6 Final Chapter 6

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COLLEGE OF REHABILITATION AND TREATMENT ENTERPRISE
CHAPTER VI:
6.1
Technical Design Data Presentation
Overview
The flow of the presentation of data will be from primary source of information such
as interviews and surveys to secondary source of information. As the researcher used
multiple sources of information, each subchapter will include a brief introduction of
the source and will proceed to present the data contained therein in the macro-tomicro form. Information and data gathered through personal observation, interviews,
and surveys made by the researcher will follow the archival.
6.2
Primary
6.2.1
Interview with DOH
The interview was conducted to Architect Raymundo personally, she is the

current architect handling matters regarding guidelines for hospital or
healthcare designs within the Metro. Although the guidelines were basically
intended for general hospitals, still the principles of planning and the
consideration for circulation apply even with Specialized Health Care
facilities. Its typology makes it essential to gather information for the
researchers use. Her ideas assessing and evaluating hospitals for three
decades as well as having private hospital projects gives her firsthand
knowledge of which features of the facility appears to be the most essential
and crucial for users such as patients and the staff, problems that hospitals
usually encounter, and trends and the future direction of healthcare facilities
development.
Key information and opinion of interests were:
Proper and attentive services such as emergency areas are crucial

Most people are interested in high-tech equipment for better healthcare
diagnosis and treatment

Maintenance for support facilities
Multi-use of spaces
Lounge, waiting areas, and open areas for recreation
Allocation of spaces for future development since medicine and healthcare
is an ever-developing field
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6.2.2
Survey Results Interpretation
An online survey was made to impress upon the researcher actual user
feedback regarding factors which affects behavior within a healthcare facility.
Respondents age range from 18 30. A majority of the respondents are male
either an athlete or has engaged into active lifestyle such as playing wide
range of sports, and have experienced to be confined and admitted due to
injuries. Factors in which it affects the behavior of a patient within the facility,
miscellaneous preferences, and consideration regarding rehabilitation and the
support system.
The usual mode of transportation is Public Transportation within the Metro,
making it easier and convenient even for the target users to access the propose
sports rehabilitation complex
Private Vehicle
Public Transportation
Walking
Bicycle
Other
Sports with the most number of participants were:
Basketball - 39 %
Badminton - 53.9 %
Volleyball 47.4 %
Track & Field 28.6 %
The survey shows a high percentage of people having themselves injured after
performing exercises and while playing sports.
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Yes
88
No
66
The usual injury they experienced
Sprain 45 %
Strain 16 %
Fracture 9 %
Dislocation 7 %
When asked about the familiarity regarding Sports Medicine and

Rehabilitation Science, majority of the people answered yes however they
have minimal knowledge about the programs. When asked if they would like
to know more about these programs a lot answered yes, for future reference.
Number of people interested on getting themselves educated about Sports
Medicine and Rehabilitation Science
Yes
145
No
Reason why would you like to study Sports Medicine or Rehabilitation Science?
For future reference

Just wanted it
Not interested
When respondents were asked about the condition of healthcare facilities

within the country, most of them answered that there must be improvement for
better services to patients.
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Must improve
138 89.6%
Is there any supporting system?
4.5%
100% working, no need to improve or change anything
0.6%
Other
3.9%
Respondents personal opinion on current condition of healthcare facilities that

they wish to improve:
Dirty, smelly and depressing 57 %

Traumatic 39 %
Lack of proper construction and maintenance 11 %
Poor management 20 %
Respondents reason why they choose not to go to rehabilitation facilities
Mental hospital like facility
Depressing 33 %
54 %
And so when asked about what programs would they prefer if they were to be in a
rehabilitation facility these are respondents preferred programs:
Everyday activities
81 52.6%
Active recreational activities
113 73.4%
Healing with nature
98 63.6%
Sports
88 57.1%
Other
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Respondents were also asked if they would like to volunteer for aiding athletes
with injuries, most of them like the idea of actually helping athletes because
they like the idea of interacting with famous athletes.
Yes
120
No
34
Respondents believe that there is a need for a balance between the mind, body
and soul and that there should be a place where one could fully recover. And so
these were there preferred spaces and ideas for the sports rehabilitation complex
6.3
Open spaces for recreational activities

Green Areas for rehabilitation purposes
Water feature within the complex for natural healing and services
Sustainable strategies for the sports complex
High-end facilities with modern technologies for diagnosis and treatment
Sports facilities like gyms, courts for training and for sports
Great interiors of rooms and other facilities
Secondary
6.3.1
6.3.1.
Archival Materials
CLUP: Ordinance No. Sp-1369, S-2004 Amended Quezon
City Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance

National Framework for Physical Planning (NFPP) (2001-2030)
The overall long-term physical planning challenge that the NFPP addresses is
to provide policy guidelines towards the envisioned growth of the country in a
manner that is efficient, equitable, and sustainable. It is a concern that is rooted
on the fundamental condition that the country seems to be locked in that of
limited physical and economic resources in the face of in-creasing demands
from a population that continues to grow to unprecedented levels.
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The fraework provides for the Land Use Policy guidelines covering the four
(4) major land use components of Settlements Development, Production Land
Use, Prtection Land Use and Infrastructure Development. Major issues and
concerns and corresponding policy options in planning for each component
were defined in the framework.
Settlement Development. This focuses on the spatial distribution of shelter, its
support infrastructure and networks, and services. It is also concerned with the
interrelationships of settlements as they develop and establish functional
linkages based on their respective resource endowments and comparative
advantages. Some policies under this title that are of relevance to Quezon City
include:
(a) The formulation of town and city plans with close attention paid to
improving opportunities for economic growth, delivery of services, and the
overall quality of life; renewal/redevelopment, assisting small towns to grow,
metropolitan arrangement, opening new towns/cities, and infilling vacant lands
or increasing densities in built up areas shall be considered depending on the
local situation;
(c) Addressing the problem of informal settlements through such approaches
asdirect allocation of affordable housing, improving access to unutilized land,
encouraging mixed use and higher density developments in selected are-as;
and improving infrastructure support to existing residential areas; and
carbon foot-prints of residential areas by encouraging planned mixed use
developments, increased transit use, pedestrianization, and cultural/ historical
preservation in large urban centers.
Production Land Use. The primary objective of planning for this land use is
to determine the most efficient and equitable manner of utilizing and managing land resources so that there is adequate and accessible space for
sustainable food production, forest and mineral resource extraction, industry
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and tourism, with the end in view of meeting the material and other
requirements of the population. Relevant policies have to do with:
(a) Identifying and delineating potential tourism areas and promoting
thedevelopment of these areas by providing infrastructure support giving due
consideration to their social and environmental impacts;
(b) Reviewing the performance of existing industrial areas and exploring
alternative uses of non-performing ones; and
(c) Adopting and implementing land use policies and zoning regulations that
encourage the use of disaster mitigation and environmental protection
measures that are embedded in the production process.
Protection Land Use. This refers to the conservation and management of
sensitive/critical eco-systems to preserve their integrity, the rehabilitation of
degraded resources to allow them to regenerate, and the identification of
environmentally constrained areas and limiting access to these areas to protect
the human population from environmental hazards. Salient protection policies
include:
(a) Delineation and demarcation of protected area boundaries to prevent
confusion and conflict among affected segments of the population; and
(b) Intensifying information, education and communication campaigns to
instill in people the value of protecting certain resources and of disaster
preparedness.
Infrastructure Development. The role of infra-structure in national
development is to provide the built-up environment that allows production,
consumption and service activities to take place. Infra-structure development
in the NFPP covers five sub-sectors: transportation, communications, energy,
water resources and social infrastructure. Selected infrastructure policies of
relevance to Quezon City are:
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(a) Promotion of inter-modal transportation systems, taking into account

compatibility, economic feasibility, comparative advantage and linkages to
facilitate smooth transfer of people and goods between points;
(b) Prioritizing projects that allow increased access to basic social and
development services while catering to the productive sectors and marketbased industry putting the entire population into the mainstream of sustainable
development; and
(c) Incorporating disaster mitigation principles in infrastructure
development.
These national policies shall inform the planning and management of Quezon
Citys physical development over the long time horizon.
The National Urban Development and Housing Framework (NUDHF)
2009- 2016
In the near term the direction of urban development for the country is defined
by the National Urban Development and Housing Framework as mandated by
the Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992 (RA 7279).The current
National Urban Development and Housing Framework (NUDHF 2009-2016)
is an update of the previous framework (NUDHF 1999-2004)
The Framework envisions for the country an urban system that facilitates
economic growth, develops and strengthens local comparative ad-vantages,
and significantly improves the quality of life of its residents.
The three (3) basic themes that form as structure of the Framework consist of :
(a) urban sys-tem; (b) housing and communities; and (c) governance. The first
theme is divided into two sub-themes: urban competitiveness and poverty
reduction; the second, into housing affordability and de-livery and sustainable
communities, and the third, into performance-oriented governance.
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(a) Urban competitiveness. The urban system plays a major role in the
economic development of the country. Given increasing global integration, the
extent to which the cities that comprise the urban system can play this role
depends on their competitiveness relative to other cities of the region and of
the world.
(b) Poverty reduction. The continued relatively high poverty incidence in the
country is a direct result of the lack of pro-poor economic growth. As
concentrations of economic activity, cities can serve as agents of poverty
reduction.
(c) Housing affordability and delivery. A significant part of the problem
plaguing the housing sector in the country is the lack of affordability. The
fundamental solution to this problem is again rooted in economic growth,
which provides employment and income to house-holds, which, in turn, can
increase affordability levels. In the short-medium term, increasing the
availability of housing credit and financial resources as well as lowering the
cost of land and housing production can make a significant difference.
(d) Sustainable communities. Communities need a combination of function
and amenity based on acceptable environmental standards. They need to be
sustainable by providing minimum service standards as well as from the point
of view of global climate change.
(e) Performance-oriented governance. Governance cuts across all modules. It
is the key to improving urban competitiveness and poverty reduction, to
providing shelter, and to the development of sustainable communities.
Improving efficiency, reducing wastage and corruption, and improving
coordination across all layers of bureaucracy are needed while taking into
account the decentralized structure of government.
Institutional Land Use Policies
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Institutional land use, dominated by government offices and facilities, both

