao
luan, neu tnh chat vat l cua
polime.
Gi y: t cac ng dung.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, lien
he thc te, thao luan, neu
2 . Phan loai
Ngi ta co the phan loai polime theo nhng cach sau ay:
+ Theo nguon goc: co polime thien nhien, polime tong va polime
nhan tao hay ban tong hp
+ Theo cach tong hp: co polime trung hp va polime trung ngng
+ Theo cau truc: co dang mach khong nhanh, mach phan nhanh,
va mang khong gian.
3 . Danh phap
+ Ten cua polime = Poli + ten monome tng ng.
+ Neu ten monome gom 2 t tr len hoac polime tao bi t hai
monome th ten monome phai e trong ngoac n.
+ Mot so polime co ten rieng (ten thong thng)
1. Cac dang cau truc polime

Cac mac xch cua polime co the noi vi nhau thanh mach khong
nhanh, mach phan nhanh nh, mang khong gian
2. Cau tao ieu hoa va khong ieu hoa
- Neu cac mac xch trong mach polime noi vi nhau theo mot trat
t nhat nh, ngi ta noi polime co cau tao ieu hoa.
- Neu cac mac xch trong mach polime noi vi nhau khong theo
mot trat t nhat nh, ngi ta noi polime co cau tao khong ieu
hoa.
II- TNH CHAT
1. Tnh chat vat l

Hau het cac polime la nhng chat ran, khong bay hi, khong co
nhiet o nong chay xac nh ma nong chay mot khoang nhiet o
kha rong. a so polime khi nong chay, cho chat long nht, e
nguoi se ran lai, chung c goi la chat nhiet deo. Mot so polime
khong nong chay ma b phan huy khi un nong, goi la chat nhiet
ran.
tnh chat vat l cua polime.
Hoat ong 6.
GV: Neu cac p, neu p gi
nguyen mach, yeu cau Hs
hoan thanh p vd.
HS: Hoan thanh p vd.
- a so polime khong tan trong cac dung moi thong thng, mot so
tan c trong dung moi thch hp tao ra dung dch nht, th du :
cao su tan trong benzen, toluen,...
- Nhieu polime co tnh deo, mot so khac co tnh an hoi, so khac
na co the keo c thanh si dai ben.Co polime trong suot ma
khong gion. Nhieu polime co tnh cach ien, cach nhiet hoac co
tnh ban dan (poliaxetilen, polithiophen).
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc
Polime co the tham gia phan ng gi nguyen mach, phan cat mach
va khau mach.
a. Phan ng gi nguyen mach.
+ Cac nhom the nh vao mach polime co the tham gia phan ng
ma khong lam thay oi mach polime .
Th du Poli( vinyl axetat ) b thuy phan cho poli( vinyl ancol)
t
( CH2 - CH )n + nNaOH
( CH2 - CH )n + nCH3COONa
OOC-CH3
OH
+ Nhng polime co lien ket oi trong mach co the tham gia phan
ng cong vao lien ket oi ma khong lam thay oi mach polime .
Th du Cao su tac dung vi HCl cho cao su hiroclo hoa:
0
CH2
CH2
C= C
CH3
nHCl
H
CH2
H2C Cl
C-C
CH3
H H
IV. Cung co bai :

1- Nhan manh kthc, k nang quan trong.
2- Hs thao luan, lam bai tap 1,2,3, 5 SGK trang 89,90.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Phan con lai cua bai:Nghien cu bai hoc, on lai p trung hp, trung ngng.
******************************************
Tiet 27.
Bai 16. AI CNG VE POLIME.
Ngay soan: 04-10-2008.
A .Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: Hs biet: - Tnh chat cua polime: P khau mach, p phan cat mach.
- P trung hp, trung ngng tao polime.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an.
2. HS : Nghien cu trc noi dung bai hoc, on lai p trung hp, trung ngng.
III. Bi mi.
Noi dung ghi bang.
II- TNH CHAT.
Hoat ong 1.
GV: Neu cac p phan cat
mach polime, yeu cau Hs
cho v du, viet cac ptp minh
hoa.
HS: Cho v du, viet cac ptp
minh hoa cho moi trng
hp a neu.
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Trnh bay va viet ptp
v du cho Hs ve p khau
mach polime. Neu tac dung
cua p.
2. Tnh chat hoa hoc.

