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Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E.

, PhD
Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

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Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

AISC Live Webinars


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Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

AISC Live Webinars


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The American Institute of Steel Construction 2014

Course Description
Session 3: August 21 Shear Connections, Part I
This live webinar provides an overview of various types of
shear connections including the advantages and
disadvantages of each. Design considerations for shear
connections, a review of limit states for block shear and
flexural strength in coped beams, and shear end-plate and
double angle connection design will be discussed. Design
examples will be presented to demonstrate the concepts
discussed.

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Learning Objectives
At the end of this program, participants will be able to:
Gain familiarity with typical shear connections.
Gain an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of
typical shear connections.
Gain familiarity with design considerations for shear
connections including block shear and flexural strength in
coped beams.
Gain familiarity with shear end-plate and double angle
connection design.

Fundamentals of Connection Design


Session 3: Shear Connections Part I
August 21, 2014
Presented by
Thomas M. Murray, Ph.D., P.E.
Emeritus Professor
Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

SCHEDULE

July 31, 2014


August 7, 2014
August 21, 2014
August 28, 2014

Fundamental Concepts Part I


Fundamental Concepts Part II
Shear Connections Part I
Shear Connections Part II

SHEAR
CONNECTIONS
PART I

10

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

TOPICS

Types of Framing Connections


Design Considerations
New Limit States for Framing Connections
Shear End-Plate Connections
Double Angle Connections

11

FRAMING (SHEAR) CONNECTIONS


Type I, FR Moment Connection
M = 0.9M F

Moment, M

Typical Beam Line

Type III, PR Moment Connection


M = 0.5M F

M = 0.2M F

Type II, Simple Shear


Connection

Framing or Shear
Connections
Rotation,
12

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

TYPES OF FRAMING CONNECTIONS

Shear End-Plate
Double Angles
Single Angle
Single Plate or Shear Tab
Tee Framing Connections
Unstiffened Seated Connections
Stiffened Seated Connections

13

SHEAR END-PLATE CONNECTIONS

1 1/4" Minimum
Edge Distance

Advantages:
Simple Few Parts
End Plate
No Holes in Beam
Note: End Plate Thickness Range is 1/4" to 3/8"
Disadvantages:
Requires Beam to be Cut to Exact Length

14

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

15

DOUBLE ANGLE CONNECTIONSS


Horizontal short slots
may be used in angles

Advantages:
Beam Length can Vary
Weld or Bolt to Beam
Disadvantages:
2 Angles
Double Sided Connections into Column
Webs are an Erection Problem
Shared Bolts are an Erection Safety Issue
16

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

17

DOUBLE ANGLE CONNECTIONS


2 Angles

18

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

19

DOUBLE ANGLE CONNECTIONS


2 Angles

20

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

10

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

21

DOUBLE ANGLE CONNECTIONS


2 Angles

Return
@ Top

Double Angle Knife Connection


22

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

11

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

SINGLE ANGLE CONNECTIONS


Return
@ Top

Advantages:
Eliminates Erection
Problem
Fewer Parts
Disadvantages:
Larger Angle Required Bolted and Welded Alternatives
Larger Bolts or Weld
Cannot Resist Axial Forces
Comment: Not recommended for laterally
unbraced beams.

23

24

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

12

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

SHEAR TAB or SINGLE PLATE CONNECTIONS


Advantages:
Simple Few Parts
No Welding on Beam
Can be Designed to Resist
Axial Force
Disadvantages:
Stiffer than Other Types
Requires Careful Design

Single Plate

25

26

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

13

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

TEE CONNECTIONS

Min. Clearance
"k" Distance + 1/4"

Advantages:
One Sided
Disadvantages:
Tee can be Heavy
Stiffer than Other Types except Shear Tab
Comment:
Sometimes used to connect to concrete
wall or existing construction
Return
@ Top

Tee

Concrete Wall

27

UNSTIFFENED SEATED CONNECTIONS


Advantages:
Few Parts
Few Bolts
Disadvantages:
Requires Stability
Angle
Limited strength
Cannot Resist Axial Force
Comment: Commonly used to connect to
the web of a column.
4"

Stabilizer
Clip

2"

Alternate
Clip Position

Return
@ Top

Seat Angle

28

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

14

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

STIFFENED SEATED CONNECTION


Advantages:
Few Parts
Few Bolts
Disadvantages:
Requires Stability
Angle
Introduces a Column Web Limit State
Comment:
Commonly used to connect to the web of
a column.
4"

Stabilizer
Clip

2"

Alternate
Clip Position

Seat Plate

Stiffener

Optional
Trim Lines

29

30

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

15

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Design Considerations
Where is the pin?