local and national, is highly concentrated in the old government centers which
now form part of the CBD-Knowledge Community District and the NGCBatasan Growth Center. Concentrated in these two districts are 67 national
government agencies, tertiary-level and specialized medical institutions, and
large universities and colleges.
Other institutions with mainly local clientele and occupying smaller lots are
scattered through-out the city positioned close to the communities they serve.
The total area of institutional land has not changed. While the amount of
institutional reserves held by the national government was reduced by the
conversion of portions of the NGC into socialized housing sites, this was
compensated by the creation of new sites for community level services like
schools and health centers to meet the needs of a growing population.
Specific policies on Institutional land use are as follows:
No increase in the area for national government institutions is foreseen in

this Plan. Any requirements for future expansion of the national
government offices shall be met by utilizing open areas within their
existing sites through vertical development or by increasing building
densities. Another option is to decentralize certain services to their regional
offices.
There is a need for additional institutional space for local-level services in

the form of:
- Mini-civic centers in the growth areas where selected services of the
city government will be decentralized.
- New sites for public school s and health centers particularly in the
highly populous barangays in District II.
- New sites for cemeteries and memorial parks.
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Each of the mini-civic centers to be established in each of the growth

centers, except in the CBD-Knowledge Community District, shall have a
district public library and a museum to serve all barangays en-compassed
within the growth center and its area of influence. Each barangay shall
maintain a reading center.
Places of amusement and indoor recreation such as night clubs, dance

halls, bars, saloons, billiards and pool joints, bowling alleys, and the like
shall be allowed in the growth centers provided that such establishments
are located beyond a 50 meter radius of any school, hospital or church.
In the selection of sites for institutional use factors such as geographical

centrality, accessibility, availability of transportation and communication
facilities, drain-age and sanitation, development and economic progress
and potential sources of natural and human-caused hazards should be taken
into consideration.
Easements
Along Rivers and Creeks
A minimum of 3-meter easement through-out the entire length of rivers

and creeks should be provided as mandated by the Water Code of the
Philippines and other applicable laws.
Special policies requiring easements other than the minimum 3-meter

requirement of the Water Code being imposed in Metro Manila shall be
observed and enforced.
Road Right-of-Ways
Road rights-of-way shall be provided to connect different functional

areas like places of living, work and play and to facilitate the flow of
people, goods, services and communication.

Road rights-of- way shall be provided and developed in accordance
with the requirements of the laws on subdivision and open spaces.
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They shall always be kept free of any obstruction and only uses such as
vital utility lines and facilities ensuring road safety, visual clarity and
good streetscape shall be allowed.
Environmental Infrastructure
Drainage and Sewerage
All natural waterways shall be identified and rights of way established

and im-posed on all properties traversed by the waterway especially in
those cases where the existing waterway forms part of, or is not
specifically separated in the title of the subject property.

Construction of bank protection structures (rip-rap, retaining wall, etc.)
shall be mandatory in all property development projects for safety of
affected lot buyers.
The required three-meter easement along waterways shall be reckoned

from the bank protection structure.
Solid Waste Management System
The location/site of solid waste management facilities shall be in

accordance with the provisions of RA 9003, otherwise known as the
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.
Specifically for sanitary landfill, the site must

- Be accessible from major roadways or thoroughfares;
- Have an adequate quantity of earth cover material that is easily
handled and compacted;
- Be chosen with regard for the sensitivities of the communitys
residents;
- `Be located in an area where the land-fills operation will not
detrimentally affect environmentally sensitive re-sources such as
aquifers, groundwater reservoirs or watershed areas; and
- Be large enough to accommodate the communitys wastes for a
period of five (5) years during which people must internalize the value
of environmentally sound and sustainable solid waste disposal
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internalize the value of environmentally sound and sustainable solid

waste disposal;
Solid waste facilities like materials recovery facility, reduction and

composting plants, storage and collection and transport facilities
should be located where they are reasonably accessible but do not pose
danger to the environment and to the health, safety and security of the
community. The location and land area should allow receiving, sorting,
processing, storage and transport in an environmentally-sound manner.
6.3.2.1 P. D. 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines and

Its Implementing Rules and Regulations
It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State to safeguard life,
health, property, and public welfare, consistent with the principles of
sound environmental management and control; and to this end, make it
the purpose of this Code to provide for all buildings and structures, a
framework of minimum standards and requirements to regulate and
control their location, site, design quality of materials, construction,
use, occupancy, and maintenance.
Section 103. Scope and Application.
(a) The provisions of this Code shall apply to the design, location,
sitting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy,
maintenance, moving, demolition of, and addition to public and private
buildings and structures, except traditional indigenous family
dwellings as defined herein.
(b) Building and/or structures constructed before the approval of this
Code shall not be affected thereby except when alterations, additions,
conversions or repairs are to be made therein in which case, this Code
shall apply only to portions to be altered, added, converted or repaired.
Section 104. General Building Requirements.
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(a) All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto

shall conform in all respects to the principles of the safe construction
and must be suited to the purpose for which they are designed.
(b) Buildings or structures intended to be used for the manufacture
and/or production of any kind of article or product shall observe
adequate environmental safeguards.
(c) Buildings or structures and all parts thereof as well as all facilities
found therein shall be maintained in safe, sanitary and good working
condition.
Section 105. Site Requirements.

The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or
structure, or any ancillary or auxiliary facility thereto, shall be sanitary,
hygienic or safe. In the case of sites or buildings intended for use as
human habitation or abode, the same shall be at a safe distance, as
determined by competent authorities, from streams or bodies of water
and/or sources of air considered to be polluted; from a volcano or
volcanic site and/or any other building considered to be a potential
source of fire or explosion.
6.3.2.1.1 Classification And General Requirement Of All Buildings
By Use Of Occupancy
Section 701. Occupancy Classified.
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(a) Buildings proposed for construction shall be identified according to

their use or the character of its occupancy and shall be classified as
follows:
(4) Group D. Institutional
Group D Occupancies shall include:
Division 1. Mental hospitals, mental sanitaria, jails, prisons,
reformatories, and buildings where personal liberties of inmates are
similarly restrained.
Division 2. Nurseries for full-time care of children under kindergarten
age, hospitals, sanitaria, nursing homes with non-ambulatory patients,
and similar buildings each accommodating more than five persons.
Division 3. Nursing homes for ambulatory patients, homes for children
of kindergarten age or over, each accommodating more than five
persons: Provided, that Group D Occupancies shall not include
buildings used only for private or family group dwelling purposes.
Section 707. Maximum Height of Buildings.
The maximum height and number of storeys of every building shall be
dependent upon the character of occupancy and the type of
construction as determined by the Secretary considering population
density, building bulk, widths of streets and car parking requirements.
The height shall be measured from the highest adjoining sidewalk or
ground surface: Provided, that the height measured from the lowest
adjoining surface shall not exceed such maximum height by more than
3.00 meters: Except, that towers, spires, and steeples, erected as part of
a building and not used for habitation or storage are limited as to height
only by structural design if completely of incombustible materials, or
may extend not to exceed 6.00 meters above the height limits for each
occupancy group if of combustible materials.
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6.3.2.1.2
Chapter VIII: Light And Ventilation
Section 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation.

(a) Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on
Basement of Light and View and to the provisions of this part of the
Code, every building shall be designed, constructed, and equipped to
provide adequate light and ventilation.
(b) All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street
which has been duly approved.
(c) No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of
any room or the relative area of windows to less than that provided for
buildings under this Code, or to create an additional room, unless such
additional room conforms to the requirements of this Code.
(d) No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required
court or yard would be less than that prescribed for such building.
Section 805. Ceiling Heights.

(a) Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation have ceiling
heights not less than 2.40 meters measured from the floor to the
ceiling; Provided that for buildings of more than one-storey, the
minimum ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70 meters and that
for the second storey 2.40 meters and succeeding storeys shall have an
unobstructed typical head-room clearance of not less than 2.10 meters
above the finished floor. Above stated rooms with a natural ventilation
shall have ceiling height not less than 2.70 meters.
(b) Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling height not less than 1.80
meters above and below it.
Section 805. Ceiling Heights.
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(a) Habitable rooms provided with artificial ventilation have ceiling

heights not less than 2.40 meters measured from the floor to the
ceiling; Provided that for buildings of more than one-storey, the
minimum ceiling height of the first storey shall be 2.70 meters and that
for the second storey 2.40 meters and succeeding storeys shall have an
unobstructed typical head-room clearance of not less than 2.10 meters
above the finished floor. Above stated rooms with a natural ventilation
shall have ceiling height not less than 2.70 meters.
(b) Mezzanine floors shall have a clear ceiling height not less than 1.80
meters above and below it.
4. For wards and dormitories of institutional buildings not less than
0.45 cubic meter of air per minute shall be supplied for each person
accommodated.
6.3.2.1.3
Chapter IX: Sanitation
Section 901. General.

Subject to the provisions of Book II of the Civil Code of the
Philippines on Property, Ownership, and its Modification, all buildings
hereafter erected, altered, remodeled, relocated or repaired for human
habitation shall be provided with adequate and potable water supply,
plumbing installation, and suitable wastewater treatment or disposal
system, storm water drainage, pest and vermin control, noise abatement
device, and such other measures required for the protection and
promotion of health of persons occupying the premises and other living
nearby.
Section 902. Water Supply System.
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(a) Whenever available, the potable water requirements for a building

used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing municipal or
city waterworks system.
(b) The quality of drinking water from meteoric, surface or
underground sources shall conform to the criteria set in the latest
approved National Standards for Drinking Water.
(c) The design, construction and operation of deepwells for the
abstraction of groundwater shall be subject to the provisions of the
Water Code of the Philippines.
(d) The design, construction and operation of independent waterworks,
systems of private housing subdivisions or industrial estates shall be
governed by existing laws relating to local waterworks system.
(e) The water piping installations inside buildings and premises shall
conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code of the
Philippines.
Section 903. Wastewater Disposal System.
(a) Sanitary sewage from buildings and neutralized or pre-treated
industrial wastewater shall be discharged directly into the nearest street
sanitary sewer main of existing municipal or city sanitary sewerage
system in accordance with the criteria set by the Code on Sanitation
and the National Pollution Control Commission.
(b) All buildings located in areas where there are no available sanitary
sewerage system shall dispose their sewage Imhoff or septic tank and
subsurface absorption filed.
(c) Sanitary and industrial plumbing installations inside buildings and
premises shall conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing
Code.
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Section 904. Storm Drainage System.