b. Phan ng phan cat mach polime
- Mot so polime b thuy phan: Tinh bot, xeluloz, protein, nilon...
- Mot so polime b nhiet phan: Stiren, caosu thien nhien.
- Polime trung hp b nhiet phan hay quang phan thanh cac oan
nho va cuoi cung la monome ban au, goi la phan ng giai trung
hp hay epolime hoa.
c. Phan ng khau mach polime
- Khi hap nong cao su tho vi S th thu c cao su lu hoa, trong
o, cac mach polime c noi vi nhau bi cac cau noi - S-S -.
- Khi un nong nha rezol thu c nha rezit, trong o cac mach
polime c khau vi nhau bi cac nhom - CH2 - :
OH
CH2OH
OH
OH
CH2
CH2
150 C
CH2
CH2
OH
CH2
nH2O
rezol
rezit
Polime khau mach co cau truc mang khong gian do o tr nen kho
nong chay, kho tan va ben hn so vi polime cha khau mach.
IV- IEU CHE
Co the ieu che polime bang phan ng trung hp hoac trung ngng.
1. Phan ng trung hp
Hoat ong 3.
-Trung hp la qua trnh ket hp nhieu phan t nho (monome),
GV: Yeu cau Hs viet ptp
giong nhau hay tng t nhau thanh phan t rat ln (polime )
trung hp C2H4, C2H3Cl,
Buta-1,3-ien. T o dan dat - ieu kien can ve cau tao cua monome tham gia phan ng trung
Hs en khai niem trung hp, hp la trong phan t phai co lien ket hoac la vong kem ben.
- Ngi ta phan biet phan ng trung hp tthng (ch cua mot loai
k cua monome e co the
monome nh tren) va phan ng ong trung hp cua mot hon hp
trung hp.
monome.
HS: Viet ptp trung hp
xt ,t , p
nCH2 = CHCl
( CH2 - CHCl )n
C2H4, C2H3Cl, Buta-1,3vinyl clorua(VC)
poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC)
ien. T o khai quat, neu
khai niem trung hp, k cua
0
monome e co the trung

hp.
CH2 - CH2 - C = O
n H2C
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Yeu cau Hs viet ptp
trung ngng H2N[CH2]5COOH,
HOCH2CH2OH va
HOOCC6H4COOH. T o dan
dat Hs en khai niem trung

ngng, k cua monome e
co the trung ngng.
HS: Viet ptp trung ngng
cac monome tren. T o
khai quat, neu khai niem
trung ngng, k cua
monome e co the trung
ngng.
xt,t
CH2 - CH2 - NH
caprolactam
( NH[CO2]5CO )
n
capron
2. Phan ng trung ngng

- Trung ngng la qua trnh ket hp nhieu phan t nho (monome)
thanh phan t rat ln (polime) ong thi giai phong nhng phan t
nho khac (nh H2O,...)
- ieu kien can e co phan ng trung ngng : Cac monome tham
gia phan ng trung ngng phai co t nhat hai nhom chc co kha
nang phan ng e tao c lien ket vi nhau.
0
t
nH2N - [CH2]5 - COOH
( NH - [CH2]5 - CO )n + nH2O
axit ( - aminocaproic
policaproamit(nilon -6)
n(p - HOOC- C6H4 - COOH) + nHO - CH2 - CH2 - OH
axit terephtaric
etylen glycol
( CO - C6H4 - CO - O -CH2 -CH2 - O )n + 2nH2O
poli(etylen - terephtarat)
IV. Cung co bai :

