Giao din

GIAO DIN
Phn ny chng ta s lm quen vi cc giao din v cc cch thc hin
cng vic trong phn mm.
MN HNH
Cc vng v thanh cng c ca phn mm c hin th trn mn hnh
nh hnh di.
Cc vng v cc thanh cng c theo ch thch trn hnh v gm:
Menu bar - trnh n chnh.
Window/Crossing selection toggle - nt chn i tng bng ca s.
Snap tools - cng c bt im.
Command panels - thanh lnh.
Object categories - cc loi i tng.
Rollout - thanh cun.
Active viewport - khung nhn c kch hot.
Viewport navigation controls - cng c qun l mn hnh.
Animation playback controls - cng c qun to chuyn ng.
Animation keying controls - cc kha kim sot chuyn ng.
Absolute/Relative coordinate toggle and coordinate display
Prompt line and status bar - dng nhc.
MAXScript mini-listener - bng lit k thu gn.
Track bar - thanh trt.
Time slider - thanh thi gian.
Main toolbar - thanh cng c chnh.

Cch thc hin cng vic trong 3DS Max v VIZ thng qua cc mc trn
trnh n, cc nt trn thanh cng c, trnh n ng (khi nhn phm phi
chut) v cc phm tt trn Phm tt.

Trnh n v cc thanh cng c

Main Menu - trnh n chnh:
Main toolbar thanh cng c chnh:
Nt cng c nhiu la chn (bay ra) Flyout. Nt ny c mi tn bn ti gc di
bn phi, khi nhn vo mi tn, phng n khc hin ra ra lnh.
Snaps toolbars - cng c bt im:
Layers - thanh qun l lp.
V nhiu cc thanh cng c khc na, chng ta s nghin cu sau.

Cho hin thanh cng c

Nhn phi chut vo thanh cng c chnh (bn di trnh n), trnh n ng hin
ra.
Nhn nh du vo mc cn hin.
Nhn b du , thanh cng c khng hin.
Thit lp li vic hin th thanh cng c nh mc nh:
Trn trnh n: Customize Customize Interface, hp thoi hin ra.
Nhn chn mc Toolbars, nhn nt Reset. Dng thng bo tip theo hin ra.
Nhn Yes. Cc thanh cng c b n s hin li.
Nhn nt, ng hp thoi.

Trnh n ng - Right-Click Menus

Trnh n ng l khi nhn phi chut, mt trnh n hin ra.
chnh sa i tng v thay i mt s thit lp ca khung nhn chng ta c th:
Nhn phi chut vo i tng hoc khung nhn.
Trnh n ng hin ra, chn lnh cn thit.

Thanh lnh xung - Rollouts

Thanh lnh c du + l bn trong cn cc lnh n.
Nhn du +, cc lnh n xung.

Nt trt ca Thanh lnh v Thanh cng c - Scrolling Panels

and Tollbars
Mt s thanh lnh hoc thanh cng c qu di, khng hin th ht cc nt
trn mn hnh, tm cc nt n, lm nh sau:
a con tr ln vng trng ca thanh lnh.
Khi con tr c hnh bn tay, nhn gi v r chut ln, xung hoc sang phi sang
tri.
Nt tng gim - Spinner
Trong cc nhp s liu, c cc nt tng v nt gim gi tr.
S dng nh sau:
Nhn nt tng.
Nhn nt gim.
Gi nt Ctrl, nhn nt tng tr li gi tr trc khi tng.
Gi nt Alt, nhn nt gim tr li gi tr trc khi gim.
Cc khung nhn chun
Khung nhn mc nh trong VIZ l mt khung nhn hnh phi cnh, trong 3DS
Max l 4 khung nhn tiu chun (nh hnh trn).
Cc khung gm:
Top: hnh chiu bng (nhn t trn xung).
Front: hnh chiu ng (nhn chnh din).
Left: hnh chiu cnh (nhn t bn tri).
Perspective: hnh phi cnh.
M hnh v cnh tr c hin th ng thi ti cc khung nhn trn mn hnh theo
cc hnh chiu khc nhau trong khng gian 3 chiu h ta -cc vung gc vi
cc trc X,Y,Z.
Mi thay i ca i tng ti bt k khung nhn no cng c cp nht ti cc
khung nhn khc.

