Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SPSS 16.0
V biu
2. Chn bin mun tnh tn s (bin Place V1) bng cch click chut vo tn bin ri
a sang khung Variable(s).
3. Click Ok. Trng hp mun v biu thc hin thm bc 4 trc khi click Ok.
4. v biu click chut vo Charts. Chn dng biu Chart type, chn gi
tr th hin trn biu l s m (frequencies) hay phn trm (percentages). Click
Continue tr li hp thoi Frequencies Ok thc hin lnh.
2. Chn 1 hay nhiu bin (nh lng) mun tnh im trung bnh a vo khung
Variable(s).
3. Click vo Options xut hin hp thoi Descriptive Options. Chn cc i
lng thng k mun tnh ton bng cch click vo vung cn thit.
4. Chn cch sp xp kt qu tnh ton theo th t danh sch bin (Variable list), th t
Alphabetic ca nhn bin, th t tng dn (Ascending list), v th t gim dn
(Descending list).
5. Click Continue tr v hp thoi Descriptive Ok thc hin lnh.
ngha
1.00 - 1.80
1.81 - 2.60
2.61 - 3.40
3.41 - 4.20
4.21 - 5.00
7. Counts
chn Observed (th hin tn
s quan st). Trong trng hp mun th hin tn s mong i chn Expected.
8. Chn cch th hin phn trm theo dng hay theo ct Percentages.
9. Click Continue tr li hp thoi Crosstabs Ok thc hin lnh.
CCH C KT QU KIM NH
6
df
p-value
16.217a
.039
18.708
.017
.202
.653
511
a. 8 cells (44.4%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.69.
Equal variances
assumed
not assumed
.138
Variances
Sig.
.710
-3.066
-3.040
df
509
448.100
Sig. (2-tailed)
.002
.003
-.231
-.231
.075
.076
Mean Difference
Std. Error Difference
95% Confidence Interval
Lower
-.379
-.380
of the Difference
Upper
-.083
-.082
2. Chn cp bin mun so snh (nhn gi phm ctrl chn 2 bin) a vo khung
Paired Variable(s). C th chn nhiu cp so snh cng 1 lc.
3. C th chnh li tin cy bng cch click vo Option, nhp tin cy vo khung
Confidence Interval.
4. Click Ok thc hin lnh.
5. Xem cch c kt qu kim nh phn trn. Cng dng gi tr Sig.
10
1. T menu Analyze Compare Means One-Way ANOVA, xut hin hp thoi sau:
2 k thut dng
kim nh su
ANOVA
2.
a bin nh
lng (tr trung bnh) vo khung Dependent list.
a bin phn loi xc nh cc nhm cn so snh vi nhau vo khung Factor.
Tukey: cng c s dng ph bin cho vic tm kim cc trung bnh cc nhm
khc bit. N s dng bng phn phi Studentizze range distribution. Tukey hiu
qu hn Bonferroni khi s lng cc cp trung bnh cn so snh kh nhiu.
R-E-G-W: thc hin 2 bc kim nh, u tin tin hnh kim nh li ton b
cc gi tr trung bnh nhm xem c bng nhau khng; nu khng bng th bc k
tip n s kim nh tm cc nhm no khc bit tht s vi nhau v tr trung
bnh. Nhng kim nh ny khng ph hp khi kch c cc nhm mu khng
bng nhau.
Mean
Std.
Std.
Lower
Upper
Deviation
Error
Bound
Bound
Minimum
Maximum
Single
153
4.12
.811
.066
3.99
4.25
1.00
341
4.28
.645
.035
4.22
4.35
1.00
Divorced
15
4.13
.743
.192
3.72
4.54
3.00
Widowed
4.50
.707
.500
-1.85
10.85
4.00
511
4.23
.704
.031
4.17
4.29
1.00
Total
df1
df2
3
Sig.
507
.273
13
df
Mean Square
3.228
1.076
Within Groups
249.523
507
.492
Total
252.751
510
Sig.
2.186
.089
Mean
(I) Marital status
Single
Married/Living with
partner
Divorced
Widowed
Sig.