2- Hs thao luan, lam bai tap 4, 6, 7, 8 SGK trang 90.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Vat lieu polime: Nghien cu bai hoc phan I, II.
******************************************
Tiet 28.
Bai 17. VAT LIEU POLIME.
Ngay soan: 08-10-2008.
A .Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: Hs biet:- Khai niem ve chat deo, t, vat lieu compozit.
- Mot so chat deo, t tong hp quan trong: ieu che, tnh chat, ng dung.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an.
III. Bi mi.
Hoat ong cua thay va
Noi dung ghi bang.
tro
I- CHAT DEO
Hoat ong 1.
1. Khai niem
- Tnh deo la tnh b bien dang khi chu tac dung cua nhiet, ap lc
ben ngoai va van gi c s bien dang o khi thoi tac dung.
cac khai niem tnh deo,
- Chat deo la nhng vat lieu polime co tunh deo.
chat deo, thanh phan cua
- Thanh phan cua chat deo: polime, chat hoa deo, chat on e, chat
chat deo.
mau, chat on nh,...
HS: Nghien cu SGK,
thao luan, neu cac khai
niem tnh deo, chat deo,
thanh phan cua chat deo.
Hoat ong 2.
ten, p ieu che, tnh chat,
ng dung cua PE, PVC,
PPF,
Poli(metyl metacrylat),
lien he thc te.
luan, neu ten, p ieu che,
tnh chat, ng dung cua PE,
2. Mot so polime dung lam chat deo

a. Polietilen (PE)
, xt
nCH2 = CH2 t, p
( CH2 - CH2 )n
PE la chat deo mem, nong chay nhiet o ln hn 1100C, co tnh tr
tng oi cua ankan mach dai, dung lam mang mong, bnh cha, tui
ng,...
b. Poli(vinyl clorua) (PVC)
, xt
nCH2 = CHCl t, p
( CH2 - CHCl )n
PVC la chat vo nh hnh, cach ien tot, ben vi axit, dung lam vat
lieu ien, ong dan nc, vai che ma, da gia,..
c. Poli(metyl metacrylat)
0
PVC, PPF,
Poli(metyl metacrylat),
lien he thc te.
Poli(metyl metacrylat) c ieu che t metyl metacrylat bang phan

ng trung hp :
xt,t
nCH = C - COOCH3
CH3
CH -C
n
COOCH3
CH3
Poli(metyl metacrylat) co ac tnh trong suot cho anh sang truyen

qua tot (tren 90%) nen c dung e che tao thuy tinh hu c
plexiglas
Hoat ong 3.
GV: Thuyet trnh ve cau
tao, tnh chat va cac ng
dung cua nha novolac,
nha rezol, nha rezit.
d. Poli(phenol - fomanehit) (PPF)

