Professional Documents
Culture Documents
COURT OF APPEALS
MANILA
REPUBLIC
OF
THE
PHILIPPINES,
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND
HIGHWAYS,
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
AND COMMUNICATIONS
and TOLL REGULATIRY BOARD,
Respondents-Appellees.
x---------------------------------------------------x
APPELLANTS BRIEF
On 04 June 2013, the letter dated 23 May 2013 from the Honorable Court of
Appeals was received through Registered Mail, wherein Plaintiff Appellants were
given forty five (45) days within which to file this Appellants Brief.
And to be able to assist the Honorable Appellate Court in saving their precious
time in judiciously resolving the issues involved, Plaintiff Appellant state the following
facts:
Page 2
STATEMENT OF FACTS
-IPlaintiff Appellant is the owner of the lot identified as Lot 5 Blk. 1 Phase 1,
AFP Officers Village (AFPOVAI) Taguig, Metro Manila, consisting of 400 sq. m.
(Complaint, 11 September 2006, par. 3).
Defendant Appellees Republic of the Philippines, then through Defendant
Department of Public Works and Highways, (DPWH for brevity), and the Defendant Toll
Regulatory Board, (TRB for brevity), the latter now an attached agency of the Defendant
Department of Transportation and Communication, (DOTC for brevity), have embarked
on the construction of the Metro Manila Skyway Project. And to carry out the
aforementioned construction, Defendants acquired Two Hundred Twenty Three (223) sq.
m. of the parcel of land owned by Plaintiff - Appellant. (Ibid., par. 4)
Page 3
-IIBy reason thereof, the Municipal Committee (Taguig, Metro Manila), created
under Executive Order No. 329, as amended by Executive Order No. 368 and 369 under
Resolution No. 97.1 dated 11 September 1997 fixed the fair market value of the Plaintiff Appellants property at Php. 55,000.00 per square meter or a total value of Php.
12,265,000.00 for the affected area of Two Hundred Twenty Three (223) sq. m. (Ibid.,
par. 5).
Thereafter the Two Hundred Twenty Three (223) sq. m. of the Plaintiff
-Appellants lot/parcel of land has been acquired or appropriated and have been selected
by Defendant -Appellees to form part, as it now formed part, of the Metro Manila
Skyway Project/Metro Manila Skyway as, in fact, has been and continuously in use by
Defendant - Appellees. (Ibid., par. 6)
-IIIAnd because the said affected parcel of land owned by Plaintiff - Appellant has
been appropriated by Defendant Appellees for the Metro Manila Sky Way Project, on
14 August 1997, the amount of One Million Four Hundred Eighty Thousand Pesos, (Php.
1,480,000.00) has been paid by the Defendant - Appellees to the Plaintiff - Appellant, as
partial payment.
Thus leaving an outstanding balance/obligation in the amount of Ten Million
Seven Hundred Eighty Five Thousand Pesos (Php. 10,785,000.00) out of the total Twelve
Million Two Hundred Sixty Five Thousand Pesos (Php. 12,265,000.00) in accordance to
the amount fixed by the Defendant - Appellees themselves, through their Resolution No.
97.1 dated 11 September 1997 fixing the fair market value of the affected lots at Fifty
Five Thousand Pesos, (Php. 55,000.00) per square meter.
-III-
Page 4
Since 14 August 1997, or decade and a half therefrom, Plaintiff - Appellant had
consistently on numerous occasions demanded upon Defendant - Appellees to pay their
remaining balance/obligation in the total sum of Ten Million Seven Hundred Eighty Five
Thousand Pesos, (Php. 10,785,000.00), but the latter with evident bad faith religiously
failed and refused to pay the same to the great damage and prejudice of Plaintiff Appellant.
By reason of the bad faith on the part of the Defendant - Appellee in dealing with
Plaintiff - Appellant, the latter was compelled to seek judicial recourse in enforcing his
right, hence this action.
-IVAt the Pre-Trial Conference held on 13 February 2012, Plaintiff Appellant and
Defendant Appellees opted not to present testimonial evidence and instead agreed to
formally offer their documentary evidence and thereafter, submit their respective
Memoranda. The said Pre-trial Conference was also terminated on the said date.