31

Design Considerations
Where is the pin?
Answer: At the most flexible side of the
connection.

32

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

16

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Design Considerations
Where is the pin?

33

Design Considerations
Ductility Considerations
Angle thickness < 5/8 in.
Wide gage
Wide vertical weld spacing
Stability Consideration
Depth of Connection > T/2
(T is clear distance between fillets)
34

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

17

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Design Considerations
Beam Length Tolerance +/- 1/4 in.
For design:
Setbacks in calculations are usually 1/2 in.
End edge distances are taken in calcs 1/4
in. less than detailed.
+/- in.

Beam Length +/- in.

35

Design Considerations
Beam Length Tolerance

1/2" setback
36

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

18

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Design Considerations
Beam Length Tolerance
Minus in Design Calcs

37

Design Considerations
Effective Weld Length
When a weld terminates in the air, the
dimensioned weld length is reduced by
the weld size for calculations except for
angles welded to a beam web.

38

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

19

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Design Considerations
Effective Weld Length because of
Welding in the air.

Shear
End-Plate

Lw

Leff = Lw 2 tw

39

New Limit States


Block Shear in Coped Beams
- Bolted at Web
- Welded at Web

Coped Beam Flexural Strength

40

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

20

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

Block Shear in Coped Beams

41

Block Shear in Coped Beams


AISCS Section J4.3
Block Shear Strength
= 0.75
Rn = 0.6FuAnv+UbsFuAnt
< 0.6FyAgv +Ubs FuAnt
Ubs = 1.0 when tension stress is uniform
= 0.5 otherwise
Shear Yield
Rn = min Shear Rupture+ Ubs FuAnt
42

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

21

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Block Shear in Coped Beams

Single-Row Beam
End Connections

Ubs = 1.0

Ubs = 0.5

See AISC Commentary Figure C-J4.2

43

Single Coped Beam

See AISCM pp. 9-6 to 9-9


44

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

22

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

ho

Double Coped Beam

See AISCM pp. 9-6 to 9-9


45

Coped Beam Flexural Strength


Mu = Ru e < b Mn
Flexural Yielding
b Mn = 0.90 Fy Snet
Snet = net section modulus
Local Web Buckling
bMn = b Fcr Snet
46

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

23

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Coped Beam Flexural Strength


For Single Cope
bMn = b Fcr Snet
Limitations: c < 2 d
dc < d / 2
2

2E

tw
fk Fy
Fcr =
2 h
12(1 ) o
2

t
= 26,210 w fk Fy
ho

AISCM (9-7)
47

Coped Beam Flexural Strength


For Single Cope
bMn = b Fcr Snet
Fcr = 26,210 (tw / ho)2 f k < Fy
f = 2 (c / d) for c / d < 1.0
f = 1 + (c / d) for c / d > 1.0
k = 2.2 (ho / c)1.65 for c / ho < 1.0
k = 2.2 (ho / c) for c / ho > 1.0
48

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

24

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Coped Beam Flexural Strength

ho

For Double Cope


Limitations: c < 2 d
dct < 0.2 d
ho > T/2

Fcr = 0.62E [tw2 / (c ho)] fd < Fy AISCM (9-7)


E = 29,000 ksi
fd = 3.5 7.5 (dct / d)
dct = cope depth at compression flange
49

Coped Beam Flexural Strength


Example: Determine if Adequate.
1"
2
8"

Vu = 40 k

3"

W14x30 A992 Steel

50

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

25

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Coped Beam Flexural Strength Example


W14x30 A992
d = 13.8 in. tw = 0.270 in.
bf = 6.73 in. tf = 0.385 in.
ho = 13.8 3.0 = 10.8 in.
Snet = 8.37 in3 from Table 9-2
Note: The distance ho above is not the same
as ho that is tabulated in Table 1-1.
51

