M hnh trin khai IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni v

gii php nhm nng cao cht lng dch v

VNPTs IPTV Implementation in Hanoi and Solutions to Improve Service Quality
NXB H. : HCN, 2012 S trang 110 tr. +

Li Long Hi
Trng i hc Cng ngh
Lun vn ThS ngnh: K thut in t; M s: 60 52 70
Cn b hng dn khoa hc: TS. Ng Thi Tr
Nm bo v: 2012
Abstract. Lun vn gii thiu tng quan v Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) nh cc khi
nim lin quan, truyn ti ni dung IPTV v cc m hnh trin khai IPTV. Nghin cu hin trng
c s h tng ca VNPT v trin khai dch v IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni. a ra gii php nhm
nng cao cht lng dch v IPTV ti H Ni.
Keywords: K thut in t; Truyn hnh bng rng; Truyn hnh giao thc; Vin thng; Mng
truyn thng
Content.
I. LI NI U
p ng nhu cu trao i thng tin ca x hi, ngoi truyn hnh v tinh, truyn hnh cp s
th truyn hnh theo phng thc IP (IPTV) ngy cng c pht trin mnh m trn ton th gii. Vi
s hu thun ca vin thng, IPTV d dng cung cp nhiu hot ng tng tc hn, cung cp s cnh
tranh mnh m hn cho cc doanh nghip kinh doanhdch v truyn hnh. IPTV c c hi ln pht
trin nhanh chng khi m mng bng rng c mt khp mi ni. Da trn nn tng c s h tng
mnh m, VNPT H Ni khng ch trin khai IPTV trn mng bng rng xDSL m cn trin khai IPTV
trn nn FTTx mng n cho khch hng nhng tri nghim thc s th v khi xem truyn hnh.
Nhm mc ch tm hiu v thc trng trin khai IPTV ti VNPT H Ni v t a ra phng n
nng cao cht lng, n c xy dng vi b cc nh sau:
Chng 1: Gii thiu tng quan v IPTV
Chng 2: Trin khai dch v IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni
Chng 3: Gii php nhm nng cao cht lng dch v IPTV.
Kt Lun

Do ni dung kin thc ca ti cn mi, kh nng cn hn ch nn quyn n ny chc chn

khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Tc gi rt mong nhn c s ch bo gp ca cc thy c gio v
ng nghip ti c hon thin v c p dng vo thc t mang li hiu qu cao.
II. CHNG 1: GII THIU TNG QUAN V IPTV
GII THIU V IPTV
Khi nim IPTV
ITPV c nh ngha chnh thc nh sau: IPTV l cc dch v a phng tin nh truyn hnh
nh, ting ni, vn bn, d liu c phn phi qua cc mng da trn IP m c qun l cung cp
cc cp cht lng dch v, bo mt, tnh tng tc, tnh tin cy theo yu cu. (theo ITU TFG IPTV).
Cu trc mng IPTV

Hnh 1.1: Cu trc mng IPTV

Cc dch v v ng dng ca IPTV
Cc dch v ca IPTV

Cung cp cc dch v qung b

Cung cp cc dch v theo yu cu

Cung cp cc dch v tng tc.

Cc ng dng ca IPTV
Truyn ti ni dung IPTV
Tng quan v m hnh IPTV (IPTVCD)
M hnh truyn thng trong IPTV c 7 lp v mt lp ty chn c xp chng ln nhau. Cc d
liu video pha thit b gi c truyn t lp cao xung lp thp trong m hnh IPTV, v c truyn
i trong mng bng rng bng cc giao thc ca lp vt l. thit b nhn, d liu nhn c chuyn t
lp thp nht n lp trn cng trong m hnh IPTV.

