Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2 ENG
Rev.00
data: 29.06.2009
S.p.A.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FRP TANKS - USE ABOVE GROUND
INDEX
1. OBJECT ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2
2. RANGE OF TANKS ............................................................................................................................................... 3
3. DESIGN....................................................................................................................................................................... 3
3.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS ..................................................................................................................................... 3
3.2 STABILITY CALCULATION ............................................................................................................................. 4
3.3 FITTINGS.............................................................................................................................................................. 4
3.4 BOTTOMS ............................................................................................................................................................ 6
3.5 SYSTEM TO SUPPORT FRP TANKS ................................................................................................................ 7
3.6 PROPERTY OF LAMINATE ............................................................................................................................. 10
4. RAW MATERIALS .................................................................................................................................................. 11
4.1 RESINS................................................................................................................................................................ 11
4.2 FIBRE GLASS .................................................................................................................................................... 11
4.3 ADDITIVES ........................................................................................................................................................ 12
5. MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.1 PREPARATION OF RESINS ............................................................................................................................. 12
5.2 CONSTRUCTION OF STANDARD CYLINDRICAL LINERS ....................................................................... 12
5.3 CONSTRUCTION OF HEADS / ENDS............................................................................................................. 13
5.4 ASSEMBLY ........................................................................................................................................................ 13
5.5 FILAMENT WINDING ...................................................................................................................................... 14
5.6 MARKING AND INSTALLATION OF FITTINGS .......................................................................................... 14
5.7 FINISHING ......................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.8 POST- CURE....................................................................................................................................................... 15
5.9 GALVANIZING METAL PARTS ..................................................................................................................... 16
5.10 PAINTING OF METAL PARTS ...................................................................................................................... 17
6. CHECKS AND TEST-RUNS ................................................................................................................................... 17
6.1 CLASSIFICATION OF VISIBLE DEFECTS AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA ............................................ 17
6.2 TOLERANCE...................................................................................................................................................... 23
6.3 TEST EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS ..................................................................................................... 26
7. PREPARATION FOR SHIPPPING ...................................................................................................................... 26
8. TECHNICAL AND TEST- RUN DOCUMENTATION .......................................................................................... 27
9. GARANTEES............................................................................................................................................................ 28
9.1
9.2
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1. OBJECT
These specifications define the minimum requisites adopted by SELIP in the design,
manufacturing, inspection, checking, testing and preparation for shipping of atmospheric
tanks in fibre glass (FRP).
SELIP operates in accordance with internal procedures, conforming to the
UNI EN ISO 9001:2008 norm.
Procedure N
TITLE
PRG/4.2.1
PRG/4.2.2
PRG/5.5 7.2
PRG/5.6
PRG/6.2
PRG/7.2
PRG/7.3
PRG/7.4
PRG/7.5.1
PRG/7.5.2
PRG/7.5.3
PRG/7.5.4
PRG/7.6
PRG/8.2
PRG/8.3
PRG/8.5.1
PRG/8.5.2
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2. RANGE OF TANKS
SELIPs standard production consists of (for details see tank data sheet PT01) :
3. DESIGN
Design is according to the European norm EN 13121-3 of 2008 (GRP Tanks and
Vessels for Use Above Ground).
Safety Factor minimum acceptable for design : K=4.
On demand, also other International norm are acceptable :
ASTM ;
API 12P ;
ASME RTP-1 ;
AD Merkblatt N1
Previous European norms (BS 4994, AFNOR, ) have been replaced by EN 13121.
3.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS
Standard parameters adopted for the design :
Design pressure
Design temperature
: 60C.
Wind action
Earthquake action
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Inspection of the deformations, always to be kept lower than the allowable value.
Inspection of the anchorage to the base on the basis of the calculated actions of
earthquake
and
wind.
These
actions
must
never
be
considered
contemporaneously.
3.3 FITTINGS
Nozzles and manhole must be of the integral type, i.e. continuity of the
reinforcing fibres from the flat face to the pipe both in the liner and mechanical
reinforcement, obtainable exclusively via manual lamination over a mould.