-VAfter the Memorandum for the Plaintiff Appellant was filed and a rigodon of
Motion to for Extension of Time to File Memorandum for the Defendant Appellees
were filed and subsequently denied, the Memorandum for Defendant Appellees was
filed and then noted by the Trial Court. Thereafter, the case was submitted for Decision.
-VIOn 28 November 2012, the Trial Court rendered a Decision, the dispositive
portion of which is herein cited as follows:
WHEREFORE, premises considered judgment is hereby
rendered dismissing plaintiffs complaint for lack of merit and
insufficiency of evidence.
Defendants counterclaims are likewise denied and dismissed for
insufficiency of evidence.
Page 5
No pronouncement as to costs.
SO ORDERED.
Pasig City, November 28, 2012.
(Sgd.)
ROWENA DE JUAN QUINAGORAN
Presiding Judge
-VIIAfter a timely Motion for Reconsideration was filed by Plaintiff Appellant was
filed the same was denied by the Trial Court, Hence this Present Appeal.
Nature/Document
-Special Power of Attorney dated 04 March 1997.
A-1
Purpose
his
Representative/ Attorney-In-Fact.
2) B
B-1
Purpose
the
Page 6
for taxation
C-1 to C-3
Purpose
-To show and prove that the subject Lot/ Property was
appraised by the Municipal Appraisal Committee
(Taguig) (Created under Executive Order
No. 329 as
the
Metro
Manila
Fair
Authority, which
C).
Page 7
Project and
1 (Exhibit C).
4) D
D-1
Purpose
-To show and prove that Representative/ Attorney-infact Dionisio P. Pilot requested for a Certification
from
Tax.
5) E
Purpose
the claim
E-1 to E-3
-Attachments thereof.
Purpose
5,
6) F
Purpose
Page 8
conference
Transportation and
with
the
Department
Communication
for
of
the
Plaintiff,
Purpose
Ermita-Buhain,
settlement
of
their
Purpose
claims
against Defendants.
H-1 to H-2
-Attachments thereof.
Purpose
Budget
against
Page 9
Purpose
admitted/
acknowledged
obligation to Plaintiff, as
Defendants
one of the owners of
the
Metro
Purpose
Ermita-Buhain,
settlement
of
their
R.
Purpose
Department
Highways, for the settlement/
balance of Php. 10,785,000.00 on the
lot/property affected by the Metro Manila
Skyway Project.
of
Public
Works
and
payment of the
subject
Page 10
10)J
of the
Philippines,
Secretary R. B.
through
Zamora,
Executive
for
the
for
Purpose
Philippines,
President
of
the
Republic
of
the
Project .
J-2
Purpose
2000, (Exhibit J) to
of the claims of Plaintiff and
owners affected by the Metro Manila Skyway
Project.
lot
Page 11
11) K
Purpose
the
affected by the
Project.
12)L
L-1
-Page 2 thereof.
Purpose
letter
to
Secretary
Chairman of
Simeon
TRB,
A.
Datumanong,
admitting
their
property
includes
AFPOVAI properties.
13)M
the
balances
for
the
Page 12
Purpose
President
action taken by
Just
14)N
Purpose
to
had
constantly
requested
for
the
specific appropriation
balance from
annual
Purpose
-To show and prove that the Subject lot has been
declared for Taxation Purposes as per the Notice of
Page 13
O-1
O-2
O-3
-Receipt Payment
O-4
Purpose
-To show and prove that Plaintiff has paying, and thus
paid, the corresponding Real Property Taxes over
the
Metro Manila.
16)P
P-1
-Page 2 thereof.
Purpose
AMNILA
release of
Compensation of the
P-3
-Page 2 thereof.
Skyway
Page 14
Purpose
dated 07
Ramon V.
Dumaual,
TRB,
advanced
stating
the
the
total
ROW
the
17)Q
Q-1 to Q-17
Purpose
18)R
Purpose
Taguig,
Metro
Manila,
as
per
the
is Registered in the
name of Plaintiff.
R-1
Purpose
Taguig,
Metro
Manila,
as
per
the
Page 15
is Registered in the
name of Plaintiff.
