CTY TNHH XY DNG H TNG

CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

H.K.C

c lp T do Hnh phc

THUYT MINH
BIN PHP THI CNG
I/ GII THIU CHUNG V CNG TRNH:
1. Gii thiu v gi thu:
a. Gi thu:
-

Cng trnh: KHU DN C THNG MI TH X SA C

Gi thu s 2: Nn, mt ng, thot nc, chiu sng, cy xanh & va h.

Ch u t: U BAN NHN DN TH X SA C

Ngun vn: Ngun thu qu t to vn xy dng c s h tng.

b. iu kin t nhin:
Nhit :
Do v tr a l v c im a hnh nn khu vc c nhit cao, n
nh, t thay i trong nm, nhit trung bnh nm vo khong 26oC 28oC
Lng ma:
y l khu vc nhit i gi ma, thi tit chia lm 2 ma r rt: ma
nng v ma ma. Ma ma bt u t thng 5 n thng 11 v ma nngt
thng 12 n thng 4 nm sau. Vo ma ma, lng nc ma chim ti hn
90% lng ma c nm, trong lng ma cao nht vo khong thng 10.
Thu vn:
Theo s liu iu tr a thu vn
Mc nc thp nht : -1.040m
Mc nc cao nht ( l nm 2000)

:+1.985m

c. Gii thiu v gi thu:

-

Cp ng: ng cp IV ng bng.

Ti trng thit k: 10tn.

Cao thit k: 2.700m (h mc Quc Gia Hn Du)

2. Quy m thit k phn ng:

-

Cp hng: ng ph.

Cp k thut: 4

Loi mt ng: cp cao A1 (btng nha ri nng)

Quy m mt ct:
o ng s 2: Mt ng rng 9.00m, dc ngang i=2,0%
o ng s 3: Mt ng rng 7,00m, dc ngang i=2,0%
o ng s 4: Mt ng rng 5,5m, dc ngang i=2,1%
o ng inh Hu Thut: Mt ng rng 16.0m, dc ngang i=2%
o ng s 5, An Dng Vng: Mt ng rng 9,0mm, dc ngang
i=2,0%

Cao thit k:
o Tim ng: +2.7
o Mp l chn b va: +2.610

Kt cu o ng.
o o nn n cao trnh +1.680
o p ct h=0.5m m cht, K>=0.98
o Gia c nn 0.5x1 dy 15cm.
o Cp phi dm loi 1 dy 15cm lp 1.
o Cp phi dm loi 1 dy 15cm lp 2.
o Ti nha dnh bm 1,0kg/m2
o Thm nha BTNN ht mn dy 7cm.

Kt cu va h.
o t m cht K>=0.95.
o Btng 1x2M150, dy 10cm.
o Lt gch Terazzo mu nu, KT400x400x40

B va, g phn cch

o B va, g phn cch bng btng 1x2M250, ti ch

3. Quy m thit k phn cng ngang ng:

-

S dng 2 loi cng BTCT ly tm l D800, D1000, i vi cng t trn phn

din tch trng cy xanh s dng loi VH. Cng qua ng s dng loi H30HK80.

Cc tm an, gi cng, bn y, thnh h ga s dng BTCT 1x2M200.

4. H thng cy xanh:

Trn hai bn va h trng cy Vit, Cy Bng Lng.

Khun trng cy bng BTCT 1x2M200

Trn di phn cch trng cy Dng to dng v cy cau.

5. H thng chiu sng:

-

Tr n cao p STK cao 8m, bng n chiu sng Z2 150W HPS-IP4, dy

chnh cp ng i 2x16mm2

Lp t trm bin p cng sut 25KVA cung cp in cho h thng chiu sng.

II/ T CHC CNG TRNG:

S T CHC CNG TRNG:

CNG TY

- Ngay sau khi c thng bo trng thu, Cng ty chng ti s lp 01 b my gm cc

k s, k thut vin, cc T, i thi cng c nhiu kinh nghim phc v cng tc thi
cng cng trnh ny.

BAN IU HNH
CNG TRNH

- Cch t chc ti cng trng nh sau: Vn phng cho Ban Ch huy cng trng, lm
tri cho cng nhn, bi tp kt xe my, thit b; bi c cc cu kin c sn... chng ti
trnh by k trong phn chun b cng trng.
- S t

B PHN VT T THIT
B
chc cng
trng:

B PHN TRC C TH NGHIM

T HNH CHNH NHN S

S T CHC CNG TRNG

CC I - T THI CNG

B PHN K THUT CHT LNG

IN NC - KHO BI - BO V C GII - NHN S

CNG TRNG

CNG TY
Cng ty:
L trung tm u no iu hnh cc cng tc phc v cho vic thi cng cng trnh trn.
- Cung cp nhn lc phc v thi cng cng trnh.
- Cung cp vt t, trang thit b phc v thi cng.
- Cung cp ti chnh, cc th tc v Php l phc v cng trng.
Phng K thut - K hoch kinh doanh:
- C nhim v qun l ton b v mt k thut, lm tham mu cho Ban Gim c
Cng ty v mt k thut a ra cc gii php k thut ti u. Mt khc, lm tham mu
cho Ban Ch huy cng trng v cc gii php k thut, thng xuyn xung cng trng
theo di cng vi Cn b cng trng a ra cc gii php x l tnh th (nu c) ra ti
cng trng.
- Cng kt hp vi Ban Gim c Cng ty a ra cc phng n thi cng va m
bo cht lng, va h c gi thnh sn phm, a ra k hoch cung cp ti chnh cho
cng trng.

BAN IU HNH CNG TRNG

Ban iu hnh cng trng gm 01 ch huy trng v 01 ch huy ph ph trch gim

st k thut..
Ch huy trng:
L ngi tha lnh ca Cng ty chu trch nhim cao nht vi mi hot ng ca cng
trng, l cu ni gia cng trng vi Cng ty v gia cng trng vi Ban Qun l d n.
Ch huy ph ph trch k thut:
Tng ph trch mi vn lin quan n cc gii php k thut v cht lng:
- Cht lng v thi gian hon thnh cng trnh.
- Cht lng v vt t, thit b.
- Qun l cht lng trong qu trnh thi cng. a ra cc gii php x l tnh hung
thi cng nu xy ra s c thng qua s chp thun ca Bn A.
B phn qun l k thut, cht lng cng trnh:
- Gm cc k s, cn b k thut c phn cng cng tc ny cng cng tc vi cc
gim st k thut ph trch chuyn mn a ra cc bin php thi cng t yu cu ca h
s thit k, qu trnh thi cng tng hng mc phi ng quy trnh, quy phm ca Ngnh
quy nh cho cng tc xy dng cc hng mc.
- Nghin cu a ra cc gii php thi cng khc nhau nhm rt ngn thi gian thi
cng, h gi thnh sn phm nhng vn khng nh hng n cht lng cng trnh.
B phn trc c - th nghim:
* B phn trc c:
Ph trch cng tc nh v tim tuyn, cao trnh ca ton b cng trnh, tham gia cng
tc kim tra nghim thu.
* B phn th nghim:
- Trc tip lm cc cng tc th nghim n gin ti cng trng phc v thi cng.
- Lin h vi cc c quan chc nng lm cc th nghim phc v cng tc kim tra,
nghim thu bn thnh phm, thnh phm ca tng cu kin, hng mc.
B phn vt t, thit b:
- Theo di tin ca cng trnh cng Ban ch huy cng trng ln tin cung
cp vt t, thit b phc v cng tc xy dng cng trnh.
- Nghin cu tip th cc ngun, vng cung cp vt t ng chng loi t yu cu
thit k vi gi thnh h.
B phn hnh chnh:
- B phn qun l theo di, iu ng nhn s.

- B phn c gii.
- T in nc: phc v in nc cho cng trng.
- T kho bi.
- T bo v cng trng.
- Cc T i lao ng chuyn nghip trc tip.

I THI CNG
- Cc i thi cng nu trn thc hin cc nhim v do gim c iu hnh giao cho v
chu trch nhim v k thut, cht lng v tin thi cng cng trnh trc gim c
cng ty v gim c iu hnh.
- Mi i thi cng c giao k hoch thi cng cho tng hng mc ring v di s
ch o iu hnh ca gim c iu hnh. Gim c iu hnh c th kt hp cc i thi
cng vi nhau, nu cn thit thc hin nhng cng vic nht nh thuc d n.
- Cc i trng s chu trch nhim b tr c th v n, cho cng nhn thi cng, bn
v thi cng, bi c v cha vt liu, thit b, nhn lc ph hp vi tin v cng ngh
trc gim c iu hnh.
- Kim tra hng ngy v thc y tin thi cng v cng ngh ph hp vi thit k
m bo k thut.
- Cc phng ban nghip v ca ban iu hnh d n s cung cp thng tin cn thit v
gip thng xuyn cc i thi cng ny h hon thnh tng hng mc cng vic
c giao.
- Trong thi gian thc hin d n cc phng ban nghip v ca ban iu hnh d n
phi hp cht ch v thng xuyn vi nhau, h tr v phi hp cc i thi cng trong thi
cng cng trnh d n hon thnh ng tin vi cht lng cao.

MI QUAN H GIA VN PHNG V I THI CNG NGOI HIN

TRNG.
- Tr s chnh l c quan cao nht ca nh thu s chu trch nhim h tr ban iu
hnh d n v mi mt nh: Cc hot ng qun l chung, qun l hnh chnh, qun l k
thut, gim st hin trng huy ng vt t thit b, tin vn v cc cng vic khc c lin
quan phc v thi cng d n hon thnh ng tin vi cht lng cao.

- Tin hnh cc mi quan h vi chnh quyn a phng nu cn thit to iu

kin cho gim c d n hon thnh cng vic thc hin d n ca mnh.
- Kim tra thng xuyn v a ra cc gii quyt tt, ch o nu cn thit cng
trnh c th hon thnh ng tin hoc v trc tin ra.

CH HP - BO CO
Trong qu trnh thi cng cng trnh, chng ti thng xuyn t chc cc cuc hp,
bo co theo ng quy nh trong t chc thi cng nhm qun l cht ch cc cng on thi
cng cc bn: Bn A, Bn B, T vn gim st, Thit k cng nm c tnh hnh hot
ng ca cng trng.
Hi hp:
Trong quyn hn ca mnh, m bo vic qun l, ch huy thi cng c thng
sut, hiu qu, chng ti ngh ch hi hp nh sau:
ST
T
1

NI DUNG

THI IM

Hp giao nhim v tin khi cng:

- Bn A giao nhim v, lnh khi cng cho Bn B.
- Bn giao n thi cng v cc ti liu k thut cn thit.
- Gii thiu v t chc nhn s mi bn.
- Thng nht ranh gii, quyn hn ca cc b phn, thng

Trc khi
khi cng

nht quy trnh bo co, a ch gi h s.

2

- Bn B bo co k hoch, tin thi cng chi tit.