Lower Bound
Upper Bound
.068
.015
-.30
-.03
Divorced
-.016
.190
.934
-.39
.36
Widowed
-.382
.499
.444
-1.36
.60
.068
.015
.03
.30
Divorced
.151
.185
.415
-.21
.51
Widowed
-.216
.498
.665
-1.19
.76
.016
.190
.934
-.36
.39
-.151
.185
.415
-.51
.21
Widowed
-.367
.528
.488
-1.40
.67
Single
.382
.499
.444
-.60
1.36
.216
.498
.665
-.76
1.19
Divorced
.367
.528
.488
-.67
1.40
Single
Single
-.167
.167
14
15
Click chn Collinearity diagnostics kim tra hin tng a cng tuyn
(Multicollinearity). chp nhn ca bin (Tolerances) v h s phng i
16
phng sai (Variance inflation factor VIF) c dng pht hin hin tng
a cng tuyn. Quy tc l khi VIF vt qu 10 l du hiu ca a cng tuyn.
5. Click Continue tr li hp thoi Linear Regressions click Ok thc hin lnh.
Cc bc nh gi m hnh
VD: s dng stepwsise a cc bin c lp vo m hnh.
M hnh: s hi lng ca DK v im n = + 1 (s hi lng v dch v lu tr)
+ 2 (s hi lng v dch v n ung)
+ 3 (s hi lng v dch v mua sm)
+ 4 (s hi lng v dch v vn chuyn)
Gi tr Tolerances v VIF bng s 3 (bng Coefficients) cho thy khng hin din
hin tng a cng tuyn ca cc bin. tip tc nh gi m hnh.
1. nh gi ph hp ca m hnh
H s xc nh R2 v R2 hiu chnh (Adjusted R square) c dng nh gi ph
hp ca m hnh. V R2 s tng khi a thm bin c lp vo m hnh nn dng R 2 hiu
chnh s an ton hn khi nh gi ph hp ca m hnh. R 2 hiu chnh cng ln th hin
ph hp ca m hnh cng cao.
Model Summary
Adjusted R
Model
R Square
Square
Estimate
.618a
.382
.381
.461
.664b
.441
.439
.439
.677c
.459
.455
.432
.684d
.468
.463
.429
17
ANOVAe
Model
1
Sum of Squares
Regression
df
Mean Square
66.904
66.904
Residual
108.216
509
.213
Total
175.119
510
Gi tr 2
Regression
77.248
ca tr
Residual
97.872
m
Total
175.119
s 4
3
Regression
80.296
nh (<
Residual
94.823
ngha)
Total
175.119
b gi
H0 4
Regression
81.897
hnh
Residual
93.223
hp
Total
175.119
tp d
c th suy rng ra cho ton tng th.
38.624
508
.193
Sig.
314.686
.000a
200.475
.000b
143.109
.000c
111.131
.000d
510
3
26.765
507
.187
510
4
20.474
506
.184
510
sig.
F ca
hnh
rt
mc
bc
thuyt
m
ph
vi
liu v
Model
4
(Constant)
Unstandardized
Standardized
Coefficients
Coefficients
Std. Error
Beta
Collinearity Statistics
t
Sig.
Tolerance
VIF
1.172
.136
8.595
.000
.300
.041
.335 7.331
.000
.502
1.990
.168
.032
.218 5.168
.000
.589
1.697
.139
.041
.150 3.404
.001
.538
1.857
.103
.035
.121 2.947
.003
.624
1.603
Overall satisfaction
Accommodation
Overall satisfaction
Transportation
19
Cch thc tin hnh phn tch hi quy Binary Logistic vi SPSS
Forward: Wald l phng php a dn vo kim tra vic loi bin cn c trn
xc sut ca s thng k Wald.
20
Backward: LR l phng php loi tr dn vo kim tra vic loi bin cn c trn
xc sut ca s thng k Likelihood-ratio da trn c lng kh nng xy ra ti
a.
Backward: Wald l phng php a dn vo kim tra vic loi bin cn c trn
xc sut ca s thng k Wald.
Y), ta chn Predict value trong hp thoi Save. Chn Continue Ok thc hin
lnh.
21
II.
df
Sig.
Step
178.459
.000
Block
178.459
.000
Model
178.459
.000
Step
1
-2 Log likelihood
Nagelkerke R
Square
Square
26.793a
.595
.769
22
Dissatisfied
Satisfied dummy
Percentage
Satisfied
Correct
Dissatisfied
51
49
51.0
Satisfied
22
389
94.6
Overall Percentage
86.1
S.E.