M hnh IPTV v truyn ti cc ni dung MPEG

Lp m ha video
Lp ng gi video
Lp cu trc dng truyn ti
Lp truyn ti thi gian thc
Lp truyn ti
Lp IP
Lp lin kt d liu
Lp vt l
MT S M HNH TRIN KHAI IPTV
M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng xDSL
M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng bng rng:
M hnh trin khai trn mng FTTx:
Kh nng ca PON
M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng truyn hnh cp
M hnh trin khai trn mng HFC
M hnh trin khai IPTV cp da trn h thng qung b DVB-C:
M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng Wimax
III. CHNG 2: TRIN KHAI DCH V IPTV CA VNPT TI H NI
Hin trng c s h tng ca VNPT
Mng ng trc
Core router
M160

PE/
BRASs

Core router
M160

Core router
M160

PE/
BRASs

PE/
BRASs

Hnh 2.1: Mng ng trc ca VNPT

Mng ng trc ca VNPT c nhim v truyn dn cc lu lng thng tin lin tnh cng nh
thng tin i quc t. H thng mng ng trc gm cc core router, cc PE v BRAS.

Mng gom v mng truy nhp

M hnh u ni IPTV ti VNPT
Mng MAN-E ti VNPT H ni
Trin khai IPTV trn mng cp ng ti VNPT H Ni:
M hnh trin khai:
Internet

BRAS
VNPT
N i

PE
VTN

Switch
Core

PW

MAN E
VNPT
N i

10

Ge

VASC IPTV
Head Center

PW

Switch
Core

PW

VFI8

GE/Fo

Switch
Agg

S-VLAN, IPTV VLAN 8,9

Port0: PVC0: VPI/VCI:0/35 PPPoE- S-VLAN Internet
Port0: PVC1: VPI/VCI:2/35 Bridge- S-VLAN 8 map nh

IP DSLAM

Modem ADSL
4port-multi PVC

PVC0 (0/35): PPPoE

PVC1 (2/35): Bridge1483

Cap AV/ HDMI

Ghi ch : ch tri n khai trn

IP DSLAM Huawei MA5600 v
IP DSLAM Alcatel ISAM7302

PC
Access
Internet

STB
(Set Top
Box)
IPTV

Lu ch dng cp DMI khi

ivi h r D v khch h ng
ng k dng gi D (khi
lp STB loi D)

Hnh 2.6: Dch v MyTV cung cp ng thi vi dch v truy nhp Internet MegaVNN trn cp
ng.
o c thc t:
Bng 2.3: Kt qu o kim IPTV trn ng cp ng
Knh

SD

Trng

HD

thi

Broadcast

Trng
thi

Latency

88 ms

Pass

85 ms

Pass

Jitter current

1 ms

Pass

1ms

Pass

Jitter max

4 ms

Pass

7 ms

Pass

V-MOS

4.45

Pass

4.5

Pass

Video Rate

4.156 Mbps

Pass

8.835 Mbps

Pass

Packet lost

0%

Pass

1.05%

Fail

Knh VOD

SD

Trng

HD

Trng

thi
Latency

177 ms

Pass

thi
178 ms

Pass

Jitter current

1 ms

Pass

0 ms

Pass

Jitter max

2 ms

Pass

33 ms

Pass

V-MOS

4.45

Pass

4.5

Pass

Video Rate

3.719 Mbps

Pass

8.636 Mbps

Pass

Packet lost

0%

Pass

0.05%

Fail

nh gi hot ng ca m hnh:
i vi knh HD s dng trn ng ADSL cp ng: th cht lng khng c m bo.
Hn ch ln nht ca vic trin khai IPTV trn mng cp ng l : do suy hao trn ng truyn
ln nn khong cch ti a t Tng i n nh khch hng phi nh hn 2 km v vy hn ch rt
nhiu khch hng mun ng k dch v IPTV ca VNPT H Ni.
Trin khai IPTV trn mng FTTx:
M hnh trin khai:

Hnh 2.8: Dch v MyTV HD cung cp ng thi vi dch v truy nhp Internet FiberVNN trn cp
quang
o c thc t:
Bng 2.5: Kt qu o kim IPTV trn mng FTTx
Knh
VOD