Hp giao ban nh k:
- Kim im cc ni dung trong qun l cng trng.
- Kim im vic thc hin tin , cc kh khn gp phi v
bin php gii quyt.

7 ngy / ln

- Bn B gi Bn A bo co khi lng, bo co cht lng

3

sn phm thc hin.

Hi hng ngy:
- nh gi li khi lng, cht lng tin thc hin hng
ngy.
- Thng bo k hoch thi cng ngy hm sau.

Hng ngy

- Thng bo cc quyt nh v k thut, tin gia 02 bn A

- B.
Hp t xut:

- c thc hin khi c nhng tnh hung quan trng cn

phi gii quyt ngay.
Bo co:
-

Tt c ni dung cc cuc hp ni trn c th hin trn mu bo co lu tr

v gi n cc c quan hu quan.
-

Khi hon thnh tng hng mc cng trnh, cng trnh, Bn B phi thc hin cc

bo co sau:
+ Khi hon thnh tng hng mc:
* Bo co v khi lng hon thnh.
* Cc chng t chng minh rng hng mc t cht lng theo yu cu thit
k.
+ Khi hon thnh cng trnh:
* Lp bo co hon cng.
* Lp h s hon cng cng trnh.
+ Lp bo co s c:
Trong qu trnh thi cng cng trnh, s c (nu c) xy ra th Bn B s cng vi cc
bn: Bn A, T vn gim st, Thit k cng tha thun v a ra hng gii quyt ph
hp.

CC CNG TC CHUN B THI CNG CNG TRNH

Ni dung.
- Nh cho ban iu hnh cng trng.
- Bi tp kt vt liu, bi tp kt xe my.
- Huy ng thit b, my mc, nhn lc.
- Kho st, lp thit k thi cng v trnh duyt t chc thi cng chi tit, trnh chp
thun vt liu thi cng cng chnh v tp kt vt liu.
- Cc cng tc khc: Bin bo thng tin cng trng

1. Nh cho ban iu hnh cng trng.

Ban iu hnh cng trng c xy dng ti th trn Ng Nm, m bo cho cng
tc phi hp ch huy thi cng cng trnh, nh ca ban iu hnh cng trng bao gm:
- Khu nh lm vic: Bao gm cc phng lm vic cho gim c iu hnh, ch nhim
k thut iu hnh thi cng, ch nhim KCS, cc k s thi cng
- Ngoi ra cn b tr ga ra xe, sn th thao
Cc phng lm vic u c b tr y cc thit b vn phng, in thoi, bn, gh
phng ngh c b tr ti vi, bn gh, ging, qut
2. Bi tp kt vt liu, bi tp kt xe my.
Nh thu s k hp ng nguyn tc thu mt bng lm bi tp kt vt liu my
mc thit b thi cng v b tr xy dng vn phng v nh ngh cho cc i thi cng.
Sau khi trng thu nh thu s k hp ng chnh thc v tin hnh san dn mt bng,
lm hng ro xung quang bng li thp D40, ln tri cho cc i thi cng v cng nhn,
trm bo dng sa cha my mc thit b
3. Huy ng thit b, my mc, nhn lc.
Sau khi nhn c thng bo trng thu nh thu s cn c vo khi lng, tin thi
cng huy ng my mc thit b v nhn lc m bo p ng y theo tin thi
cng cng trnh.
V nhn lc: m bo cho cng tc c trin khai nhanh nht nh thu s tin
hnh khn trng thnh lp ban iu hnh d n.
- V cn b k thut v ch huy: Bao gm cc k s, c nhn, c y trnh
chuyn mn nghip v cao sc kho tt, c t cch o c tt, c l lch trong sng r rng
p ng yu cu ca nhim v thi cng.
- V lc lng cng nhn k thut: Nh thu s huy ng lc lng cng nhn lnh
ngh ca n v nhm m bo y nht cho cc cng vic cn n k thut thi cng. Lc
lng ny nm trong bin ch ca n v nn m bo tt v chuyn mn cng nh sc
kho, c t cch o c tt, c l lch trong sng r rng.
Ngoi ra trong qu trnh thi cng mt s cc hng mc cn n th cng nh thu s
tn dng nhn cng a phng nhm m bo y nhn cng cho thi cng t tin ,
trn c s tr lng nhn cng theo quy nh ca nh nc ban hnh.

V my mc thit b: Nh thu s huy ng my mc thit b ng vi s lng v

cht lng nh trong bng k khai h s d thu. Ton b my mc thit b s c tp kt
y ti bi tp kt my mc trc khi khi cng 1 tun. Trc khi thi cng nh thun s
mi KSTV kim tra v s lng v cht lng cng nh chng loi cc loi xe my thit b
thi cng chnh.
4. Cng tc kho st thit k v lp bn v t chc thi cng, xy dng phng th
nghim hin trng, trnh vt liu thi cng
Khi trng thu thi cng cng trnh nh thu s tin hnh cng tc kho st thit k bn
v thi cng v xy dng phng th nghim hin trng.
Nh thu s tin hnh o c kim tra cc mc cng trnh trn c s s gim st ca
KSTV vic kim tra bao gm: Cc mc cao , cc nh ng chuyn, cao ng en,
v tr cc cng trnh trn tuyn
Cc mc cao s c nh thu tin hnh kim tra v to lp mt h thng ng
chuyn dc hai bn tuyn v ti v tr cc cng trnh nhm to iu kin thun li cho cng
tc thi cng v kim tra sau ny. Cc mc cao s c t ti cc v tr m cng tc thi
cng khng nh hng ti, h thng cc mc s c btng v s ho trong bnh thi
cng tuyn ng.
Cc cc mc ca nh ng chuyn trn tuyn, cc cc ch yu nh cc ng n ,
N, NC, T, TC, H cc Km v cc cc chi tit khc cng c khi phc vi s gim st
ca KSTV. Nh thu s tin hnh i chiu kim tra v tr cc cc v cao ti cc cc trnh
KSTV sau tin hnh gi cc cc ra khi phm vi thi cng nhm m bo c nh v tr
tuyn trn bnh v ngoi thc a.
Trn c s cc kt qu o v v kho st a hnh, nh thu s tin hnh lp bn v thi
cng chi tit cng trnh: Bnh , trc dc, trc ngang, cc cng trnh, tin thi cng chi tit
trnh cho KSTV v ch u t. Ton b cc cng vic trong phn ny s c nh thu tin
hnh thi cng khn trng nhm m bo cng tc trin khai thi cng c nhanh nht p
ng tin thi cng ra.
Xy dng phng th nghim: Nh thu s tp kt ton b thit b th nghim theo ng
danh sch nh thu k khai.
5. Cc cng tc khc.

Ngoi cc cng tc nn trn nh thu s tin hnh mt s cng tc khc nhm phc v
cho cng tc thi cng.
- Lin h vi chnh quyn a phng ni n v thi cng ng qun trn a bn
ng k tm tr tm vng qun s thi cng v cam kt bo m an ninh trt t vi chnh
quyn a phng.
- Kt hp vi ch u t v chnh quyn a phng gii phng mt bng cc v tr
trn tuyn.
- Sn xut lp dng bin bo cng trnh, cng trng, bin bo thi cng.
- Lp t in thoi my fax cho ban iu hnh, vn phng t vn, ch u t, cc i
thi cng
III/ PHNG N V TRNH T THI CNG CNG TRNH
A. PHNG N THI CNG:
1. H s cn c thi cng, phn b cng vic.
Cn c vo thit k k thut do Cng ty C Phn T Vn Xy Dng Giao
Thng ng Thp thc hin.
2. Gii php thi cng tng qut.
-

Thi cng c gii kt hp vi th cng.

Cng ty s tp trung ton b cc phng tin my mc cng nh nhn lc theo

tin d kin y nhanh tin thi cng, m bo cht lng cng trnh v an
ton giao thng trong qu trnh thi cng cc hng mc.
-

m bo lu thng v y nhanh tin trong qu trnh thi cng. Cng ty s

b tr cc i thi cng theo hnh thc cun chiu trn tng an tuyn trnh trng lp
nhau trn tuyn gy ch tc cng vic v tun t theo cc hng mc trn tin lp,
thi cng n u l dn dp hon thin ngay n .
3. Tin thi cng: Chng ti d kin thi cng trong vng 180 ngy.
B. TRNH T THI CNG
B.1 PHNG N THI CNG TNG QUT:
- Cng tc chun b (o c, tp kt xe my, vt t, ).
- Thi cng h thng cng ngang ng.
- Thi cng h thng cng dc v h thng h ga.

- o t nn ng.
- p nn ng bng ct.
- Thi cng lp mi.
- Thi cng lp mng cp phi dm lp 1.
- Thi cng b va, di phn cch.
- Thi cng lp mng cp phi dm lp 2.
- Thi cng h thng chiu sng.
- Thi cng va h.
- Ti nha lt tiu chun 1,0kg/m2
- Thm BTNN ht mn dy 7cm.
Gi thu xy lp vi hin trng cng trnh ng hin nay l xy dng mi. Do
cng trnh c chng ti kt hp hi ha gia thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt
hp c gii v th cng y nhanh tin trong thi gian cho php vi k hoch ra
l 180 ngy .
- Da trn cc iu kin thc t ti hin trng, n v thi cng chng ti xy dng nn
phng n thi cng thch hp. C th l thnh lp hai i thi cng chnh cho cc tuyn
ng. Mi i c chia thnh 2 t.
-

Vic s dng my thi cng ch huy trng cng trnh linh hot iu phi xe my
hi ho gia hai i sao cho t hiu qa nht
-

Hng thi cng chnh u tuyn v Cui tuyn .

Phng php thi cng cun chiu.

THIT B, NHN S THI CNG CHO TNG CNG TC
Cng tc trc c:
-

Thit b cn thit :
My kinh va

: 1 chic.

My thu bnh

: 1 chic.

Nhn cng 5 ngi.

Thi cng h thng thot nc :

Cng s dng thi cng h thng thot nc l cng BTCT. i 1 s m

trch thi cng h thng thot.

Thit b cn thit :
Xe o bnh xch 0.8m3

: 2 chic.

My trn btng 350L

: 2 ci.

m di

: 2ci.

My bm nc

: 2 ci.

Nhn cng l 20 ngi c chia lm 2 t. Tuy nhin khi cn thit cc t

c th h tr cho nhau ti a nhm thc bin theo ng k hoch tin
ca Cng ty ra.

Thi cng o nn ng:

-

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp c gii v nhn cng . i
1 s m trch thi cng o nn ng v lu ln nn ng.

Thit b cn thit :
Xe o bnh xch 0.8m3

: 1 chic.

Xe i D31

: 1 chic.

Xe t t 10T

: 5 chic.

Nhn cng 5 ngi.

Thi cng p ct nn ng:

-

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp c gii v nhn cng . i
2 s m trch thi cng o nn ng v lu ln nn ng.

Thit b cn thit :
Xe i

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh lp 16T

: 1 chic.