(a) Rain water drainage shall not discharge to the sanitary sewer
system.
(b) Adequate provisions shall be made to drain low areas in buildings
and their premises.
Section 905. Pest and Vermin Control.
(a) All buildings with hollow nd/or wood construction shall be
provided wiith rat proofing.
(b) Garbage bins and receptacles shall be provided with ready means
for cleaning and with positive protection against entry of pest and
vermins.
(c) DINING rooms for public use without artificial ventilation shall be
properly screened.
6.3.2.2
P. D. 1185 Fire Code of the Philippines and Its
Implementing Rules and Regulations

WHEREAS, death and injury to persons and loss and damage to
property by fire have reached alarming proportion that the economic
and social gains of the society are being continually undermined;
WHEREAS, in order to effect a meaningful reduction of the alarming
fire losses, there is a need to develop national consciousness and
involvement of all persons in the prevention and suppression of fires;
WHEREAS, fire prevention and suppression require the adoption of
uniform fire safety standards, the incorporation of fire safety
construction and provision of protective and safety devices in buildings
and structures;
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WHEREAS, there is an urgent need for an agency primarily

responsible for the implementation and coordination of the activities of
all sectors of society on fire safety, prevention and suppression;
WHEREAS, in order to effectively implement all efforts to minimize
the occurrence of fires and their destructive effects, full financial,
equipment and personnel support by the government and the private
sector is necessary;
6.4.2.3
R. A. 1378 National Plumbing Code of the
Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations

Republic Act No. 1378 An Act To Regulate the Trade Of Master
Plumber Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the Philippines in Congress assembled: Section 1. This Act shall be
known as the Plumbing Law. Section 2. (a) The practice of plumbing
within the meaning and intent of this Act shall embrace services in the
form of consultations, designing, preparations of plans, specifications;
estimates, erection, installation and supervision of plumbing work
including the inspection and acceptance of materials used therein;
extension and alteration of all pipings to fixtures, appliances,
appurtenances in connection with any of the following: storm and
sanitary drainage, facilities of buildings, the sanitary venting of
fixtures, hot or cold water supply systems within or adjacent to any
building, storm drains, sewerage system of any premises and/or in
connection with any public disposal or any acceptable terminal. The
enumeration in this paragraph shall not be construed as excluding any
other work requiring plumbing knowledge and application. (b) The
term master plumber as used in this Act shall mean a person duly
registered with the Board of Examiners for Master Plumbers in the
manner as hereinafter provided.
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a. All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy, or use shall

be provided with a supply of pure and wholesome water, neither
connected with unsafe water supplies nor subject to the hazards of
backflow or back siphonage. b. Plumbing fixtures, devices all
appurtenances shall be supplied with water in sufficient volume and at
pressures adequate to enable them to function satisfactorily and
without undue noise under all normal conditions of use. c. Plumbing
shall be deigned and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water
consistent with proper performance and cleaning. d. Devices for
heating and storing water shall be so designed and installed as to
prevent dangers from explosion through overheating. e. Every building
having plumbing fixtures installed and intended for human habitation,
occupancy, or use on premises abutting on a street, alley, or easement
in which there is a public sewer shall have a connection with the sewer.
6.4.2.4
DOH: R u l e s a n d R e g u l a t i o n s G o v e r n i n g t h e
N ew C l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f Hospitals and Other Health Facilities

in the Philippines
Pursuant to Section 16 of Republic Act No. 4226 otherwise
known as Hospital Licensure Act, "The licensing agency shall
study and adopt a system of classifying hospitals in the
Philippines as to: (1) general or special; (2) service capabilities;
(3) size or bed capacity and (4) classification of hospital
whether training or not". Regulation of health facilities takes
into account their service capacities and compliance with
standards for manpower, equipment, construction and physical
facilities. It is of the essence that the actual situation be taken
into consideration in dealing with the current classification of
hospitals and other health facilities.
These rules and regulations are promulgated to protect and
promote the health of the public by ensuring a minimum quality of
service rendered by hospitals and other regulated health facilities
and to assure the safety of patients and personnel.
V.
Implementing Mechanisms
A. General Guidelines
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1.All hospitals duly licensed by DOH shall be deemed automatically

accredited by PhilHealth as Centers of Safety in accordance with A.O.
No. 2011-0020 entitled "Streamlining of Licensure and Accreditation of
Hospitals".
2.All hospitals shall provide basic hospital functions such as, but not
limited to, acute medical and surgical services, anesthesia
services, emergency and outpatient services, nursing service, dental
service, with common diagnostic and support units as pathology,
radiology, and pharmacy.
3.All hospitals and other health facilities shall adhere and ensure strict
compliance to infection control and surveillance practices.
4.All hospitals and other health facilities shall have non-medical support
such as, but not limited to, administrative and finance section, medical
records section, information management, dietary (for in-patients)
services, facility management and maintenance, waste management
and security services.
5.All hospitals and other health facilities shall establish a referral
network within the vicinity of their facilities to provide for services
where they are not capable to render.
6.The name of the institution shall be compatible with the functional
capacity of the health facility. All health facilities regulated by
DOH applying for Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
and/or Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) registration shall
undergo clearance from BHFS. [Example: A clinic cannot be called a
medical center under these rules and regulations.]
7.Health facility owners shall strictly follow the standards, criteria
and requirements prescribed in the Assessment Tool for licensure or
accreditation of health facilities subject to the provisions of Rule IX
hereof.
8.All DOH licensed hospitals shall follow A.O. No. 2011 0020 on
"Streamlining of Licensure and Accreditation of Hospitals", A.O. No.
2007 0021 regarding "Harmonization and Streamlining of the
Licensure System for Hospitals", this Order and other policy
guidelines and/or related issuances.
B. Specific Guidelines
Current Categories of Hospitals
Based on Sec. 6 of the D.O.H. Administrative Order No. 68 A. S. 1989,
entitled Revised Rules and Regulation Governing the Registration,
Licensure and Operation of Hospitals in the Philippines and pursuant
to Sec. 16 of R. A. 4226, otherwise known as the Hospital Licensure
Act, hospitals shall be classified as follows:
(1) Government Or Private:
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Government Hospital separated and maintained partially or wholly

by the national, provincial, municipal or city government or other
political subdivision, board or other agency thereof.
Private Hospital private owned, established and operated with funds
raised or contributed through donations or by private capital or other
means by private individuals, association, corporation, religious
organizations, firm company or joint stock association.
(2) GENERAL OR SPECIAL:
General Hospital provides services for all kinds of illnesses,
diseases, injuries or deformities
Special Hospital provides services for one particular kind of illness /
disease of medical health care need
(3) PRIMARY,
SECONDARY
AND
TERTIARY
CATEGORYACCORDING TO SERVICE CAPABILITIES

OFFERED:
Primary Hospital equipped with the service capabilities needed to
support licensed physicians rendering services in Medicine, Pediatrics,
Obstetrics, and Minor Surgery.
Secondary Hospital equipped with the service capabilities needed to
support licensed physicians rendering services in the field of Medicine,
Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Surgery and other
Ancillary Services.
Tertiary Hospital fully departmentalized and equipped with service
capabilities needed to support certified Medical Specialists and other
licensed physicians rendering services in the field of Medicine,
Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Surgery, their subspecialties
and Ancillary Services.
(4) TRAINING AND NON-TRAINING
Teaching and Training Hospital departmentalized hospital with
accredited Residency Training Program in a specified specialty or
discipline.
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6.4.2.5
Guidelines In The Planning And Design Of A
Hospital And Other Health Facilities
A hospital and other health facilities shall be planned and designed to
observe appropriate architectural practices, to meet prescribed
functional programs, and to conform to applicable codes as part of
normal professional practice.
1 Environment: A hospital and other health facilities shall be so located
that it is readily accessible to the community and reasonably free from
undue noise, smoke, dust, foul odor, flood, and shall not be located
adjacent to railroads, freight yards, children's playgrounds, airports,
industrial plants, disposal plants.
2 Occupancy: A building designed for other purpose shall not be
converted into a hospital. The location of a hospital shall comply with
all local zoning ordinances.
3 Safety: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and
maintain a safe environment for patients, personnel and public. The
building shall be of such construction so that no hazards to the life and
safety of patients, personnel and public exist. It shall be capable of
withstanding weight and elements to which they may be subjected.
3.1 Exits shall be restricted to the following types: door leading
directly outside the building, interior stair, ramp, and exterior
stair.
3.2 A minimum of two (2) exits, remote from each other, shall
be provided for each floor of the building.
3.3 Exits shall terminate directly at an open space to the outside
of the building.
4 Security: A hospital and other health facilities shall ensure the
security of person and property within the facility.
5 Patient Movement: Spaces shall be wide enough for free movement
of patients, whether they are on beds, stretchers, or wheelchairs.
Circulation routes for transferring patients from one area to another
shall be available and free at all times.
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5.1 Corridors for access by patient and equipment shall have a

minimum width of2.44 meters.
5.2 Corridors in areas not commonly used for bed, stretcher and
equipment transport may be reduced in width to 1.83 meters.
5.3 A ramp or elevator shall be provided for ancillary, clinical
and nursing areas located on the upper floor.
5.4 A ramp shall be provided as access to the entrance of the
hospital not on the same level of the site.
6 Lighting: All areas in a hospital and other health facilities shall be
provided with sufficient illumination to promote comfort, healing and
recovery of patients and to enable personnel in the performance of
work.
7 Ventilation: Adequate ventilation shall be provided to ensure comfort
of patients, personnel and public.
8 Auditory and Visual Privacy: A hospital and other health facilities
shall observe acceptable sound level and adequate visual seclusion to
achieve the acoustical and privacy requirements in designated areas
allowing the unhampered conduct of activities.
9 Water Supply: A hospital and other health facilities shall use an
approved public water supply system whenever available. The water
supply shall be potable, safe for drinking and adequate, and shall be
brought into the building free of cross connections.
10 Waste Disposal: Liquid waste shall be discharged into an approved
public sewerage system whenever available, and solid waste shall be
collected, treated and disposed of in accordance with applicable codes,
laws or ordinances.
11 Sanitation: Utilities for the maintenance of sanitary system,
including approved water supply and sewerage system, shall be
provided through the buildings and premises to ensure a clean and
healthy environment.
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12 Housekeeping: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide

and maintain a healthy and aesthetic environment for patients,
personnel and public.
13 Maintenance: There shall be an effective building maintenance
program in place. The buildings and equipment shall be kept in a state
of good repair. Proper maintenance shall be provided to prevent
untimely breakdown of buildings and equipment.
14 Material Specification: Floors, walls and ceilings shall be of sturdy
materials that shall allow durability, ease of cleaning and fire
resistance.
15 Segregation: Wards shall observe segregation of sexes. Separate
toilet shall be maintained for patients and personnel, male and female,
with a ratio of one (1) toilet for every eight (8) patients or personnel.
16 Fire Protection: There shall be measures for detecting fire such as
fire alarms in walls, peepholes in doors or smoke detectors in ceilings.
There shall be devices for quenching fire such as fire extinguishers or
fire hoses that are easily visible and accessible in strategic areas.
17 Signage. There shall be an effective graphic system composed of a
number of individual visual aids and devices arranged to provide
information, orientation, direction, identification, prohibition, warning
and official notice considered essential to the optimum operation of a
hospital and other health facilities.
18 Parking. A hospital and other health facilities shall provide a
minimum of one (1) parking space for every twenty-five (25) beds.
19 Zoning: The different areas of a hospital shall be grouped according
to zones asfollows:
19.1 Outer Zone areas that are immediately accessible to the
public: emergency service, outpatient service, and
administrative service. They shall be located near the entrance
of the hospital.
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19.2 Second Zone areas that receive workload from the outer
zone: laboratory, pharmacy, and radiology. They shall be
located near the outer zone.
19.3 Inner Zone areas that provide nursing care and
management of patients: nursing service. They shall be located
in private areas but accessible to guests.
19.4 Deep Zone areas that require asepsis to perform the
prescribed services: surgical service, delivery service, nursery,
and intensive care. They shall be segregated from the public
areas but accessible to the outer, second and inner zones.
19.5 Service Zone areas that provide support to hospital
activities: dietary service, housekeeping service, maintenance
and motorpool service, and mortuary. They shall be located in
areas away from normal traffic.
20 Function: The different areas of a hospital shall be functionally
related with each other.
20.1 The emergency service shall be located in the ground floor
to ensure immediate access. A separate entrance to the
emergency room shall be provided.
20.2 The administrative service, particularly admitting office
and business office, shall be located near the main entrance of
the hospital. Offices for hospital management can be located in
private areas.
20.3 The surgical service shall be located and arranged to
prevent non-related traffic. The operating room shall be as
remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The
dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas
after changing to surgical garments. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patient movement.
20.4 The delivery service shall be located and arranged to
prevent non-related traffic. The delivery room shall be as
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remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The

dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas
after changing to surgical garments. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patient movement. The
nursery shall be separate but immediately accessible from the
delivery room.
20.5 The nursing service shall be segregated from public areas.
The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation
of patients. Nurse stations shall be provided in all inpatient
units of the hospital with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station
for every thirty-five (35) beds. Rooms and wards shall be of
sufficient size to allow for work flow and patient movement.
Toilets shall be immediately accessible from rooms and wards.
20.6 The dietary service shall be away from morgue with at
least 25-meter distance.
21 Space: Adequate area shall be provided for the people, activity,
furniture, equipment and utility.
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Notes:
1. 0.65/person Unit area per person occupying the space at one time
2. 5.02/staff Work area per staff that includes space for one (1) desk
and one (1) chair, space for occasional visitor, and space for aisle
3. 1.40/person Unit area per person occupying the space at one time
4. 7.43/bed Clear floor area per bed that includes space for one (1)
bed, space for occasional visitor, and space for passage of equipment
5. 1.08/stretcher Clear floor area per stretcher that includes space for
one (1) stretcher
6.4.2.6
Manual on Technical Guidelines for Hospitals and Health
Facilities Planning and Design. Department of Health, Manila. 1994
Signage Systems Manual for Hospitals and Offices. Department of

Health, Manila. 1994
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Health Facilities Maintenance Manual. Department of Health, Manila.

1995 Manual on Hospital Waste Management. Department of Health,
Manila. 1997
District Hospitals: Guidelines for Development. World Health
Organization Regional Publications, Western Pacific Series. 1992

Guidelines for Construction and Equipment of Hospital and Medical
Facilities. American Institute of Architects, Committee on Architecture
for Health. 1992

De Chiara, Joseph. Time-Saver Standards for Building Types.
McGraw-Hill Book Company. 1980
A majority of planning principles and general provisions for Institutional

facilities, such as hospitals, schools, and of sports and recreation will come
from the book written by Joseph De Chiara and Michael J. Crosbie. This
book contains information contributed by experts in the Architectural and
Planning field as well as Government and Educational Institutions that
conducts research on Design and Planning.
Manual on Technical Guidelines For Hospitals and Health Facilities
Planning and Design, Department of Health, Manila 2001

District Health Facilities: Guidelines for Development & Operations,
WHO Regional Publications, Western Pacific Series No. 22

DOH Implementing Rules And Regulations Governing Accreditation
Of Drug Abuse Treatment And Rehabilitation Centers And
Accreditation Of Center Personnel
6.4.2.7
CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) No. 24, Series
of 2006, Policies, Standards and Guidelines for Physical Therapy

and Occupational Therapy
6.4.2.7 .1
Article 1: Introduction
Section 1:
The Policies, Standards, and Guidelines of Physical
Therapy and Occupational Therapy Education shall direct the Physical
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Therapy and Occupational Therapy programs in providing the country

with humane and scientifically competent physical therapists and
occupational therapists who are responsive to the changing health care
needs of the society.
6.4.2.7 .2
Article III: Program Specifications
Section 3:
Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy and Bachelor
of Science in Occupational Therapy

Section 4:
Program Description.
The Bachelor of Science in Physical Therapy and Bachelor of Science

in Occupational Therapy curricula are five-year degree programs
consisting of general education and professional courses totaling 208
units for BSPT in 197 units for BSOT. This includes at least 1500
hours for PT and 1200 hours of clinical internship for OT.
6.4.2.7 .3
Article V: Curriculum
Section 6:
Curriculum Description
Higher education institution offering Bachelor of Science in Physical

Therapy and Bachelor of Science in Occupational Therapy may
exercise flexibility in their curricular offerings. However, physical
therapy and occupational therapy subjects as prescribed in the sample
programs of study shall be implemented.
6.4.2.8 Republic Act (RA) No. 9722 Higher Education Act of 1994
The provisions of this Manual shall be applied in order to attain the
purposes of higher education, to give meaning to academic freedom, to
institute reasonable supervision and regulation, and to accelerate the
development of higher education institutions. All doubts in the
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implementation and interpretation of the provisions of this Manual

shall be resolved in favor of the higher education institution.
6.4.2.8.1
Article II: Formal Education
Section 7: Objectives. Higher education shall have the following

objectives:
1. To provide a general education program that will assist each
individual to develop his potential as a human being, enhance the
quality of citizen participation in the basic functions of society, and
promote in each student a sense of national identity, cultural
consciousness, moral integrity and spiritual vigor.
2. To train the nations human resources in the required skills for
national development, and to instill and foster the appropriate and
relevant attitudes, skills and knowledge to enable each individual to
become a useful, productive, globally competitive, and gainfully
employed member of the society.
3. To develop and maintain the integrity of the professions and
disciplines that will provide leadership for the nation.
4. To advance the frontiers of knowledge through research work, and
apply the technology gained for improving the quality of human
life and responding effectively to changing societal needs and
conditions.
Section 8: Levels. Formal Education in the higher level may consist of

the following:
1
Undergraduate Level
a. Pre-baccalaureate a stage of post-secondary study
usually ranging from one to two years leading to
associate/certificate and diploma; a preparatory level of
degree programs.
b. Baccalaureate This encompasses programs, usually four
or five years in length, leading to a Bachelors degree in a
given discipline or profession
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2.
Graduate Level
a.
Masters This requires a bachelors degree as a
minimum qualification for entry, usually one or two years of

study and usually with a thesis requirement.
b.
Doctoral This requires a masters degree as a
minimum qualification for entry. It also requires the student to

do significant original research for his dissertation.
6.4.2.8.2
Article VI: Institutional Facilities
Section 26:
Institutional Sites and Buildings. The school site of
every private higher education institutions must be suitable and

adequate for its activities. The institution should own the site. If not
owned, there should be a definite and feasible program for ownership
thereof within a reasonable period, or reasonable and adequate
provisions for continued use by the school through a long-term lease or
usufruct of at least ten (10) years.
In the selection of a prospective school site, consideration should be
given, among others, to such factors as total floor area required for
occupancy at any one time, traffic situation in the vicinity, a reasonable
distance from other schools already existing, and location and distance
from distractive establishments such as cockpits, dancing halls, bars or
recreational places of questionable character, bowling alleys, movie
houses, market, garbage dumps, funeral parlors, jails, cemeteries and
others.
School buildings shall be designed and constructed in conformity with
the provisions of the Building Code. As much as possible, the school
buildings:
1. Shall be situated that they are sufficiently far from all fire hazards
and that instruction and study can be conducted without undue
interference from neighbors and passing traffic, and so arranged
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that activities going on in classrooms, study rooms, laboratories, or

the library do not interfere with each other;
2. Shall be adequately planned and constructed that in case of fire,
typhoon, earthquake, etc., all students can evacuate the building
promptly and safely;
3. Shall be equipped with fire escapes, fire extinguishers, and other
safety devices;
4. Shall have enough lavatories for both sexes which shall, at all time,
be kept clean;
5. Shall be adequately lighted and ventilated;
6. Shall contain sufficient space, furniture and fixtures fir the general
needs of the administrative staff, faculty and students;
7. Shall not be used for private residence or in any way that might
directly or indirectly interfere with school operations;
8. Shall have an easily accessible and well-furnished, well-equipped
library, as well as administrative offices and faculty rooms;
9. Shall have adequately outfitted laboratories and equipment for the
science courses;
10. Shall have a sufficient area for student personnel services;
11. Shall have allotted specific areas for home economics and other
vocational courses;
12. Shall have adequately planned that classrooms and laboratories
open on to a corridor; and,
13. Shall, if a multi-storey building has at least two staircases with a
minimum width of two meters, subject to government regulations.
Ramps shall be provided for students with special needs as required
by the BP Blg. 344 otherwise known as the Accessibility Law.
All higher education institutions, are also required to provide for

adequate auditoriums, lecture rooms, gymnasiums, and are further
required to be sufficiently equipped to give adequate instruction to the
public.
In addition, the following are required for school sites and buildings:
1. For safety
To ensure the safety of students while in the premises, all higher
education institutions are enjoined strictly to observe and follow
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the applicable provisions of Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1185,

otherwise known as the Fire Code and PD No. 1096, otherwise
known as the National Building Code.
2. For Sanitation, waste Disposal and Environmental Hygiene
In the interest of public health and safety, particularly of students,
faculty
and
non-teaching
personnel,
all
higher
education
institutions are required to conduct appropriate and effective

measures to ensure that all campus facilities and premises are
properly maintained according to sanitation and hygiene standards
as prescribed by the Code of Sanitation of the Philippines and other
pertinent laws.
All higher education institution are also enjoined to: (1) coordinate
closely with local and national government agencies responsible for
sanitation and waste disposal; (2) inspect and undertake remedial
measures where necessary, potable water supply and distribution
systems located in campus; and, (3) institute appropriate preventive
and responsive measures to combat the development and spread of
communicable diseases on campus
6.4.2.9
R. A. No. 9003 Philippine Ecological Solid Waste
Management Act of 2000