Thit lp s khung nhn ty

C th thit lp s khung nhn ty nh hnh di.
Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Trnh n: Views Viewport Configuration
Hp thoi hin ra. Nhn mc Layout.
Nhn chn mt trong cc hnh trong hai hng nt trong hp thoi.

Nhn OK, kt thc lnh.

Thay i kch thc khung nhn

Nhn tri chut vo khung nhn no, khung nhn c vin mu vng v c kch
hot l khung nhn hin hnh.
Cho khung nhn hin hnh chim ton mn hnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Nhn nt gc di bn phi mn hnh, khung nhn chim ton mn hnh. Nhn ln
2, tr li nh trc.
Phm tt: Alt + W.
Ko gin khung nhn:
a chut vo ranh gii gia hai khung nhn, mi tn hai chiu hin ra. Nhn, gi
v r chut, khung nhn c ko rng ra hoc thu hp li.
Nh chut, kt thc lnh.

Thay i kiu ca khung nhn

Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Nhn phi chut vo tn khung nhn (gc trn bn tri) v d Front, Top v.v... trnh
n ng hin ra.
a con tr vo Views, cc mc con hin ra. Nhn chn hng nhn cn thit.
Top: nhn t trn xung.
Front: nhn chnh din.
Left: nhn t bn tri.
Perspective: hnh phi cnh. Hnh chiu c im t.
Bottom: nhn t di ln.
Right: nhn t bn phi.
Back: nhn t pha sau.
Nhn tri chut vo khung nhn cn thay i. C hai cch ra lnh:
Ra lnh trn trnh n: Views Set Active Viewport
Chn tn kiu khung nhn.
G cc phm tng ng:
T - Top: nhn t trn xung.
F - Front: nhn chnh din.
L - Left: nhn t bn tri.
P - Perspective: hnh phi cnh.
U - Orthographic: hnh chiu vung gc. Hnh chiu ny nhn hnh dng 3D
nhng khng c im t. Khong cch t mi im trn hnh khi n mt ngi
u bng nhau.
B - Bottom: nhn t di ln.
R - Right: nhn t bn phi.
Hnh di l hai kiu nhn ca mt khung nhn.

Chng trnh o to ti Trung tm Cng Ngh CAD/CAM trng i hc

Giao thng V ti H Ni
o to Revit Architecture :
thi gian: 12 bui, mi bui 3 ting.
hc ph: 600.000.
o to Inventor :
thi gian: 11 bui, mi bui 3 ting.
hc ph: 550.000.
o to SolidWorks :
Thi gian: 12 bui, mi bui 3 ting.
Hc ph: 600.000.
C cp Bng tt nghip chng trnh hc.
Bng tt nghip ny c cc c quan tuyn dng nh gi tt.
Lch hc: sng t 8 - 11h, chiu t 13h30 n 16h30, ti t 17h30 n 20h30.
hc xen k th 2,4,6 hoc th 3,5,7.
a ch: Tng 2, nh N1 - trong Trng Giao thng Vn ti - Cu giy - H Ni
Tel: 84.04.37669856 Fax: 84.04.37669856

Main toolbar thanh cng c chnh:

Nt cng c nhiu la chn (bay ra) Flyout. Nt ny c mi tn bn ti gc di
bn phi, khi nhn vo mi tn, phng n khc hin ra ra lnh.
Snaps toolbars - cng c bt im:
Layers - thanh qun l lp.
V nhiu cc thanh cng c khc na, chng ta s nghin cu sau.