GATES AND/OR MANHOLES COMPOSED OF FLANGES ASSEMBLED
SEPARATELY FROM THE TUBE ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE
The drilling is in accordance with the UNI EN 1092-1 European norms. The
flange holes are staggered with respect to the main axes.
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The flanged attachments and the welding to the body of the tank are suitable for
supporting the external loads (forces and moments) reported in the following
table.
FLANGE DIMENSIONS
UNI EN 1092-1
NUMBER
DIAMETER
BOLTS
DIAMETER
FLANGE
DIAMETER
CENTER
NUMBER
DIAMETER
BOLTS
DIAMETER
FLANGE
DIAMETER
CENTER
NUMBER
DIAMETER
BOLTS
DIAMETER
HOLES
CENTER
PN 16
HOLES
FLANGE
DIAMETER
PN 10
mm
PN 6
HOLES
INCHES
DN
1/2"
3/4"
1"
1"1/4
1"1/2
2"
2"1/2
3"
4"
5"
6"
8"
10"
12"
14"
16"
18"
20"
24"
15
20
25
32
40
50
65
80
100
125
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
600
80
90
100
120
130
140
160
190
210
240
265
320
375
440
490
540
595
645
755
55
65
75
90
100
110
130
150
170
200
225
280
335
395
445
495
550
600
705
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
12
12
12
16
16
20
20
11
11
11
14
14
14
14
18
18
18
18
18
18
22
22
22
22
22
26
10
10
10
12
12
12
12
16
16
16
16
16
16
20
20
20
20
20
24
95
105
115
140
150
165
185
200
220
250
285
340
395
445
505
565
615
670
780
65
75
85
100
110
125
145
160
180
210
240
295
350
400
460
515
565
620
725
4
4
4
4
4
4
4/8
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
16
16
20
20
20
14
14
14
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
22
22
22
22
22
26
26
26
30
12
12
12
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
20
20
20
20
20
24
24
24
27
95
105
115
140
150
165
185
200
220
250
285
340
405
460
520
580
640
715
840
65
75
85
100
110
125
145
160
180
210
240
295
355
410
470
525
585
650
770
4
4
4
4
4
4
8
8
8
8
8
12
12
12
16
16
20
20
20
14
14
14
18
18
18
18
18
18
18
22
22
26
26
26
30
30
33
36
12
12
12
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
20
20
24
24
24
27
27
30
33
ADMISSIBLE LOADS
DN
Fx (N)
Fy (N)
Fz (N)
Mx ( Nm)
My ( Nm)
Mz ( Nm)
50
300
300
300
30
30
30
80
600
600
600
60
60
60
100
1000
1000
1000
100
100
100
150
1500
1500
1500
150
150
150
200
2500
2500
2500
250
250
250
250
3000
3000
3000
300
300
300
300
3000
3000
3000
300
300
300
350
3000
3000
3000
300
300
300
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3.4 BOTTOMS
SELIP tanks can be produced according to three bottom profiles:
flat bottom, dished bottom and conical bottom.
The bottoms must be obtained from a mould.
BOTTOMS PRODUCED IN SECTIONS / TAPERED ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE
BOTTOMS JOINED TO THE CYLINDER WITH BEAKER SYSTEM ARE NOT ADMISSIBLE
Flat Bottom: used exclusively for atmospheric tanks (only hydrostatic load).
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Dished Bottom: used either as a the top or bottom of a tank. Used for both
atmospheric and pressure tanks (vessels). The bottom of the tank must be
supported by feet in FRP, a metal frame or a skirt in FRP. The geometry
corresponds to a semi-elliptical head, with a ratio of height H to diameter D > 0.2
; radius R of the cover = 0.8 x D ; radius r of the knuckle = 0.154 x D.
Conical Bottom: typically used in vertical silos and decanters as a tank bottom.
The opening angle of the cone must be at 60 or 90.