PPF co 3 dang : nha novolac, nha rezol, nha rezit.
+ Nha novolac : un nong hon hp fomanehit va phenol lay d
vi xuc tac axit c nha novolac (mach khong phan nhanh)
OH
OH
CH2
OH
CH2
OH
CH2
CH2
OH
CH2
OH
Nha novolac la chat ran, de nong chay, de tan trong mot so dung
moi hu c, dung e san xuat vecni, sn,...
+ Nha rezol : un nong hon hp phenol va fomanehit theo t le
mol 1 : 1,2 vi xuc tac la kiem ta c nha rezol (mach khong phan
nhanh), nhng co mot so nhom CH2OH con t do v tr so 4 hoac
2 cua nhan phenol :
OH
HOCH2
OH
CH2
OH
CH2
CH2OH
Hoat ong 4.
GV: Thuyet trnh khai
niem, thanh phan, tnh
chat, ng dung cua vat lieu
copozit. Lien he thc te.
CH2 ...
CH2OH
HO
Nha rezol la chat ran, de nong chay, de trong nhieu dung moi hu
c, dung e san xuat sn, keo va nha rezit,..
+ Nha rezit : Khi un nong nha rezol nhiet o 1500C thu c
nha co cau truc mang li khong giangoi la nha rezit hay con goi
la bakelit. Nha rezit khong nong chay, khong tan trong nhieu dung
moi hu c. e che tao o vat, ngi ta tron vi phu gia ngay trong
khuon roi un nong en 1500C. Khi nguoi se thu c o vat vi hnh
dang nh san. Bang cach o ngi ta che tao ra c cac vo may,
cac dung cu cach ien,...
3. Khai niem ve vat lieu compozit
- Vat lieu compozit la vat lieu gom polime lam nha nen to hp vi
cac vat lieu vo c va hu c khac.
- Vat lieu compozit co tnh chat cua polime va cua chat on, nhng
o ben, o chu nhiet,... cua vat lieu tang len rat nhieu so vi polime
thanh phan.
- Thanh phan cua vat lieu compozit gom chat nen la polime va chat
on, ngoai racon co cac chat phu gia khac.
Cac chat nen co the la nha nhiet deo hay nha nhiet ran.
Chat on phan tan vao chat nen nhng chung khong tan vao nhau.
Chat on co the la chat si (bong, ay, si poliamit, amiang, si thuy
tinh,...) hoac chat bot (silicat, bot nhe (CaCO3), bot tan
(3MgO.4SiO2.2H2O)),...
Trong vat lieu compozit, polime va chat on tng hp tot vi nhau
lam tang tnh ran, ben, chu nhiet cua vat lieu.
Hoat ong 5.
khai niem t, cac loai t,
cho v du.
luan, neu khai niem t, cac
loai t, cho v du.
Hoat ong 6.
GV: Neu cac p tao t
nilon-6,6, t lapsan, t
nitron. Yeu cau Hs neu
tnh chat, ng dung cua
chung.
HS: Neu tnh chat, ng
dung cua t nilon-6,6, t
lapsan, t nitron.
II- T
1. Khai niem
- T la nhng vat lieu polime hnh si dai va manh vi o ben nhat
nh
- Trong t, nhng phan t polime co mach khong phan nhanh sep
song song vi nhau. Polime o phai ran, tng oi ben vi nhiet, vi
cac dung moi thong thng, mem, dai, khong oc va co kha nang
nhuom mau.
2.Phan loai
T c chia lam 2 loai :
a. T thien nhien: san co trong thien nhien
b. T hoa hoc: che tao bang phng phap hoa hoc, gom 2 loai:
- T tong hp: che tao t cac polime tong hp
- T ban tong hp hay t nhan tao: xuat phat t polime thien nhien
nhng c che bien them bang phng phap hoa hoc.
3. Mot so loai t tong hp thng gap
a. T nilon-6,6
- T nilon-6,6 thuoc loai t poliamit, c ieu che t
H2N[CH2]6NH2 va HOOC[CH2]4COOH
t
n H2N[CH2]6NH2 + nHOOC[CH2]4COOH
( HN[CH2]6NHOC[CH2]4CO )n + 2nH2O
poli(hexametylen-aipamit)(nilon-6,6)
- T nilon-6,6 co tnh dai ben, mem mai ong mt, t tham nc, giat
mau kho nhng kem ben vi nhiet, vi axit va kiem.
- T nilon-6,6 cung nh nhieu loai t poliamit khac c dung e det
vai may mac, vai lot sam lop xe, det bt tat, ben lam day cap, day du,
an li,...
b. T lapsan
- T lapsan thuoc loai t polieste c tong hp t axit terephtalic
va etylenglycol. T lapsan rat ben ve mat c hoc, ben i vi nhiet,
axit, kiem hn nilon, c dung e det vai may mac.
c. T nitron (hay olon)
T nitron thuoc loai t vinylic c tong hp t vinyl xianua (hay
acrilonitrin) nen c goi poliacrilonitrin :
, xt
nCH2 = CHCN t, p
( CH2 - CHCN )n
acrilonitrin
poliacrilonitrin
0
T nitron dai, ben vi nhiet va gi nhiet tot nen thng c dung e

