TAB A-€00201554 or Release 3018/0050 CoOs0t S84 Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte {phonecier peenchenayy) President; Commander in Chief of the Arny Addressed as: Mr. President Army Commander since August 1973, Ma}. Gen. ‘Augusto Pinochet, 60, became President after he led the September 1973 coup against President (1370-73) Salvador Allende. Pinochet is totally dedicated to the establishment in Chile of a new political and economic order free of all vestiges of Marxism. He dislikes politi- cians of all persuasions and blames them for the problems that necessitated the coup. ‘The Presi- Gent will not tolerate any opposition to the government or to its goal of national reconstruction. Pinochet has a concern for people, and his frequent public appearances throughout Chile have at times given him the semblance of a grassroots | politician, He is genuinely popular in Chile Gespite severe personal criticism from abroad. The President admires the United States, but he has been unhappy at the attempts in Congress to stop the flow of US military aid to Chile. He has been to the United States at least three times. Generally considered tough, rigid and disciplined, Pinochet has been described as'warm and fricadly by journalists who have interviewed him. tle does not Snoke but drinks in moderation. He enjoys reading and writing. He har written at least three bucks on geography, one of which has been used as a high School text. Married to the forner Lucfa Hirtart, the President has five children and seven grand- Ghildren. He speaks sone French and a little English, MICRO ONLY 28 April 1976 CRM 76-11777 Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201554TAB BExplanation of Exemptions Ereedom of Information Act: (®)(1) exempts fom disclosure information curently and propedty classified, pirsuant to an ‘Bxecutive Order; (B)Q) exenipts from disclosure information, which pertains solely to the intemal personnel rules and practices of the Agency; (6)(3) exempts from disclosure information that another federal statute protects, provided that the other federal statute either tequires thatthe matters be withheld, or establishes particular cciteca for withholding or refers to pastioular types of matters to be withheld. Tho (6)G) satutes upon which the CIA relics include, but aromot limited to, the CIA Act of 1949; (©)G) exempts from disclosure trade secrets and commmescial or financial information that is obfained from a person and that is priviléged or confidential; (@)(6) exempts ftom disclosure inter-ind intra~igency memoranda or letters that would not be available by law to a party other than an agency, in litigation with the agency; (66) exempts ftom disclosure information stom personnel end mestcal files and similar files the : disclosure of which wonld constinte a clearly unwarrented invasion of privacy * (®)(7) exempts fiom disclosure information compiled for law enforcement purposes to the extent ‘thatthe production ofthe iformation (A) could reasonably be expected to interforo with enforcement proceedings; (B) wonld deprive a person of right a fair tial or an ‘impartial ajadieation; (C) could reasonably be expected fo consitute ‘an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy; (D) could reasonably be expected to disclosé the identity of a confidential source or, inthe case of information compited by a criminal law enforcement authority in the course ofa criminal investigation cr by an agency conducting a lawfal national security intelligence investigation, information ftunishod by a confidential source; (® would disclose techniques and procedures for law enforcement investigations or ‘prosecations if such disclosure could reasonably be expected to risk circumvention of the Jaw; or F) could seasonably bo expetted fo endanger any indiviual’s fo ox physical (®)) exempts from disclosure information contained in reports or related to examination, ‘operating, or condition reports prepared by, or on behalf of, orfor use of an agency _resposisible for regulating or supervising financial institutions; and (©)() exempts fiom disclosure geological and geophysical information and data, including maps, concerning wells. : April 2012C06620023 Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C06620023, Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte ‘honetie: peenoheneTy President of the Military Junta; Commander in Chief of the Army Addressed as: Mr. President Commander in Chief of the Chilean Army since August 1973, Gen. Augusto Pinochet, 58, became President of the ruling military junta : after he led the September 1973 coup against President (1970-73) Salvador Allende. An intelligent, ambitious and professionally competent infantry officer and military geographer, Pinochet enjoys the admiration and respect of fellow officers. He has been friendly toward US officials in Chile and has exhibited a high regard for the US mili- tary establishment. Pinochet has never been involved in partisan politics and has shown dis- dain for politicians of all persuasions, blaming them for the economic and political problems that necessitated the overthrow of Allende. A man known for his toughness, he has stated that he will tolerate no opposition to the government. Outwardly tough, rigid and disciplined, Pinochet is at times indecisive. Quiet, mild-mannered and businesslike, he is dedicated and hard-working; he nevertheless enjoys parties. The general smokes cigarettes and prefers to drink Scotch and pisco sours. He is interested in sports and likes to discuss world military problems. He has written at least three books on geography, one of which has been used as a high school text. Married to the former Lucia Hiriart Rodriguez, the President has five children and six grandchildren. He speaks some French and only a little English. 