Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CO BP TIM CH TCH RI
I/ C s l thuyt
Nh ta bit, mt phn ng xy ra th nguyn t, phn t tham gia
phn ng phi tin li gn vi nhau to ra mt cu hnh khng gian mi. Tuy
nhin khi ti mt khong cch xc nh th gia cc nguyn t, phn t xut hin
lc y culng lm cn tr qu trnh hnh thnh phn t mi.Vy cn phi cung
cp nng lng cho chng. Nng lng ti thiu cn phi cung cp cho cc
ngun t, phn t thng c lc y culng c gi l nng lng hot ha
(Ehh).
S ph thuc ca tc phn ng vo nhit c th hin qua biu thc
ton hc Arenius.
KT = P Z exp() Ehh
(1)
RT
Trong :
P : h s lp th (biu th cu hnh
khng gian ca cc nguyn t, phn
t)
Z : h s va chm
R : hng s kh
T : nhit tuyt i
Ngoi ra, ta cn biu thc lin h Vanhoff:
KT 10 (2)
Q10 =
T (1) v (2) rt ra phng trnh KT ca Ehh
EhhEhhEhh
E hh10
10
exp
exp
(T 10)
T (T10)
10)
RT (R
RT
Ehh = Q
Ehh
=
0,46
RT(T+10) lg Q10
RT (T 10)
ln
10
T+ 10=296 K
Ln 1
60
Ln 2
60
Ln 3
57
Trung bnh
59
T = 2860K
42
42
42
42
p dng cng thc (1)Q10 K53
T 10 = =
K
23T (T+10)T.lgQ10
p dng cng thc (2)Ehh = 0,46.
= 0,46. 53 (273+13).(273+23).lg = 14.118
23
(kcal/mol)
Vy nng lng hot ho ca qu trnh co bp tim ch tch ri l:
14.118 (kcal/mol).
BI 3:XC NH BN T BO HNG CU
I.Yu cu:
Phn bit cc loi mi trng ngoi
Phn ng ca t bo hng cu vi cc loi mi trng trn
Xc nh thnh phn no ca t bo hng cu lm cho n thay i hnh
dng
Xc nh c nng bn bng cch no
II.L thuyt
Cu trc mng t bo hng cu ging cc loi mng sinh cht khc gm 3
lp kp. Ngoi ra b mt bn trong ca mng t bo hng cu c tn ti mng
li spectrin c ngun gc l cc protein dng si c trng lng l 200.000
220.000 daltol
Nh c mng li ny m t bo hng cu c th thay i hnh dng (co
trn hay dui di) gip chng i qua cc mao mch nh.
i vi t bo hng cu gi hoc nhng t bo hng cu b thoi ha chc
nng th kh nng co b suy gim v vy chng lt qua cc mao mch kim sot
ri b tiu hy lch.
S thay i ca cc loi t bo hng cu ph thuc vo mi trng ngoi.
C 3 loi mi trng ngoi:
u trng: T bo hng cu b teo li
ng trng: T bo hng cu bn vng
Nhc trng: T bo hng cu trng ln ti mt nng no th
mng t bo khng cn kh nng gi vng b v v gii phng cht ni
bo gi l hin
tng huyt tiu
Nhim v thc hnh: Xc nh nng nhc trng ln nht bng bao
nhiu cha gy ra hin tng huyt tiu th nng chnh l nng bn.
III.Ha cht v dng c
ng nghim, pipette, my ly tm
Dung dch NaCl 1%, nc ct, mu chng ng
IV. Cch tin hnh
nhng cha v.
Nng nhc trng ln nht cha gy ra hin tng huyt tiu l 0,6%
Cc ng 7,8 hng cu khng b v ra lng xung y dung dch trong sut dn
ng 9: dung dch thu c trong sut, lng nc i ra v i vo t bo l nh
nhau, do c s cn bng nng NaCl trong v ngoi mng t bo. Dung dch
thu c trong ng 9 l dung dch ng trng.
vi oxi s b cun trn li, khi nh oxi ra, n li dui thng. Chui -polypeptit khi kt
hp cng nh khi khng kt hp, hnh dng khng thay i.
Oxyhemoglobin c 4 dng khc nhau:
Hb4O2 Hb4O4
Hb4O6 Hb4O8
Ch c dng 4(Hb4O8) l d dng kt hp v gii phng oxi (dng bo ha oxi)
Dn xut ca n : metHemoglobin (metHb). Khi Fe++ bin i thnh Fe3+ th
Hb chuyn thnh metHb: ch c kh nng kt hp m khng c kh nng gii phng
oxi .v vy khi trong mu c mt lng ln MetHb th qu trnh cung cp Oxi cho cc
t bo v m b suy gim gy nn hin tng thiu Oxi.
III. Dng c :
1 my ly tm, ng nghim
Ha cht : K3[Fe(CN)6]:kaliferixyanua; Na2S2O3:Detionitnatri; dung dch sinh
l PBS vi pH=7,2; mu chng ng.
IVCch tin hnh v kt qu:
- Thu nhn HbO2 : ly mu chng ng cho vo my ly tm, ly tm tc
1500vng/pht trong 5 pht loi b huyt tng thu nhn c hng cu (hng
cu lng xung, huyt tng mu vng nht ni ln).
Ly ra loi b huyt tng. Ra t bo hng cu bng
dung dch PBS 3 ln bng cch em li tm 1500 vng/pht trong thi gian 5 pht. Lm
huyt tiu hng cu (cho nc ct vo lc nh). Sau ly tm vi tc 3000
vng/pht trong 5 pht nhm loi b mng t bo hng cu. Thu c dch mu
ti : HbO2.
-Thu nhn metHb : ly khong 3ml HbO 2, sau thm vo mt vi git
K3[Fe(CN)6] lc nh, thu c dung dch mu nu sm. chnh l metHb.
-Thu nhn hemoglobin: ly dung dch oxyhemoglobin, th 1-2 git Na 2S2O3
vo, thu c dung dch mu xanh thm, chnh l Hb.
Na2S2O3 + HbO2 Hb + Na2S2O5