FRP legs, hand lay-up lamination manufacturing, for dished bottom heads
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FRP SKIRT
Used prevalently for silos where the presence of ferrous materials prone to rust
needs to be avoided.
FRP saddles for horizontal tanks.. Manufactured hand lay-up on steel moulds.
The arc for contact between saddle and tank is 120. The saddles are arranged
symmetrically with respect to the centre-line of the plating. The distance between
saddles vary from 1,000 to 1,500mm.
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Steel saddles, used for large capacity horizontal tanks. The arc of contact
between saddle and tank ranges from 120 to 180
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Tensile
strenght
N/mm
Module of
elasticity
N/mm
Hand lay
up
Hand lay
up
Hand lay
up
80
7500
130
9500
180
10500
Spray up
80
7500
F.W.
320
22000
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4. RAW MATERIALS
The raw materials used by SELIP come exclusively from European and North American
suppliers.
The suppliers of the raw materials must possess a minimum of 40 years experience in
the production of the component.
SELIP is responsible for the choice of raw materials in order to guarantee the suitability
of the tank to contain the product / fluid contractually defined in relation to the design
conditions.
The raw materials used in the production cycle are essentially :
Resins
Glass fibre
Additives
4.1 RESINS
Chemically-resistant resins must not contain charges or pigments.
Thixotropic agents are not generally admissible and are severely prohibited in the
chemically-resistant layer (liner).
Protection against light and UV rays must be obtained through the use of an external
gelcoat (top coat).
The resins used in the construction of the chemically-resistant inner layer must have the
following minimum properties :
Elongation at break
HDT
Family
Surface veil: based on C-glass with fibres arranged randomly. Basis weight of 30
gr/m2 used in the first layer of the liner ;
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Mat (CSM): based on E-glass with cut fibres arranged randomly. Basis weight of
375 / 450 / 600 gr/m2 used in manual lamination or winding ;
Roving for winding 2400 / 4800 tex: continuous threads of E-glass - are used in
winding systems of the cylindrical part of the tank (Filament winding).
Roving for cut and spray 2400 tex: cut threads of E-glass - used as mechanical
reinforcement of the tank and bottoms (contact moulding).
Mat and Biaxials : these are fabrics based on E-glass used for mechanical
reinforcement manual layering or for winding.
4.3 ADDITIVES
Only in the chemically-resistant layer can accelerators and catalysers be used.
In particular cases, in the mechanical layer, additives can be used that help to confer
particular characteristics to the tank (electrical conductivity, self-extinguishing).
The choice must be made by the SELIP technical office.
5. MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES
5.1 PREPARATION OF RESINS
Before being sent to production departments the resins must be tested daily to verify the
gel time and for perfect polymerization
Gel timer equipment is used.
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The resistant mechanical layer is produced through layering by cut and spray (spray-up)
alternating with manual lamination (hand lay-up) with MAT and chopped strand mat.
5.4 ASSEMBLY
The cylinder, which the top must form an integral part of, is welded to the bottom by
manual lamination.
The liner must be re-established and the external mechanical reinforcement must be
made.
This phase is propedeutic, in the case of tanks with a capacity greater than 10m, to the
winding operation. During assembly the lifting attachments are positioned, in AISI304,
which will be used to hoist the tank vertical.
THE WELDING OF THE BOTTOM TO A CYLINDER WOUND PREVIOUSLY
IS NOT ADVISED
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continuous glass roving type E with basis weight 2400 or 4800 tex.
Page 14 of 27
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Temperature (C.)