Cho hin thanh cng c

Nhn phi chut vo thanh cng c chnh (bn di trnh n), trnh n ng hin
ra.
Nhn nh du vo mc cn hin.
Nhn b du , thanh cng c khng hin.
Thit lp li vic hin th thanh cng c nh mc nh:
Trn trnh n: Customize Customize Interface, hp thoi hin ra.
Nhn chn mc Toolbars, nhn nt Reset. Dng thng bo tip theo hin ra.
Nhn Yes. Cc thanh cng c b n s hin li.

Nhn nt, ng hp thoi.

Trnh n ng - Right-Click Menus

Trnh n ng l khi nhn phi chut, mt trnh n hin ra.
chnh sa i tng v thay i mt s thit lp ca khung nhn chng ta c th:
Nhn phi chut vo i tng hoc khung nhn.
Trnh n ng hin ra, chn lnh cn thit.

Thanh lnh xung - Rollouts

Thanh lnh c du + l bn trong cn cc lnh n.
Nhn du +, cc lnh n xung.

Nt trt ca Thanh lnh v Thanh cng c - Scrolling Panels

and Tollbars
Mt s thanh lnh hoc thanh cng c qu di, khng hin th ht cc nt
trn mn hnh, tm cc nt n, lm nh sau:
a con tr ln vng trng ca thanh lnh.
Khi con tr c hnh bn tay, nhn gi v r chut ln, xung hoc sang phi sang
tri.
Nt tng gim - Spinner
Trong cc nhp s liu, c cc nt tng v nt gim gi tr.

S dng nh sau:
Nhn nt tng.
Nhn nt gim.
Gi nt Ctrl, nhn nt tng tr li gi tr trc khi tng.
Gi nt Alt, nhn nt gim tr li gi tr trc khi gim.
Cc khung nhn chun
Khung nhn mc nh trong VIZ l mt khung nhn hnh phi cnh, trong 3DS
Max l 4 khung nhn tiu chun (nh hnh trn).
Cc khung gm:
Top: hnh chiu bng (nhn t trn xung).
Front: hnh chiu ng (nhn chnh din).
Left: hnh chiu cnh (nhn t bn tri).
Perspective: hnh phi cnh.

M hnh v cnh tr c hin th ng thi ti cc khung nhn trn mn hnh theo

cc hnh chiu khc nhau trong khng gian 3 chiu h ta -cc vung gc vi
cc trc X,Y,Z.
Mi thay i ca i tng ti bt k khung nhn no cng c cp nht ti cc
khung nhn khc.

Thit lp s khung nhn ty

C th thit lp s khung nhn ty nh hnh di.
Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Trnh n: Views Viewport Configuration
Hp thoi hin ra. Nhn mc Layout.
Nhn chn mt trong cc hnh trong hai hng nt trong hp thoi.
Nhn OK, kt thc lnh.

Thay i kch thc khung nhn

Nhn tri chut vo khung nhn no, khung nhn c vin mu vng v c kch
hot l khung nhn hin hnh.
Cho khung nhn hin hnh chim ton mn hnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Nhn nt gc di bn phi mn hnh, khung nhn chim ton mn hnh. Nhn ln
2, tr li nh trc.
Phm tt: Alt + W.
Ko gin khung nhn:
a chut vo ranh gii gia hai khung nhn, mi tn hai chiu hin ra. Nhn, gi
v r chut, khung nhn c ko rng ra hoc thu hp li.
Nh chut, kt thc lnh.

Thay i kiu ca khung nhn

Ra lnh bng mt trong cc cch sau:
Nhn phi chut vo tn khung nhn (gc trn bn tri) v d Front, Top v.v... trnh
n ng hin ra.
a con tr vo Views, cc mc con hin ra. Nhn chn hng nhn cn thit.
Top: nhn t trn xung.
Front: nhn chnh din.
Left: nhn t bn tri.
Perspective: hnh phi cnh. Hnh chiu c im t.
Bottom: nhn t di ln.

Right: nhn t bn phi.