4 March 1974 (b)(3) Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C08620023,C06620025 Approved for Release: 2016/08/30 C06620025 (0x3) Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte CHILE (Phonetic: peenohCHAY) President; Commander in Chief of the Army Addressed as: Mr. President Commander in Chief of the Army since August 1973, Maj. Gen. Augusto Pinochet, 59, became President after he led the September 1973 coup against President (1970- 73) Salvador Allende. An intelligent, ambitious and professionally competent infantry officer and military geographer, Pinochet is totally dedicated to the reconstruction of Chile and the removal of all vestiges of Marxism. A man known for his toughness, he has stated that he will tolerate no opposition to the government. In an effort to encourage a flow of foreign credits to Chile, Pinochet has begun to moderate his tough stand on human rights. Despite his position on human rights, he has a genuine con- cern for people, and his frequent public appear- ances have at times given him the semblance of a grassroots politician. Pinochet admires the United States but has been disappointed with the level of US assistance, claiming "we have been better allies to you than you have to us. Outwardly tough, rigid and disciplined, Pino- chet is at times indecisive. Quiet, mild-mannered and businesslike, he is dedicated and hard-working; he nevertheless enjoys parties. He likes Scotch and pisco sours. He is interested in sports and likes to discuss world military problems. He has written at least three books on geography, one of which has been used as a high school text. Married to the former Lucia Hiriart Rodriguez, the Presi- dent has five children and six grandchildren. He speaks some French and only a little English. 29 January 1975 (b)(3) Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C06620025,MNOFORN/WARNING INTELLIGENCE SOURCES AND President; Commander in Chief of the Army Addressed as: Mr, President Army Commander since August 1973, Maj. Gen. Augusto Pinochet became President after he led the September 1973 coup jainst President (1970- 73) Salvador Allende. Pinochet is totally dedicated to the estab- lishment in Chile of a new political and economic order free of all vestiges of Marxism. A man known for his tough~ ness, he will not tolerate any opposition to the government. He is an inflexible anti-Communist and dislikes politicians of all persi blaming then for the chaos that necessitated the Allende overthrow. To international critics, Pinochet is the personification of all the evils they see in Chile, and he 4s the butt of continual, abusive personal criticism from abroad. Defensive in The face of criticism of his regime, he readily Blanes such excoriation on an international cam paign orchestrated by the Soviet Union aud Cuba fo bring about the demise of the government, and he is quick to brand almost any form of oppo: tion to the junta as a spinoff of that campaign. The President views the international system in cold war terms, and he points to Communist 5 CRO Sictories in Southeast Asia and the Cuban inter- |} vention in Angola to prove the fallacy, of the US ay AML policy of détente. Pinochet admires the United Beates but is perplexed by the US posture toward Chile. He has been disappointed and frustrated with the level of US assistance and the lack of oral backing, claiming "we have been better ilies to you than you heve to us." Pinochet is unsophisticated in international relations and believes that Chile does not deserve the pariah status that its human rights practices have ‘TOMMOETAL CR M 76-12116 ‘Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201548CO02 015 aR ess es serene 4 DENT NOFORN/WARNING \NQEICE~-SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES AND~METHODS INVOLVED produced. He nevertheless -ecognizes that there have been human rights abuses and has shown a desire to remedy the situation, but he has been unwilling or unable to effect the significant improvements demanded by critics. He has visited the United States at least three times, most recently in 1968. Domestically, Pinochet's predominance and influence within the government have grown at the expense of his fellow junta members since the coup--not without some strains. He is widely accepted as 2resident, and there is no effective opposition to his rule. Not a cherismatic man, he is nevertheless genuinely popular in Chile. He frequently travels within the country making public appearances, exhorting people to work fogether for the national reconstruction and condemning Chile's critics. Pinochet's forays at times give him the senbiance of a grassroots politician, and he is always well received. He fancies himself as a father figure to the country and has expressed a desire to be an elected Presi- Gent one day. He has had several run-ins with the Catholic Church and the Christian Democratic Party over human rights matters and violations of the political recess, but, recognizing the influence and importance of both institution: he has avoided a showdown that could irretriev- ably break relations. Pinochet lacks economic expertise and has entrusted economic policy making to qualified technicians. He has thus ported the tough austerity measures that have been implemented, despite criticism about the adverse impact on th lower cla Outwardly tough, rigid and disciplined, Pinochet, 69, can be warm and friendly. Quiet, mild-mannered and businesslike, he is dedicated ‘and hard working; he nevertheless enjoys partie He likes Scotch and pisco sours. He is inter- ested in sports and likes to discuss world mili- tary problems. Pinochet avidly practict Stic exercises every morning. He ha written at least three books on geography, one of which has been used as a high school text. Married to the former Lucfa Hiriart, the Presi- dent has five children and seven grandchildren. He spesks some French and only a little English. 