Coped Beam Flexural Strength Example


Fcr = 26,210 (tw / ho)2 f k < Fy
c / d = 8.0 / 13.8 = 0.580 < 1.0
f = 2 (c / d) = 2 x 0.580 = 1.16
c / ho = 8.0 / 10.8 = 0.740 < 1.0
k = 2.2 (ho / c)1.65 = 2.2 (10.8 / 8.0)1.65 = 3.61
Fcr= 26,210 (0.270 / 10.8)2 (1.16) (3.61)
= 68.6 ksi > Fy = 50 ksi
52

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

26

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Coped Beam Flexural Strength Example


1"
2
8"

Mn = Fy Snet
= 0.9 x 50 x 8.37
= 377 in.-kips
Vu = 40 k

3"

W14x30

Mu = Vu e = 40.0 (8.5)
= 340 in.-kips < 377 in.-kips
Adequate
53

SHEAR END-PLATES
1 1/4" Minimum
Edge Distance

End Plate
Note: End Plate Thickness Range is 1/4" to 3/8"
54

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

27

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Limit States


Beam:
1. Beam Gross Shear
2. Coped Beam Flexural Strength
3. Web Strength at Weld
Weld:
Weld Rupture

55

Shear End-Plate Limit States


Plate:
1. Gross Shear
2. Net Shear
3. Block Shear
4. Bearing and Tear Out
Bolts:
3
5. Bolt Shear
Girder or Column:
6. Bearing and Tear Out

32 11 23

4, 5
3
2 11 2
56

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

28

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


Example: Determine Vn.
3/4 A325-N Bolts, E70XX Electrode
8"

3 12 "

3"

114"
2@3"
114"

W14x30
A992

Vn

PL 1/4 x 6 x 0'-8 1/2"


A36

3/16
57

Shear End-Plate Example


W14x30 Fy = 50 ksi Fu = 65 ksi
d = 13.8 in. tw = 0.27 in.
Beam Limit States
Beam Shear Yielding at Cope
Vn = 1.0 (0.6 Fy) (d-dct) tw
= 1.0 (0.6 x 50) (13.8-3.0) (0.27)
= 87.5 k

58

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

29

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


Coped Beam Flexural Strength

8"

Vn

From previous example


Mn = 377 in.-kips
3/16
with e = cope length + plate thickness
= 8.0 + 0.25 = 8.25 in.

3"

W14x30
A992

Vn = 377 / 8.25 = 45.7 k


59

Shear End-Plate Example


8"

Beam Web Strength at Weld


Plate L = 8.5 in.
tweld = 3/16 in.

Vn

3"

W14x30
A992

Vn = 0.75 (0.6 Fu) (L - 2 tweld) tw 3/16


= 0.75 (0.6 x 65) [8.5 (2 x 3/16)] (0.27)
= 64.2 k

60

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

30

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


8"

3"

Weld Limit State


Vn

Minimum Weld Size OK


3/16
E70xx Electrode
Vn = (D x 1.392) (L - 2 tweld)
= (2 x 3 x 1.392) [8.5 (2 x 3/16)]
= 67.9 k

W14x30
A992

61

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Limit States:
tp = 1/4 in.
A36 Steel
114"
Fy = 36 ksi
2@3"
Fu = 58 ksi
114"
Plate Shear Yielding
Vn = 1.0 (0.6 Fy) (2 L tp)
= 1.0 (0.6 x 36) (2 x 8.5 x 1/4)
= 91.8 k

3 2"

6"

62

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

31

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Net Shear
dh = 3/4 + 1/16 + 1/16 = 7/8 in.
An = (8.5 - 3 x 7/8) (1/4)(2) 11"
4
= 2.94 in.2
2@3"
114"
Vn = 0.75 (0.6 Fu) (An)
= 0.75 (0.6 x 58) (2.94)
= 76.7 k

3 2"

6"

63

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Block Shear
PL 1/4 x 6 x 0-8 1/2

114 "
3"
3"

Shear Yield
Rn = min Shear Rupture+ Ubs FuAnt

114 "

64

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

32

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example

114 "

Plate Block Shear


3"
- Shear Yielding
3"
0.6FyAgv = (0.6x36)(2x0.25x7.25)
= 78.3 k
114 "
- Shear Rupture
0.6FuAnv = (0.6 x 58) (7.25 2.5 x 7/8) (2 x 1/4)
= 88.1 k
Shear Yielding Controls
65