Xu lu bnh lp 9T

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh thp 8T-10T

: 2 chic.

Nhn cng 5 ngi.

Thi cng p nn ng bng mi:

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp c gii v nhn cng. i 1
s m trch thi cng ton b hng mc ny hng thi cng t u tuyn
n cui tuyn.

Thit b xe my ch yu :
Xe i 110CV

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh st

: 2 chic.

Xe ti nc 5m3

: 1 chic.

Xe lu rung 16T-32T

: 1 chic.

Nhn cng l 5 ngi.

Thi cng p nn ng bng cp phi dm lp 1:

-

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp c gii v nhn cng. i 2
s m trch thi cng ton b hng mc ny hng thi cng t u tuyn
n cui tuyn.

Thit b xe my ch yu :
Xe i 110CV

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh st

: 2 chic.

Xe ti nc 5m3

: 1 chic.

Xe lu rung 16T-32T

: 1 chic.

Nhn cng l 5 ngi.

Thi cng nn ng bng cp phi dm lp 2:

-

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp c gii v nhn cng. i 2
s m trch thi cng ton b hng mc ny hng thi cng t u tuyn
n cui tuyn.

Thit b xe my ch yu :
Xe ban 110CV

: 1chic.

Xe i 110CV

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh st

: 2 chic.

Xe ti nc 5m3

: 1 chic.

Nhn cng l 5 ngi.

Thi cng phn b va, di phn cch, va h:

-

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp nhn cng v c gii . i
1 s m trch thi phn va h bn tri v i 2 s thi cng phn va h bn
phi. Hng thi cng t u tuyn n cui tuyn.

Thit b xe my ch yu :
My trn btng 350L

: 3 ci.

m di 25KW

: 2 ci.

My bm nc

: 1 ci.

Xe lu bnh hi

: 2 chic.

Nhn cng l 20 ngi .

Thi cng h thng chiu sng :

-

Thi cng theo phng php cun chiu kt hp nhn cng v c gii . i
1 s m trch thi phn va h bn tri v i 2 s thi cng phn va h bn
phi. Hng thi cng t u tuyn n cui tuyn.

Thit b xe my ch yu :

Xe cu

: 1 chic.

My trn btng 350L

: 3 ci.

m di 25KW

: 2 ci.

Nhn cng l 5 ngi .

Thm BTNN ht mn dy 7cm:

- Hai i s kt hp thc hin thi cng tc thm BTNN cho ton b tuyn ng .
Vic trin khai cng tc thm BTNN s thc hin ng b trn ton tuyn v cc cng
tc hon thin cng trng khc.
- Thit b xe my ch yu :
Xe ra thm BTNN

: 1 chic.

Xe ti nha

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh st

: 1 chic.

Xe lu bnh lp

: 1 chic.

Nhn cng l 10ngi.

Cng tc hon thin ( Bo dng , v sinh chun b bn giao ) :
-

Thit b xe my ch yu :

Xe lu bnh st

: 1 chic.

Xe bn ti nc

: 1chic

Nhn cng l 10 ngi.

B.2 THUYT MINH BIN PHP THI CNG CHI TIT CC HNG MC.
1. Chun b thi cng.
Cng tc nhn bn giao mt bng v tim mc cng trnh:
-

a im: Ti khu vc xy dng cng trnh.

Thnh phn tham gia bn giao:

+ Ch u t.
+ n v thit k.
+ n v thi cng.

Ni dung bn giao:
+ n v thi cng phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng nhn bn giao khu vc
cn thit trin khai cng trnh.
+ Xc nhn v bn giao trn thit k v trn hin trng.
+ Cc mc ta , cao thit k c s.
+ Lp bin bn bn giao.

Trnh t bn giao mt bng, tim, mc:

+ Bn giao trn bn v thit k.
+ Bn giao ngoi thc a.
Sau khi bn giao, n v thi cng tin hnh kim tra, kho st. Nu c s thay i

so vi mt bng thit k, n v thi cng s c kin bo co vi bn A iu chnh

kp thi.
Cng tc thit lp h thng ln tri, kho bi:
Cng tc t chc ln tri:

n v thi cng s chn v tr thch hp thun tin cho vic iu hnh thi cng, tp kt
vt t, thit b, dng c thi cng v ni n , sinh hot cho cn b, cng nhn cng
trng.
-

Khi hnh chnh: Cung cp ni lm vic cho BCH cng trng, m bo cng tc

iu hnh tng th ca BCH cng trng, thun li cho s kt hp iu hnh gia BCH
cng trng vi cn b k thut ca Bn A.
-

Khi nh tm: Cung cp khu sinh hot, n cho cn b, nhn vin cng trng.

Khu ln tri sn xut, kho bi.

Cng tc nghim thu vt liu:

-

Ly mu vt liu: i din Bn A, Bn B, nh cung cp vt liu cng lp bin bn

ly mu.
-

Th nghim cc ch tiu c l ca vt liu.

Sau khi c kt qu th nghim vt liu do c quan chc nng thc hin, hai bn A-B

lp bin bn nghim thu vt liu, cho php s dng thi cng cng trnh.
Cung cp in cho cng trng:
Cung cp in cho sinh hot v bo v: lin hin vi ch u t v nh dn xung
quanh.
Cung cp nc cho cng trng:
Dng nc btng, trn va, sinh hot.c kt qu th nghim cht lng
ph hp vi TCVN 4506-1987: Nc dng cho Btng v va.
Ngun cung cp: lin hin vi ch u t v nh dn xung quanh.
2. Cng tc trc c
nh v cng trnh xy dng trong phm vi khu t
Sau khi xc nh gii hn trc cc hng mc, chng ti s mi T Vn Gim
St ca Ch u T v quyt nh v tr cng trnh trong khun vin t. Sau
chng ti s tin hnh xc nh cc mc chun, cc mc ny s c bo qun
sut qu trnh thi cng phc v cc cng vic sau ny.
Cng tc o c c tin hnh thng xuyn trn cng trng, bao gm tt c
cc cng vic xc nh v tr, cao cho cc hng mc, cc chi tit thi cng t

vic lp t coffa cho n cc cng vic hon thin thc hin giai on cui ca
cng trnh.
Lp li trc ta trc c
Li trc c c lp cn c vo cc trc theo thit k. y l cng tc quan
trng, bo m cng trnh c b tr ng v tr, ng kch thc v thng ng.
Cc li trc ca cc b phn kt cu bn trn c lp trn c s li xut pht
t cc mc chun bn di, cc im ny c chuyn ln theo phng php
chuyn thng ng.
Quan trc bin dng cng trnh
Mc ch o ln lch, bin dng kt cu ca bn thn cng trnh v cc cng
trnh ln cn nhm c bin php x l thch hp cc s c bt thng c th xy ra.
Cc iu kin k thut trong cng tc trc c cn c lu :
Li khng ch thi cng phi thun tin cho vic b tr thi cng, ph hp vi
b cc cng trnh, bo m chnh xc cao v bo v c lu di.
Cng tc trc c phi c tin hnh mt cch c h thng, cht ch, ng b
vi tin thi cng, m bo v tr, cao , kch thc ca kt cu xy dng.
My mc s dng trong o c phi cn tt, c kim tra nh k v cn
chnh chnh xc trc khi s dng.
V tr nh du cc mc o phi lun c bo v n nh, khng b m, mt i
trong qu trnh thi cng. an ton chng ti s ng gabarit khng ch phm vi
khu t hay v tr mng trn mt bng. an ton cho cc mc chng ti s gi cc
mc chnh sang cc mc khc nm ngoi phm vi khi nh, mc ny b h s c
cc mc khc thay th vo. Li trc cng s c gi n cc v tr khc tin cho
vic kim tra khi cn thit, cc mc chnh c cho sn bi pha T Vn hay Cc a
Chnh lm mc chun cho ton b cng trnh. N s l mc quyt nh cao , v tr
ton b cng trnh.
Vic quan trc bin dng cng trnh phi da trn h thng mc c s o ln
c thit lp gn cc i tng o, cch xa cc i tng gy chn ng mnh.
3. Thi cng h thng cng thot nc:
-

Cng vic thi cng cng phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

Mng phi t yu cu thit k

Lp mng phi m bo ng nht v t yu cu sau khi m nn.

Cng sau khi lp t hoc xy xong phi m bo ng dc theo thit k v cc

mi ni phi m bo khng thm, khng r r.

-

Trnh t thi cng h thng thot nc nh sau:

+ Phn ni cng ngang:
o t h mng, ng c trm, m ct ph u c.
Thi cng lp t gi cng.
H chnh ng cng, chn btng v va trt mi ni.
p ct lng cng: Tn dng t o mng p tng lp ti a 20cm,
ring lp t trn lng cng >=50cm mi tin hnh m cht.

* Phng php thi cng chung:

-

ng cng c cung cp n chn cng trnh.

nh v tim cng bng my kinh v

dc my thu bnh.

S dng my o tin hnh o h mng, to khun cng. t o c ln xe v

ch ng ni quy nh. (Chn lc li mt s t tt tn dng p li trn lng

cng).
-

Sau khi o gn n cao thit k, s dng nhn cng sa sang li y cng v tin

hnh thi cng lp mng cng.

Dng xe o kt hp vi nhn cu lp t gi cng

Sau tip tc dng my o v nhn cng a cng t vo v tr.

Cng c vn chuyn n cng trng khng c nt n v c kim
nghim ng theo yu cu thit k mi cho xung cng, khng cng v trn lan
chim dng mt ng. Sau khi xc nh v tr lp t cng th o n u lp t
cng ngay n m bo vic i li ca nhn dn c d dng. Khi xung
cng cn phi t n nh trn nn mng, khng b chnh hoc khp khnh, nu
khng tim cng s b lch, mi ni khng ng nht lm cho tuyn cng khng
lin tc s gy xi cc b lm m nn ng hoc ng gy tc nghn trong qu
trnh a vo s dng.

Thi cng cc mi ni cng.

p t lng cng.

Trong qu trnh thi cng m bo an ton cho xe lu thng trn cc on thi

cng, trong khi thi cng cn phi lm ro chn, bin bo v c ngi hng dn giao
thng. Ban m phi c n in hng dn an ton cho ngi i li.
-

Sau khi cng tc lp t hon thin v c ch u t kim tra nh thu tin hnh

lp t v m nn cho t cng cht theo thit k

4. Cng tc o t nn ng.
Nh thu chng ti s chun b chu o iu kin an ton, v sinh, tin li cho mt
bng. Chng ti s cm bin bo nhng ni nguy him, dn sch nhng bi cy,c,
cc r cy, cc chng ngi vt c trn mt bng.Chng ti s tin hnh cm cc mc
gii hn v tr nn ng.
Chng ti s tin hnh thi cng cng tc t ch yu bng c gii. Ngoi ra,
chng ti dng my o t gn n thit k, sau kt hp vi o t bng th
cng ban gt to bng phng cho h o. Trong trng hp gp cc h mng c
nc ngm hay nc mt, chng ti o cc rnh tiu nc vng quanh h mng
xung mt khong 150-200mm v to cc h thu tm thi gom nc v mt ni
,ri dng my bm bm nc ra khi h o lun gi cho h o c kh ro,
sch.
Trong qu trnh thi cng phn mng, mt h thng my bm nc cc b vi
h thng ng thot nc s c s dng thot nc mt m bo cng trnh lun
sch s, kh ro trong sut qu trnh thi cng.
Cc giai on nghim thu cng tc t, nn mng s c chng ti tin hnh
bao gm nh sau:
+ Nghim thu nn ng o: kch thc hnh hc.
5. Thi cng p ct nn ng:
Yu cu vt liu:
-

Ct p nn phi t cc yu cu k thut theo thit k.