det vai may quan ao hoac ben thanh si len an ao ret.
IV. Cung co bai :
2- Hs thao luan, lam bai tap 1, 2, 3 SGK trang 99.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Vat lieu polime: Nghien cu bai hoc phan con lai : Cao su va keo dan.
******************************************
Tiet 29.
Bai 17. VAT LIEU POLIME.
Ngay soan: 10-10-2008.
A .Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: Hs biet:- Khai niem ve cao su, keo dan.
- Mot so loai cao su, keo dan: ieu che, tnh chat, ng dung.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an.
III. Bi mi.
Hoat ong cua thay va
Noi dung ghi bang.
tro
III- CAO SU
Hoat ong 1.
1. Khai niem
- Tnh an hoi la t1inh ben dang khi chu lc tac dung ben ngoai va
tr lai dang ban au khi lc o thoi tac dung.
khai niem cao su.
- Cao su la vat lieu polime co tnh an hoi
HS: Nghien cu SGK,
- Co hai loai cao su : Cao su thien nhien va cao su tong hp.
thao luan, neu khai niem
cao su.
2. Cao su thien nhien
Hoat ong 2.
GV: Trnh bay cau tao cua Cao su thien nhien lay t mu cay cao su. Cay cao su co ten khoa
hoc la Heveabrasiliensis, co nguon goc t Nam M, c trong
cao su.
nhieu ni tren the gii va nhieu tnh nc ta.
Yeu cau Hs nghien cu
a) Cau truc
SGK, thao luan, lien he
- Cao su thien nhien la polime cua isopren : ( CH2 -C =CH -CH2 )n
thc te, neu tnh chat va
n = 1500 15000
CH3
ng dung cua cao su.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao - Nghien cu nhieu xa tia X cho biet cac mat xch isopren eu co
cau hnh cis nh sau :
luan, lien he thc te, neu
tnh chat va ng dung cua
cao su.
CH2
CH2
C= C
CH3
b) Tnh chat va ng dung