70 (-3/+5)
70 (-3/+5)
80 (-3/+5)
70 (-3/+5)
80 (-3/+5)
Page 15 of 27
Duration (Hours)
6 (-1/+2)
10 (-1/+2)
6 (-1/+2)
12 (-1/+2)
8 (-1/+2)
Coating
Steel 6.0mm
85m
70m
55m
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EN 10204
General tolerances
Page 17 of 27
TABLE 1
Type of
Defect
Open air
bubbles in the
Liner
Air bubbles in
the Laminate
Foreign body in
the Laminate
Delamination of
the Stratification
Delamination
due to mech.
work
Glass fibres
protruding
(exterior)
Glass fibres
protruding
(interior)
Scorching of the
Lamination of
Flanged
Attachments
Inadequately
impregnated
areas
Transverse
Fractures
Surface cracks
(spiders web)
Unprotected cut
surfaces
(internal)
Surface
irregularity
Internal runs
External runs
Transverse
Cracks
Definition of
Defect
Open air bubbles, present on the
surface of the Liner that will come
into contact with the product
Areas with air bubbles enclosed by
the Laminate, of a generally
spherical shape and of varying
dimensions
Foreign bodies enclosed by the
Laminate of the article
Ref.
fig. n
1
Level 1
None
None
None
None
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LEVELS OF ACCEPTABILITY
Level 2
Level 3
None
None
N 6 Bubbles
maximum dimension 5
mm, on a surface
examined of 0.5 m
Maximum n 4 with
maximum dimension
of 3 mm
None
N 12 Bubbles
maximum dimension
10 mm, on a surface
examined of 1 m
Maximum n 6 with
maximum dimension
of 5 mm
None
None
Maximum dimension
admissible = 15 mm
Maximum dimension
admissible = 30 mm
None
None
Maximum n 4 areas
Maximum n 2 areas
with maximum area of with maximum area of
0.1 m
0.04 m
None
None
None
None
10
None
11
None
12
None
13
None
14
None
None
Maximum n 4 areas
with maximum
dimension of 20 mm
None
Maximum n 8 areas
with maximum
dimension of 50 mm
None
None
Maximum n 5 areas
with maximum
dimension of 10 mm.
None
Maximum n 10 areas
with maximum
dimension of 15 mm.
None
15
None
Maximum n 5 areas.
Maximum n 10 areas.
16
None
Page 18 of 27
None
None
Repair procedure
Grind the surface with the air bubbles including a surrounding
area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type E of 300/450
g/m;
impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m
impregnated with resin;
with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Repair procedure
Grind the surface with the air bubbles including a surrounding
area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type E of 300/450
g/m;
impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m
impregnated with resin;
with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Repair procedure
Grind the area with the foreign bodies, including a surrounding
area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by a layer of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m
impregnated with resin. Roll to eliminate any air present;
with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
In the event of heavy grinding (4-5 mm) the repair must be done
in two phases.
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Repair procedure
A repair of delamination of the stratification of limited dimensions
(about 250mm in diameter) is carried out by injecting some
catalysed resin under vacuum between the delaminated layers.
Proceed as follows:
make 2 holes opposite each other of 6-8 mm, as near as
possible to the perimeter of the delamination;
insert a vacuum tube into one hole and start to suck out the air
inject catalysed resin into the other hole using a syringe until
the delamination is completely filled;
allow the resin to harden for about 2 hours.
Repair procedure
Repair procedure
Remove the fibres protruding from the stratification, using
abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and where
necessary apply a layer of gel-coat or paraffined resin (for
exterior finishing).
Repair procedure
Remove the fibres protruding from the stratification, including a
surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully
clean the ground area and use a brush to apply a layer of
paraffined resin (for internal finishing).
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Repair procedure
Remove the delaminated areas including a surrounding area of
about 20mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground
area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of
300/450 g/m;
impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
allow to harden for about two hours.
In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be
done in two phases
Repair procedure
Grind the inadequately impregnated surface, including a
surrounding area of about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully
clean the ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of
300/450 g/m;
impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
allow to harden for about two hours.
In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be
done in two phases.
Repair procedure
The repair of transverse fractures is carried out in two distinct phases, i.e.:
a repair of the Liner followed by the exterior.
Grind the fractures in the Liner including a surrounding area of about
50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and carry out
the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed resin
followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of 300/450 g/m;
impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any air
present;
apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m impregnated with
resin;
with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching film (e.g.
