The hydrosphere

Unit 3

Audio scripts:
Unit 3, activity 7, page 21. Listen and complete the text.
Track
a) A runoff is water that moves from high areas to low areas in streams and rivers, towards the sea.
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b) Decondensation is when water changes from gas to liquid.
c) Precipitation is the return of water in solid or liquid state to the Earths surface.
d) Water can be filtered into the ground through pores or cracks.
e) Transpiration is the release of water vapour during the process of photosynthesis and living
things breathing.
f) A solvent is a substance able to dissolve other substances.
g) Sweating is the release of liquids through the skin in reaction to heat or exercise.
h) A drought is a long period with little or no rain.
i) After heavy rains in a dry area, flooding can occur.

Unit 3, activity 10, page 21. Listen and choose the correct word in each case.
Track a) The sweating mechanism helps to regulate temperature in human beings.
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b) Ice floats in liquid water.
c) Capillarity is a property of water that helps it to go up against gravity.
d) Many organisms use water as the substance with which they eject their waste. This liquid is
called urine.
e) Water provides hydrogen for the photosynthetic process in plants and algae. The oxygen that remains
is released into the atmosphere.

Unit 3, extra activity 6. Listen and fill in the gaps.

Track The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water from the Earths surface to the
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atmosphere as water vapour, and its return in solid or liquid state. Water changes state as it moves
from one place to another. The movement towards the atmosphere is due to solar energy. The
movement towards the Earths surface is due to gravity.

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Unit 3, exam activity 2. Listen and complete the text.

Track The hydrosphere is the liquid layer of the Earth. Its the combination of all water masses in solid
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state (icebergs, glaciers, ice, hail and frost), liquid (oceans, seas, rivers, lakes, rain, dew and
groundwater) and gas (water vapour in the atmosphere).
Water has physical and chemical properties:
a) Physical:
Its colourless, odourless and tasteless.
It freezes at 0C and boils at 100C.
Its density is 1 kg/L at 4C, and 0.9 kg/L
at 0C.
Its molecules are tightly bonded.
Its necessary to add a lot of heat to increase
its temperature.
Its a good solvent.

b) Chemical: depending on the combination of

water with other molecules.
It reacts with a wide variety of molecules.
It binds easily to salts.

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