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Block Shear

114 "
3"
3"

-Tension Rupture

Fu Ant = 58(1.25 - 0.5 x 7/8)(2 x 1/4)


= 23.6 k

114 "

66

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

33

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Block Shear
Shear Yield
Rn = min Shear Rupture+ Ubs FuAnt
=

78.3
+ 1.0 x 23.6 = 101.9 k
min 88.1
Vn = 0.75 x 101.9 = 76.4 k
67

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Bearing / Tear Out
Brg: 2.4 Fu db t = (2.4 x 58) (3/4 x 1/4)
= 26.1 k
Edge: 1.2 Fu Lc t = (1.2 x 58) (1.25 13/32) (1/4)
= 14.7 k < 26.1 k
Other: 1.2 Fu Lc t = (1.2 x 58) (3 13/16) (1/4)
= 38.1 k > 26.1 k
68

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

34

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


Plate Bearing / Tear Out
Vn = ( 2 x Edge + 4 x Other)
= 0.75 (2 x 14.7 + 4 x 26.1)
114"
= 100 k

3 12 "

2@3"
114"

69

Shear End-Plate Example


Bolt Rupture
A325-N Fnv = 54 ksi
Vn = 0.75 Fnv Ab
= 0.75 (54) (6 x 0.4418)
= 6 x 17.9
= 107 k

3 12 "
114"
2@3"
114"

70

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

35

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Shear End-Plate Example


8"

3 12"

3"

114"
2@3"
114"

W14x30
A992

Vn

PL 1/4 x 6 x 0'-8 1/2"


A36

3/16

Coped Beam Flexural Strength Controls


Vn = 45.7 k
71

DOUBLE ANGLE
CONNECTIONS
Welded / Bolted
Horizontal short slots
may be used in angles

2 Angles
72

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

36

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Welded / Bolted Double Angles


Assumption:
Pin is at face of supporting element
Beam web weld is
subjected to eccentric shear.

2 Angles

73

Welded / Bolted Double Angles


Limit States
Beam:
Shear Yielding
Coped Beam Flexural Strength
Block Shear
Web Strength at Weld
Weld:
Weld Rupture Due to Shear Plus
Torsion
74

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August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

37

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

Welded / Bolted Double Angles


Angles:
Gross Shear
Net Shear
Block Shear
Bearing / Tear Out
Angle Strength at Weld
Bolt:
Shear Rupture
75

Welded / Bolted Double Angles


Example: Determine Vn for the limit
states of:
1. Beam Web Block Shear
2. Weld Rupture due to Eccentric Shear
3. Beam Web Strength at Weld

76

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August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

38

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example

11
4"

1"
2

2"
1"
4

3"
3"
11
4"

3/16

W14x30 A992
tw = 0.27 in.
E70xx

2L 3 x 3 x 5/16 x 0'-8 1/2 A36

77

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


1. Beam Web Block Shear
Shear Rupture
Shear Area
Never controls when angles
are welded to the beam web.
Tension area
Shear Yielding
0.6 Fy Agv = 0.6 (50) (8.5 + 0.25)(0.27)
= 70.9 k

78

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Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

39

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


Tension Rupture
Fu Ant = (65) (3 - 1/2 - 1/4) (0.27)
= 39.5 k

Shear Area

Tension area

Block Shear Strength


Vn = 0.75 (min shear + Ubs tension rupture)
= 0.75 (70.9 + 1.0 x 39.5) = 82.8 k

79

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


2. Weld Rupture Due to Eccentric Shear
e x = aL

V n

c.g.

Vn = C C1 D L
= 0.75
C = effective weld coefficient
from Table 8-8
L C1 = Fu of weld metal / 70
D = number of 1/16 ths

xL
kL

Needed for Table 8-8:


k, xl, a
80

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


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American Institute of Steel Construction

40

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


Rn = CC1Dl
= 0.75
Parameters:
C1 = Exx/70
k x
x&ac

81

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


Determine C from Table 8-8:
2-L3x3x5/16 x 0-8
k = (3 - 0.5 - 0.25)/ 8.5 = 0.26
x = 0.0465

ex = aL

Vn

c.g.