19)S
S-1
Purpose
-To show and prove that the Plaintiff has paying, and
thus have paid, the corresponding Real Property
Taxes over the subject property and was
issued
S-2
S-3
Purpose
-To show and prove that the Plaintiff has paying, and
thus have paid, the corresponding Real Property
Taxes over the subject property and was
issued
20)T
T-1
-Attachment thereof.
Purpose
letter
AFPOVAI,
of certain documents to
of Just Compensation on the
affected by the Metro Manila Skyway
Project.
T-2
Page 16
Purpose
letter
Metro
the Facilitation of
the
appraisal
of
the
Manila
U-1
Purpose
construction of the
Metro
Manila
Skyway
Project.
22)V
Purpose
letter
Dionisio Pilot
for
documents.
23)W
-Appraisal Report.
the
submission
of
certain
Page 17
Purpose
24)X
Purpose
October
Atty. Mariano E.
on behalf of
of the
Philippines,
Secretary Ronaldo B.
through
Executive
on
the
subject
Manila
Skyway Project..
26)Z
Purpose
-Resolution No 97-89.
-To show and prove that Defendant Toll Regulatory
Board, through Chairman Gregorio R. Vigilar,
admitted their obligation to Plaintiff, as in
fact,
Plaintiff the amount
Page 18
27)AA
Purpose
Committee,
Chairman,
Appraisal
Manager Paulino G.
55,000.00 per
square meter.
28)BB
Purpose
-Subdivision Plan.
-To show and prove that a subdivision plan has been
prepared for the subject lot.
29)CC
Purpose
30) DD
DD-1
Purpose
DD-2
Purpose
Page 19
.Php. 480,000.00.
31)EE
-Technical Description.
EE-1
Purpose
32) FF
Purpose
for
documents
submission
for
certain
FF-1
Purpose
Bureau,
for certain
documents
regarding
the
subject lot.
33)GG
GG-1
Purpose
34)HH
HH-1
Page 20
HH-2
Purpose
35)II
5,
36)JJ
JJ-1
JJ-2
JJ-3
JJ-4
Purpose
37)KK
Purpose
-To show and prove that Plaintiff has paid the Real
Property Taxes on the subject lot/property.
38)LL
Page 21
LL-5
LL-6
LL-7
Purpose
the
Act No.141.
39)MM
MM-1
MM-3
Purpose
according to
Act
No.
Defendants,
141,
cannot
property.
Page 22
The Honorable Trial Court committed a grave reversible error in ruling that
Commonwealth Act No. 141 is applicable on the subject parcel of land.
-IIThe Honorable Trial Court committed a grave reversible error in ruling that Plaintiff
Appellant is not entitled to the payment of the balance of Just Compensation in the
amount of Php 10,785,000.00 with legal interest commencing 14 August 1997 until fully
paid;
ARGUMENTS/DISCUSSIONS
-ITHE SUBJECT LOT/PROPERTY ACQUIRED BY DEFENDANT IS NOT
SUBJECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE PUBLIC LAND ACT WITH
RESPECT TO INCUMBRANCES.
railroads,
irrigation
ditches,
aqueducts,
Page 23
Page 24
Page 25
While Republic Act No. 730, (took effect on June 18, 1952), entitled, AN
ACT TO PERMIT THE SALE WITHOUT PUBLIC AUCTION OF PUBLIC LANDS
OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES FOR RESIDENTIAL PURPOSES TO
QUALIFIED APPLICANTS UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS
Furthermore, section 2 of Republic Act No. 730 provides:
Section 2.
Thirty
is
hereby
amended
to
read
as
follows:
Page 26
Page 27
essence or reason of the amending law which the Trial Court brilliantly considered in
particular when it stated:
Why would the law cover only sale without public auction? The
Court realized that it covers only those sold without public auction
because they involve pieces of land not exceeding 1000 square meters and
if these smaller pieces of lands will be subject to 60-meter in width
encumbrance pursuant to section 112 of CA 141, then the purchaser may
not be able to enjoy effective utilization of these pieces of land.