Back: nhn t pha sau.
Nhn tri chut vo khung nhn cn thay i. C hai cch ra lnh:
Ra lnh trn trnh n: Views Set Active Viewport
Chn tn kiu khung nhn.
G cc phm tng ng:
T - Top: nhn t trn xung.
F - Front: nhn chnh din.
L - Left: nhn t bn tri.
P - Perspective: hnh phi cnh.
U - Orthographic: hnh chiu vung gc. Hnh chiu ny nhn hnh dng 3D
nhng khng c im t. Khong cch t mi im trn hnh khi n mt ngi
u bng nhau.
B - Bottom: nhn t di ln.
R - Right: nhn t bn phi.
Hnh di l hai kiu nhn ca mt khung nhn.

Mt vi th thut trong 3d max

1. Cc sence vi nhiu face. Nhn phm O cc vt th hin th display as box khi pan,
zoom, rotate > khng b git hnh
2. Nhn phm I zoom vo v tr con tr vo gia mn hnh > rt tin khi v spline
3. Bn c th s dng 2 dng lnh gc di bn tay tri nh l 1 my tinh (caculator)
(nhp php tnh dng trn v n enter ra kt qu dng di)
4. Arc Rotate Select hoc Arc Rotate SubObject: xoay quanh im Pivot ca i tng
ang chn. C th s dng phm tt:
- SHIFT+G = Hide Geometry
- SHIFT+L = Hide Lights
- SHIFT+C = Hide Cameras
- SHIFT+S = Hide Shapes
5. Save and load selected objects: dng qun l i tng.
- La chn 1 nhm i tng
- nh tn nhm i tng vo sau n Enter.
- Sau khi lm vic vi i tng khc mun select nhng i tng ny th ch cn la
chn tn nhm i tng

6. Chn 24 vt liu bn hay dng > save vo th mc defaultsmaxMedit.mat khi m

max ra lun lun c 24 vt liu trong Material Editor
- Save setting vray preset, sau load ra cho khe, ci ny tin cho test, cn render
tht th ty sence m chnh
- n gian vit chuyn 24 vt liu qua vt liu vray cn c cch sau:
+ n F11 chy max scrip
+ Copy and paste dng command: for m = 1 to 24 do (meditmaterials[m] = VRayMtl())
+ n Enter
7. Trc khi render ra file in kh ln ( A1 ), th bm F10, phn output size chn
Vistavision: Width = 3000, height = 2000.
Sau khi render xong lu file .tif, ng chnh g ht. Khi i in kh A1 ( 84 x 60 ) c th
qua photoshop chuyn sang file jpg cho nh.
8. Nhng cch c th lm max render nhanh hn:
- Khng pan zoom khi ang render( my yu th ng c pan zoom khi ang render,
nu tt chc nng show calculator ca Irr v lightcache cng tt)
- ng tham qu vi vray fur, displacement (c th tt 2 chc nng ny ri tnh
lightcache sau save lightcache map, bt 2 chc nng ln load file lightcache map ra
ri render)
- Hy nhng ci qut cho ci cy my tnh thay v qut mt cho mnh
9. Nu dng vt liu vraylightmtl m khi render thy xut hin 1 vin en xung quanh vt
th m mnh gn vt liu vraylightmtl, th hy bm F10 > renderer > color mapping >
chn Sub-pixel mapping + chn Clamp output . Render l ok lun.
10. Alt+D bt tt User Axis Cntrain di chuyn vi bt im trn mt phng hoc
3d.
t phm tt cho Center Point Cycle bng Number Pad 5, d dng xoay m hnh vi
bt im bt k ca User transform coordinate center
Alt+ X lm trong i tng
11. Khi edit spline, poly hay mesh, bm 1,2,3,4,5 vo cc subbect 1,2,3,4,5 tng
ng, bm 1 ln na thot
12. Khi dng hnh nn ch yu nn bt im bng vertex duy nht c kt qu chnh
xc nht, v cng nn dng view user.
13. Nn lm knh ca bng cc khi box nguyn thy trnh b li mo hnh hoc nh
sng khng xuyn.
14. Khi copy hoc move i tng c bt im, nn chuyn bt im sang 2,5d rt tin
khi copy nhiu i tng m khng b nhy theo trc z
15.Selection lock (Space Bar on/ off)
Bt im snap(S) vi move, rotate, scale nn kt hp kha i tng chn Selection

lock(Space Bar on/ off)