It provides the legal framework for the countrys systematic,
comprehensive, and ecological solid waste management program
that shall ensure protection of public health and the environment.
Key features of the Solid Waste Management Act
1. Creation of the National Solid Waste Management Commission
(NSWMC), the National Ecology Center (NEC), and the Solid
Waste Management Board (NSWMB) in every province, city
and municipality in the country.
The NSWMC shall be responsible in the formulation of the
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National Solid Waste Management Framework (NSWMF) and

other
policies
on solid waste
(SW), in
overseeing
the
implementation of solid waste management plans and the

management of the solid waste management fund.
TheNEC,ontheotherhand,shallberesponsibleforconsulting,informati
on, training and networking services relative to the implementation
of R.A.No.9003.
The NSWMB of provinces, cities, and municipalities shall be
responsible for the development of their respective SW
management plans.
1. Formulation of the NSWMF 10-year SW plans by local
government units;
2. Mandatory segregation of SW to be conducted at the source;
3. Setting of minimum requirements to ensure systematic
collection and transport of wastes and the proper protection of
garbage collectors' health;
4. Establishment of reclamation programs and buy-back centers
for recyclable and toxic materials;
5. Promotion of eco-labeling and
prohibition
on
non-
environmentally acceptable products and packaging;

6. Establishment of Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) in every
barangay or cluster of barangays;
7. Prohibition against the use of open dumps and setting of
guidelines/criteria for the establishment of controlled dumps
and sanitary landfills;
8. Provision of rewards, grants and incentives both monetary and
non-monetary to encourage LGUs and the public to undertake
effective SW management;
9. Promotion of research on SWM and environmental education
in the formal and non-formal sectors.
6.4.2.10
R. A. No. 8749 Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
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Provides for a comprehensive air quality management policy and

program which aims to achieve and maintain healthy air for all
Filipinos.
The DENR Secretary, upon recommendation of the EMB, will
divide the country into different air sheds. Air sheds are to be
designated based on climate, weather, meteorology, and topology,
which affect the mixture and diffusion of pollutants in the air,
share common interests or face similar development problems.
These willbemanaged by multi-sectoral Governing Boards chaired
by
theDENRSecretary
concernedgovernmentagencies,
with
the
representatives
private
sector,
from
NGOs
andLGUs.
The Clean Air Act covers all potential sources of air pollution, to
wit:(1) Mobile Sources (eg. motor vehicles); (2) Point or
Stationary
Sources(eg.industrialplants);and(3)AreaSources(eg.woodorcoalbu
rning)
In order to achieve clean air, we need clean fuels. The CAA
provides for the complete phase-out of leaded gasoline; lowering of
the sulfur content of industrial and automotive diesel; lowering of
aromatics and benzene in unleaded gasoline.
Stationary sources must comply with the National Emission
Standards for Source Specific Air Pollutants (NESSAP) and
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and must
secure
theirpermittooperate,priortooperation.Abusinessfirmisfinedofnotmo
rethanP100,000foreverydayofviolationuntilsuchtimethatstandardsar
emetorimprisonmentofnotlessthan6yearsbutnotmorethan10yearsup
onthediscretionofthecourt.ThePollutionAdjudication Board (PAB)
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adjudicates all environmental cases.
6.4.2.11
P. D. 1586 Philippine Environmental Impact
Statement System
Consistent with the continuing effort of the Department of
Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to rationalize and
streamline the implementation of the Philippine Environmental
Impact Statement (EIS) System established under Presidential
Decree (PD) No. 1586, Presidential Proclamation No. 2146
defining the scope of the EIS System and pursuant to
Administrative Order No. 42 issued by the Office of the President
on November 2, 2002, the following rules and regulations are
hereby promulgated;
Article I Basic policy, operating principles, objectives, and
definition of terms.
Section 1. Basic Policy and Operating Principles
Consistent with the principles of sustainable development, it is the
policy of the DENR to implement a systems-oriented and integrated
approach to the EIS system to ensure a rational balance between socioeconomic development and environmental protection for the benefit of
present and future generations.
The following are the key operating principles in the implementation of
the Philippine EIS System:
a. The EIS System is concerned primarily with assessing the direct and
indirect impacts of a project on the biophysical and human
environment and ensuring that these impacts are addressed by
appropriate environmental protection and enhancement measures.
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b. The EIS System aids proponents in incorporating environmental

considerations in planning their projects as well as in determining the
environments impact on their project.
c. Project proponents are responsible for determining and disclosing all
relevant information necessary for a methodical assessment of the
environmental impacts of their projects;
d. The review of the EIS by EMB shall be guided by three general
criteria: (1) that environmental considerations are integrated into the
overall project planning, (2) that the assessment is technically sound
and proposed environmental mitigation measures are effective, and (3)
that social acceptability is based on informed public participation;
e. Effective regulatory review of the EIS depends largely on timely,
full, and accurate disclosure of relevant information by project
proponents and other stakeholders in the EIA process;
f. The social acceptability of a project is a result of meaningful public
participation, which shall be assessed as part of the Environmental
Compliance Certificate (ECC) application, based on concerns related
to the projects environmental impacts;
g. The timelines prescribed by this Order, within which an
Environmental Compliance Certificate must be issued or denied, apply
only to processes and actions within the Environmental Management
Bureaus (EMB) control and do not include actions or activities that
are the responsibility of the proponent.
Article II ECC application processing and approval procedures
Section 4. Scope of the EIS System
4.1 In general, only projects that pose potential significant impact to
the environment shall be required to secure ECCs. In coordination
with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and other concerned
government agencies, the EMB is authorized to update or make
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appropriate revisions to the technical guidelines for EIS System

implementation.
4.2 The issuance of ECC or CNC for a project under the EIS System
does not exempt the proponent from securing other government
permits and clearances as required by other laws.
In determining the scope of the EIS System, two factors are
considered: (i) the nature of the project and its potential to cause
significant negative environmental impacts, and (ii) the sensitivity or
vulnerability of environmental resources in the project area.
4.3 The specific criteria for determining projects or undertakings to be
covered by the EIS System are as follows:
a. Characteristics of the project or undertaking
Size of the project

Cumulative nature of impacts vis--vis other projects
Use of natural resources
Generation of waste and environment-related nuisance
Environment-related hazards and risk of accidents
b. Location of the Project
Vulnerability of the project area to disturbances due to its
ecological importance, endangered or protected status

Conformity of the proposed project to existing land use, based
on approved zoning or on national laws and regulations

Relative abundance, quality and regenerative capacity of
natural resources in the area, including the impact absorptive
capacity of the environment
c. Nature of the potential impact
Geographic extent of the impact and size of affected population

Magnitude and complexity of the impact
Likelihood, duration, frequency, and reversibility of the impact
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The following are the categories of projects/undertakings under the EIS

system:
Category A. Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs) with significant
potential to cause negative environmental impacts
Category B. Projects that are not categorized as ECPs, but which may
cause negative environmental impacts because they are located in
Environmentally Critical Areas (ECA's)
Category C. Projects intended to directly enhance environmental
quality or address existing environmental problems not falling under
Category A or B.
Category D. Projects unlikely to cause adverse environmental impacts.
4.4 Proponents of co-located or single projects that fall under Category
A and B are required to secure ECC. For co-located projects, the
proponent has the option to secure a Programmatic ECC. For eco
zones, ECC application may be programmatic based on submission of
a programmatic EIS, or locator-specific based on submission of project
EIS by each locator.
4.5 Projects under Category C are required submit Project Description.
4.6 Projects classified under Category D may secure a CNC. The
EMB-DENR, however, may require such projects or undertakings to
provide additional environmental safeguards as it may deem necessary.
4.7 Projects/undertakings introducing new technologies or construction
technique but which may cause significant negative environmental
impacts shall be required to submit a Project Description which will be
used as basis by EMB for screening the project and determining its
category.
6.4.2.12
R. A. 9275 Philippine Clean Water Act of

2004
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The law aims to protect the countrys water bodies from land-based
pollution
sources
(industries
and
commercial
establishments,
agriculture and community/household activities) It provides for a

comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent and minimize
pollution through a multi-sectoral and participatory approach
involving all the stakeholders.
Under the Act, discharges of wastewater
shall
be
controlled.
Ownersor operators of facilities that discharge wastewater are

required to get a permit to discharge from the EMB or the Laguna
Lake Development Authority.
Domestic wastewater will be addressed accordingly. The Department
of Public Works and Highways (DPWH), in coordination with local
government units (LGUs) will prepare a national program on sewage
and septage management. On the other hand, LGUs are to provide the
land including road right of the way for the construction of sewage
and/or septage treatment facilities and raise funds for the operations
and maintenance of said facilities.
The Department of Health (DOH) will formulate guidelines and
standards for the collection, treatment and disposal of sewage as well
as the guidelines for the establishment and operation of centralized
sewage treatment system. The water district will provide water supply
and sewerage facilities and to connect existing sewage lines, subject
to the payment of sewerage service charges/fees within five years
following effectivity of this Act.
Anyone discharging wastewater into a water body will have to pay a
waste water charge. This economic instrument will encourage
investments in cleaner production and pollution control technologies
to reduce the amount of pollutants generated and discharged.
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6.4.2.13
Time-Saver Standards for Building Types
A majority of planning principles and general provisions for