S dng t vn chuyn t t ni khai thc n cng trng v thnh tng ng

xen k dc theo nn ng.

-

Dng my san san t c xe vn chuyn ng thnh lp theo ng mui luyn

nhng mi lp khng vut qu 30cm.

-

m ln s b lp t v cho nhn cng b ph nhng ch trng.

Cng tc lu l c tin hnh 2 giai on:

+ Giai on 1: chim 50% cng lu yu cu, dng lu rung 16 T, tc lu t 2 3
Km/h. Sau khi lu 3 4 lt u th kt hp vi nhn cng b ph nhng ch trng
cha ng nht to mi dc ng mui luyn. Sau khi lu xong giai on ny cho xe
my ngh khong 1 2 gi kt cu se bt li nhm to n nh tng i ca
phn nn ng.
+ Giai on 2: Tin hnh lu ln cht, dng lu c ti trng t 8 10 T lu vi tc
2 - 3 Km/h, tin hnh lu ln cho n khi nn ct bng phng khi xe lu i qua
khng hng vt lu trn mt ng. Trong khi tin hnh lu ln th vt lu sau phi
ln vt lu trc t nht 15 cm, khi lu mp ngoi nn ng th vt lu phi ln ra
ngoi t 20 30 cm nhng trnh tnh trng ph hng mt ng do vt lu gy ra.
Khi lu trn ng cong th phi lu theo th t t bng ln lng ng cong. Khi lu
ln nu bnh xe dnh bc vt liu mt ng th phi cho dng cng lu v lm sch
bnh lu ri mi tin hnh lu tip. Trong thi gian ra ct v tin hnh lu phng nu
gp tri nng to lm bc m lp ct liu th tin hnh ti nc duy tr m
cho ct liu nhm t cht lng theo thit k.
-

Tin hnh lu ln cho n khi t cht yu cu K = 0,95.

6. Thi cng lp cp phi dm :

-

Sau khi lu ln nn ng t cao trnh v cht yu cu v c ch u t chp

thun, tin hnh thi cng lp dm :

-

Dng xe ben vn chuyn dm t ni khai thc n chn cng trng v thnh

tng ng mt bn l ng trnh ch tc giao thng.

-

Dng my san kt hp vi nhn cng ra y nhanh tin v t bng

phng cao.
-

dm c ri u c lu ln 3 giai an cn theo ng quy trnh thi cng mt

ng dm. Trong qu trnh lu c ti nc, lng nc ti cn c vo tng giai

on lu v thi tit hng ngy. Trong qu trnh ri v lu thng xuyn c i ng o t
thng xuyn kim tra cao v dc mt cho ph hp yu cu thit k.
Cc giai on lu ln: Gm 03 giai on: Ln xp, ln cht v lu to lp v cng.
-

Yu cu ca cng tc lu ln l sau khi kt thc giai on ny mt ng phi bng

phng, cht v mui luyn t yu cu thit k.

Trong khi lu cn phi ht sc trnh lm v nhiu, v vy phi sp xp ln lt t

lu nh n lu nng v tc lu t chm n nhanh, v lu va ti nc. Lun

gi

mt m nhng khng sng nc, lng nc ti phi cn c vo thi tit v m

sn c trong quyt nh tng lng nc ti cho c 3 gia on l t 78 lt/m 2 .
-

Giai on ln xp: Yu cu ca giai on ny l ln p lp dm tm n nh, gim

bt rng, bnh lu trc t x dch, gn sng. Trong giai on ny, chng ti dng
lu 6T (p lc bnh lu khong 45 kg/cm2 ), tc lu ti a khng qu 1,5km/h, cng lu
phi t t 10 15% cng lu yu cu. Lng nc ti trong giai on ny t 2 3
lt/m2 . Ring 3 lt lu u khng cn ti nc. Trong giai on ny cn phi tin hnh
song song vic b mt ng cn bn t v bng phng v mui luyn.
-

Giai on ln cht: Trong giai on ny l lm cho cc ht dm chn cng vo

nhau tip tc lm gim khe h gia cc hn , ng thi mt phn mt, bt

hnh thnh do trong qu trnh lu ln chn cht vo cc khe h ca . Trong qu trnh lu,
phi theo di mt ng thi ri chn ( 0.015 x0.5 , 0.5 x 1) lp kn cc khe h
lm cho mt ng chng cht.
-

Dng lu 8 10T (c p lc t 50 70 kg/cm2 ), cng lu t t 65-75% s cng lu yu

cu. Trong 3-4 lt lu u, tc khng c qu 2 km/h, t lt lu th 5 tr i c th

tng tc n 3km/h, lng nc t 23 lit/m2
-

Phi cn c vo vic theo di cng lu t c quyt nh kt thc ng lc

giai on ny. Vic kt thc ng lc giai on ny rt quan trng, nu kt thc qu sm

nn khng cht, nu ko di thi gian lu ln khong c vt liu chn c th lm cho
v nhiu, mt ng khng n nh. Theo kinh nghim ca chng ti, c th kt thc
giai on ny khi bnh lu khng hn vt trn hoc nm vin di bnh xe ang
lu, vin khng ln xung m v vn di bnh xe.
-

Giai on hnh thnh lp v cng: Giai on ny dng lu nng t 10-12T, chy vi

tc 3km/h, cng lu trong giai on ny chim khong 10-15% cng lu yu cu, lng
nc ti 1,5-2,5 lt/m2 .
-

Vi trnh t v cc gii php thi cng nh trn th n khi kt thc lu ln giai on 3,

mt ng hnh thnh mt kt cu vng chc, mn, bng phng, m bo mui luyn

theo yu cu thit k.
-

Tin hnh lu ln cho n khi t cht K = 0.98 .

7. Thi cng g l:

Cng vic c tin hnh ch yu bng th cng.

Thi cng b va:
-

S dng 02 i thi cng: Mt i thi cng mt pha. Hai i thi cng ny thng
xuyn phi hp cht ch v ng b trong qu trnh thi cng trn ton tuyn.

Cng vic thi cng Vn khun hon ton s dng Vn khun thp nh hnh lp v
tho d c nhanh chng.

T chc thi cng trin l c hai bn, nhng phi hon thnh dt im tng on cng
tc b phn thi cng phn va h c th tin hnh thi cng c nhm y nhanh tin
thi cng trn ton cng trnh.

Cng tc btng: s dng my trn btng c bnh xe dung tch va di chuyn d

dng trn ton tuyn. m lp lt bng m bn, lp btng g c m bng m di
cng sut 1,5 CV.
Thi cng va h:

Sau khi p nn ng m rng t cao thit k, tin hnh thi cng p t chn
lc via h. Cng vic ny c tin hnh trn 2 tuyn va h song song nhau v tng 50m.
cht ca nn h va h c lu ln cht bng m rung 2000 Kg/10m2. Sau thi
cng thi cng lp dm.

Thi cng lp btng 1x2M150 mng va h.

Thi cng lt gch Terazzo 40x40

8. Thi cng h thng chiu sng.
Cng vic c tin hnh ch yu bng th cng.
Thi cng tr n chiu sng.
nh v tim tr n chiu sng.
o t tr n tr n.
Lp dng vn khun, nh v tim bulong tr n.
btng 1x2M200 mng tr n.
Thi cng o mng cp, lp t ng.
Da trn b va , dng nhn cng o phui cp theo ng thit k.
Lun dy 2x11mm2 vo ng uPVC trn va h, ng STK cc v tr bng ng.
Lp t theo ng thit k.
p t phui o.
Thi cng lp t tr n.
Dng nhn cng kt hp vi xe o tin hnh dng tr.

Lun dy ln tr.
Lp t cn n, bng n.
Thi cng u ni in.
9.

Thm BTNN ht mn dy 7cm

Cng tc chun b:

Trc khi ri lp BTNN ti mt lng nha dnh bm tiu chun 1,0

Kg/m2, c th dng loi nha rng c tc ng c trung bnh vi tc
nht 70/30, hoc nh tng nha phn tch nhanh hoc phn tch va.
Vic ti nha dnh bm phi c thc hin trc khi ri lp btng
nha t 3 5 gi.
Nu khng c th dng nha lng v nh tng th c th dng nha c
nu n nhit thi cng ri ti u tiu chun 1 Kg/m2.
Dng cc v cng dy v tr v cao ri hai bn mp mt ng
ng vi thit k.
Vn chuyn hn hp btng nha:

Dng t t vn chuyn btng nha. Chn ti trng v s lng ca

t ph hp vi cng sut ca xng trn v c ly vn chuyn.
Thng xe c y kn, thng xe c bn bn v sch. Trc khi rt hn
hp vo tin hnh phun qut lp mng x phng hoc du mazut vo y
v thng xe.
Khi tri lnh c gi mnh, ng xa cn bt che ph gi nhit hn
hp btng nha.
Trc khi hn hp btng nha vo phu my ri, nhit hn hp s
c kim tra bng nhit k.
Ri hn hp btng nha:

Tin hnh ri hn hp btng nha bng my chuyn dng. nhng ch

c bit, hp m my chuyn dng khng n c th ri bng th cng.
Khi bt u ca lm vic, chng ti cho my hot ng khng ti 10 -15
pht kim tra my mc, s hot ng ca gung xon v bng chuyn,

t nng tm l, hai con xc sc (hoc thanh g) c chiu cao bng 1,5 b

dy thit k lp btng nha.
Ty b dy lp Btng nha m iu chnh tc my ri. Trong sut qu
trnh ri tc ca my ri phi gi u.
Phi thng xuyn dng que st nh du kim tra b dy ca lp
btng nha ri, khi cn iu chnh b dy ri ca lp btng nha th vn
tay quay nng (hoc h) tm l t t lp BTN khi b khc.
Trong sut qu trnh ri hn hp BTNN m bo thanh dm ca my ri
lun hot ng .
Cui ngy lm vic, my ri chy khng ti ra qu cui vt ri khong 5
7 mt mi ngng hot ng. Dng bn trang nng co st vung vn cho
mp cui vt ri chiu dy v thnh mt ng thng gc vi trc
ng. t thanh g chn dc theo mp cui vt ri trc khi lu ln.
Cui ngy lm vic xn b mt phn hn hp mp ch ni tip dc v
ngang c ngay thng, thng ng, b dy tin hnh ngay sau khi ln
xong, lc hn hp cn nng.
Trc khi ri tin hnh sa sang li mp ch ni tip dc v ngang v qut
mt lp mng nha lng ng c va hay nh tng nha phn tch
nhanh (hoc sy nng ch tip ni bng thit b chuyn dng) m bo
s kt dnh tt gia vt ri c v vt ri mi.
Khi my ri lm vic, chng ti b tr nhn cng cm bn trang xng, co
st i theo my lm cc cng vic sau:
+ T ph hn hp ht nh ly t trong phu my ri thnh lp mng
dc theo vt ni.
+ Xc b nhng ch hn hp mi ri c qu nhiu nha hoc tha
nha v b vo ch hn hp tt.
+ Gt b b ph nhng ch li lm cc b trn lp btng nha mi
ri.
+ Dng xn xc ch hn hp thp tay, khng ht t xa hn hp
khng b phn tng.