Trng

Trng

SD

thi

HD

thi

Latency

94 ms

Pass

65 ms

Pass

Jitter

1 ms

Pass

1 ms

Pass

current
Jitter max
V-MOS

53 ms

Fail

105 ms

Fail

4.45

Pass

4.5

Pass

3.702

8.463

Video Rate

Mbps

Pass

Mbps

Pass

Packet lost

0%

Pass

0%

Pass

Knh

Trng

Broadcast

Trng

SD

thi

HD

thi

14 ms

Pass

88 ms

Pass

current

1 ms

Pass

1 ms

Pass

Jitter max

7 ms

Pass

2 ms

Pass

4.2

Pass

4.5

Pass

Latency
Jitter

V-MOS

3.291

8.877

Video Rate

Mbps

Pass

Mbps

Pass

Packet lost

0%

Pass

0%

Pass

nh gi hot ng ca m hnh:
L gii php kt ni hon ton bng cp quang t nh cung cp dch v n tn nh khch hng.
u im ln nht ca m hnh trin khai trn mng FTTx so vi internet ADSL FTTH c tc nhanh
hn nhiu ln (khong 200 ln), v c tc ti ln v ti xung nh nhau.
Ngoi ra, FTTx cn c tc truy nhp, bo mt cao, cht lng tn hiu n nh, khng b
nh hng bi cc yu t mi trng. Chiu di cp cng cho php nng cp bng thng d dng khi
c nhu cu.

Trin khai IPTV trn nn GPON:

2.4.1. Kin trc GPON
2.4.2. M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng GPON

Hnh 2.11: M hnh trin khai IPTV trn mng GPON

2.4.3. nh gi hot ng ca m hnh:
Mi khch hng c kt ni ti mng quang thng qua mt b chia quang th ng. Tn hiu
download truyn ti cc h gia nh c m ha trnh vic xem trm. Tn hiu upload c kt
hp bng vic s dng giao thc a truy nhp phn chia theo thi gian s iu khin vic s dng cc
khe thi gian cho vic truyn d liu ng uplink mt cch ti u nht.
u im ca GPON l s dng cc thit b chia quang Splitter khng cn cp ngun in, nn
c gi thnh r v c th t bt k u, khng ph thuc vo cc iu kin mi trng, khng cn
phi cung cp nng lng cho cc thit b gia phng my trung tm v pha ngi dng. u im ny
cng gip gim c chi ph bo dng, vn hnh. y hin l cng ngh s dng bng thng
download v upload tc cao nht c khai thc.
IV. CHNG 3: GII PHP NHM NNG CAO CHT LNG DCH V IPTV
Gii php hn ch tc nghn trn mng truyn ti IPTV
nh gi hot ng ca cc m hnh hin ti:
Ti mi phn vng Sw 7609 Agg, dch v VOD s dng VLAN 8 chung cho khch hng MyTV
trn IP DSLAM v L2 Switch, chy theo m hnh Layer 2 thuc cng mt min Broadcast nn khi xy
ra li mc nhiu thu bao nh hng nh:

Li do DHCP server gi mo (gy cp sai IP trn mt vng Agg).

Li do Broadcast storm gy nghn VLAN 8

Li do Loop mng...

Do vy chia nh min Broadcast s c u im sau :

Gim qui m nh hng s thu bao khi pht sinh cc li nu trn.

p dng cc chnh sch bo mt khc nhau vi mi VLAN chia theo chng loi thit b IPDSLAM, G-PON, L2Switch

Thun li cho vic troubleshoot, khc phc li...

Phng n thc hin tch VLAN VOD

Ti mi Agg cu hnh cc VLAN, Subnet theo quy hoch ti ph lc di:

TT

Cc
Vlan c

Cc
Vai tr

Vlan

Vai tr

mi
VoD cho IP

VoD

DSLAM u vo
Acc 7606

2
3

Multicast
Test

10

GPON

9
10

Multicast
S dng cho dch
v trn GPON.
VoD cho MyTV

VoD

11

cp quang u
vo 6424; 3400
VoD cho IP

VoD

12

DSLAM u vo
7609

Bng 3.1: Quy hoch VLAN mi cho dch v MyTV

Hnh 3.2: M hnh sau khi chia tch VLAN-VOD

Loi thit b IP DSLAM:

Gi nguyn VLAN 8 trn cc DSLAM kt ni n switch 7606.

Thay th VLAN 8 bng VLAN 12 cho cc DSLAM kt ni n Agg 7609.