- Caosu thien nhien co tnh an hoi, khong dan nhiet va ien,
khong tham kh va nc, khong tan trong nc, etanol,...nhng tan
trong xang va benzen.
- Do co lien ket oi trong phan t polime, cao su thien nhien co the
tham gia cac phan ng cong H2, HCl, Cl2,... va ac biet co tac dung
vi lu huynh cho cao su lu hoa. Cao su lu hoa co tnh an hoi,
chu nhiet, lau mon, khong trong dung moi hu c .
- Bn cht ca qua trnh lu hoa (un nong 1500C hon hp cao su
va lu huynh vi t le khoang 97 : 3 ve khoi lng) la tao cau noi
SS gia cac mach phan t cao su lam cho chung tr thanh mang
khong gian.
- Cao su co tnh an hoi v mach phan t co cau hnh cis, co o gap
khuc ln. Bnh thng, cac mach phan t nay xoan lai hoac cuon
tron vo trat t. Khi b keo cang, cac mach phan t cao su duoi ra
theo chieu keo. Khi buong ra cac mach phan t lai tr ve hnh dang
ban au.
Hoat ong 3.
3. Cao su tong hp.
- Cao su tong hp la loai vat lieu polime tng t cao su thien
nhien, thng c ieu che t cac ankaien bang p trung hp.
p ieu che, tnh chat, ng - Co nhieu loai cao su tong hp, trong o co mot loai thong dung
dung cua cao su buna, cao sau ay :
su isopren.
a) Cao su buna
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao - Cao su buna chnh la polibutaien tong hp bang phan ng trung
luan, neu ten, p ieu che, hp buta -1,3 - ien co mat Na:
Na , p ,t
tnh chat, ng dung cua cao nCH2 = CH - CH = CH2
( CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 )n
su buna, cao su isopren.
- Cao su buna co tnh an hoi va o ben kem cao su thien nhien .
- Khi ong trung hp buta - 1,3 - ien vi stiren C6H5CH = CH2 co
mat Na, ta c cao su buna S co tnh an hoi cao; ong trung hp
buta - 1,3 - ien vi acrilonitrin CNCH = CH2 co mat Na, ta c
cao su buna N co tnh chong dau cao.
b) Cao su isopren
- Khi trung hp isopren co he xuc tac ac biet, ta c poliisopren
goi la cao su isopren : ( CH2 - C = CH - CH2 )n
CH3
-Tng t ngi ta con san xuat policloropren
( CH2 - CCl = CH - CH2 )n va polifloropren ( CH2 -CF =CH-CH2)n
Cac polime nay eu co tnh an hoi nen c goi la cao su
cloropren va cao su floropren . Chung ben vi dau m hn cao su
isopren.
0
III- KEO DAN
Hoat ong 4.
khai niem keo dan, cac
loai keo dan.
HS: Nghien cu SGK,
thao luan, neu khai niem
keo dan, cac loai keo dan.
1. Khai niem
- Keo dan (keo dan tong hp hoac keo dan t nhien) la loai vat lieu
co kha nang ket dnh hai manh vat lieu giong nhau ma khong lam
bien oi ban chat cac vat lieu c ket dnh.
- Ban chat cua keo dan la co the tao ra mang het sc mong, ben
vng (ket dnh noi) va bam chac vao hai manh vat lieu c dan
(ket dnh ngoai).
2. Phan loai
Co the phan loai keo dan theo hai cach thong thng sau:
a) Theo ban chat hoa hoc, co keo dan hu c nh ho tinh bot, keo
epoxi,... va keo dan vo c nh thuy tinh long, matit vo c (hon hp
deo cua thuy tinh long vi cac oxit kim loai nh ZnO, MnO,
Sb2O3,...)
b) Theo dang keo, co keo long (nh dung dch ho tinh bot trong
nc nong, dung dch cao su trong xang,...), keo nha deo (nh
matit vo c, matit hu c, bitum,...) va keo dan dang bot hay ban
mong (chay ra nhiet o thch hp va gan ket hai manh vat lieu lai
khi e nguoi).
3. Mot so loai keo dan tong hp thong dung
a) Keo dan epoxi
Keo dan epoxi gom 2 hp phan : hp phan chnh la hp chat hu c
cha 2 nhom epoxi hai au.
Th du :
Hoat ong 5.
GV: Trnh bay cau tao cua
keo dan epoxi.
SGK, thao luan, neu ng
CH3
CH3
dung, cach dung cua keo
CH2 - CH- CH2- O
C
C
O - CH2 - CH - CH2
O-CH2-CH-CH2-O
dan epoxi.
CH
CH
3
OH
3
O
n
O
n = 5 - 12
luan, neu ng dung, cach
Hp phan th hai goi la chat ong ran, thng la cac tri amin nh
dung cua keo dan epoxi.
H2NCH2CH2NHCH2CH2NH2.
Khi can dan mi tron 2 thanh phan tren vi nhau. Cac nhom amin
se phan ng vi cac nhom epoxi tao ra polime mang khong gian
ben chac gan ket 2 vat can dan lai.
Keo dan epoxi dung e dan cac vat lieu kim loai, go thuy tinh, chat
deo trong cac nganh san xuat oto, may bay, xay ng va trong i
song hang ngay.
b) Keo dan ure - fomanehit
Hoat ong 6.
GV: Trnh bay p tao keo Keo dan ure - fomanehit c san xuat t poli(ure - fomanehit).
Poli(ure - fomanehit) c ieu che t ure va fomanehit trong
dan ure fomanehit.
moi trng axit :
H ,t
n NH2 -CO -NH2 + n CH2O
n NH2 - CO -NH - CH2OH
SGK, thao luan, neu ng
H ,t
( NH - CO -NH - CH2 )n + nH2O

dung, cach dung cua keo
poli(ure - fomanehit)
dan ure - fomanehit.
HS: Nghien cu SGK, thao Khi dung, phai them chat ong ran nh axit oxalic HOOC-COOH,
+
luan, neu ng dung, cach

dung cua keo dan ure fomanehit.
Hoat ong 6.
GV: Trnh bay kien thc
ve nha va sam, keo ho
tinh bot.
axit lactic CH3CH(OH)COOH,... e tao polime mang khong gian,

ran lai, ben vi dau m va mot so dung moi thong dung. Keo ure fomanehit dung e dan cac vat lieu bang go, chat deo.
4. Mot so loai keo dan t nhien
a) Nha va sam
Nha va sam la dung dch dang keo cua cao su thien nhien trong
dung moi hu c nh toluen, xilen,... dung e noi hai au sam va va
cho thung cua sam. Hien nay con co nhieu loai nha va sam la keo
dan tong hp chat lng cao.
b) Keo ho tinh bot
Trc kia ngi ta thng nau tinh bot san hoac tinh bot gao nep
thanh ho tinh bot lam keo dan giay. Keo ho tinh bot hay b thiu,
moc nen ngay nay ngi ta thay bang keo dan tong hp, chang han
nh keo che t poli(vinyl ancol).
IV. Cung co bai :