+ Ri th cng ng thi vi my ri c th lu ln chung vt ri bng

my vi ch ri bng th cng, bo m mt ng ng nht khng c
vt ni.
Trng hp my ang ri gp ma t ngt th:
+ Bo co ngay v xng trn tm ngng cung cp hn hp.
+ Khi lp b tng nha c lu ln mt t th dng li, san b hn
hp ra khi phm vi mt ng. Ch khi no mng ng kh ro li
mi ri hn hp btng nha tip.
Trng hp my ri ang lm vic b hng th bo v xng trn tm ngng cung
cp hn hp v cho php dng my san t hnh san ri nt s hn hp cn li (nu b
dy thit k ln BTNN ln hn 4cm) hoc ri nt bng th cng khi khi lng hn
hp cn t.
Lu ln hn hp btng nha:

- Lu ln mt ng btng nha nng bng lu bnh cng 5 8 tn,

10 12 tn hoc lu rung 4 8 tn v lu bnh lp.
- Nn dng lu bnh cng c 2 trc 2 bnh hoc 3 trc 3 bnh.
- Chng ti s thit k s lu cho tng trng hp c th hin
trng trc khi lu ln.
- My ri lp BTNN xong n u, my lu tin theo lu ln ngay
ti , tranh th lu ln khi hn hp cn gi nhit lu ln c hiu
qu cao nht.
Chng ti tnh ton c th t c tng s lu cn thit trc
khi nhit ca lp BT nha ri nng gim xung n 700C.
Trnh t lu:

- u tin lu nh (5 8 tn) i 2 4 ln/im, tc lu 1,5 2

km/h.
- Sau dng lu bnh lp 16 tn, lu 8 9 ln/im, tc lu 2 3
km/h.
- Cui cng dng lu bnh st (10 12 tn) i 3 5 ln/im, tc
lu 2 3 km/h.
- nhng ch ri bng th cng u tin lu bng lu nh i 3 4
ln/im, tc lu 1,5 2 km/h sau phi hp vi cc loi lu
khc.

- Trong qu trnh lu ln chng ti thng xuyn bi t mt cc

bnh xe lu bng nc l hoc bng hn hp nc + du ha (t l
1/1). Khi hn hp dnh bm bnh xe lu th tin hnh dng xng co
ngay v bi t mt bnh li. Mt khc dng hn hp ht nh b
ngay vo ch b bc.
- Nhng ni hp my lu khng n c th dng m bng kim
loi, vt m chng ln nhau 1/3.
- My lu i dn t mp mt ng vo gia ri t gia ra mp, vt
bnh lu ln nhau t nht l 20 cm. Khi lu ln trn vt ri th
nht, cha li mt di rng 1m k t mp vt ri (v pha tim
ng). Khi lu ln vt ri th hai th dnh nhng vt lu u tin
cho mi ni dc gia vt ny v vt ri bn cnh.
- Trong lt lu u ca my lu, bnh xe ch ng i trc (my i
li v pha my ri).
- Khi my lu khi ng, i hng tin li th thao tc nh nhng,
khng lm x hn hp. My lu khng li trn lp BTN cha
c lu ln cht v cha ngui hn.
- Sau mt hai lt u tin ca lu nh, chng ti tin hnh kim tra
dc ngang bng thc mu v bng phng bng thc di
3m, b khuyt ngay nhng ch cha t yu cu khi hn hp cn
nng.
- Sau khi lu ln xong nu pht hin nhng ch cc b h hng (ri
rc, qu nhiu nha, bong bt, nt n,) chng ti s o b ngay
khi hn hp cha ngui hn ri qut sch, bi lp nha lng hay
lp mng nha t nng y v xung quanh thnh mp ri
hn hp BTNN c cht lng tt vo v lu ln li.
Kim tra v nghim thu:
-

Kim tra:

Kim tra lp BTN.

Kim tra cht lng tng lp mng.

Kim tra bng phng bng thc di 3m theo tiu chun

ban hnh theo Q 1051/ QKT4 ngy 10/5/1979 ca B GTVT.

Kim tra dc ngang bng thc mu.

Kim tra sch v kh ro bng mt.

Kim tra k thut ti nha dnh bm bng mt.

Kim tra cht lng hn hp BTN vn chuyn n ni ri.

Kim tra nhit hn hp trn mi chuyn xe bng nhit k

trc khi vo phiu my.

Kim tra cc dy cng hai mp mt ng lm c s kim

tra cao v v tr. Kim tra v tr cc thanh chn hai mp mt
ng. Dng my cao c v thc di.

Kim tra bng mt thnh mp cc mi ni ngang, dc ca cc

vt btng nha ri ngy hm trc.

Trong qu trnh ri hn hp btng nha, thng xuyn kim tra

bng phng bng thc di 3m, chiu dy lp ri bng que st c
nh du mc ri quy nh v dc ngang ca mt ng bng thc
ri.
Kim tra cht lng mi ni dc v ngang gia cc vt ri bng
mt, bo m mi ni ngay thng, mt ni khng r, khng li lm,
khng b khc.
Kim tra cht lng lu ln ca lp btng nha trong c qu trnh
my lu hot ng theo ng quy trnh quy phm. Ch kim tra lu
ln gn mp mt ng v cc mi ni.
Nghim thu:
Sau khi thi cng hon chnh mt ng, tin hnh nghim thu v
bn giao.
Cng tc thi cng phi tha mn cc yu cu sau:
-

bng phng t yu cu theo tiu chun ban hnh km theo Q

1051/QKT4 ngy 10/5/1979 ca B GTVT.

B rng mt ng khng sai qu thit k 10cm.

B dy khng chnh lch qu 10% ca b dy thit k khi dng

my ri thng thng v khng vt qu 5% khi dng my c cc
b phn kim tra bng phng t ng.

dc ngang mt ng khng sai qu 0,5%.

H s cht lu ln ca mt ng BTNN sau 10 ngy ri khng

nh hn:
0,98 i vi lp di ca mt ng btng nha 2 lp.

0,98 i vi lp trn khi ri bng hn hp t dm, btng

nha ct.
0,98 i vi lp trn khi ri bng n hp t dm, btng
nha ct.
-

Cch xc nh h s cht lu ln theo quy nh th nghim btng

nha ca vin KHKTGT 1983.

C mi km khoan ly 03 mu khi mt ng khng rng qu 7m:

Khi mt ng rng hn 7m th c 7.000 m 2 khoan ly 01 mu. ng
knh mu khoan khng nh hn 100mm i vi btng nha ht ln v
khng nh hn 70mm i vi btng ht va v nh, khng nh hn
50mm i vi btng nha ct. Mu th nghim theo phng php
Marsan c ng knh 101,6 0,5mm. Nu khng c ng khoan th o
cc tm Btng nha vung vn cnh 30cm x 30m. o v khoan ly
mu xong phi lp bng hn hp Btng nha v m ln k ngay.
-

dnh bm gia lp Btng nha vi nhau v gia lp Btng

nha vi lp mng t yu cu (nh gi bng mt khi khoan mu
o b dy hay xc nh h s cht yu cu).

Cht lng mi ni t yu cu: bng phng, ngay thng, khng r

mt, khng c khc, khng c khe h (nh gi bng mt).

H s bm ca mt ng Btng nha ( nhm) t yu cu (theo

quy trnh th nghim xc nh nhm mt ng bng phng
php rc ct 1983 Vin KHKTGT hoc theo phng php o
di hm xe, h s bm phi khng nh hn 0,5).

Cng o ng khng c nh hn tr s thit k. Thit b v

phng php xc nh module bin dng o ng theo tiu chun
ban hnh km theo Q s 1046/QKT4 ngy 10/5/1979 ca b
GTVT, xc nh module n hi theo tiu chun ban hnh km theo
Q s 1047/QKT4 ngy 10/5/1979 ca b GTVT.

Cc ch tiu c l ca Btng nha nguyn dng ly mt ng v ca

mu Btng nha c ch b t mu Btng nha khoan hay o
mt ng phi t n cc tr s quy nh thit k. Cc ch tiu c l
tun theo bng 1 & bng 2 quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt ng
Btng nha 22 TCN 249 98.

BIN PHP M BO CHT LNG THI CNG

A. BIN PHP QUN L CHT LNG VT LIU
Kim tra cht lng vt t, vt liu :
-

Vt liu xy dng ch yu dng cho cng trnh nh ct vng, , si, xi mng,

st ... ly mu kim tra v thit k cp phi va trc khi a vo cng trnh. H
s kim nh v thit k cp phi do cc phng th nghim chuyn ngnh m
nhim. H s ny s trnh Ch u t v t vn thit k trc khi thi cng

Thnh phn, cng v cc ch tiu c lin quan ca cc vt liu phi m bo

theo ng quy nh ca cc trnh hin hnh.
-

m bo cht lng ca cng trnh cn tun th nghim tc cc quy nh thi

cng v nghim thu hin hnh ca B XY Dng v B Giao Thng Vn Ti,
tng cng tc gim st ca Ban Qun L Cng Trnh.

Tiu chun kim cht cht lng vt t nh sau:

1. B Tng, Ct Thp:
- Ct liu cho b tng v va xy dng:
Theo quy trnh Ct liu cho b tng v va - Yu cu k thut TCVN 7570
-06
- Xi mng:
Dng ximng PC40 cho btng cc loi cu kin ph hp vi TCVN 26821992.
- Nc phc v thi cng:
- Nc trn btng v va- yu cu k thut TCXDVN 324 2004.
- Ct thp trn:
+ Thp trn trn: Loi AI mc CT3.
+ Gii hn chy
: 2400kg/cm2
+ Cng tnh ton
: 1900kg/cm2
- Thp trn gai: Loi AII mc CT 5.
+ Gii hn chy
+ Cung tnh ton

: 3000kg/ cm2
: 2400kg/cm2

2. Thp cc loi:
Dng thp c sn xut trong v ngoi nc ca cc nh my
c cp chng ch theo quy m cng nghip, ph hp vi yu cu TCVN
4453 -87.