Thay th VLAN 8 bng VLAN 12 cho cc DSLAM kt ni n switch 4924- Agg 7609.

Loi thit b layer2 Switch (6424 ALU, ME 3400 cisco):

Switch 6424 ALU: thay i t VLAN 8 sang VLAN 11 ti cc switch ALU 6424 thc hin
bin dch trn cng Switch (translate) t VLAN 11 sang VLAN 8 (Khng phi thay i ti
u cui CPE thu bao).

Switch ME3400: i t VLAN 8 sang VLAN 11 (phi thay i ti u cui TB).

Qun l QoS v QoE trong IPTV nng cao cht lng dch v
Cc khi nim nh gi cht lng IPTV
Yu cu cht lng tri nghim QoE cho IPTV

Hnh 3.4: QoS v QoE ca dch v IPTV

Theo khuyn ngh ITU-T G.1080, QoE gm cc yu cu ch yu lp ng dng v dch v:
a. QoE cho video v audio:
b. QoE cho k t v hnh v:
c. Yu cu v chc nng iu khin:
d. Yu cu v cc dch v cng thm v h tr:

Phng php nh gi QoE:

Phng php nh gi QoE ch quan:
Phng php nh gi ch quan s dng mt nhm ngi phn loi v nh gi cht lng
hnh nh. Mi trng v con ngi dng kim tra ch quan khc nhau i vi cc nh cung cp dch
v khc nhau. Cc bc thc hin kim tra ch quan nh sau:

Xc nh mt chui cc lung video thc hin kim tra.

Chn cc tham s cu hnh.

Ci t mi trng kim tra tng ng vi cc tham s cu hnh.

Chn ngi tham gia kim tra.

Thc hin kim tra v phn tch kt qu.

Cc mi trng kim tra thng tun theo h thng nh ngha bi ITU-R BT 500 l MOS
(Mean Opinion Score) vi thang im:
Bng 3.2: im nh gi
MOS: c nh
n 5 tng ng vi cht
sc. MOS c tnh theo
Bng 3.3: Thang im

Mc cm nhn
i vi knh IPTV

lng t km n xut

Tt (Good)

gi tr trung bnh.

Trung bnh (Fair)

(Poor)
Km (Bad)

im

SAMVIQ l cch

gi theo thang im t 1

Xut sc (Excellent)

Tm chp nhn

MOS

MOS

im MOS

Mc cm nhn i vi

SAMVIQ v nh x vi

2
1

Thang im

MOS

80-100

hin nh gi.

Tt (Good)

60-80

Phng php nh

Trung bnh (Fair)

40-60

quan:

Tm chp nhn (Poor)

20-40

MPQM

Km (Bad)

0-20

trnh

Quality Metrics) v

yu

ca

thc m cc on

knh IPTV
Xut sc (Excellent)

video

ch

by cho ngi thc

gi QoE khch

(Moving

Picture

V-factor l 2 m

hnh nh gi QoE ca dch v IPTV. MPQM khng cn n s so snh gia hnh nh gc v hnh
nh nhn c. im c bn ny mang li tnh kh thi v m rng cao cho MPQM trong thc t.
T u vo l xc sut mt gi (Packet Loss Probability), phn tch lng thng tin c hnh
nh truyn ti (entropy analysis), bin thin tr (jitter), xung gc (Program Clock Reference),
loi m ha (MPEG2, H264), MPQM a ra thang im 5 cho cht lng IPTV, Excellent tng

ng thang im 5, Good tng ng thang im 4, Fair tng ng thang im 3, Poor tng ng

thang im 2, Bad tng ng thang im 1.
V-factor cng l mt s trin khai da trn m hnh gc MPQM. Tuy nhin, ngoi vic cho
im nh gi cht lng ca hnh nh, V-factor cn cung cp thm nhng thng tin cn thit cho
vic theo di v phn tch cc nguyn nhn gy ra vn cht lng.
Tiu chun dch v IPTV
Tiu chun ny bao gm cc ch tiu cht lng nh gi ch yu cho cc dch v sau:

Dch v VoD

Dch v Broacast TV (LiveTV)

Dch v truy nhp Internet Best-Effort (BE) (lt web v chi game)

i vi ch tiu cht lng hnh nh, m thanh ni chung s bao gm cc yu cu sau:

Khi hnh nh m thanh c truyn qua mng IP NGN chng ta quan tm ti cc yu t nh
hng do mng IP to ra.
Hnh 3.8 m t qu trnh x l ca mng theo c ch t trn xung. C ch ny lin quan cht
ch ti QoE v QoS. QoE v QoS phi m bo cc tiu ch m DLS forum a ra cho cc dch v
multiplay.