L
xL
kL

xl = 0.0465 x 8.5 = 0.40 in.


a = (3.0 0.40) / 8.5 = 0.31
82

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August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

41

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

Table 8-8

Rn = CC1Dl
= 0.75
Parameters:
C1 = 1.0
k = 0.26
x = 0.0465
x&aC

83

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


Rn = CC1Dl
= 0.75
Parameters:
C1 = 1.0
k = 0.26
x = 0.0465
x & a = 0.31
C = 2.62

84

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

42

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


e x = aL

Using Table 8-8


C = 2.62
With C1 = 1.0
c.g.
V n
D = 2 (Two Ls) x 3
Weld Rupture Strength
Vn = C C1 D L
= (0.75)(2.62) (1.0) (2 x 3) (8.5)
= 100 k

L
xL
kL

85

Welded / Bolted Double Angles Example


3. Beam Web Strength at Weld

Vn =

0.6 Fu t w (1.0)
100
(1.392)(2x3)(1.0)

0.75(0.6 65) (0.27)(1.0)


100
(1.392)(2x3)(1.0)

= 94.8
94.8k (Weld Strength Controls)
86

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


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Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

43

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Bolted / Bolted Double Angles


114 "
3"
3"
114 "

1"
2

2"

112"

W14x30 A992
tw = 0.27 in.

2L 5 x 3 x 5/16 x 0'-8 1/2A36


3/4 A325-N Bolts
87

Bolted / Bolted Double Angles


Bolt eccentricity not considered in these
connections
For Bolt Rupture: Vn = Fnv Ab x 6
No Other New Limit States

88

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

44

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


2L 3 x 3 x 5/16 x 0'-8 1/2 A36

W14x30
A992
tw = 0.27 in. 2"

3/4 A325-N Bolts


E70XX Electrode

812"

4"

1/4"

Return
@ Top

89

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


Knife Connection
Beam to Column Flange
Bottom Cope to Permit Erection
New Limit States:
Coped Beam Web Strength at
Tension Flange
Weld Strength on Out Standing Legs (OSLs)
angle-to-column flange connection.
90

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


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Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

45

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


Coped Beam Web Strength at
Tension Flange
W14x30

Vn = b Fy Snet / e
b = 0.9
Snet from Table 9-2

2"

4"

91

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


Weld Strength on OSLs
e

Vn /2
L/6

Tension, f t

CL
Web
92

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


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Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

46

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


fv =

(Vn 2)

L
Mo = 0

ft = 1.8

L/6

1 5 2 Vn
e
f t L L =
2 6 3 2

Vn /2

Tension, ft

Vn e
L2

CL
Web

93

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


f w = f t2 + f v2
=

Vn

L + 12.96 e

e
O

2 L2
with f w = 1.392D

1.392 DL
R n = 2

2
2
1 + 12.96 e / L

Vn /2
L/6

Tension, ft

CL
Web

(AISCM p.10-11)

94

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

47

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Bolted / Welded Double Angles


Example: Calculate Vn based on the weld
rupture strength of the OSLs
2L 3 x 3 x 5/16 x 0'-8 1/2"
A36
W14x30
A992
tw = 0.27 in. 2"

812"
Return

e = 3 in. L = 8.5 in.

4"

@ Top
1/4"
3/4 A325-N Bolts
E70XX

95

Bolted / Welded Double Angles Example

2 L2 (1.392 D)
Vn =
L2 + 12.96 e 2
2 (8.5)2 (1.392 4)
=
8.5 2 + 12.96 (3)2
= 58.5 k
Note: Weld returns (2tw) at top of angles
have been neglected
96

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


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American Institute of Steel Construction

48

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

End of Session 3
Thank You for
Attending
Next Up

97

Next Session
August 21, 2014 Shear Connections Part I
August 28, 2014 Shear Connections Part II

Topics

Single Angle Connections


Single Plate (Shear Tab) Connections
Unstiffened Seated Connections
Stiffened Seated Connections

98

Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


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Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

Individual Webinar Registrants


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Session 3 Shear Connections Part I


August 21, 2014

Copyright 2014
American Institute of Steel Construction

50

Lecturer: Tom Murray, P.E., PhD


Emeritus Professor, Virginia Tech

AISC Live Webinars:


FUNDAMENTALS OF CONNECTION DESIGN

4-Session Registrants
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51

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