Whereas those covered by public sale presumably more than
1,000 square meters in area or those purchases not possessing the
qualifications as enumerated to the encumbrance, the awardee can still
enjoy effective utilization of these pieces of land. ,(p.10 Decision, 28
November 2012) Emphasis Ours,
In as much as Plaintiff - Appellant humbly express his dissent to the Decision
of the Trial Court, refuge is taken therefrom in reasoning that lands acquired under
Republic Act No. 730, as amended by Presidential Decree No. 2004 are only less than
1,000 square meters, including the subject land herein owned by Plaintiff Appellant
which is way smaller than the half of 1,000, which is only 400 square meters.
Now, due to the acquisition by Defendant Appellees of 223 square meters
from the subject parcel of land owned by Plaintiff Appellants, the said subject land
cannot be utilized anymore to its full satisfaction.
And pursuant to the Doctrine Interpretatio fienda est ut res magis valeat
quam pereat laid by the Honorable Supreme Court in the ancient case of Javellana v.
Nunez, (G.R No. L-14881, February 5, 1920), in interpreting the amending law,
Page 28
Presidential Decree No. 2004, in promoting the principles of social justice, it says the
construction is to be made so that the subject may have an effect rather than none.
And since the Defendant Appellees acquired the parcel of land of the
Plaintiff - Appellant for government purpose, is it not but just for the latter to be paid as
just compensation for what has been lost as his personal property.
Page 29
Article 2142. - Certain lawful, voluntary and unilateral acts give rise to
the juridical relation of quasi-contract to the end that no one shall be unjustly enriched
or benefited at the expense of another. (Italics Supplied)
This Constitutional Mandate and Principle of Equity were held supreme by the
Honorable High Tribunal on the catena of decided cases:
In Republic v. Lim, (G.R. No. 161656, June 29, 2005), the High Court, speaking
through the mind of Justice Sandoval-Guttierrez, citing the case of Coscuella vs. Court of
Appeals, (164 SCRA 393),said:
One of the basic principles enshrined in our Constitution is
that no
Page 30
Furthermore, as early as 1919, the Supreme Court held in the case of Visayan
Refining Co. v. Camus and Paredes, (40 Phil 550) that:
If the laws which we have exhibited or cited in the preceding
discussion are attentively examined it will be apparent that the
method of expropriation adopted in this jurisdiction is such as to
afford absolute reassurance that no piece of land can be finally
and irrevocably taken from an unwilling owner until compensation
is paid. (Italics Ours)
At par with the foregoing is the case of Heirs of Saguitan v. City of
Mandaluyong, (G.R. No. 135087, March 14, 2000), wherein the Supreme Tribunal held:
Thus, the right of eminent domain appertains to every
independent government without the necessity for constitutional
recognition. The provisions found in modern constitutions of
civilized countries relating to the taking of property for the public
use do not by implication grant the power to the government, but
limit a power which would otherwise be without limit. Thus, our
own Constitution provides that private property shall not be
taken for public use without just compensation. Furthermore, the
due process and equal protection clauses act as additional
safeguards against the arbitrary exercise of this governmental
power. (Emphasis Ours)
And also in the case of Republic of the Philippines v. Salem Investments
Corporation, (G.R. No. 137569, June 23, 2000), the High Tribunal said:
It is only upon payment of just compensation that title over the
property passes to the government
Page 31
And lastly, the present case is somewhat similar with the recent case of
Republic v. Ismael Andaya, (G.R. No. 160656, June 15, 2007), the Honorable Supreme
Court, with Justice Quisumbing speaking, held:
It is undisputed that there is a legal easement of right-of-way in
favor of the Republic. Andayas transfer certificates of title
contained the reservation that the lands covered thereby are subject
to the provisions of the Land Registration Act and the Public Land
Act. Section 112 of the Public Land Act provides that lands
granted by patent shall be subject to a right-of-way not exceeding
60 meters in width for public highways, irrigation ditches,
aqueducts, and other similar works of the government or any
public enterprise, free of charge, except only for the value of the
improvements existing thereon that may be affected. In view of
this, the Court of Appeals declared that all the Republic needs to
do is to enforce such right without having to initiate expropriation
proceedings and without having to pay any just compensation.
Hence, the Republic may appropriate the 701 square meters
necessary for the construction of the floodwalls without paying for
it.