Hnh 3.8: Qu trnh x l QoE/QoS

Hnh 3.10: T l mt gi lin quan ti cht lng QoE ca hnh nh

Ch tiu chung:
-

Jitter <50 ms

Delay <200 ms

Zapping times <2 seconds

xut m hnh qun l QoE v QoS trong IPTV ti VNPT H Ni

Hnh 3.11: S h thng qun l cht lng IPTV

H thng qun l cht lng dch v IPTV thng c thit k nm gia cu trc mng ca
nh cung cp dch v v cu trc mng ca ngi s dng. S b tr h thng qun l c m t
nh hnh trn.
Thut ton ca tin trnh QoE c th biu din hnh di:

Hnh 3.12: Thut ton tin trnh QoE

u tin, h thng o cc tham s QoS t cc phn t trn cu trc mng ng vi mi knh
IPTV. Cc tham s QoS ny c a vo tnh ton QoE tng ng. Vic tnh ton c thc hin
qua vic so snh cc tham s QoS ny vi cc tham s QoS v QoE chun (c c t cc tnh ton nh
trong phn phng php nh gi QoE). Nu cc tham s o c nm trong phm vi cho php, h
thng khng tc ng g. Nu cc gi tr o c vt qu cc gi tr quy nh, h thng thc hin cc
thay i trn mng ci thin cc tham s QoS n gi tr cho php hoc a ra cc thng bo
ngi qun tr c cc bin php khc phc cc s c lm nh hng n cht lng dch v.

Hnh 3.13: M hnh trin khai Qun l QoE v QoS trong thc t
nh gi hot ng ca m hnh:

H thng qun l cht lng dch v IPTV c thit k nm gia cu trc mng truyn ti
v vic qun l QoS ti tt c cc v tr trn ton mng gip nh qun l d dng xc nh v
tr cn tc ng nng cao cht lng dch v, rt ngn thi gian sa cha.

Vic qun l cht QoE nh trong m hnh trn hng n tiu ch c th d on trc vic
suy gim cht lng dch v pha khch hng c bin php khc phc kp thi nhm mang
li s hi lng v cht lng dch v t khch hng.

Cc bin php m bo QoS cho IPTV

m bo QoS cho IPTV cn phi da vo cc yu cu cht lng ca dch v ny. Nh
ni trn, i vi IPTV trong thi im hin ti, cht lng IPTV ch yu l cht lng cc dch v
lin quan n video.

Hnh 3.14: Cc thnh phn ca IPTV

Cc bin php m bo QoS IPTV mng ni dung (Head-end)
Vic m bo cht lng video head-end phi xut pht t cht lng video v audio ngun.
S dng cc k thut nn l phng php quan trng c s dng head-end, va m bo
cht lng video, va m bo lu lng lung video/audio khng qu ln.
Cc bin php m bo QoS mng qun l
Middle ware phi cung cp cc tnh nng bo mt, xc nhn, tnh cc, gim st h thng, ng
thi phi cung cp mt EPG y tin ch v thn thin vi ngi dng.
Cc bin php m bo QoS mng gia nh (Home netwok)
Yu t nh hng ln nht n cht lng IPTV trong mng gia nh l STB. Cht lng STB
s quyt nh ci m khch hng c xem.
Cc bin php m bo QoS mng truyn dn

Ci thin hiu nng mng NP (Network Performance)

Cc tham s NP c quan tm bao gm: bng thng, tr, bin ng tr (jitter) v mt gi.

a. Bng thng: IPTV c xem l mt ng dng ngn bng thng.