Institutional facilities, such as hospitals, schools, and of sports and
recreation will come from the book written by Joseph De Chiara and
Michael J. Crosbie. This book contains information contributed by
experts in the Architectural and Planning field as well as Government
and Educational Institutions that conducts research on Design and
Planning.
6.4.2.13.1
Recreation Centers
Although schools and universities have adequate provision for sports

and recreation facilities for athletic and leisure programs, other existing
age groups are excluded from usage of these facilities. Thus,
communities must depend on public recreation facilities
to
accommodate recreational activities for the community.
6.4.2.13.1.1 Classification of Recreation Centres. The modern

approach to Sports and recreation centres provide adaptability and
multiple-use. The general standard for computing size requirements of
Sports and Recreation facilities are based on square-footage-topopulation ratio. This may be determined by allowing 1 2 sq. ft. per
person to be served (e.g. 8,000 persons = 12,000 sq.ft. in size).
Classifications are as follows.
Type I - Usually constructed in large subdivisions or suburban areas in
a metropolitan setting. It is usually 20,000 sq. ft. Spaces often include:
Gymnasium
Shower and
Locker Rooms
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Administration
offices
Staff offices
Club rooms
Rest Rooms
Arts and crafts
Kitchen
Lounge and
lobby
Sports
room
equipment
storage
Type II The most common type of recreation centre which
can be used in any city or community. Typically ranges from 10,000 sq.
ft. to 20,000 sq. ft. Spaces of Type I can be found in Type II Recreation
Centres.
Type III This type of centre is catered to less populated areas
and is therefore the smallest of the three types.
6.4.2.13.1.2 General Facility Guidelines
a.) Gymnasium proper window placement should always be
at the north and south. Maple flooring is commonly with the cork
spring clip expansion joint installed on all four sides. Minimum
dimensions should be 90 by 100 ft. with a minimum clear vertical
height of 22 ft. to permit a 50 by 84 ft. basketball court. The minimum
dimension should provide space for 325 spectators. Safety panelling
should reach a minimum of 12 ft. Windows are ideally placed above
the panels.
b.) Multi-purpose rooms used for general meetings, games,
dancing, performance practice, concerts, and banquets. Area should be

approximately 2,000 3,000 sq. ft. and should generally be rectangular
in shape with a minimum width of 40 ft. and minimum ceiling height
of 16 ft. Flooring should be non-skid surface and level to accommodate
the intended use.
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c.) Dressing and Locker rooms Must be in close proximity to
gymnasium and located so that people engaging in outdoor activities

have access without going through the building. Locker requirement
ratio: 200 for men; 150 for women. Number of dressing rooms should
be 10% of total number of lockers.
d.) Shower rooms Adequate ventilation is the primary
concern. 4-inch deep gutter with 8 10 inches width along the

perimeter of the shower room will provide adequate drainage provided
that the floor drains toward the gutters. 12 shower heads spaced at a
minimum of 4 ft. and placed 6 ft. above floor level is adequate for the
men; 6 group shower heads and 3 individual shower-and-dressing
booths is adequate.
e.) Lounge and lobby directly adjacent to entrance and must
be close to central office and major activity areas. Suggested size

ranges from 600 800 sq. ft. must be attractively lit with provisions for
bulletin boards, drinking fountains, etc.
f.) Game rooms hosts billiards, table tennis, and other games
and athletic activities which require less space. Approx. 34 by 60 ft.

with adequate storage spaces for equipment. Must be close to offices
for supervision and acoustically treated.
g.) Equipment Storage Openings must be at least 6 ft. wide
with louvered flush doors. They must be adjacent to the gymnasium.

There should be no raised threshold. Minimum size is 250 sq. ft. with
bins, shelves, etc.
h.) Maintenance Storage room varies in size depending on
adjacent outdoor space and size of building. It must be located at
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ground level adjacent to outdoor areas. It is also the headquarters of all

outdoor maintenance operations.
i.) Custodial storage rooms a supply closet must be located on
every floor.
j.) Physical Therapy Facilities must be located on the ground
floor; otherwise, must be accessible via elevator. 70 sq. ft. / person are
required. A minimum size of 1,600 sq. ft. to accommodate both the
activity and equipment is needed. Support spaces such as locker rooms
and toilets must be near. Office spaces for facilitating must be close
and must have constant surveillance.
k.) Weight-Training room Full-length mirrors should be
installed on the walls. Barbell and weight racks must be attached to the
walls. Weight lifting area should be approx. 15 ft. by 15. ft.
l.) Dance rehearsal rooms approximately 400 sq. ft. 6 ft.
mirrors must be installed along at least 1 wall. Ballet rails must be

installed on two opposite sides of the room at ascending heights of 3
ft., 3 ft. 6 inches, and 4 ft. above the floor.
6.4.2.13.1.2 Sports Hall Design and Layout: Updated and
Combined Guidance
Further studies on necessary design and planning guidelines
will be taken from the study made by Sports England, a nondepartmental body under Englands department for Culture, Media, and
Sports.
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6.4.2.13.1.2.1
Specifications
for
Multi-Sports
facilities
A badminton court is regarded as the smallest, practical sports
space. It forms the basis for modular spacing of courts. A sports hall
based on 4 badminton courts are sufficient to accommodate various
sports. 4-court halls have nominal dimensions of 34.5 (L) x 20.0 (W) x
7.5m (H) ; 5 court hall module have nominal dimensions of 40.6 (L) x
21.35 (W) x 7.5 (H) m being the minimum sizes for multi-sport
projects, depending on the range of sports to be accommodated.
6.4.2.13.1.2.1.1
4-Court
Modular
Configuration.
Layout shown in Fig. 6.0 below shows optimum configuration of a

variety of activities based on 4 badminton courts
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Figure 6.6.12.3.1.1
Source: Sports Hall Design and Layout
6.4.2.13.1.3 General Guidelines for Site
The objectives which must be met when designing sites for
Sports Facilities are as follows:
Improved accessibility
Enhanced Amenities
Increased awareness
Co-location with other major community points
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Prioritization of pedestrian, cycling, and public transportation

routes
Prominence of location and visual communications to

encourage use
6.4.2.13.1.4 Faade
Most sports facilities have adapted an industrial look which is

indistinguishable from a factory and it must be avoided. Key design
features for an attractive faade should include:
Prominent Entrance
Well-articulated structure
Prominent Signage
Crisp detailing
High quality roof and wall cladding
6.4.2.13.1.5 Basic Space Requirement
The scale will depend on the size of the facility and the extent
of other services it aims to provide. However, every freestanding sports

hall should include:
Foyer and
reception
Offices
Integral
Equipment
Refreshment
Storage
Hall viewing
area
Changing and
toilet
with seating
Provision for
first aid
Plant room
Cleaners store
accommodations
Facilities for
disabled people
Expanded service shall include spaces for
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Club meeting room

Fitness and exercise studios
Multi-purpose secondary hall
Staff room
Physiotherapy room
All-weather outdoor playing area
Key principles when planning sports halls:
Economical but spatial circulation that permits supervision

NO long and narrow corridors that has an institutional feel
Progression of user circulation should be:
1. Entrance foyer and reception
2 Linked to a social refreshment area
3. Changing rooms and toilet accommodations
4. Main play area
Corridor width variation for PWD:
1,500mm width for non-sports chair areas is effective
(1,200mm is minimum)
2,500mm width for sports chair areas is effective
2,000mm may be used with the provision of 2,500mm width
passing spaces 5m apart.
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6.4.2.13.1.6 Typical Major Sports Hall Arrangement
Figure below shows spatial arrangements of rooms and areas of
sports hall. Areas for play have higher clear vertical height. Rooms
which require natural lighting are also shown.
Figure 6.6.12.1.7
6.4.2.13.1.7 Sports Hall and Centre Planning
Basic space requirements have different planning guidelines
which must be followed for the space to be effective. The size of the
actual playing area will dictate the size of all other spaces.
6.4.2.13.1.7.1
Main Entrance
The entrance foyer is the hub of the building. It must include
ample space for circulation, view notices, and lounge for waiting. Must
be designed to:
Have views towards main sports hall and activity areas
Accessible and secure spaces for pushchairs visible from

reception
Draught lobby to main entrance door
Space for security barriers
A.) Options for foyer design may be:
1. Reception close to entrance w/ queuing advantageous due
to close control of people going inside the facility
2. Informal Hotel Arrangement advantageous due to a more
welcoming atmosphere.
B.) For dual-use centres, separate entrance for the general
public and school use may be implemented. Entrance for general

public must be adjacent to carpark and entrance for student use must be
directly accessed from the school grounds.
6.4.2.13.1.7.2
Design should provide / be:
Reception and Office Accommodation
Prominent reception area
Open design
Storage for lost and found items
Monitoring of fire and security
Note that only in dual-use facilities where programming for
club activities is predominant can the open reception be replaced with

the counter-type reception. Reception and office accommodation
should be closely linked. For bigger sports facilities, an island-type
reception counter is ideal.
Office spaces must be:
Located on external wall to facilitate daylight and views
Minimum office area for 1 administrator with storage
For larger facilities, separate office spaces for specialists with

their own toilet facilities separated from general public use.
6.4.2.13.1.7.3
Larger halls can have their bleachers integrated on the wall
Bleachers and Spectator Seating
with an access from the first floor. Smaller ones may utilize foldable
seats.
6.4.2.13.1.7.4
Changing areas should be able to cope with maximum
Changing Capacity
occupancy levels. Calculations should take into consideration:
For small fitness equipment rooms changing spaces are often

provided for each item of equipment (based on 5 m2 of floor
area) but for larger facilities this can be discounted by 25-30%
Aerobics and ancillary areas require one space per 5m2 10m2
Have entrances that screen off views from circulation for

privacy
Design should allow a minimum of 1.6m2 per person with

0.5m wide bench for group changing areas.
6.4.2.13.1.7.5
Lockers can be placed along corridor that can be supervised by
Shower and Locker Area
staff to deter vandalism, while lockers placed in shower areas are more
convenient for users. In most cases, mixed placement is implemented.
Allow 2.5 times the assessed occupancy for lockers
Typically, manufacturers supply locker units that are 0.5 m

deep, 0.3 m wide and arranged in 1.8 m high columns.
1 shower area for every 6 changing spaces. Separate drying

area should be observed
Showers on opposite sides of the wall should be 2.5m apart to

allow central circulation. Dry offs for each side should be
located at the ends.
6.4.2.13.1.7.6
Adequate storage appropriately placed can help sports halls to
Equipment and Storage
function efficiently. Observe the following:
12.5% of the total hall floor area for storage space
Locate storage spaces on the long side of the court. If not

possible, split the space between the opposite ends of the court.
Entrances should be wide with clear height of 2.5m
6.4.2.13.1.7.7
Toilets may be planned to have common access with the lobby
Toilet Accommodations
and changing rooms. It is more economical and emphasizes service.