3. Ct p thn nn ng:
-

Khi lung th tch xp ln hn 1200 kg/ cm3.

Hm lng ht nh hn 0,14 mm khng vt qu 10% khi lng ct.

Hm lng hu c khng qa 5%.

4. dm cp phi 0x4:
-

Cp phi dm phi m bo cht lng v cng , mi mn v

thnh phn ht theo quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt ng cp
phi dm 22TCN 334 -06

5. Yu cu v nha ng:
-

Cc yu cu v nha phi t yu cu theo tiu chun vt liu nha

ng c 22 TCN 279 01

6. Cc yu cu v c trm:
-

C trm s dng c chiu di trung bnh 4.7m v ngknh ngn

>4.2cm.

ng knh c trm dng trong gia c nn ghi trong bn v thit k l

ng knh trung bnh, v c xc nh nh sau:
Dtb = 0.25 {D ( gc) + D( 1/3) + D (2/3) + D ( ngn)}

Chiu di cc l chiu di ton b cc sau khi vt nhn mi c nu

c.

m bo cht lng c trm, nn chn c c tnh cht sau:

+ C trm nn chn loi c ngn TB 4cm.
+ Cy pht trin bnh thng , thn tng i thng, khng bc

v, c phi ti v khng kh mc.

7. Yu cu v cng thot nc:
-

Cng thot nc ma: S dng cng trn ly .

Ln phui cng uc lp bng ct lu ln K= 0,95, cng tc p lng cng

phi thc hin theo ng quy trnh thi cng,m phi chia thnh tng lp
dy 15 - 20 cm, p u c hai pha, dng m chuyn dng m ln
cht tng lp.

Mi dc o mng cng d kin 1: 0,5. n v thi cng phi m bo an

ton lao ng, trnh tai nn c th xy ra trong qu trnh thi cng.

Bo qun vt t, vt liu :
-

Ti cng trng, st thp trong kho c mi che cch xa khu xng du.
Xi mng trong kho ring bao che kn xp trn sn g cch nn 30cm,
xp theo dy c khong cch.

Vt liu ri tp kt trn bi c khong cch khng b ln ln.

B. BIN PHP QUN L CHT LNG HNG MC CNG TRNH

1. Cc quy trnh p dng cho thi cng v nghim thu
S TT
1
2
3
4

6
7
8

Tn quy chun

K hiu

Quy trnh kim tra nghim thu cht ca

22TCN 02 71& Q

nn t trong ngnh GTVT

Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu lp cp

4313/2001/Q - BGTVT
22 TCN 334 - 06

phi dm trong kt cu o ng t
Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt
ng btng nha
Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt
ng thu mt ng lng nha
Quy trnh th nghim xc nh mun n

22 TCN 251 - 98

vng Benkelman
Quy trnh k thut xc nh dung trng ca

22 TCN 13- 79

t bng phng php rt ct

Quy trnh k thut xc nh nhm bng
phng php rc ct
Quy trnh k thut o bng phng mt

9
10

Quy trnh th nghim vt liu nha ng

12
13

14

22TCN 271 2001

h chung ca o ng mm bng cn o

ng bng thc di 3m
Quy trnh th nghim b tng xi mng

11

22 TCN 249 - 98

Quy trnh th nghim cc ch tiu c l ca

Quy trnh th nhim bt khong cht dng

cho btng nha ng
Quy trnh th nhim xc nh nhanh m
ca t bng phng php th tch
Quy trnh th nhim xc nh cng p
ch ca vt liu ht lin kt bng cc cht

22 TCN 278 - 2001

22TCN 16 - 79
22 TCN 60 84
22 TCN 279 2001
22 TCN 57 84
22 TCN 58-84
22 TCN 67-84

22 TCN 73 - 84

kt dnh
t xy dng Cc phng php xc nh
15

16

tnh cht c l ca t trong phng th

nghim
Quy trnh ly mu vt liu nha dng cho
ng b

TCVN 4195 v 4202 -1995

22 TCN 231 96

17

Kt cu BT v BTCT ton khi Quy trnh

thi cng v nghim thu

TCVN 4453-1995

Cc quy chun, tiu chun tham chiu:

S TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Tn quy chun, tiu chun

Th nghim xc nh cng BTXM
Btng nng ly mu, ch to v bo
dng 9mu th
B1 tng nng - phng php th st
Kt cu btng v btng ct thp ton
khi - Quy phm thi cng v nghim thu
Ct xy dng
Ct, a, si xy dng
Nc cho btng v va
Xi mng
t xy dng - qui phm thi cng v
nghim thu
Quy trnh thi cng v nghim thu mt
ng dm
Cp phi dm
Tiu chun kim tra v nh gi mt
ng theo ch s gh gh quc t IRI
Th nghim gii hn chy ( LL) cho
CPDD)
Th nghim gii hn do ( PL) v ch s
do (PI) cho CP
Th nghim xc nh CBR cho cp phi
dm

K hiu
TCVN 3118 - 1993
TCVN 3105 - 1993
TCVN 3106 1993
TCVN 4453 1995
TCVN 337 86 n TCVN
346 86
TCVN 1770 n TCVN 1772
- 87
TCVN 4506 - 87
TCVN 2655 2671 - 78
TCVN 4787 89
TCVN 4447 87
22 TCN 250 98
AASHTO M147 65
22 TCN 277 2001
AASHTO T89 (1997)

AASHTO T90 (1997)

AASHTO T193(1997)

2. Cng tc bo dng, bo v coffa:

Coffa s lun c m bo ng hnh dng v kch thc vi cu kin b
tng ct thp nh trong thit k khi a vo s dng. Chng ti s s
dng coffa khung thp l cc tm thp, vin ngoi l cc thanh thp gc

 tng tip xc vi nhau m bo kn kht ti nhng gc thnh

nc ximng khng chy ra ngoi, b mt thp tm.B mt coffa m bo
nhn khng g gh, phng ca b mt sai s khng qu 3mm trong
3m di. Trc khi b tng, mt trong ca coffa phi c bi trn
hon ton bng loi du chng dnh. Coffa qua s dng phi c lm
v sinh sch s trc khi s dng li, khng cn dnh va,c du bi trn,
khng nt cong vnh hay c rnh v cc khuyt tt khc.
Coffa khng dng n cn c v sinh, ct gi. lu gi phng v bo
v tt, trong kho c nm ngang trn cc tm vn phng trnh cc
thay i ln v mv cc ngoi lc tc ng bn ngoi.
Coffa sau khi lp dng xong, nu cha b tng th s c bo v k
lng, trnh khng h coffa b nt hay x lch, khng ng theo hnh
dng, kch thc thit k. Trc khi btng chng ti kim tra li ln
cui v tr, hnh dng, v lm m b mat coffa ct thp ri mi btng.
Cng tc tho g coffa ra khi v tr cng c thc hin ht sc cn thn,
k lng, trnh va chm hoc chn ng lm hng mt ngoi hay st m
cc cnh gc ca cu kin b tng hay lm cong vnh coffa.
3. Cng tc ct thp
Ton b khi lng ct thp s dng cho cng trnh l sn phm t cng
tiu chun thit k theo ng yu cu v c nhp v kho tng t theo
tng b, cun. Ct thp s dng trong kt cu btng tun theo qui nh
TCVN 4453-1995, 5574-94, 1651-95 c gia cng ti xng ct thp t
ti cng trnh vi y cc thit b my mc chuyn dng. Ct thp khi
giao v cng trng tng t theo tin thi cng v c bo qun ng
qui cch trong cc kho cha,v c ly mu kim tra cc thng s k
thut theo TCVN 197-85,198-85, c y chng ch k thut ,ngun gc
l thp. Ct thp c xp t trn cc gi k, che chn trnh m t, dnh
bm du m, bi bn
Ct thp phi m bo cht lng theo yu cu thit k v phi ph hp vi
cc tiu chun hin hnh. Khi nhp thp nhp v cng trng, nh thu
chng ti s cung cp cc chng t, l lch xut xng ca nh sn xut,

hoc phi tin hnh ly mu v th nghim theo qui nh v cc ch tiu c

l, thnh phn ha hcbi n v c thm quyn v phi t yu cu theo
thit k v c gim st bn A chp thun mi c a vo s dng. Ct
thp dng trong cc kt cu phi bo m p ng ng yu cu ca thit
k v chng loi, cng , kch thc hnh hc, khng b g st, vy cm,
khng dnh du m, bn, t
Vic gia cng ct thp ti xng c tin hnh bng my ct un ct thp
(un ngui), v cc sai s cho php, tun theo TCVN 4453-1995. Kch
thc hnh hc ca tng thanh thp s c chng ti lit k chi tit v
trnh Ban Qun L, T Vn Gim St xt duyt trc khi gia cng i tr.
Ct thp sau khi gia cng xong phi bo m ng hnh dng hnh hc nh
trnh duyt. Cc bn knh cong hay chiu di cc on ni, neo c
tun th ng theo tng loi ng knh thp v theo TCVN 4453-1995.
Khi gia cng xong, ct thp c nh s theo tng thanh, tng loi, c
b thnh tng b ring bit ,theo tng v tr lp t trnh nhm ln. Cch
buc thp s tun theo thit k c chi tit ha trong bn v. V tr,
khong cch gia cc lp thp c c bit quan tm, v chiu dy lp bo
v s bo m sao cho ct thp khng b x dch trong qu trnh b tng
l da vo cc cc k c kch thc v chiu cao nh nhau. Trong mi
trng hp c s thay i ct thp (ng knh, chng loi, chiu di)
phi c s ng ca n V Thit K v Ch u T ,T Vn Gim st
s nghim thu ct thp trc khi quyt nh cho b tng. Cng tc gia
cng, lp dng thp s c k s ca chng ti m trch v khu k
thut, gim st, nghim thu.
Bo dng, bo v cng tc ct thp
Ct thp sau khi lp dng xong, nu cha b tng th s c bo v k,
trnh khng cc vt nng ln gy x lch, khng ng theo hnh
dng, kch thc thit k v trnh cht bn nh du, m, bi t bm
dnh. Trong trng hp ch nghim thu ct thp chng ti bo qun ct
thp bng cc tm bt che ph ln ton b i cc.
Ct thp sau khi lp dng xong, chng ti s tin hnh b tng cng
nhanh cng tt, trnh cc tc nhn bn ngoi thm nhp, lm cho thp b
r, st

 Sn phm b tng sau khi tho coffa, nht thit khng c l ct thp
ra ngoi.Coffa ch c tho ra sau t 2 n 3 ngy i vi mng, dm
ging , cc kt cu chu un nh dm, sn, sn, mi ht phi c thi
gian thch hp trong khong 2 n 3 tun mi c th tho c, nhng an
ton hn l tho mt phn nhng vn gi li cc ct chng sn m bo
an ton cho h kt cu ny.
4. Cng tc bo dng b tng:
Mc ch bo dng b tng l ngn cn s mt nc v hn ch ti a s
pht sinh ng sut nhit trong qu trnh ninh kt ca b tng.
Trong 24 gi u sau khi b tng, khu vc b tng mi phi c che
chn cn thn, trnh tc nhn bn ngoi tc ng ln kt cu, khng
mi ngi bc vo khu vc ny.
Cng tc bo dng c tin hnh cng sm cng tt ngay sau khi v
hon thin b mt b tng. Mt thong ca b tng phi c bo dng,
gi m trong thi hn cho php(sau khi b tng) bng lp ph khng
thm nc hoc ti nc trn b mt,kh bao ti ct thm nc gi m
cho btng. Sau phi ti nc sch lm m b mt btng phn sn
mi phi kim tra nh k kt qu cng tc bo dng thu thp s liu (v
nhit ) c bin php x l thch hp khi gp s c.

