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, PhD
Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech
Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction
Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction
Course Description
Session 3: August 21 Shear Connections, Part I
This live webinar provides an overview of various types of
shear connections including the advantages and
disadvantages of each. Design considerations for shear
connections, a review of limit states for block shear and
flexural strength in coped beams, and shear end-plate and
double angle connection design will be discussed. Design
examples will be presented to demonstrate the concepts
discussed.
Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction
Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, participants will be able to:
Gain familiarity with typical shear connections.
Gain an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of
typical shear connections.
Gain familiarity with design considerations for shear
connections including block shear and flexural strength in
coped beams.
Gain familiarity with shear end-plate and double angle
connection design.
Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction
SCHEDULE
SHEAR
CONNECTIONS
PART I
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TOPICS
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Moment, M
M = 0.2M F
Framing or Shear
Connections
Rotation,
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Shear End-Plate
Double Angles
Single Angle
Single Plate or Shear Tab
Tee Framing Connections
Unstiffened Seated Connections
Stiffened Seated Connections
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1 1/4" Minimum
Edge Distance
Advantages:
Simple Few Parts
End Plate
No Holes in Beam
Note: End Plate Thickness Range is 1/4" to 3/8"
Disadvantages:
Requires Beam to be Cut to Exact Length
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Advantages:
Beam Length can Vary
Weld or Bolt to Beam
Disadvantages:
2 Angles
Double Sided Connections into Column
Webs are an Erection Problem
Shared Bolts are an Erection Safety Issue
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Return
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Advantages:
Eliminates Erection
Problem
Fewer Parts
Disadvantages:
Larger Angle Required Bolted and Welded Alternatives
Larger Bolts or Weld
Cannot Resist Axial Forces
Comment: Not recommended for laterally
unbraced beams.
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Single Plate
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TEE CONNECTIONS
Min. Clearance
"k" Distance + 1/4"
Advantages:
One Sided
Disadvantages:
Tee can be Heavy
Stiffer than Other Types except Shear Tab
Comment:
Sometimes used to connect to concrete
wall or existing construction
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Tee
Concrete Wall
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Stabilizer
Clip
2"
Alternate
Clip Position
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Seat Angle
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Stabilizer
Clip
2"
Alternate
Clip Position
Seat Plate
Stiffener
Optional
Trim Lines
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Design Considerations
Where is the pin?
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Design Considerations
Where is the pin?
Answer: At the most flexible side of the
connection.
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Design Considerations
Where is the pin?
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Design Considerations
Ductility Considerations
Angle thickness < 5/8 in.
Wide gage
Wide vertical weld spacing
Stability Consideration
Depth of Connection > T/2
(T is clear distance between fillets)
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Design Considerations
Beam Length Tolerance +/- 1/4 in.
For design:
Setbacks in calculations are usually 1/2 in.
End edge distances are taken in calcs 1/4
in. less than detailed.
+/- in.
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Design Considerations
Beam Length Tolerance
1/2" setback
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Design Considerations
Beam Length Tolerance
Minus in Design Calcs
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Design Considerations
Effective Weld Length
When a weld terminates in the air, the
dimensioned weld length is reduced by
the weld size for calculations except for
angles welded to a beam web.
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Design Considerations
Effective Weld Length because of
Welding in the air.
Shear
End-Plate
Lw
Leff = Lw 2 tw
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Single-Row Beam
End Connections
Ubs = 1.0
Ubs = 0.5
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ho
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2E
tw
fk Fy
Fcr =
2 h
12(1 ) o
2
t
= 26,210 w fk Fy
ho
AISCM (9-7)
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ho
Vu = 40 k
3"
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Mn = Fy Snet
= 0.9 x 50 x 8.37
= 377 in.-kips
Vu = 40 k
3"
W14x30
Mu = Vu e = 40.0 (8.5)
= 340 in.-kips < 377 in.-kips
Adequate
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SHEAR END-PLATES
1 1/4" Minimum
Edge Distance
End Plate
Note: End Plate Thickness Range is 1/4" to 3/8"
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32 11 23
4, 5
3
2 11 2
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3 12 "
3"
114"
2@3"
114"
W14x30
A992
Vn
3/16
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8"
Vn
3"
W14x30
A992
Vn
3"
W14x30
A992
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3"
W14x30
A992
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3 2"
6"
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3 2"
6"
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114 "
3"
3"
Shear Yield
Rn = min Shear Rupture+ Ubs FuAnt
114 "
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114 "
114 "
3"
3"
-Tension Rupture
114 "
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78.3
+ 1.0 x 23.6 = 101.9 k
min 88.1
Vn = 0.75 x 101.9 = 76.4 k
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3 12 "
2@3"
114"
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3 12 "
114"
2@3"
114"
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3 12"
3"
114"
2@3"
114"
W14x30
A992
Vn
3/16
DOUBLE ANGLE
CONNECTIONS
Welded / Bolted
Horizontal short slots
may be used in angles
2 Angles
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2 Angles
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4"
1"
2
2"
1"
4
3"
3"
11
4"
3/16
W14x30 A992
tw = 0.27 in.
E70xx
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Shear Area
Tension area
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V n
c.g.
Vn = C C1 D L
= 0.75
C = effective weld coefficient
from Table 8-8
L C1 = Fu of weld metal / 70
D = number of 1/16 ths
xL
kL
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ex = aL
Vn
c.g.
L
xL
kL
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Table 8-8
Rn = CC1Dl
= 0.75
Parameters:
C1 = 1.0
k = 0.26
x = 0.0465
x&aC
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L
xL
kL
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Vn =
0.6 Fu t w (1.0)
100
(1.392)(2x3)(1.0)
= 94.8
94.8k (Weld Strength Controls)
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1"
2
2"
112"
W14x30 A992
tw = 0.27 in.
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W14x30
A992
tw = 0.27 in. 2"
812"
4"
1/4"
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Vn = b Fy Snet / e
b = 0.9
Snet from Table 9-2
2"
4"
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Vn /2
L/6
Tension, f t
CL
Web
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(Vn 2)
L
Mo = 0
ft = 1.8
L/6
1 5 2 Vn
e
f t L L =
2 6 3 2
Vn /2
Tension, ft
Vn e
L2
CL
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Vn
L + 12.96 e
e
O
2 L2
with f w = 1.392D
1.392 DL
R n = 2
2
2
1 + 12.96 e / L
Vn /2
L/6
Tension, ft
CL
Web
(AISCM p.10-11)
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812"
Return
4"
@ Top
1/4"
3/4 A325-N Bolts
E70XX
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2 L2 (1.392 D)
Vn =
L2 + 12.96 e 2
2 (8.5)2 (1.392 4)
=
8.5 2 + 12.96 (3)2
= 58.5 k
Note: Weld returns (2tw) at top of angles
have been neglected
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End of Session 3
Thank You for
Attending
Next Up
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Next Session
August 21, 2014 Shear Connections Part I
August 28, 2014 Shear Connections Part II
Topics
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4-Session Registrants
CEU/PDH Certificates
One certificate will be issued at the conclusion of
all 4 sessions.
Thank You
Please give us your feedback!
Survey at conclusion of webinar.
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