Result & Discussion

Part A
Metal as reducing agents
Test tube no
1 (copper)

0.1 M CuSO4
No reaction

2 (magnesium)

Brown deposited

3 (Zinc)

Corroded

4 (Steel wool)

Rusting

3 M H2SO4
The color of
copper fading
Dissolves and
produce pop sound
Corroded and
produce pop sound
Grey precipitate
deposited

0.1 M ZnSO4
No reaction
Zinc metal
deposited
No reaction
No reaction

Metal as reducing agents

CuSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
CuSO4 (aq) + Mg (s)
CuSO4 (aq) + Zn (s)
CuSO4 (aq) + Fe (s)

CuSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

MgSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
MgSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
FeSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

H2SO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

H2SO4 (aq) + Mg (s)
H2SO4 (aq) + Zn (s)
H2SO4 (aq) + Fe (s)

H2SO4 + Cu
MgSO4 + H2
ZnSO4 +H2
FeSO4 + H2

ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)

ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)
ZnSO4 (aq) + Mg (s)
MgSO4 + Zn
ZnSO4 (aq) + Zn (s)
ZnSO4 (aq) + Zn (s)
ZnSO4 (aq) + Fe (s)
ZnSO4 + Fe (s)
Arrangement of the four metals and hydrogen in the order of their activities beginning
with the best reducing agent and ending with the poorest reducing agent.
1. Mg
2. Zn
3. Fe
4. Cu
5. H
PART B
Solution for redox reaction.
Test tube
\1

Solution X
0.1 M KMnO4
+
2 drops 6 MH2SO4

Observation and redox reaction equation

0.1 M Fe (NH4)2(SO4)
0.1 M K2C2O4
Purple to reddish brown

0.1 M KMnO4
+
2drops 6 M H2SO4
0.1 M K2Cr2O7
+

From purple to
colourless
Yellow participated

2 drops 6 MH2SO4
0.1 M K2Cr2O7
+

Yellow to light

2 drops 6 MH2SO4

yellow

The experiment used to observe and predict products of oxidation-reactions. Besides that,
its also used to determine the relative reactivity of a series of metallic elements. Redox
reaction is about transfer of electrons, the lower the position of the element inside the
electrochemical series (ECS) the lower electro positivity. Redox is a combination of two
words, reducing agent and oxidizing agent. Reducing agent donates electrons for the
reduction of another substance. An oxidizing agent is a substance that gains electrons and
causes the oxidation of another substance in a redox reaction.

Oxidation reaction involves an increase in oxidation number, while reduction reaction

involves a decrease in oxidation number. These redox reactions always occur in pair. When
something get oxidized, another agent gains those electron, acting as the oxidizing agent, and
get reduced in process. When a substance gets reduced, it gains electron from the other agent,
acting as reducing agent, which in the process get oxidized. Furthermore, redox reaction also
can be determined by the changing of the colour of the solution. When redox reaction is occur

the colour of the solution will change.

Based on the result, redox reaction do not occur at the metal that same with the solution,
as example, when Copper sulphate reacts with solid copper there is no reaction occur. But the
result is difference when the square metal been tested with sulphuric acid, as example, when
magnesium and zinc react with sulphuric acid, a pop sound is produced. When the zinc
sulphate being used with square metal to test the redox reaction, only magnesium corroded.

Based on the result, the objectives are achieved. This is because the redox reactions are
occur during the experiment. Redox reaction is about the reducing agent and the oxidising
agent, as example, when react the sulphuric acid with the magnesium, the magnesium
replaced the position of the hydrogen ion. This is because the higher the position of the metal
inside the electrochemical series (ECS) the more electro positive the metal.

When the experiment is being conducted, there are some error occur. Some of the
error is the amount of the sulphuric acid need to be dropped into the test tube has excess
because it is being done with carelessly. Next, the observation of the result has been done
with carelessly until the result is different with the actual result. Lastly, the test tube doesnt
being clean up properly until its affect the result of the experiment.