2- Hs thao luan, lam bai tap 4, 5 SGK trang 99.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
2. Chuan b bai sau: Luyen tap.
******************************************
Tiet 30.
2008.
Bai 18. LUYEN TAP
Ngay soan: 15-10-
POLIME VA VAT LIEU POLIME.
A .Muc tieu:
1. Kien thc: - Cung co khai niem ve cau truc va tnh chat cua polime.
- Cung co cac khai niem ve vat lieu polime.
C. Chuan b:
1. GV : Giao an.
2. HS : On tap lai cac kien thc ve polime, ve chat deo.
Chuan b bai tap trong SGK.
III. Bi mi.
Ni dung ghi bng
I- KIEN THC CAN NH
Hoat ong 1:
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu nh ngha

polime, khai niem he so polime hoa,
cac loai polime, cac p tao polime, cau
truc phan t polime.
HS: Nh lai va neu nh ngha polime,
khai niem he so polime hoa, cac loai
polime, cac p tao polime, cau truc
phan t polime.
1. Khai niem ve polime.

- Polime la nhng hp chat ....
- He so polime hoa hay o polime hoa.....
- Cac loai polime: thien nhien, tong hp, nhan tao.
- P tao polime: p trung hp va p trung ngng.
2. Cau truc.
- Phan t polime co the ton tai dang mach khong
phan nhanh, dang mach phan nhanh va dang mach
phan gian.
- Phan t polime co cau tao ieu hoa hoac khong ieu
hoa.
3. Tnh chat
Hoat ong 2:
a. Tnh chat vat l.
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu t.chat vat l cua
polime, cac ng dung cua cac t.chat o. Hau het cac polime la chat ran, khong bay hi, khong
co nhiet o nong chay xac nh, mot so tabn trong cac
HS: Neu t.chat vat l cua polime, cac
dung moi hu c. a so polime co tnh deo; mot so
ng dung cua cac t.chat o.
polime co tnh an hoi, mot so co tnh dai, ben, co
the keo thanh si.
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu t.chat hoa hoc cua b. Tnh chat hoa hoc.
+ P gi nguyen mach polime: cong vao lien ket oi
polime, cac tac dung cua cac p cua
hoac thay the cac nhom chc ngoai mach.
polime.
HS: Neu t.chat hoa hoc cua polime, cac + P cat mach polime: p giai trung hp nhiet o
cao, p thuy.
tac dung cua cac p cua polime.
+ P khau mach polime: p tao cau noi gia cac mach
thanh polime dang khong gian hoac phan ng keo dai
them mach polime.
4. ieu che.
Hoat ong 3:
a. Trung hp
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu cac p tao polime.
b. Trung ngng
HS: Neu cac p tao polime.
Hoat ong 4:
GV: Yeu cau Hs neu cac khai niem:
chat deo, t, cao su, keo dan, vat lieu
compozit.
HS: Neu cac khai niem: chat deo, t,
cao su, keo dan, vat lieu compozit.
Hoat ong 4:
GV: Yeu cau Hs thao luan, lam bai tap
SGK trang 103, 104.
HS: Thao luan, lam bai tap.
GV : Yeu cau Hs trnh bay bai len
5 . Khai niem ve cac vat lieu polime.