Ngoi ra cng tc

bo dng cn phi thc hin tip tc sau khi tho coffa.

5. Ln khun ng :
Ghi r cao trn cc cc tiu, cao v c ly trn cc bo, cc chuyn.
Xc nh v tr tim ng ln khun ng c k s T vn chp
thun.
Trong qu trnh thi cng tt c cc cc chnh, cc ph, cc ch gii phi
c gi vo cc vt kin trc c nh v trong qu trnh thi cng cc cc
ny khng b my thi cng ph hng.
6. o v p t nn ng :
C th kt hp gia o th cng vi c gii.
Tin hnh o n cao nn thit k sau mi tin hnh p ct.

 Nn p phi c thc hin thnh tng lp, dy khng qu 30 cm. Sau khi
lp di t yu cu mi thc hin thi cng lp tip theo.
V cng tc kim tra cht cng nh cht lng nn p mi n v t
vn kim tra cht. Ly kt qu nghim thu thi cng kt cu o ng
pha trn.
7. Mng dm cp phi dm :
Vt liu c xay v trn theo Tiu chun ngnh Quy trnh thi cng v
nghim thu lp cp phi dm trong kt cu o ng t 22TCN252-98.
Khi ch n cng trng phi th nghim y cc ch tiu sau:
S dng cp phi loi I c thnh phn h loi Dmax =37.5mm.Tr s
mun n hi tnh ton ca vt liu: Ett = 3000 daN/cm.
m bo cht lng cho lp mng dm cp phi 0x4 n v thc hin
ch tr thi cng theo trnh t sau :
Tnh ton khi lng vt liu da theo h s ln p l 1,42.
Kim tra cht lng trc khi vn chuyn n chn cng
trng ( cng tc kim tra cht lng do n v t vn hay cc t
chc c t cch php nhn thc hin ).
Cng tc ri vt liu :
Xc vt liu ln xe vn chuyn n chn cng trng thnh tng
ng nh vi dung tch v c ly thch hp sao cho cng tc san gt t
nht trnh hin tng phn tng cng nh m bo sai s v
cao l t nht.
Trc khi san phng vt liu phi ti nc m to kt dnh
ca cc thnh phn ht trong vt liu li vi nhau.
Qu trnh san ri mt lp ln p khng c dy qu 15 cm b
mt dm cp phi 0x4 phi phng khng c gn sng v mt
khng b phn tng.
Khi thi cng lp mng c chiu dy thit k ln hn 15 cm th trc
khi thi cng lp trn phi ti nc lp di.

 Cng tc san ri vt liu xong phi tin hnh lu ngay lp tc v chia thnh
ba giai on :
Giai on u lu s b t 3-4 lt /1im ( dng lu t 6-8 tn ).
Giai on lu cht lu t 6-8 lt / 1im ( dng lu t 10-12 tn ).
Giai on lu hon thin lu t 3-4 lt /1 im ( dng lu t 6-8 tn).
T o c th nghim ca Cng ty chng ti thng xuyn tin hnh kim
tra cao hon thnh v o kim tra cht tng lp mt. Sau mi pha
T vn gim st v n v chc nng tin hnh o c, ly mu th nghim,
o E ... v cng vi pha T vn gim st nghim thu cng trnh.

CNG TC BO M AN TON LAO NG

thi cng cng trnh t c kt qu theo yu cu v bo m vn an ninh, an
ton lao ng trn cng trng, chng ti tin hnh cc bin php nh sau:
1- T chc o to, thc hin v kim an ton cng trng
Khi tin hnh thi cng trn cng trng chng ti s c cc quyt nh phn cng
trch nhim nhng ngi lm cng tc an ton, trong :
* Ch huy trng cng trng ph trch chung.
* Cn b k thut, i trng sn xut v ng u cc b phn lin quan: Thnh
vin.
* c bit c mt cn b bn chuyn trch gip ch huy cng trng theo di
cng vic ny
Nhim v ch huy cng trng
- Thnh lp tiu ban an ton - BHL cng trng, phn giao trch nhim
c th cho tng thnh vin phn giao trong ban.
- Thc hin nghim chnh cc vn bn lut cng nh cc quy phm an ton
m Nh Nc ban hnh.
- Thc hin nghim chnh cc vn bn ch th v an ton - BHL ca Cng
ty .
- T chc cho ngi lao ng cng trng c :

K hp ng hay tha c lao ng.

Hun luyn an ton - BHL theo cc bc.
Kim tra sc khe.
- T chc b phn y t, cp cu cng trng.
- T chc b phn bo v PCCC trn cng trng.
- m bo y phng tin bo v c nhn (trang b BHL) ti thiu cho
ngi lao ng nh giy, nn bo h, gng tay.
- Lp s theo di hun luyn an ton lao ng v ghi chp kin ngh ca cp
trn.
- Hng dn, kim tra, nhc nh vic thc hin cng tc an ton lao ng
trn cng trng thng qua cc cuc hp giao ban hng ngy.
- Khen thng nhng c nhn, tp th lm tt cng tc an ton, ng thi x
l k lut nhng tp th, c nhn vi phm cc quy nh an ton lao ng trn
cng trng.
Cn b k thut trn cng trng c nhim v
- Gip ch huy cng trng thc hin c th cc nhim v v an ton lao
ng theo cc bin php an ton.
- T chc gim st, kim tra cc iu kin an ninh i vi ngi lao ng
lm vic trn cng trng, qua m bo cng tc thi cng c thun li,
tin trin theo ng tin , khng gp s c.
- Kim tra, n c, hng dn v m bo an ton khi thi cng cho cc b
phn sn xut theo khu vc c phn cng.
- Chu trch nhim chnh v an ton trong khu vc c phn cng gim st
c quyn nh ch cng vic khi c s mt an ton trong khu vc gim st.
- Pht hin nhng vi phm v an ton - BHL ton cng trng v bo
co kp thi cho ch huy cng trng x l (khu vc ngoi s phn cng).
T trng sn xut c nhim v
- Thc hin nghim chnh bin php an ton thi cng ra.
- T chc k kt hp ng lao ng hay tha c lao ng tp th cho ngi
lao ng trong n v mnh qun l.

- Khi giao nhim v cho ngi lao ng phi ph bin bin php an ton
km theo v m bo y phng tin bo v c nhn cho ngi lao ng
(bo h lao ng).
- Gim st, nhc nh v hng dn cho ngi lao ng lm vic bo m an
ton v s dng trang b BHL y .
- T chc tt x l v cp cu tai nn lao ng.
- Khen thng v x l k lut kp thi v an ton - BHL cho ngi lao
ng trong n v mnh.
Trch nhim ngi lao ng
- Nhn thc ng n cng tc an ton BHL bo v li ch cho bn
thn, gia nh, X hi.
- Trc khi lao ng, ngi cng nhn phi nm vng cc thao tc an ton
quy trnh lao ng, s dng cc trang b bo h lao ng y .
- Tun theo s phn cng ca t v lm tt cng vic ca mnh, khng ch
quan, lm ba lm u.
- Khng v nhng mu thun c nhn m gy tai nn cho ng i.
- on kt, tng tr, gip nhau trong cng vic. Chm sc, thm hi,
kp thi cu cha khi ng i b tai nn lao ng.
- C quyn t chi khi iu kin lm vic thiu an ton.
- C tinh thn lm ch tp th, kp thi pht hin, gp , ngn cn nhng
trng hp vi phm cc quy tc an ton trn cng trng.
Trong c ch mi hin nay, t chc Cng on s kt hp vi Ban ch huy cng
trng kim tra an ton theo thng hay pht ng nhng phong tro thi ua
m bo an ton theo tng k. Tham gia vi chnh quyn trong vic bo v quyn
li ngi lao ng theo B lut Lao ng c ban hnh.
2- Bin php an ton lao ng m Nh nc ban hnh vo thc t cng
trng, Bo v an ninh cng trng, Qun l nhn lc thit b.
Cng ty chng ti s p dng cc bin php m bo cc quy phm an ton lao
ng m Nh nc ban hnh vo thc t cng trng nh sau:

T chc mt bng trn cng trng :

Trn cng trng, phi bo m cc yu cu sau:

- B tr mt bng hp l, thun li cho thi cng, giao thng i li v lm vic .
- H thng chiu sng y .
- C y cng trnh v sinh , t thuc y t .
- C s nht k an ton lao ng.
- C y cc bng hiu v bin cm, ni quy an ton nh :
Khu hiu An ton l trn ht , Sn xut phi an ton
Ni quy an ton cng trng, ni quy an ton s dng my mc.
Bin Cm ng in , Khu vc cm, Khu vc h su nguy him

S dng trang b bo h lao ng :

- Ngi lao ng lm vic trong cng trng c trang b bo h lao ng y
. Tt c mi ngi, khilmvic trn cng trng phi i nn cng v eo dy
an ton nu lm vic trn cao.
- Cc trang b bo h lao ng khc ty thuc vo tng loi cng vic s c
trang b hp l cho ngi lao ng nh: Gng tay, mt n th hn, ng cao su,
khu trang chng bi...

An ton thit b trn cng trng :

- Khi xe i li trn cng trng ti x phi cn thn trnh va chm vo cc vt
xung quanh v ngi.
- Ti x phi kim tra xe ca mnh thng xuyn, nht l trc khi xe chy.
- Li xe khi ra khi xe phi tt my, rt cha kha xe.
- Nhng ngi khng c trch nhim khng c ln xe iu khin phng tin.

An ton trong cng tc o t :

- Khi giao nhim v o t cho cc t lao ng, cn b k thut phi nm vng
tnh hnh, iu kin khu vc o t ni c ng dy in ngm hay ng
ng cc loi i qua hay khng ? c g nguy him hay khng c bin php
phng trnh.

- H o c su ln, nn taluy h mng phi c kim tra nghim ngt. T

chc my bm ht nc ngm ra ngoi h mng. Lun lun theo di nu c
hin tng st l th phi gim taluy v kp thi t chc phng chng.