17 May 1976 ‘Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201548,“C00201553 a ee cr ee Fk eBescllh Ripe; Hea ea crease sees esos oaks eink e/teu7grl--M ! IDENTIAL { NOFORK/WARNING NOTSCE--SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES AND MSTHODS INVOLVED 4 justo PINOCHET Ugarte CHILE ‘ipigheete:-pesnohenayy: President; Commander in Chief of the Army Addressed as: Mr. President Army Commander since August 1973, Maj. Gen. ‘Augusto Pinochet, 60, becane President after he led the Septenber 1973 coup against President (1970-73) Salvador Allede. Pinochet is totally dedicated to the establishment in Chile of a new political and economic order free of all vestiges of Marxism. A man known for his toughnes! he will not tolerate any cpposition to the govern- ment. He dislikes politicians of all persuasions and reserves particular antipathy for the Christian Democratic Party. To international critics, Pinochet is the personification of the evils they see in Chile. Defensive in the face of criticism, he recognizes i that there are human rights abuses in the country, but he has been unwilling or unable to effect the significant improvements demanded. The President has been outapokenly indignant at attempts to stop the flow of US military aid to Chile, reserving particular wrath for Senator Edward Kennedy, who has led such efforts. Not a charismatic man, Pino chet is nevertheless genuinely popular in Chile. His frequent public appearances throughout the country have at times given him the semblance of i a gragsroots politician, and he has expressed a desire to be an elected President one day. | : outwardly tough, rigid and disciplined, Pinochet ' can be warm and fatherly. ile is straightforward ‘and forceful and is occasionally impulsive in his public comments. He has visited the United ! States at least three times. Married to the former Lucfa Hiriart, the President has five children and seven grandchildren, lle speaks only a little English. \ 1 i i 28 April 1976 | “eons, «CR 76217767C002016305 ‘ 9 Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201630CHILE Avgusto PINOCHET Ugarte Nation; President, Ruling Junta; Commander in Chief of the Army In June 1974 Maj. Gen. Augusto Pinochet (pronounced peenohCHET) , who has been Commander in Chief of the Army since August 1973 and President of the junta | since September of that year, became Suprene Ht Chief of the Nation, @ position that gives | him expanded executive Powers. He had previously (973) served since January 1972 as chief of staff of the army. An intelligent, disciplined and pro- fessionally competent infantry officer and mili- tary geographer who is known for his toughness, oe. he is dedicated to the national reconstruction of Chile and will tolerate no opposition to that end. i {i | | i Supreme Chief of the | | il i | i The establishment of the position of Supreme Chief of the Nation was promoted by Pinochet among i others as a means of consolidating and improving ' “4@ decisionmaking powers of the executive over the cumbersome, inter-service structure. He did : not, however, get as much authority as he sought, and the junta still retains considerable powers ' of its own. Respected by the other junta members, is] Pinochet has a harmonious working relationship with | them, and,all decisions continue to be made unan- ; ||imously. ‘The general was selected to head th government because he represents the military's | oldest institution, not because he possesses any leadership qualities superior to those of the al | ‘other junta members. Pinochet will apparently retain the executive functions indefinitely. Pinochet was a late (byt) ' participant in plotting the overthrow of President 1 (1970-73) Salvador Allende, and some lower ranking | army officers view him as having been indecisive { in opposing the former President. In subsequent e interviews + d public statements, however, he has fe | SEgRET™ (bya) Approved Tor Release’ 2016/09/30 C00201630proved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201630, i RET i No Fé Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte sought to reserve for himself the major responsi- bility for the planning and execution of the coup. He has claimed that he initiated the coup plans in April 1972 and that he was the only one who knew all the details when the actual overthrow took place. President of the Junta Periodically exhorting the people to work together for the goal of national reconstruction, Pinochet has said, “The sacrifice will be total... Everyone will pay the tab , and everyone will help get us out of the chaos." ‘Like his predecessor, Re frequently travels within the country to meet people and explain the government's policies, much like a grass roots campaigner. In response to queries on how long the govern- ment's recovery program will take, Pinochet has been equivocal. He told a group of copper miners in January 1974 they must “get it out of their heads that there will be elections in four or five more In a February public appearance Pinochet Stated that the state of seige and security measures would remain in effect indefinitely and that "It is possible that before the end of the armed forces Government political activities will be reinstated, but in no way will it happen before five years." Described prior to the coup as singularly apolitical, Pinochet has never been involved in partisan politics He has come down hard on politi- cians of all persuasions, blaming them for the eco~ nomic and political problems that necessitated the overthrow of Allende. He has been particularly concerned with the Marxist influence in Chile and has promoted the government's attempts to eliminate all vestiges of that philosophy from the country. Despite on and off frictions between the govern- ment and the recessed Christian Democratic Party, the general favors maintaining contact with the party to elicit its views on the government's domestic policie: He has also indicated an interest in creating a national civic movement of RET No Foreign Approved for Release: 2018/09/30 C00201630Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte youth and women's organizations and small business- men's guilds to support the government. Pinochet has been sensitive to charges from abroad that the government repeatedly violates human rights, particularly those of prisoners. Acknowledging that there was a problem in this area in the initial months after the coup, he has since claimed that measures have been taken to rectify the situation. In an Augnst 1974 inter- view he stated that there would be no more execu- tions and that some military men had been punished for maltreatment and torture of prisoners. He insists, however, that stringent internal security measures are necessary to prevent a resurgence of extremist activity and that self-censorship of the press will be relaxed only "when the situation is normal." Conscious of Chile's need for a better image abroad, the general is said to have authorized the expenditure of up to one million dollars to have a|US advertising agency improve its tarnished | A Peruvian Threat? have been alarmed at the rather significant acquisitions of modern arms by the government of Peru. Those officers fear that Peru may use th> weapons to retake territory ceded to Chile after the War of the Pacific (1879-1883). Pinochet was cool to Peruvian President Juan Velasco's call for an arms limitation agreement, noting that the threat from the north necessitated the preparation of an adequate Chilean defense. Pinochet has been vigorously searching for sources of armaments, requesting commitments from the United States i» particular. He has also tried to elicit suppore for Chile's position from other Latin American countries, and while in Brazil for the March 1974 inauguration of President Srnesto Geisel, he anked for military assistance | Pinochet is among those military officers who ET Na Foreon Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201630630 saya Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte Pinochet also ordered a study prepared for distribution to friendly Latin American Heads of State to dispel the notion that Chilean appre- hensions of Peruvian intentions lacked substance. Since that time the President has taken note of the lessening of tensions between his country and Peru, but he continues to underscore the dangers involved and the need to increase overall mili- tary strength. The general plans to attend the 150th anniversary commemoration of the Battle of Ayacucho in Peru in December 1974. Military Student and Instructor \ugusto Pinochet Ugarte was born into a middle class family on 25 November 1915 in Valparafso. He attended the University of Chile for 2 years, specializing in judicial and social science, before entering the Chilean Military Academy. He was unable to meet the physical requirements for admis- sion to the academy for 2 successive years, but the reason is not a matter of current record. Upon his graduation from the academy in 1936, Pinochet was commissioned a second lieutenant. He subsequently worked his way steadily through the ranks, generally in infantry assignments. During 1949-51 he was a student at the Command and General Staff Course of the Army War College. Important posts he has held in recent years include those of: commander, 7th Infantry Regiment, 1961-63; chief of staff, 2d Army Division, 1968; commander, 6th Army Division, 1967-71; and commander, Santiago Garrison, March 1971-January 1972. A well-known military geographer, Pinochet hi been an instructor at the Chilean Army War College (1942-46, 1954) and at the Ecuadorean Army War Col- lege in Quito (1956-59). From 1964 to 1968 he served as deputy commandant of the Chilean Army War College. He is a member of the Geographic Society of Chile and has written three geography books, at least one of which is used as a secondary school textsook. a e RET No Foreien. Approved for Release’ 2016/08/30 C00201630Augusto PINOCHET Ugarte Pinochet has visited the United States three times. He was a member of a Chilean military mission in 1956, toured this country and the Panama Canal Zone in 1965 and 1968, and returned to the Canal zone in 1972. Personal Data (b)(1) Quiet, mild-mannered and businesslike, Pinochet is hard-working and dedicated. He nevertheless enjoys attending parties; he prefers to drink Scotch or pisco sours. Pinochet smokes cigarettes. He is interested in sports, including fencing, boxing ‘and horseback riding, and avidly practices gymnastic exercises every morning. He also enjoys discussing world military problems. He speaks some French and English. In 1943 Pinochet married Lucfa Hiriart Rodriguez, the daughter of a former Senator and Minister of the Interior. Mrs. Pinochet, who has lived most of her life in Santiago, was born in Antofagasta. She has a fondness for archeology and together with her husband has explored many ruins. Mrs. Pinochet has been involved in various charity projects. She insists, however, that her primary concern is her home and family. The Pinochets have three daughters and two sons and six grandchildren. cIA/DDI, 1 November 1974 (b)(3) ais = RET No Fe ‘orelah Approved for Release: 2016/09/30 C00201630