Standard provisions are as follows:
Male: 1 W.C., 1 washbasin, one urinal per 15 20 users
Female: 1 W.C. per 7 10 users ; 1 washbasin per 15 users.
1 unisex toilet provision for every public toilet accommodation.
6.4.2.13.1.7.8
Design the room to accommodate shared use with facility staff.
First Aid / Physiotherapy Room
It must be equipped with a restroom. A clear space of 1.6m x 2m is

recommended
6.4.2.13.1.7.8
Recommended secondary spaces include dance, exercise,
Secondary and Ancillary Spaces
martial arts, fitness and equipment storage areas.
Minimum practical floor area is 25m2.
80m2 100m2 is the norm for sports halls with a ceiling height
of 3.5m 4m.
Ancillary spaces range upwards from a size of 10 x 10 x 3.5m.

Storage is equal to 10% of the ancillary hall.
Dance studios require about 15 x 12 x 4.5m dimension.
6.4.2.13.1.7.9
The hall is a multi-functional space that should be designed
Detailed Design of Sports Halls
with safety margin dimensions and clear unobstructed height

requirements. Observe the following:
Flush wall, floor, and ceiling surfaces. Unnecessary dcor

should be avoided
Provision for natural lighting
Doors should open outwards to avoid interference of people

within the facility
Columns and beams should run between badminton courts
Columns must be set wholly or partly within external walls.

They should not project into the building.
Structural decks are preferred than purlins.
Recommended flooring are of timber materials such as beech,

maple or oak (solid or veneer)
6.4.2.13.1.7.9.1
Recommended material is color-coated steel cladding. Cedar
External Facades
boards can be used as an alternative. External doors and windows and

their frames must be aluminum, powder-coated steel, PVC, or
hardwood.
6.4.2.13.1.7.9.2
Roof must be uniform, preferable white, with high reflectance.
Roof and Ceiling
Minimal acoustic absorption is allowed. Roof deckings must span main

beams.
6.4.2.14
B. P. 344 Accessibility Law and Its
Implementing Rules and Regulations
6.4.2.14.1
A. General Provisions
1. Accessible Ramps
1.1 Changes in level shall require a ramp except when served
by a dropped sidewalk, curb ramp, an elevator, or other mechanical

device.
1.2 Accessible ramps shall have the following facilities and
features:
1.2.1 Minimum clear width of 1.20 m.
1.2.2 Gradient not steeper than 1:12.
Figure 6.6.13.1.1
6.6.13.1.2
Design Of Ramp Wider Than 1.20 M. But Not Less

Than 3000 Mm. Requiring Intermediate Handrails
Figure
Figure 6.6.13.1.3
1.2.3 For accessible ramps 3m or more in width, provide
intermediate handrails at the center. Use of double J type handrail

supports are recommended.
1.2.4. Maximum length of 6.00 m.: Accessible ramps with a
total length longer than 6.00 m shall be provided with intermediate

landings with a minimum length of 1.50 m.
1.2.5 Level area not less than 1.80 m at the top and bottom of
any ramp.
1.2.6 Handrails on both sides of the ramp at 700 mm and 900
mm from the floor of the ramp. (See Fig. A.4.1; A.4.2)
1.2.7 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided
at the top and bottom of ramps.
1.2.8 Curbs on both sides of the ramp with a minimum height
of 100 mm.
Figure 6.6.13.1.4
1.3 Any ramp with a rise greater than 170 mm and leads down
towards an area where vehicular traffic is possible, should have a

railing across the full width of its lower end, not less than 1.80 meters
from the foot of the ramp.
Figure 6.6.13.1.5
2. Slip Resistant Materials
2.1. Slip resistant materials shall have a Coefficient of Friction
of 0.6 for level surfaces and 0.8 for sloping surfaces (ASTM).
2.2. If carpets or carpet tiles are used on a floor surface:
2.2.1. it shall be securely attached;
2.2.2. have a firm cushion, pad, or backing;
2.2.3. have a level loop, textured loop, level cut pile, or
level cut/uncut pile texture;
2.2.4. maximum pile thickness shall be 13 mm;
2.2.5. Exposed edges of carpet shall be fastened to floor
surfaces and have trim along the entire length of the exposed
edge;
2.2.6. Carpet edge trim shall comply with 4.5.2.
Appendix Note (ADA).
3. Handrails and Grab Bars
3.1. Handrails shall be required for accessible ramps for
changes in grade higher than 170 mm.
3.2. Handrails shall be installed at both sides of ramps and
stairs. Handrails may be provided at dropped sidewalks but should not

be installed beyond the width of any crossing so as not to obstruct
pedestrian traffic.
3.3. Handrails shall be installed at 900 mm and 700 mm above
stairs or ramps.
Figure 6.6.13.1.6
Figure 6.6.13.1.7
3.4. Railings for protection should be installed at a height of
1100mm minimum, measured from the top of the rail to the finish floor
for ramps, balconies, landings or porches which are more than 750 mm
above adjacent grade. These shall be installed in addition to the
handrails required for accessible ramps (Section C, Item 2). (per NBC
Rule XII under Guard Rails.)
3.5. A 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided
at the top and bottom of ramps and stairs.
Figure 6.6.13.1.8
3.6. Handrails and grab bars that require full grip should have
an outside diameter of 38 mm (minimum) to 45 mm (maximum).
3.7. Handrails attached to walls should have a minimum clear
distance of 50 mm from the wall. Handrails on ledges should have a

minimum clear distance of 40 mm.
3.8. Stair handrails shall be continuous throughout the entire
length and around landings less than 2100 mm in length, except where
it is
intersected by an alternative path of ravel or has an entry door
leading into it.
4. Parking
4.1. Accessible Parking Slot Requirement
Where parking spaces are required to be provided, the number
of accessible parking lots for vehicles driven by persons with

disabilities or vehicles with passengers with disabilities shall be in
accordance with Table B.1.1 below:
The building management should impose appropriate sanctions
for the unauthorized use of the reserved parking slots for vehicles of
PWDs.
4.2. Parking slots for persons with disabilities should allow
enough space for a person to transfer from a vehicle to a wheelchair.
4.3. Accessible parking slots shall be located nearest to
accessible main entrances.
4.4. PWDs should be on board the vehicle to be able to use the
reserved parking space for PWDs (for control use). In addition, an

access parking sticker/card is required with control number.
4.5. Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking slots
should be perpendicular or to an angle to the road or circulation aisles.
4.6. Parallel parking is discouraged unless it can be situated so
that persons entering and exiting vehicles will be out of the flow of
traffic.
4.7. Accessible parking slots shall have:
4.7.1 A minimum width of 3.70 m and a length of 5.00
4.7.2 A walkway with a minimum clear width of 1.20
m.
m. provided between the front ends of parked cars.
4.7.3 Dropped sidewalks or curb ramps leading to the
parking level where access walkways are raised.
6.5.
Case Studies
6.5.1
Beton
Hala
Waterfront
dRN
Architects
The building will become a new architectural landmark in
Belgrade housing, in a single iconic structure, a multi-programmatic

edifice and perhaps more importantly will become a dynamic hub for
visitors. A superior pedestrian connection between the river front, the
platform (the Park where BHWC is embedded) and the Fortress level
is a decisive goal of our project.
URBAN PIECE The resulting BHWC building becomes an
essential urban element; a design endeavored to connect and attract

visitors and locals, over a stand-alone building. Consequently our
project considers maximizing the usable public area by occupying the
buildings roofs. Low-pitched volumes (6 to 8%) become a gentle
connecting promenade, both a contemporary piece of the Kalemegdan
Park and a building itself. This winding walkway offers unique views
over the Sava River and Kosancicev Venac area, where circulating
people are invited to stay and behold the scenery. The resulting
elongated structure is respectful to the local context and unobtrusive to
the landmarks, reinforcing the outline of the hill; a dignifying base for
the Belgrade Fortress.
LOCAL IDENTITY Contemporary in appearance, the BHWC
proposal considers local culture as a major motivation source, not just

to blend in but to properly represent the current spirit of the city. The
floorplan is designed as a continuous alternation of slabs or volumes
similar in size and proportion to the old star-like Belgrade Fortress
walls, with the new building unwinding and finally ending in the lower
BHWC Park.
As the building is meant to be an architectural
landmark, it is entirely represented and projected in white colors and

materials, echoing and stressing Belgrades White City title.
Figure 6.5.2
The layout of the building has been planned keeping in mind
the Belgrades population who enjoys the outdoors and spend a lot of
time in public places throughout the year. This characteristic gives way
to propose an open occupation of the ground, an outwards facing
building. Restaurants, clubs, cafes, a multi-use auditorium and shops
have easy and continuous access to the platform and the Beton Hala.
The sole exception being The BH Gallery; the only program detached
from the ground, pursuing the more silent and controlled ambiance
required for such purpose. The roof ramps increase the public ground
area, making
them an ideal place to relax and spend time, whilst having
attractive views of the city and the Sava River. The park towards
Kosancicev Venac is respectfully free of construction in an attempt to
draw the attention to the city skyline, where an enhanced pedestrian
communication over Karadjordjeva Street is proposed.
TRANSPORTATION NODE As a complex hub which
summons diverse public and private transportation means, the project

priorities the clearance of the platform, especially the river border.
Strategically, this is organized as follows:
Figure 6.5.3
STRUCTURE The ramping volumes are formed by 5 compact
aerial steel-frame parallelepipeds. The underground and first level