Mylar);
allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.
Grind the fractures in the exterior layer as above, carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as above by applying layers of 450
g/m Mat to reach the thickness removed. Allow to harden for about 2
hours and clean the laminated areas with abrasive tools.
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Repair procedure
Grind the area with the surface cracks, including a surrounding
area of about 30mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of
300/450 g/m. Impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll
to eliminate any air present;
apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m
impregnated with resin;
with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
Allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching film.
In the event of deep delamination (4-5mm) the repair must be
done in two phases.
Repair procedure
Sand down the cut and/or ground surfaces using abrasive paper.
Carefully clean the sanded areas and use a brush to apply a
layer of paraffined resin.
Repair procedure
Remove the surface irregularity - usually to be found on the
outside of stratification - including a surrounding area of about
50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground area and
where necessary use a brush to apply a layer of paraffined resin
(for external finishing).
Repair procedure
Remove the runs of resin from the inside of the stratification,
including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools.
Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush to apply a layer
of paraffined resin (for internal finishing).
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Repair procedure
Remove the runs of gel-coat from the outside of the stratification,
including a surrounding area of about 20mm using abrasive tools.
Carefully clean the ground area and use a brush (or a spray) to
apply a layer of gel-coat (for external finishing).
Repair procedure
The repair of transverse cracks is carried out in two distinct
phases, i.e.: a repair of the Liner followed by the exterior.
Grind the cracks in the Liner including a surrounding area of
about 50mm using abrasive tools. Carefully clean the ground
area and carry out the repair as follows:
apply to the ground area, using a brush, a layer of catalysed
resin followed by one or more layers of glass Mat type E of
300/450 g/m;
impregnate the layer of Mat with resin and roll to eliminate any
air present;
apply a layer of glass Surfacing type C of 30 g/m
impregnated with resin;
with the resin still wet, apply to the repair a layer of detaching
film (e.g. Mylar);
allow to harden (about 2 hours) and remove the detaching
film.
Grind the cracks in the exterior layer as above, carefully clean the
ground area and carry out the repair as above by applying layers
of 450 g/m Mat to reach the thickness removed. Allow to harden
for about 2 hours and clean the laminated areas with abrasive
tools.
6.2 TOLERANCE
Selip products conform to that indicated in the EN 13920 norms as regards construction
tolerance.
In particular:
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The tank must be fixed to the trailer by using cloth bands and blocked by wooden wedges to stop
it from rolling or shifting
THE USE OF STEEL CABLES AND CHAINS IS FORBIDDEN
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STANDARD
ON PAYMENT
ON REQUEST
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
TABLE OF FITTINGS
LIST OF MATERIALS
TANK IN USE
WIND
EARTHQUAKE
L
E
V
2
X
L
E
V
3
X
ON REQUEST
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
ON REQUEST
ON REQUEST
DIMENSIONAL CHECK
ON PAYMENT
ON REQUEST
MATERIAL CERTIFICATES
ON PAYMENT
ON PAYMENT
ON PAYMENT
ON REQUEST
ON REQUEST
ON REQUEST
STANDARD
ON PAYMENT
X
X
IDENTIFICATION DATA
GENERAL INFORMATION
SPARES
OTHER TESTS / TEST-RUNS
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L
E
V
1
X
Page 27 of 27
9. GARANTEES
The manufacturer must guarantee that he has the necessary skills and give the
commercial guarantees to supply the goods ordered, at least :
9.1
The presence of an internal technical office. The Technical Director shall be a registered
engineer ;
The possibility of handling orders and correspondence in Italian, English, German, and
French ;
9.2
The supplier must be classified with rating A according to the Basilea 2 regulations ;
The minimum net assets of the supplier must be equal to 1.5 million Euros ;
Product Policy
Transport Policy
The Product Policies must guarantee the product for a minimum of 24 months from the
date of delivery
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