We are, however, unable to sustain the Republics argument
that it is not liable to pay consequential damages if in enforcing
the legal easement on Andayas property, the remaining area
would be rendered unusable and uninhabitable. Taking, in the
exercise of the power of eminent domain, occurs not only when
the government actually deprives or dispossesses the property
owner of his property or of its ordinary use, but also when there
is a practical destruction or material impairment of the value of
his property.
Page 32
xxx
For this reason, in our view, Andaya is entitled to payment of just
compensation, which must be neither more nor less than the
monetary equivalent of the land. (Emphasis Ours)
The total area of the lot/property owned by Plaintiff is 400 sqm. and by
reason of the Metro Manila Skyway Project of the Government, 223 sqm. of which was
utilized for the said purpose and was acquired by Defendant. Thus such affected area
must, and should, be paid the appropriate Just Compensation as the foregoing thus
dictate.
And pursuant to the acquisition of the subject lot/property for the government
project, the Municipal Appraisal Committee (Taguig Metro Manila) created under
Executive Order No. 329, as amended by Executive Order No. 368 and 369 under
Resolution No. 97-1 dated 11 September 1997 fixed the fair market value of the subject
lot/property owned by Plaintiff at Php 55,000.00 per square meter or a total of Php. 12,
265,000.00 for 223 sqm., the area affected by the Metro Manila Skyway Project.
Thus, Defendants act of making the partial/advance payment to Plaintiff the
amount of Php 1,480,000.00, for the Just Compensation of the affected lot/property by
the Skyway Project, resulted for the unpaid balance of Php. 10,785,000.00.
And now, unbelievably, Defendants claims that the partial/advance payment
made by them in the amount of Php. 1,480,000.00 is illegal.
This claim is totally unwarranted, by the reason that Defendants themselves
had effected payment therefor, and in fact, said payment was made for the Just
Compensation. It is very incredible for a reasonable mind to adhere such conclusion that
after being a party to a contractual obligation, one party asserts illegality just to abscond
liability thereto.
Page 33
Assuming, for the sake of argument, that the partial/advance payment made
by Defendants to Plaintiff was obtained illegal, Defendants should also faulted to such
act, as they themselves are in pari delicto, being the very same person who made such
payment and insinuated Plaintiff by fraudulent machinations of promises of being paid of
the appraised amount over the subject acquired lot/property lawfully belonging to
Plaintiff. Such they cannot heed the aid of this Honorable Court for alleged illegal acts
wherein they commenced in the first place.
Equity cannot just allow Defendants not to pay the balance of the Just
Compensation appraised by them to the Plaintiff especially when they are already
utilizing the use of the said lot/property in their own benefit, and as in fact already
collecting toll fees over the project since the opening thereof to the public. As if in case
that the balance for the Just Compensation for the subject lot/property would not be paid
to Plaintiff, the Just Compensation over the subject lot/property will remain, up to
present, unpaid. In jurisdictions similar to ours, where an entry to the expropriated
property precedes the payment of compensation, it has been held that if the compensation
is not paid in a reasonable time, the party may be treated as a trespasser ab initio
(Republic v. Lim, supra)
Further, it is noteworthy that the subject lot/property of Plaintiff is already
classified as one Private Property by virtue of an Order of Award dated 14 December
1987, awarding the same to Plaintiff.
Thus, in the event that the Defendants claim manifest to be true, that the
payment of the balance of the Just Compensation over the subject lot/property belonging
to Plaintiff should not be paid to the latter, it will result in the automatic unjust
enrichment on the part of Defendants at the Plaintiffs prejudice, and will synonymously
produce to the miscarriage of the mandate of the Constitutional Right of Plaintiff that no
private property shall be taken without payment of Just Compensation, which cannot be
Page 34
Page 35
And in fact, Defendants had already been enjoying all the rights of an owner
thereto, specially the jus fruendi thereof, in the nature of the toll fees collected by them in
every single motor vehicle of whatever kind or nature that passes therein. And yet after
the lapse of almost a decade and a half, notwithstanding such benefits derived by the
Defendants over the lot/property, which once owned by Plaintiff, the latters hope of
being paid in full by the Defendants of the Just Compensation due to the former, vanished
like dust in the well of the abyss.