Wald
df
Sig.
Exp(B)
1.567
.255
37.812
.000
4.794
.435
.249
3.051
.031
1.546
.672
.222
9.164
.002
1.959
.918
.228
16.273
.000
2.505
-11.737
1.347
75.891
.000
.000
Constant
23
24
Chn kim nh Bartlett. Trong phn tch nhn t, cn kim nh mi tng quan
ca cc bin vi nhau (H0: cc bin khng c tng quan vi nhau trong tng
th). Nu gi thuyt H0 khng c bc b th phn tch nhn t c kh nng
khng thch hp.
Phn tch ma trn tng quan hay hip phng sai Analyze.
26
C nhiu phng php xoay khc nhau trong c s dng rng ri nht l
Varimax procedure (xoay nguyn gc cc nhn t ti thiu ho s lng bin c h s
ln ti cng mt nhn t, v vy s tng cng kh nng gii thch cc nhn t).
Click Continue tr li hp thoi chnh.
7. Click chn Factor Score tnh im cc nhn t
Chn th hin bng trng s nhn t bng cch click vo Display factor
C KT QU CA V D SAU
VD: xc nh nhn t nh hng n quyt nh chn nh tr ca sinh vin khoa cng ngh
trng i hc Cn th.
28
Std. Deviation
Analysis N
gia ca
3.91
1.065
43
ve sinh
4.05
.950
43
an ninh
4.35
.948
43
4.09
.811
43
gan truong
3.60
1.072
43
3.28
1.161
43
3.33
.993
43
3.67
1.063
43
noi qui
3.79
.940
43
dien, nuoc
4.16
.871
43
gia ca
ve sinh
an ninh
gan khu
truong
gan
song
truong
co nha ve
gac lung
phong
dien,
noi qui
nuoc
gia ca
1.000
.522
.528
.313
.238
.291
.209
.288
.123
.402
ve sinh
.522
1.000
.801
.581
.392
.096
.337
.298
.198
.393
an ninh
.528
.801
1.000
.607
.303
.191
.129
.281
.378
.535
.313
.581
.607
1.000
.372
.174
.021
.257
.307
.315
gan truong
.238
.392
.303
.372
1.000
.569
.325
.219
.034
.275
.291
.096
.191
.174
.569
1.000
.270
.365
.142
.401
.209
.337
.129
.021
.325
.270
1.000
.238
.049
.130
.288
.298
.281
.257
.219
.365
.238
1.000
.478
.470
noi qui
.123
.198
.378
.307
.034
.142
.049
.478
1.000
.479
dien, nuoc
.402
.393
.535
.315
.275
.401
.130
.470
.479
1.000
.714
Approx. Chi-Square
167.933
df
45
Sig.
.000
Initial
3.989
1.406
1.283
.892
.760
.526
.412
.324
.290
.119
% of Variance
39.892
14.058
12.829
8.916
7.599
5.259
4.116
3.238
2.903
1.191
Cumulative %
39.892
53.949
66.778
75.694
83.293
98.809
1.000E2
3.989
1.406
1.283
Total
Eigenvalues
Extraction
Total
Sums of
% of Variance
39.892
14.058
12.829
Cumulative %
39.892
53.949
66.778
2.776
2.006
1.896
% of Variance
27.758
20.056
18.965
Cumulative %
27.758
47.814
66.778
Squared
Loadings
10
Loadings
30
gia ca
.647
-.039
-.221
ve sinh
.781
-.245
-.419
an ninh
.814
-.379
-.205
.667
-.324
-.206
gan truong
.573
.527
-.268
.514
.661
.179
.369
.529
-.184
.601
.127
.525
noi qui
.498
-.288
.651
dien, nuoc
.718
-.040
.369
gia ca (1)
.604
.149
.286
ve sinh (2)
.896
.069
.198
an ninh (3)
.875
.280
.056
.743
.198
.041
.312
.020
.762
-.015
.358
.778
.119
-.014
.660
.124
.746
.285
.176
.838
-.148
.364
.689
.215
Da vo bng s 7 ta thy bin 1,2,3,4 c tng quan mnh vi nhau v thuc nhn t th 1.