+ Chat deo : vat lieu polime co tnh deo.
+ T : vat lieu polime hnh si dai va manh.
+ Cao su: vat lieu polime co tnh an hoi.
+ Keo dan hu c : vat lieu polime co kha nang ket
noi hai manh vat lieu khac.
+ Vat lieu compozit : vat lieu gom polime lam nha
nen to hp vi cac vat lieu vo c, hu c khac.
II- BAI TAP.
Bai 1: A- S. B- . C- . D- .
Bai 2: C : Khong p vi NaOH.
Bai 3: Ankan # Polime.
Bai 4 + Bai 5: Da vao cau truc phan t polime.
bang.
Bai 6:
+ C 2 mat xch co 1 nguyen t Cl thay cho 1 nguyen
HS: Trnh bay bai len bang.
t H.
GV: Yeu cau Hs khac nhan xet bo
+CTCT:
xung.
HS : Nhan xet bo xung.
CH 2 CH CH CH CH 2 CH CH CH
GV : Nhan xet, bo sung, chnh sa,
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl Cl Cl
nhan manh cac kien thc va k nang
quan trong trong moi bai.
IV. Cung co bai : Nhan manh kthc, k nang quan trong.
Khai quat dang bai va phng phap giai.
V. Hng dan ve nha:
1. Hoan thanh bai tap luyen tap.
2. Chuan b bai sau: Kiem tra 1 tiet.
******************************************

Giáo án tham khảo Hoá 12 (hoá hữu cơ) NC

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Giáo án tham khảo Hoá 12 (hoá hữu cơ) NC

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ngy son:25-08-2008.

Tnh cht ho hc.

III. Mt s dn xut ca Hirocacbon.

Bi 3. Bng phng php ho hc, phn bit cc cht

III. Cung co.

V. Nhn xt, nh gi gi hc.

A. Muc tieu bai hoc:

2. Cach goi ten.

1. Phan ng nhom chc.

GV: Thc hien th nghiem thuy phan etyl axetat. Yeu

1.1. Phan ng thuy phan.

Phan ng thuan nghch (hai chieu)

Ngay soan : 27-08-2008.

A. Muc tieu bai hoc:

2. Phan ng goc hirocacbon.

a. P cong vao goc hirocacbon khong no.

en 2 p quan trong la p cong va p trung hp. Yeu

b. Phan ng trung hp.

III. ieu che va ng dung.

Ngay soan: 28-08-2008.

II. Kiem tra bi c :

viet CTCT chung cua chat beo.

R, R, R la cac goc cua cac

2. Trang thai t nhien

1. Tnh chat vat l

2. Tnh chat hoa hoc.

HS : D oan tnh chat cua chat beo da vao

GV : Neu p oxi hoa chat beo, giai thch hien

b. Phan ng xa phong hoa(mt baz) :

1. Vai tro cua chat beo trong c the

2. ng dung trong cong nghiep.

Ngy son: 29-08-2008.

CHT GIT RA.

b. c im cu trc phn t mui natri ca axit

co rt ra phng php sn xut x

- Thm NaCl vo hh tch mui ra khi hh. trn

2. Thnh phn ca x phng v s dng x phng.

2. Thnh phn v s dng cc ch phm t cht

Ngay soan: 03-09-2008

Bai 4: LUYEN TAP

MOI LIEN HE GIA HIROCACBON VA MOT SO DAN XUAT CUA HIROCACBON

GV cung vi Hs xay dng s o

I- MOI LIEN HE GIA CAC HIROCACBON

1. Chuyen hirocacbon no thanh khong no va thm

II- MOI LIEN HE GIA HIROCACBON VA DAN XUAT CHA

1. Chuyen hirocacbon trc tiep thanh dan xuat cha oxi

b. Cong halogen hoac hirohalogenua vao hirocacbon

3. Chuyen ancol va dan xuat halogen thanh hirocacbon

b. Tach hirohalogenua t dan xuat halogen thanh anken

4. Chuyen hoa gia cac dan xuat cha oxi

III- S O BIEU DIEN MOI QUAN HE GIA HIROCACBON VA

III. Cung co:

II. Cu trc phn t

Glucoz co CTPT la C6H12O6, ton tai dang mach h va dang

HS : Nghien cu SGK, thao

phan t co nhieu nhom OH ke nhau.

III. Tnh cht ho hc

Glucoz co tnh chat cua va ancol a chc anehit

III. Cung co.

Ngy son: 07-09-2008.

III. Cung co.

Ngay soan: 09-09-2008.

Ni dung ghi bng

+ Saccaroz la chat ket tinh, khong mau, v ngot, de tan trong