The Honorable Supreme Court awarded the payment of legal interests over the
principal of the Just Compensation due to the owners of a private property subject of an
appropriation of the government for public use in the recent case of National Power Corp.
vs. Heirs of Macabangkit, (G.R. No. 165828, August 14, 2011), speaking through Justice
Bersamin, the Court declares:
Conformably with the ruling in Manila International Airport
Authority v. Rodriguez, in which the award of interest was held to
render the grant of back rentals unwarranted, we delete the award
of back rentals and in its place prescribe interest of 12% interest
per annum from November 21, 1997, the date of the filing of the
complaint, until the full liability is paid by NPC. The imposition of
interest of 12% interest per annum follows a long line of
pertinent jurisprudence, whereby the Court has fixed the rate of
interest on just compensation at 12% per annum whenever the
expropriator
has
not
immediately
paid
just
compensation.(Emphasis Ours)
And also recent case of Export Processing Zone v. Jose Pulido, et. Al., (G.R.
No. 188995, August 24, 2011), wherein the Honorable High Court, stressed:
It is undeniable that just compensation was not promptly
made to the Estate of Salud Jimenez for the taking of Lot 1406-B
Page 36
Page 37
Page 38
Pursuant with the evidence submitted before this Honorable Court, the recent
prevailing and controlling doctrines of Our Jurisprudence laid by the Honorable Supreme
Court, the Laws, the well entrenched principles of equity and justice, and the
Constitutional Rights and Guaranties enshrined under the 1987 Constitution of the
Republic of the Philippines, justice dictates therefore, reversible error that the Trial Court
has committed.
Page 39
PRAYER
WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing, it is most respectfully prayed for
of this Most Honorable Court of Appeals that Judgment be rendered in favor of Plaintiff Appellant and against Defendant - Appellees, as follows:
1. ORDERING that the Decision dated 28 November 2012 dismissing
the Complaint of Plaintiff Appellant and the Resolution denying the
Motion for Reconsideration be LIFTED, REVERESED and SET
ASIDE, and;
2. ORDER Defendant - Appellees, jointly and severally, to pay Plaintiff
Appellant the sum of Php. 10,785,000.00 plus legal interest
commencing 14 August 1997 until fully paid; and,
3. ORDER Defendant - Appellees, jointly and severally, to pay Plaintiff Appellant litigation expenses and Attorneys Fees of one percent (1%)
of the amount recovered; and,
4. Costs of this suit.
Plaintiff, further, prays for such other reliefs and remedies that this Most
Honorable Court of Appeals may see fit as just and equitable under the circumstances.
Manila, __ July 2013.
The Law Firm of:
DAVID B. AGONCILLO
Counsel for Plaintiff - Appellant
Mailing Address
Page 40
With my Conformity:
DANILO BARTOLATA
Plaintiff
By:
________________________
__________________________
REBECCA R. PILOT
DIONISIO P. PILOT
Attorney-in-Fact
Attorney-in-Fact
-EXPLANATION(In accordance to Section 11, Rule 13 of the 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure)
Copy of this foregoing Plaintiff Appellants Brief was served upon the
Solicitor General, Counsel for Defendant Appellees, through Registered Mail for lack
of personnel to effect personal service of the same.
DAVID B. AGONCILLO
Copy Furnished:
OFFICE OF THE SOLICITOR GENERAL
Counsel for the Defendants
No. 134 Amorsolo Street,
Legaspi Village, Makati City
VERIFICATION
Page 41
2)
3
)
have read the allegations therein contained and the allegations
are based on my personal knowledge and/or based on authentic records and are
true and correct.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto signed below this
day of July 2012 at Manila.
________________________
REBECCA R. PILOT
__________________________
DIONISIO P. PILOT
Affiant
Affiant
day of July
2013 at Manila.
NOTARY PUBLIC
Doc. No.
Page No.
Book No.
Series of 2013.
Page 42
On
Dated ______ July 2012 by depositing/mailing copies of the same at the Manila
Central Post Office as evidenced by the Registry Receipts, respectively, hereto
attached and with instructions to the postmaster to return the mail to the sender
after ten (10) days if undelivered.
Copy of this Affidavit of Service is attached to the Brief For PlaintiffAppellant.
Manila. ____ July 2012.
Affiant
SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN to before me this
Manila.
Doc. No.
;
Page No.
;
Book No.
;
Series of 2013.