Khi kha i d dng bt im ti i tng khc!
16. Shn sub object move th im cn bt l pivot ca sub object c chn, bn
ch cn bt im ch!(p dng cho MX8 tr i)
- Nhn Q v cng c chn (Q vi ln na thay i hnh cng c chn(hnh trn,
hnh vung hay a gic v.v.))
- Nhn W move
- Nhn E rotate
- Nhn R scale
17. Copy/paste/paste instance trong bng qun l l lch ca i tng(modifier edit
stask) s lm gim bt thao tc cho cc i tng chnh sa ging nhau
18. Chn nhanh cc i tng instance:
- Chn vo 1 i tng instance vi nhiu i tng khc.
- Dng Select by name (phm tt: H) vi ty chn trong hp kim (select dependents)
- Cc i tng instance cng i tng c chn.
19. Mmirror nhanh 4 gc (nu 4 gc ging nhau) ci ny lm mi ao ca cha rt thch
lm
- Ch cn v 1/4 ca mi ao
- By gi mirror bng modifier list > mirror. Nh chn [copy] options
- Ctrl+B chn mirror center SubObj
- By gi dng, move, (hoc tng ng thao tc) mirror center SubObj vo im
tm ca mi theo chiu trc tng xng. VD: trc X
- Copy mirror modifier(trong modifier edt stk) v paste lun ln trn u danh sch, v
i trc vung gc vi trc trc . VD: trc Y
20. Khi boolern vng khp kn ca spline(shape) tht bi do nhiu nguyn nhn:
- Vng giao khng r rng(trng spline edge segment, hoc spline vertex sub-obj
- Attck cc spline nhn bn
Cch sa:
- Convert li v Convert to Editable spline ri li boolearn tip
- i cc segment (on thng) v line
- i cc vertex(nh nhn) v corner vertex ri li boolearn tip
21. Select and manipulate kh th v vi nhng g c bn knh nh Circle, Arc, &
Cam
22. Move 1/2 kch thc ca Element Sub-Object ca Edit/Editable Poly & Mesh s rt
th v cho nhng mode un nn theo cc ng dn cong queo, c bit vi cc:
PathDeform, Spacing Tool

23. Dng system unit = inch, Display unit scale = Metric = mm, hay tng t s v ngay
cc AEC Object nh Door,Window, Railing, Stair vi nhng kch thc mc nh tng
xng. Chng ta c th dng ngay kch thc ny tuy n hi l.
24. Trc khi merge nn lu system unit , bn c th vn dng n trong vic i t l
& kch thc trong cc bn v kin trc.
VD: bn nn merge cc file th vin trong b arch model (n v inch) sang 1 file mi
vi n v Metric=mm, sa hoc gn li vt liu v s dng (c th l xref, c th l
proxy, hoc merge.)
25. Cng c Spacing Tool (Shift+I): dng copy i tng theo s lng t chn hoc
kch thc t chn theo ng path (tnh cht nh cng c measure trong Autocad) cc
bc thy ci bng ca n s d dng bit cch dng, rt hu dng trong vic copy cy
hoc n ng trong phi cnh th
26. Gi phm Alt trong khi bm nt cun ca chut xoay hnh !
27.Mat id ca extruded, beveled,ng mt cng edit/editable poly msh gn li id
- 1 cho mt np(cap end)
- 2 cho mt y(cap start)
- 3 cho mt thnh
28. Vi cc AEC obj nh door, window, railing id 3 dnh cho cc b mt bn mun gn
knh, vy cng ch cn set number id =3
29. Chn v chnh nh sng nhanh hn: Tools > Light lister
30. Chn cc vt th cng mu (chn mu cho vt th name and color): Edit > Select by
> Color. Cch ny qun l gn ging nh qun l layer cad.
31. Canh gia tm i tng, cch ny gip bn xoay i tng ng ngay tm ca n:
Chn Tab hierarchy ( bng command panel) > Tab pivot > Affect pivot only > Center to
object.
32. Mun modifier surface ngon lnh th quy tc ti a 4 nh ni ng v ti thiu 3
nh ni ng.
33. Khi ang render mi pht hin c 1 vng nh b hng ( gh b bay chng hn), c
bnh tnh:
Save > Render region > ko ci vng chn cho n trm ln hn ci vng nh b h 1 t >
OK render li khc > Save thm 1 tm khc
v Photoshop nhp 2 tm li > dng cng c erase xa bt cc vin khng u mu >
nhn Ctrl+E merge lp li > save i in
34. Ctrl + C th l c ngay camera