An ton s dng in :
- Ch c cng nhn c hc qua ngh th in mi c b tr lm cc cng vic
v in.
- Lp rp mng in trn cng cng trng phi m bo hp l trn mt bng v
mt ng. Theo khu vc phi c t in v cu dao phn on. i vi thit b
cu lp, cc my ln c b tr ngun in ng lc ring, in chiu sng ring.
T in chnh c p-t-mt phng trng hp xy ra s c v in. S dng
cc cm in di ng vi dy dn cp bc 2 lp phc v cho cc dng c
in cm tay v chiu sng di ng.
- Trong cng trng, khng s dng cc dy in qu c, b trc lp cch in,
nt, dp. Thay th nhng dy bc bo m an ton. Trng hp bt c d phi
ni dy in th dng bng keo cch in.
- Tuyt i khng xy ra trng hp dy in tip xc vi st thp hay vt
t ln.
- Cc cu dao in, cm, p-t-mt phi t ni cao ro, thun li cho vic
ng ngt in, c hp g bo v.
- Th in phi c y cc ngh v in, hng ngy c nhim v thng
xuyn kim tra an ton v in khp cng trng.
- Th in c hun luyn thnh tho cng tc s cp cu ngi b tai nn in,
v hng dn cho cc t trng sn xut cch ct in khi c s c in xy ra.
- Ngi khng hiu bit hoc khng c trch nhim lin quan n cng tc in
th khng c ni dy in hoc ng m cu dao.
- Cc my dng in hoc ng c in s c kim tra v my bng dng c
Mgam-k thng xuyn.
- Tu theo tng loi thit b in hoc ng c m c cc bin php bo v ph
hp, chng hn nh ni t bo v, ct mng bo v, ni khng..., m bo khng
c xy ra s c v in trn cng trng.

 An ton trong khi s dng cc loi my nh trong xy dng (my pht in,
my m b tng, my trn btng)
Tt c cc loi my, khi s dng, cn lu chung mt s vn v bin
php an ton nh sau:
+ Cng nhn vn hnh my l ngi c o to v c chng ch.
+ Khi s dng my cn lm cc th tc bn giao ca, kim tra x l nhng
hng hc.
+ Qu trnh hot ng ca my cn theo ng cng sut, tnh nng ca my do
nh ch to qui nh.

Nhng bin php p dng khi x l nhng v vic lin quan n tai nn lao
ng :
- Trong nhng iu kin lm vic phc tp, li i hi phi p ng tin , vic
khng xy ra tai nn lao ng l vn kh khn. Chnh v vy, chng ta phi
c gng hn ch khng xy ra tai nn ng tic.
- Khi c tai nn lao ng v in, phi kp thi ct in, nhanh chng tch nn
nhn ra khi ngun in. Sau , tin hnh h hp nhn to cho nn nhn nu h
b ngt. Vi cc tai nn dng chy mu, gy xng, cn bnh tnh x l, bng b
cm mu ri a i cp cu bnh vin thnh ph ni gn nht.
- Nu b chn thng ct sng, th khi di chuyn nn nhn phi ht sc nh
nhng, trnh gy cho ngi b tai nn cc chn thng khc.
- Kp thi lp bin bn hin trng. Ni dung bin bn cn trung thc.
- Kp thi bo v Cng ty sm c bin php gip n v khc phc hu qu.
- Hp kim im, rt kinh nghim, hoc x l k lut nhm ngn chn v khng
tai nn ti din.

BIN PHP AN TON GIAO THNG

Trn cng trng thi cng b tr barrie, bin bo, n bo hiu ban m (bin bo
cng trng, bin hn ch tc ) phi b tr ngi ng hng dn xe chy. Bin bo s
c b tr sao cho ngi iu khin phng tin d dng nhn thy.

Ngi hng dn phi eo bng, c c hiu v pha c c hng dn cho xe t

vt liu. Trc khi ngh thi cng nh thu phi tp kt xe my v ng ni quy inh khng
c xe trn ng gy ch tc giao thng.
on dng vn chuyn vt liu i qua khu vc dn sinh, ng giao thng lin x,
lin thn cho nn ton b li xe phi c nhc nh v an ton giao thng hng ngy, tc
phi hn ch m bo an ton tuyt i cho ngi i ng v phng tin.
Vic vn chuyn vt liu thi cng phi trnh gi cao im, nht l lc hc sinh i v.
Xe vn chuyn vt liu phi c bt che ph trnh s ri vi trong qu trnh vn
chun lm nh hng mi trng v mt an ton lao ng.

BIN PHP BO M V SINH MI TRNG

BIN PHP PHNG CHNG CHY N

Nh thu chng ti rt quan tm ti vn ny v c bip php bo m nh sau

Thit k y h thng WC, h thng x l nc thi ti cng trng m
bo cng trnh lun kh ro, sch s.

 B tr ring i ng dn dp v sinh thng xuyn qut dn, x l x bn, rc

thi trong thi cng v vn chuyn ra khi cng trng theo ng ni qui
nh.
Phng chng bi, khi, ting n: Thng xuyn ti nc ti cc khu vc sn
sinh ra bi, khi. My mc hot ng gy ting n s c chng ti b tr
trong cc nh c bao che bng tole chng n, cch m.
Sp xp, qui nh gi lm vic c th trn cng trng trong gi hnh chnh
khng gy nh hng n gi ngh ca khu vc ln cn
Phi hp cht ch vi cc c quan chc nng, c quan a phng trong vic
bo v mi trng
Sau y l cc bin php c th:
1. Vai tr ca Ban ch huy cng trng :
- Ban ch huy cng trng ca Cng ty chng ti c giao ton quyn qun l,
gii quyt mi vn lin quan n cng tc v sinh mi trng v thc hin cc
th tc php l vi cc c quan chnh quyn s ti, vi Ban qun l d n v vi
ngi lao ng.
- Ban ch huy cng trng s lp ra cc bin php bo m v sinh mi trng ni
thi cng v khu vc ln cn, nh bin php che chn, chng bi, khi, chng n,
b tr gi gic thi cng hp l cho tng cng tc, nht l cc cng tc d gy n,
gy nhim, s dng my mc thit b ph hp, tun theo cc qui nh ca Nh
nc v ch s ting n, khi...
- Cc bin php bo v bo m v sinh, chng nhim mi trng s c kt
hp cht ch, ph hp vi bin php thi cng.
- Ban ch huy cng trng c nhim v gio dc thc chp hnh cc qui nh v
v sinh, bo v mi trng cho lc lng cn b, nhn vin, cng nhn tham gia
thi cng ti cng trng thng qua cc hot ng sinh hot, lao ng hng ngy,
cc cuc hp giao ban gia Ban ch huy vi cc i trng i thi cng,...
2. Cc bin php c th bo m v sinh, chng nhim mi trng :
a/ Thit lp h thng x l nc thi, nc thi cng v nh v sinh cng nhn trn
cng trng

- H thng nc phc v thi cng, phc v cng tc PCCC c chng ti cung

cp y v sn sng bng cc bn nc dung tch 10m 3 c b tr hp l,
thun tin theo theo mt bng t chc thi cng.
- Phi c h thng mng h thot nc ma, mng h c dc thch hp
thot nc ra h thng thot chung ca khu vc. Mt bng thi cng c to
dc, thu nc vo mng h to cho mt bng lun lun kh ro, khng ng
nc.
- Vic thot nc h mng c thc hin bng my bm. Ty theo lu lng
nc ngm s my bm c b tr thch hp. Ti cng trnh lun c 2 my bm
nc cng sut 10m3/h, cc my bm ny c bm ra mng h qua ng ng.
- Ban ch huy cng trng s t chc mt nhm lao ng gm3 ngi phc v
cho cng tc v sinh mi trng. B phn ny s trc tip thc hin cc cng vic
nh qut dn v sinh cng trng v khu vc ln cn, ti nc chng bi, thu
gom rc thi trong thi cng....
b/ Cng tc phng chng bi, chng n, chng khi
- Cng trng xy dng l ni thng sn sinh ra nhiu loi bi, nn chng ti s
trit thc hin vic phng chng bi bng cc bin php nh: ti nc cc
ngun gy bi ti khu vc gia cng ct thp, ng i li v cc khu vc khc
trc khi qut dn.
- My mc trong thi cng xy dng thng l nhng loi d gy n, gy khi,
chng n cho my chng ti t my trong khu vc ring bit, cch xa khu vc thi
cng, xung quanh c bao che chng n cn thn bng tole 2 lp, gia 2 lp c
lp cch m.
c/ Cng tc kim sot r r du m, ho cht.
- Ton b du m s dng cho xe c gii v ph v thi cng s c ng trong
phi chuyn dng trnh r r ra ngoi.
3. Phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng, c quan a phng trong vic bo v mi
trng khu vc thi cng.
Ngoi nhim v tun th cc qui nh ca Ban quan l, cc c quan chc nng, c
quan a phng v vic bo m v sinh mi trng. Ban ch huy cng trnh cn

c nhim v phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng, c quan chnh quyn s ti

trong cng tc bo v v sinh mi trng ti khu vc thi cng.

BIN PHP PHNG CHNG CHY N

TRN CNG TRNG
Cng tc phng chng chy n trn cng trng l iu bt buc mi ngi phi
tun theo v c thc bo v, phng chng. Chng ti ra bin php phng
chng chy n nh sau :
- H thng nc phc v thi cng, phc v cng tc PCCC c cung cp y
bng cc bn nc dung tch 05m, cc bnh cha chy nh bnh CO2, bt cha
chy c b tr hp l, thun tin.
- Trong ni qui cng trng c im cm mang cc vt liu n vo trong cng
trng, ngoi ra c bin cm la ti cc ni d chy nh thng cha nhin liu,
kho xng du.
- Cng trng s lp mt t cha chy bn chuyn, i ng ny lun c hun
luyn v thc tp nh k cng tc PCCC, cng nhn vn hnh my, th kho cng
c hun luyn cha chy bng bnh xt. Bo ng kp thi cho ton cng trng
,bo ngay v Ban iu hnh cng trng, ti y lun c sn s in thoi ca lc
lng cha chy a phng.

- Chng ti s ch trng n cng tc phng chng chy n, b tr cc bnh cha

chy ti phng bo v cng trng v mt s ni khc trn cng trng. Ngoi ra
ct, nc cng c dng cho cng tc cha chy nu c s c xy ra.
- ng ra vo v trong ni b cng trng c b tr thun tin cho xe cha
chy thc hin nhim v khi c s c.
- Kho bi cha vt liu c chng ti sp xp hp l, thun tin, an ton, ng
theo qui nh v PCCC.
- Nhng vt liu, cht d gy chy n hoc d lan truyn la nh coffa, g, xng,
du chy my thi cng,... c chng ti bo qun k lng, xp ring bit trong
cc kho ring bit.
Ngy 14 thng 05 nm 2011