Tng t nhn t 2 bao gm cc bin 8,9,10. Cc bin 5,6,7 l cc bin gii thch cho nhn t 3.
Da vo nhng im ging nhau (th hin tnh chung) ca bin nm trong nhn t v nhng
nghin cu trc nh nghin cu s t tn cho nhng nhn t ny.
VD: nhm 1 l nhn t an ton; nhm 2 l nhn t iu kin sinh hot; nhm 3 l nhn t v
tr thun li.
31
.736
.516
.437
-.461
-.090
.883
-.495
.852
-.171
gia ca
.218
-.060
.076
ve sinh
.386
-.161
-.012
an ninh
.354
-.006
-.122
.309
-.030
-.103
gan truong
.036
-.138
.430
-.191
.143
.448
-.034
-.108
.397
-.134
.418
.076
noi qui
-.065
.515
-.213
.003
.341
.004
dien, nuoc
1.000
.000
.000
.000
1.000
.000
.000
.000
1.000
X L CU HI NHIU LA CHN
1. M HO
Trong qu trnh nghin cu, c nhng cu hi cho php ngi tr li chn nhiu hn
1 la chn. V d: cu hi v tin s phu thut, bnh nhn c th cng mt lc c nhiu
phu thut trc y. y c gi l cu hi nhiu la chn.
S th t
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Tn phu thut
Ct vim rut tha
M ly thai
Ct t cung
Phu thut u bung trng
Vim ti mt
Phu thut khc
nh du v ghi ch (nu c)
2. CCH THC X L
33
thoi sau:
Percent
Percent of Cases
38
69.1%
76.0%
5.5%
6.0%
3.6%
4.0%
5.5%
6.0%
16.4%
18.0%
55
100.0%
110.0%
Percent of Cases: phn trm trn tng s bnh nhn c quan st (50 bnh nhn)
Percent of Responses: phn trm trn tng s tr li (v mi bnh nhn c th c nhiu
tin s phu thut nn tng s tr li = 55 > c mu quan st = 50)
35
M HO LI BIN
Trong qu trnh phn tch d liu ngi lm nghin cu i khi s phi m ho li
bin s dng cho nhiu mc ch khc nhau, v trng hp n c nht l:
Khi nh nghin cu mun chuyn mt bin nh lng (thang o t l) sang mt bin
nh tnh (thang o biu danh hay th t).
V d: Khi thu thp thng tin v tui ca bnh nhn, chng ta s dng thang o t
l (dng chnh xc s tui ca bnh nhn: 52, 67, hay 81 tui). n khi x l s liu, nh
nghin cu li mun s dng nhm tui phn tch v vit bo co:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
< 30 tui
30 39 tui
40 49 tui
50 59 tui
60 tui
Nu chng ta chn Recode into Same Variables th bin c (s tui chnh xc) s
mt i v c thay th bng mt bin mi vi cc biu hin mi (l nhm tui).
Thng thng ta s chn Recode into Different Variables to ra bin mi m
vn gi li bin c.
2. Xut hin hp thoi sau:
36
37
Value: tng gi tr c ri rc
System-missing: gi tr khuyt h thng
System or user missing: gi tr khuyt ca h thng hoc do ngi s dng nh
ngha
- Range: mt khong gi tr (t n / range: through: )
- Range, LOWEST through value: mt khong gi tr t gi tr nh nht n mt
gi tr c nhp vo
- Range, value through HIGHEST: mt khong gi tr t gi tr nhp vo n gi tr
ln nht
7. Chn Continue tr v hp thoi trc, v chn OK hon tt knh.
8. Khai bo value cho bin va to ti Value ca ca s Variable View nh hnh sau:
38
KT QU PHN TCH
NHN T
KT QU SAU KHI
COMPUTE V
THNG K M T
40
GI TR CA BIN
N1, N2, V N3 CHO
QUAN ST 1
Chng ta c th thc hin lnh thng k m t (tnh tr trung bnh ca cc nhm trn
tng mu quan st kt qu 2 ct cui cng VD trang 1), kim nh t, ANOVA hay phn
tch hi quy (i vi nh nghin cu thuc trng phi ng tr trung bnh lm bin c
lp X) trn 3 bin N1, N2, v N3 ny.
************************ CHC THNH CNG ************************
41