35. Khi lm 1 na hnh th c th chnh hnh kia ch smooth: Lm 1 na, na kia

copy ra bn reference > p modify turbosmooth cho bn ny.Ch l turbo smooth nm
trn ci ng k. Khi chnh bn chnh th bn copy s thay i dng smooth. Cn
bn smooth mt li th vo Viewport Confiruration check > Display Selected with
Edged Face. S thy c kt qu smooth r rng khi hiu chnh model gc.
36. Nn bt ty chn show vertex number ca edit spline dnh cho cc profile kn
cn bit chiu ca n!
37. Nu dng railing lm vch knh, th cc gc nhn ca ng spline dn nn l corner
vertex, nu nh n khng lin quan n on cong no!
38. Khi lm vic my mnh hoc my khc, mun copy file max i m ko b mt vt
liu c 2 cch:
- Vo menu File ri tm n archive v save, cc bn s c 1 file .zip vi mt l th mc
con ca n, trong s c cc file km theo nh bitmap, ies.
- Vo Utilities, click more ri tm resource collector ri tip tc tick vo cc ty chn,
collect bitmap, max. zip.. ri sau s c 1 file max vi cc file linh tinh i km,
bn copy ng ny v mang sang my khc ren v t
Ngun: http://thaivu.com/mot-vai-thu-thuat-trong-3d-max/#ixzz1QXEWIR00

to m hnh mi nh trong 3dmax

18:12

thanhgia

Ti c mt tng v lm th no v mi ngi trn mt mi nh vi nhiu

th chnh sa, l mt trong nhng tc phm gn y ca ti cn mt close up xem ca
mi nh v cn thit c chi tit hn so vi mt bitmap. Cc m hnh kh nh v
khng phi rt phc tp
1. To mt hp sau xa cc a gic pha trn, bn cnh v botom. 2 a gic vn nh
th hin trong hnh di y.

2. By gi lm vic phn cnh ch i tng v chn mt nh to ra mt cnh

thm nh c hin th bn di. Lu rng 2 nh trong hnh di y phi c cng
mt lc X-v tr.

3. Chn 2 cnh chia bc k tip.

4. S dng "Kt ni" to ra 4 phn on gia 2 cnh la chn. (Bn c th tm thy

nhng cng c kt ni khi chng ti s dng ph cnh i tng).

5. Chn cc cnh v kt ni chng li nh th hin trong hai nh di y.

6. Chn cc cnh v chamfer.

7. Vo a gic ph ch i tng v chn a gic to bi cc chamfer nh hnh di

y.

8. Extrude chn a gic.

9. Chn cc cnh c hin th bn di v kt ni chng vi mt phn on.

10. Chn cc nh gia cnh sau di chuyn xung lm cho mi nh ln sng.

11. S dng mt my bay Slice lm cho cc phn on ngang trong mi nh i din

cho mi kha hc ca ngi.

12. Trong sub-a gic i tng ch , extrude theselected a gic. iu ny l cung cp

cho cc mi mt s dy.

13. Extrude mi hng mt ln na ci khc cho n khi t n hng u.

14. y l cch a gic ging nh khi chng ti hon tt.

15. Ch nh nhng nhm lm mn a gic.

0 nhn xt: