QUANG

PHI TUYN
B MT

PGS. TS. Trn Th Tm

Khoa VLKT & CNNN
7UQJi hc Cng ngh, +4*+ ni
drtranthitam@gmail.com
Quang phi tuyn

CC HI17NG QUANG HC PHI TUYN B MT

KhQQJFa chng ta nghin cu, m t cc tnh cht

b mt tF ng trc tip ln s tin b ca ngnh
Khoa hc b mt, mt lnh vc c ngha quan trng
to lQ i vi rt nhiu ngnh t vt l, ha hF n
khoa hc cuc sng v k thuWLn t hiQi.
Nm trong s nhng tnh cht b mt khF QKDX ,
QKKng phn t lLXQJTXDQWkPc bit do
c OLrQ TXDQ n nhiu hiQ WQJ KD\ KR QK: cc
cht bm dnh, lp du m, cc cht xc tc v cc
chFQQJFa mng sinh hc. . .
Quang phi tuyn

CFSKQJSKp nghin cu b mt:

Tn x Ln t hay quang ph R Pt mW QQJ Ong ca
Ln tzLKi chn khng cao.
Tn x QWURQ, nhiu x WLD ; zL Ki nhiu trang thit b
hoc nghin cu b mW i hi s kt tinh c quy m nht
nh.
K thut gc Brewster cQJ i hi s kt tinh c quy m
nhWnh.
CFSKQJSKp quang hc khFQK: k thut hng ngoi,
tn x Raman, quang ph UV-VIS, ellipsometry c th ng
dng cho bt k mt phn cch no m nh sng c thLWi,
QKQJ FKQJ WKQJ NK{QJ FKR (ln) cF c tnh ring
bit ca b mW phn bit vi cc mu khi.
Quang phi tuyn

Hin nay, SHG v SFGc pht trin thnh nhng phSR

phn tch b mt rt hu dng. SFG vng IR&VIS cho php
NC cQJKQJGDRng b mt.
XLm: khng ph hy mu, nhy cao c v khng gian,
thi gian v phn gii ph.
ChQJ c ng dng vi tt c cc mt phn cch m nh
sng c th ti.
L nhng hiu ng phi tuyn bc 2, chng vn khng tn ti
trong cFP{LWUng ci xQJo (i xng tm), nKQJ
lLc tn ti ti cc mt phn cch m tLi xQJo
b ph v. Cho nn, chQJFKRc tnh b mt ni ca nhng
mt phn cch gia cFP{LWUQJi xQJo. Nu tn s
vo hoFUDLTXDLm cQJKng th li ra (output)c k
phi tuyn
4
vng l cQJKQJWQJFQuang
ng.

Nguyn l la chQ i xng, vn khng cho php cc tnh

cht phi tuyn bc hai trong vng khng gian c phn bo,
gii hn sp ng SHG v SFG ca vt liXQJKng ti
cc vng kFKWKc c nguyn t ti cc mWQJQFch. Biu
thc cho phn cc phi tuyn bc hai:

7URQJ P{L WUQJ i xng tm, ng dng ton t o ln

YHFW SKkQ Fc v d QK SKkQ FF Ln bc hai s to ra
SKQJWUnh sau:

Quang phi tuyn

O(r) l ton t tFng ln cFYHFWWK tRUDYHFWPi c

chiX QJc so vL KQJ EDQ u, v d QK  Pnl(r,) v
E(r,), trong khi ln cFLOQJY{KQJQK (2) khng
b tFng.

Khng tFng.
Tuy nhin, vng gip gii giDKDLP{LWUQJQJKng li
khng c i xng tm bi n tch bit hai vt liu khng
ging nhau. Do vy SHG v SFG c th tn ti, GRi xng
ti lp phn cch gia hai vt liXQJKng.
Quang phi tuyn

Quang phi tuyn

'i cFLu kin cQJKng ny, cm bc hai ca cht

bm b mt (2) c dng sau:

7URQJ Ai v Mi l cc ma trn chuyn di IR v Raman

WQJ ng, cKRPRGHGDRng th i vi tn s i v rng
i, N l mW cht bm thnh lp trn b mt. Bi tn hiu
SFG t l vi bQKSKQJ cm phi tuyn,p ng phi
tuyn s t l bc 4 vL che ph b mt ca cht bm.
nhy vLGDRng ca quang ph ny lm SFG rt ging hp
th IR hoc tn x Raman khi cc cQJ Kng phi tuyQ L
cng vi cFPRGHGDRng ca cc cht bm b mt.
Quang phi tuyn
8

Ch kGDRng ca cht bm dnh cho php xFQKc

WUQJP{LWUng vt l cQJQKKa hc ti lp b mt cng
QKQK Kng trung bnh ca cht bm dnh. Khng ging
QK Fc k thut Raman v IR khng th phn bit gia cc
mu phn t trong dung dch hay trn b mt, nguyn tc chn
lDi xQJo cho biWWUc rng tn hiu SFG phi bin
mt khi cc phn t mu b ly ra khi b mt. 1KYy SFG
cho phSFWUQJF phn t c b mt.
Trong phn ln cc th nghim SFG IR-VIS, mt trong hai
WUng ti l ngun laser VIS cEc sng cnh, trong khi
chm tia th 2 l laser IR tunable cng sut cao.
Quang phi tuyn

Quang phi tuyn

10

Quang phi tuyn

Quang phi tuyn

Figure. IR
IRVIS SFG
spectra from ethanol
adsorbed on a zirconia
surface. The results
show the surface
sensitivity of SFG
measurements at an
interface between isoisotropic media. The SFG
response is plotted
against the frequency
of the IR laser source.
Peaks occur when the
IR beam is tuned
through a C
CH vibravibration in the ethanol
molecule. The number
to the right of each
spectrum is the water:
ethanol ratio in the sosolution that is in contact
11
with the zirconia.

Figure. Square root

of the SFG signal at
an IR frequency of
2930 cm-1. The data
are plotted as a
function
of
the
ethanol and water
con- centrations in the
solution phase in
contact
with
the
zirconia surface. The
curve represents the
behavior
of
a
Langmuir isotherm
for adsorption at12 the
surface.

SHG trong ng dn quang bn dn

Vic tS WUXQJ TXDQ WkP n quang phi tuyn ca cc mng

mng bn dn khi ng dng trong cu trc dn quang mt
hoc hai chiu. Cc thit b tch phn s dng cc vt liu phi
tuyn cho li thXYLt trong lnh vc cng nghQKWURQJ
trn v Lu bin quang, x l tn hiu v TXDQJ Ln t.
Thnh cng trong lnh vc ng dng ny ph thuc vo: (1)
S hiu biWFEn v cc hiu ng phi tuyn trong ng dn
quang, (2) s pht trin cc loi vt liu mLFKR cm phi
tuyn bF KDL WQJ i ln, v (3) d dng to nn mng
mQJng nht.
May mn rng, phn ln cc cht bn dn III-V v II-VI v k
thut l phi tuyn ni, vL cm phi tuyn bc hai ln v
khng b hoc rt t b tc dng khi chiu bc x laser cng
Quang phi tuyn
13
sut ln.

Schematic of (a) planar and (b) channel waveguide structures

on a dielectric substrate. The
shaded region is the confining
Quang phi tuyn
14
thin-film deposit.

(c) Counterpropagating geometry used to produce SHG in a

direction normal to the surface of the waveguide. The
triangular features are coupling
prisms to the waveguide. 15
Quang phi tuyn

Magnitude of the nonlinear

susceptibility xzx(2), in GaN.
The arrow denotes the position of the fundamental band
edge Eg. The schematic
shows the incident () and
transmitted (2) directions
with respect to the GaN
sample. The shaded region
represents the GaN film
deposited on a sapphire
surface. Susceptibility
is measured in electrostatic
units (e.s.u.).
Quang phi tuyn

16

HiQWng phn x phi tuyn

Trong quang hc, nh lut Snell cho nh sng phn x v
khc x:

sin i

sin r ;

NX P{L WUng (2) phi

tuyn, trong phn x s c cc
thnh phn ha ba phi tuyn,
FQJ ca chng ph thuc
vo gc ti i , s QK Kng
ca phn cc v chit sut phi
tuyn cDP{LWUng.

n1 sin i

n2 sin t

& (1)
k 2Z

(1)

&
kZ(1)

i r

x
t
(2)

& ( 2)
k 2Z

& ( 2)
kZ

Quang phi tuyn

n2( 2Z) sin t 2Z

sin r2Z
sin iZ

n2(1Z) sin r2Z

nZ(1)
n2(1Z)

or

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nZ( 2 ) sin tZ

sin r2Z  sin iZ

sin iZ

nZ(1) sin iZ

nZ(1)  n2(1Z)
n2(1Z)

Nu cc gFu nh c thng nht sin v gc:

r2Z  iZ

'n

(1)

(1)
2Z

tgiZ

Vi i sin i tg i; n(1)=n(1)- n2(1).

Quang phi tuyn

Nu (1) l khng kh th
n(1)=10-5 GR i r2 ->
khng pht hiQ c.
1KQJ Qu (1) l CS2 hoc
benzol th n(1)= 10-1 vi i
45oGR r2 i c vL
c th quan sWc 18