concrete building support the first ramp volume as it begins to ascend.
The following volumes are supported by concrete hollow columns.
Similar to the structure of a bridge, the aesthetically designed
perimeter trusses provides structure, allowing for an open plan internal
space. The steel-frame structure is clad in further insulation and
finishing layers. On the facades, frost insulated glazing is mounted,
and marble is installed on top of the roofs, following the Parks
material continuous effect.
Figure 6.5.4
CIRCULATION SCHEME The BHWC building is served by a
multifaceted alternation of internal and external ramps, as the main circulation

walkway. Direct access is granted anyways in every strategic node, occupying
the hollow structural columns. Inside the columns, vertical connections are
planned, containing the lifts, staircase and technical shafts. Externally the floor
ramps have access to specificpoints of connection, specifically The Tower, the
main vertical connecting node. The BHWC also considers a bridge, spanning
the gap between the building and Kalemegdan Park. The promoters program
requirements have been assigned to specific volumes, keeping a logical and
strategic interrelation. Public spaces inside the building can be accessed by
direct or indirect means.
SUSTAINABILITY BRIEF The design and specification of the
BHWC building proposal aims to meet the most up to date sustainability

benchmarks. Strategies are selected to build a Zero Carbon building in order to
make of it not only a representative architectural landmark but also a model
for Serbians current environmental agenda; a wholesome and thorough
sustainable statement. In terms of benchmarks, the BHWC aims to be built to
meet cutting edge energy-efficiency standards, and be BREEAM excellent
(UK) /LEED platinum (US) certified, among other local requirements. In

order to achieve this, Belgrade climate has been analyzed to propose the more
suitable strategy. As a city with moderate continental climate, both overheating
and low temperatures can be expected. Suitable strategies have to be properly
selected to reduce the energy load. Based on BREEAM indicators the issues
that have been addressed are:
Figure 6.5.5
ENERGY
1.1 Passive strategies; minimizing energy requirements The single,
most relevant strategy is correct orientation. Our proposal organizes mostly

elongated North-South volumes, leaving relatively neutral large East-West
facades. This exposure contains the commerce and Gallery area, a zone which
benefits from deflected sunlight. The South facing nodes are designed to host
the more public areas such as The BH Gallerys restaurant, offices and terrace
which can benefit from sun exposure. On the opposite, inward facing
programs such as the auditorium, clubs and the Conference Hall are
strategically located at the North end. Finally the ground-level restaurants
facing the Sava River have an internal space and a summer external extension
with sun-shading eaves.
Natural ventilation schemes are designed to tackle overheating and
provide a healthy internal environment. During the summertime, the

predominant South-Eastern wind, the Koava is stronger between 5:00 and
10:00 (Glossary of Meteorology, 2010). The BHWC commerce and gallerys
potential overheating can be effectively downsized with night cooling
strategies, profiting from the favorable cooler dawn wind. During the daytime,
protruding eaves will deflect most of the direct sunlight, which is enhanced by
cross ventilation. The commercial building is proposed as a mix-mode
building.
Natural lighting is a major energy-saving measure in the project. Frost
glazing on the facades provides several effects: the BHWC white appearance;
translucent shades and depth effects; inverts the day-night manifestation of the
building; but most importantly, provides positive internal daylight values. The
depth plan is relatively narrow, proportioned to the facade height in order to
provide sufficient (+300 lumens) natural light to every corner. This is
reinforced by square lightwells in specific points of the building where the
floorplan depth is greater than required, which is also repeated in the parking
underground floors.
Figure 6.5.6
Superinsulation standards (Passivhaus (Germany) similar) are to be
specified for the buildings fabric, having particular attention on the glazed
facades, which have to comply with very low energy transmission values (max
1.2 W/m2K). Particular attention has been paid to ensure the reduction of
thermal bridging to negligible values of y=0.03. The design also pays
particular attention to the minimization of heat loss, ensuring air tightness
levels of 1m3/h/m2.
1.2 Active strategies; energy generation Due to the Sava River vicinity,
an interesting technology that can be implemented is aquifer thermal energy

storage (ATES). The technology uses two boreholes drilled into the aquifer.
During summer, groundwater is extracted via one borehole to provide cooling,
while unwanted heat is pumped into the aquifer via the second borehole. In
winter flows are reversed, extracting warmer water to provide heating. ATES
provides all of the heating and cooling needs and meets 18% of the buildings
entire energy requirement. The remaining needs are proposed to be met with
local generation systems. A biomass Central Heat and Power is proposed as a
suitable option. The CHP provides both the energy supply and the heating to
achieve winter comfort. The entire general lighting system is to be
implemented with LED technology and other low energy equipments such
CFL.
TRANSPORTATION As previously mentioned the BHWC is a major
transportation hub. Schemes to encourage public access and bicycle use are to
be implemented. Part of the parking garage is proposed to be used as a car
pooling scheme to promote car share.
MATERIALS As much as possible, construction materials are to be
obtained locally. Both the building and the park are largely covered in stone
(limestone, granite, marble) preferably from national quarries. Our project
encourages the use of recycled materials such as the structural steel. Preferring
the local industry promotes the local area and diminishes the materials carbon
footprint. Low embodied materials such as timber are largely proposed in the
interiors. Timber has to be FSC certified.
LAND USE AND ECOLOGY The BHWC project is a major urban
recovery of an underused site, due to its strategic location. The significant

increase of the pedestrian area and promenade connections in this proposal
would be a great benefit to the area. The design promotes a landscaping design
which encourages the plantation of local plants and trees, strategically located
to provide linear shading within the BHWC Park. Biodiversity is promoted by
echoing the local vegetation. The land obtained from the excavation is
proposed to be relocated in a local project (road work or construction).
6.5.1
Therapeutic Pools for La Esperanza School / FUSTER +
Architects
The Pools are designed as a therapeutic facility for use by children
with physical disabilities between the ages of 5 and 16 years. The facilities are
open to the public but will be used primarily by students of La Esperanza
School; thus the yellowish- green verde esperanza color of the exterior and
the word esperanza (hope) written on the bottom of the main pool. This is
the first structure of its kind in Puerto Rico.
The
design
incorporates the following premises:
The project is located in an empty parking lot adjacent to the La

Esperanza School. This location provides a
connection between the pools and the school by
means of a pedestrian passage that connects the
two sites. This location also helped to maintain
a low budget and provides space for a future
expansion of the project.
The protagonists of the space are the
light and the sky. One of the most important

intentions of the project was to create a unique
space where natural light constantly transforms
the atmosphere inside; creating a direct
connection between the user and nature and
facilitating the healing process.
Every pool is treated as a

courtyard; a prototypical Puerto
Rican design element rooted in
the colonial and vernacular architectures of the island. From

within the pools the ceiling apertures with their tall cylindrical
parapets frame the sky generating a direct relationship between
users and the celestial sphere. This is important because
children receive therapies while floating on their backs, looking

upwards.
The
design
focuses
on
empowering the user, highlighting and promoting the spatial

experience rather than the clinical requirements necessary for a
therapeutic space, while still meeting all the requirements of

universal design. This differentiates this project from other
projects of its kind which tend to focus on highly visible
clinical requirements such as ramps and handrails, putting in
second place the user experience.
The material used for construction (a structural concrete

insulated panel composed of a thermally insulating foam core
coated with structural mortar) keeps the space at a comfortable
temperature while the introverted design blocks exterior
distractions while still allowing for ample natural light.
The
cylindrical
shapes and curves of

the
project
accentuate
the
introverted
and
tranquil character of
the space creating a
relaxed
and
welcoming
atmosphere for the
therapies to occur. A
small stream of water
flowing into the main
pool, while working as part of the filtration system, also
generates a subtle splashing sound creating an atmosphere of
tranquility, relaxation and peace. In contrast to the bright
exterior the interior finishes are predominantly white and
neutral, keeping with the calming therapeutic nature of the
space.

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SAN BEDA CREATE

COLLEGE OF REHABILITATION AND TREATMENT ENTERPRISE

Technical Design Data Presentation

Interview with DOH

The interview was conducted to Architect Raymundo personally, she is the

Proper and attentive services such as emergency areas are crucial

diagnosis and treatment

SAN BEDA CREATE

Survey Results Interpretation

Sports with the most number of participants were:

SAN BEDA CREATE

COLLEGE OF REHABILITATION AND TREATMENT ENTERPRISE

The usual injury they experienced

When asked about the familiarity regarding Sports Medicine and

For future reference

When respondents were asked about the condition of healthcare facilities

SAN BEDA CREATE

COLLEGE OF REHABILITATION AND TREATMENT ENTERPRISE

Is there any supporting system?

100% working, no need to improve or change anything

Respondents personal opinion on current condition of healthcare facilities that

Dirty, smelly and depressing 57 %

Respondents reason why they choose not to go to rehabilitation facilities

Mental hospital like facility

Active recreational activities

Healing with nature

SAN BEDA CREATE

Open spaces for recreational activities

City Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance

SAN BEDA CREATE

SAN BEDA CREATE

SAN BEDA CREATE

(a) Promotion of inter-modal transportation systems, taking into account

SAN BEDA CREATE

SAN BEDA CREATE

Institutional land use, dominated by government offices and facilities, both

No increase in the area for national government institutions is foreseen in

There is a need for additional institutional space for local-level services in

SAN BEDA CREATE

Each of the mini-civic centers to be established in each of the growth

Places of amusement and indoor recreation such as night clubs, dance

In the selection of sites for institutional use factors such as geographical

A minimum of 3-meter easement through-out the entire length of rivers

Special policies requiring easements other than the minimum 3-meter

Road rights-of-way shall be provided to connect different functional

people, goods, services and communication.

SAN BEDA CREATE

All natural waterways shall be identified and rights of way established

specifically separated in the title of the subject property.

The required three-meter easement along waterways shall be reckoned

Solid Waste Management System

The location/site of solid waste management facilities shall be in

Specifically for sanitary landfill, the site must

SAN BEDA CREATE

internalize the value of environmentally sound and sustainable solid

Solid waste facilities like materials recovery facility, reduction and

6.3.2.1 P. D. 1096 National Building Code of the Philippines and

SAN BEDA CREATE

(a) All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto

Section 105. Site Requirements.

SAN BEDA CREATE

(a) Buildings proposed for construction shall be identified according to

SAN BEDA CREATE

Chapter VIII: Light And Ventilation