1C

4A

19R

22C

5N

2O

18E

11A

10c

7M

8A

12R

17C

3I

9D

6A

20T

14G

16T

13R

25E

27N

21D

29D

30O

15G

26R

34N

24U

31I

32O

28N

16G

36M

35M

33 S

HORIZONTAL
1. Carcinogen. A chemical that can cause cancer.
3. Inducers. Molecules that cause an increase in a protein
activity when added to cells.
6.Adenosine. A purine nucleoside found in DNA, RNA, and
many cofactors.
7. Mapping The creation of an outline of locations of genetic
markers (genes or other polynucleotide sequences) within the
structures of the chromosomes. The methodology determines
the resolution of the map.
10. CAMP. 3',5' cyclic adenosine monophosphate. The cAMP
molecule plays a key role in metabolic regulation
11. ADN. In spanish, A polydeoxyribonucleotide in which the
sugar is deoxyribose.
13.Repressor. A regulatory protein that inhibits transcription
from one or more genes. It can combine with an inducer
(resulting in specific enzyme induction) or with an operator
element (resulting in repression).
14.GLUCOSE: is a chemical classifier, denoting
acarbohydrate. It is also known asgrape sugar. With
6carbonatoms, it is classed as a hexose, a sub-category
ofmonosaccharides.D-glucose is one of the
16aldohexosestereoisomers.
15.Guanosine. A purine nucleoside found in DNA and RNA.
17.CILIUM A short extension of the plasma membrane with an
axoneme core that functions in cell mobility or movement of
extracellular substances across the cell surface.
23. ELUTION In chromatography, the washing out of an
adsorbed material from a solid support, especially by
conditions that assist displacement, e.g. salt concentration,
altered pH.
25. ELIZA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
26. Ras-gene An oncogene of the murine sarcoma virus.
27. Nucleus A membrane-limited structure of eukaryotic cells
that contains chromatin and is the site of DNA and RNA
synthesis.
29. DESOXO A prefix that signifies a product of the
replacement of an aldehyde or ketone carbonyl oxygen with
two hydrogen atoms.
30. OLIGO A prefix that indicates a moderate degree of
polymerization
34.NECROSISDeathofcellsthroughinjuryordisease,especiallyina
localizedareaofatissueororgan.

se cancer.
rease in a protein
in DNA, RNA, and

locations of genetic
equences) within the
hodology determines

hosphate. The cAMP

gulation
cleotide in which the

inhibits transcription
with an inducer
r with an operator

noting
sugar. With
, a sub-category
the

d in DNA and RNA.

ma membrane with an
ity or movement of
urface.
ashing out of an
specially by
salt concentration,

t assay
e sarcoma virus.
ure of eukaryotic cells
DNA and RNA

oduct of the
rbonyl oxygen with

erate degree of

rdisease,especiallyina

VERTICAL
2. Dimer. Structure resulting from the association of
two subunits.
4.Adenine. A purine base found in DNA or RNA.
5.Nascent RNA. The initial transcripts of RNA,
before any modification or processing.
7,Messenger RNA (mRNA). The template RNA
carrying the message for protein synthesis.
8.Acetal. The product formed by the successive
condensation of two alcohols with a single aldehyde.
It contains two ether-linked oxygens attached to a
central carbon atom.
9.Dalton. A unit of mass equivalent to the mass of a
hydrogen atom (1.66 x 10-24g)
11.Adipocyte. A specialized cell that functions as a
storage depot for lipid.
12.Renaturation. The process of returning a
denatured structure to its original native structure,
as when two single strands of DNA are reunited to
form a regular duplex, or an unfolded polypeptide
chain is returned to its normal folded threedimensional structure.
13. Rescue A strategy in chemotherapy in which
lethal doses of an antifolate are given to block
nucleotide biosynthesis in rapidly proliferating cells,
followed by treatment with 5-formyltetrahydrofolate
or thymidine to 'rescue' normal cells
16.Gluconeogenesis. The production of sugars
from nonsugar precursors such as lactate or amino
acids. Applies more specifically to the production of
free glucose by vertebrate livers.
17. Chromosome. A thread-like structure, visible in
the cell nucleus during metaphase, that carries the
hereditary information.
18.Epimers. Two stereoisomers with more than one
chiral center that differ in configuration at one of
their chiral centers.
19. RNA. A polynucleotide in which the sugar is
ribose.
20. Trans a type of unsaturated fats that are
uncommon in nature but became commonly
produced industrially from vegetable fats
21. DUPLEX (Upside-down) Same as double helix
22. CAP The 7-methylguanosine nucleoside
attached to the 5'-end of mRNA by a 5'-5'triphosphate bond.
24. UNIPORT A transport mechanism that drives a
single compound or ion across a membrane, not
coupled with transport of any other compound or
ion.
25. ENDOR electron nuclear double resonance
28 NOMOGRAM The presentation of three parallel
linear or non-linear scales of related values aligned
so that a straight line between desired points on two
of the scales also crosses the third scale at the
corresponding value

single compound or ion across a membrane, not

coupled with transport of any other compound or
ion.
25. ENDOR electron nuclear double resonance
28 NOMOGRAM The presentation of three parallel
linear or non-linear scales of related values aligned
so that a straight line between desired points on two
of the scales also crosses the third scale at the
corresponding value
31. INITIATOR TRNA The tRNA that recognizes the
AUG start codon. In prokaryotes it can be charged to
bear a formylmethionine residue (methionine in
eukaryotes) which will become the N-terminus of the
new protein.
32. OVUM A female gamete, which can be fertilized
by a spermatozoon.
33. SPINE In the microanatomy of neurons, a
projection from an axon which is the site of a
synapse
35. MALDI-MS Matrix-assisted laser
desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
36. MELANOCYTE An epithelial cell that contains
melanin pigment granules,melanosomes.