Cc bin php nhm tng bng thng:
Nng cp ng truyn: y c xem l phng php hiu qu nht nhng cng l phng
php tn km nht.
S dng cc QoS class phn lung u tin lu lng.
Nn frame d liu layer 2: bin php ny c hiu qu tuy nhin lm tng thi gian tr do tnh
phc tp ca cc gii thut nn.
Nn Header, y cng l mt phng php rt hiu qu nht l trong trng hp cc gi tin c t
s d liu/header nh (RTP).
b. Tr u cui n u cui (end-to-end delay):
c. Mt gi (Packet Loss)
d. Bin ng tr (Jitter)
Cc bin php m bo QoS lin quan n x l lu lng
Cc bin php m bo QoS lin quan n x l lu lng l cc bin php c xem l hiu
qu nht v c s dng rng ri nht. i khi, khi nim QoS cn c nh ngha l: Kh nng
phn bit i x vi cc lu lng khch nhau (theo Cisco). Cc bin php ny c gi l cc c ch
QoS.
V. KT LUN.
IPTV c cc chuyn gia nhn nhn l mt cng ngh c kh nng mang ti li nhun rt ln
cho cc nh cung cp vin thng trong mt tng lai gn. IPTV c th thay i phng thc xem cc
chng trnh truyn hnh v l mt cuc cch mng trong vic to ra ni dung. Vi s pht trin ca
cng ngh truy cp bng rng v cc thit b sn xut chng trnh truyn hnh, cc chuyn gia tin
tng rng IPTV thc s c kh nng cnh tranh vi cc chng trnh truyn hnh v tinh, truyn hnh
cp hay cc loi truyn hnh thng thng.
Mc d IPTV vn trong giai on bt u, nhng c s pht trin ca mt s nh cung cp
cng nh s lng thu bao. Hin ti IPTV l mt nhn t quan trng trong th trng truyn hnh thu
ph, v trong tng lai cc nh cung cp IPTV s cho ra cc dch v mi v s thu ht c rt nhiu
khch hng.
Vi ni dung c trnh by trn, lun vn a ra c ci nhn tng qut v cng ngh
IPTV, phng php ng gi d liu video qua tng lp, mt s m hnh trin khai IPTV hin nay. Lun vn
a ra v nh gi m hnh trin khai IPTV ca VNPT ti H Ni v gii php nhm nng cao cht lng
dch v.

Cc ti liu s dng trong kha lun ny ch yu c ly t Internet, VNPT H Ni v c

bit l s hng dn ca thy gio TS. Ng Thi Tr. Kha lun ny cn nhiu thiu st, do em rt
mong nhn c kin ng gp ca cc thy c v cc bn lun vn ny c hon thin hn.

References.
Ting Vit:
1.

Cng ty phn mm v truyn thng VASC (2009), H thng truyn hnh trn mng xDSL ca
VNPT.

2.

Cng ty phn mm v truyn thng VASC (2009), Tnh ton dung lng mng MEN.

3.

Cng ty phn mm v truyn thng VASC (2011), Tiu chun cho dch v Triple Play.

4.

Vin Thng H Ni (2010), Bo co o kim IPTV.

5.

Vin Thng H Ni (2010), Quy nh tm thi cht lng mng IP.

6.

Vin Thng H Ni (2010), nh ngha dch v v phng n cu hnh MYTV trn mng
internet FiberVNN VNPT H Ni.

7.

Vin Thng H Ni (2010), nh ngha dch v v phng n cu hnh MYTV trn mng xDSL
VNPT H Ni.

8.

Vin Thng H Ni (2010), nh ngha dch v cung cp trn h thng GPON VNPT H Ni.

9.

Vin Thng H Ni (2012), Phng n trin khai thm VLAN ID cho dch v MyTV trn IP
DSLAM, L2 Switch v GPON.
Ting Anh:

1. John Williams (2008), IPTV QoS/QoE Quality Model

2. Reza Vaez Ghaemi (2008), IP Video Test in Tranport Networks.
3. Tran Cong Hung, Le Quoc Cuong, Tran Van Dung, Tran Phu Khanh (2010), Prefeasibility Study
for the Development of IPTV Service on the Network Infrastructure of Fixed Network Operators.