Professional Documents
Culture Documents
^,:
^aa `
^ ^r^
Em X,
Em can nh& kh6ng Cdch clay hat nim,mcit butt chteu
em Igt tha'm tot. Nghe tang go' cira nhe-nhe, tat ha :
rBt vat (tip cho hit mot cdu (tong bat tva m.61
v6 tit
sdch. Kht dpl bid, quay lut th) em ct5 citing a sau lung
161 ma 1c11 khOng bat
Nher ham cla, nhtn chi& ban xlnh-xlnh ctia tI51, tren
.clat binh bang Ming, em twat cub( hdt :
Sing cid-1 via van nhu Ong, chic thd Mtn
va tot ddp :
Nghe nao cling co cal vut, niu khOng thl lam sao
theo (10;1 crircrc ; niurng tot tcr&ng ngiii vat van la m tit trong
nhirng ngh8 flitch nhit ma cling ccrc nhit.
R ot c6u chuyfn tap tyc t;(' ngh' cam but. Em ta-ma
hot toi Ue ccich
vtec bdn, viec tn, Ife ctert sing ciza m(it
val nha
cam-tinh va thir-te cua cro`c-gtd...
M:131 gkr sou, kb1 em c6o biet, tot cfira em l&i scin va
tut(
-am an em vi em ctai lam cho tot bong-khuang nl&
i
xudn : cu ng nhcr em bay g14', tot ngay xcra Fit mum but it
nhi seu v ie ctet to cdc van-nhan viz u&c-ao ctcrcrc song b6ng
clly vat.
lr trbc m?i1. Nht"cu Min 161 g!p cp bon bo du-phut c a-k!, 16t
mrif chick xe mdy du, chat' xu6t dfrerng Quan- 1h6nh, va-
bat kha v6
Irru
laii cdi g-
d6 cho doi.
Nhirng luc aY,' long tot thay sot-not lam, frrang nhtrsap thank Nguyen Cong Tr0, To $ong Pha ca rot. Tut
xanh ngong (h(! Em ctreri it ? Chac em cOOng tang tOrnlyay
1955,
NGUYEN HIEN - LE
Cho thlch khi t(i ben (1968)
Prong cuon nay toi ch xet ve`
N;h? ON vAn, ci,n v Nf,i(vn vy nhi vdn 6 . 11,01 chung to thi xin 9qc
ti ,wiu Ally v.Vn li^ any rltrnq v.in hole can tia, do ahn Tao E3in.
7tu1t 1Jn 1iu uNn, I96M
CHU'aNG I
M6t anh ban tOi, thay ted viet cued nay, mim ctreri,
hei
1t
s6 1trc y ng, voy thi t*i sao day .hoc anh nhAn la mat nghe
ma Vitt v1In aiih Ip1 kh8ng chiu nhan ?
Anh
tin
kiem mot ban in, nh6, mot nha nho duyet qua lai, roi
tir tien mtr&n tho- khac, khOng can xin phep tic gia.Tac
gia chang nhCrng cho vay la ttr nhien ma c$n 1ay lam
vinh hanh dtro a c mot hieu sach in sach mnh.
T6m lai, mot tic pham ngay tir khi chep hoc in xong
de truyen b^ trong dan chung 1a d^ thanh ngay cua cong
roi, Ai in 1ai cung dtrgc, ai ban cung dtrac, tham chi de"n
r
ai mu6n tir y su a chira, them bat ra sao cung dtrac 1 Vi
Tan Da, Pham Quynh bat d"au sinh nhai bang ngoi btit
vit^t bao.
Thai xtra, cac cti ta lam tho , , lam phti, viet truyen
ngan, truyen dai, scan Sir ky, Dia ly..., deu Ia dee' tieu
khien hoc gidp d&i, cilu danh, chic khong khi nao
nghi t&i tin. Vie"t xong to t tic pham, cac cu chip tay
l i
a , g'i cho ban be doc. Con chau hoc m8n sinh thay
sach hay, g6p nhau, ke vai quan, ngtr6,i dam tin, thue
muon c6 mt ban thi cir mang giay m;rc 1i, ngtr&i giir
dtroc cac nha xu"at ban tra mot xu nhO nao thi bo Haik_ich cua nhdn loci (La comed.ie humaine) co ra (tai diro-c
thi hq tinh tin tong rat nhg, H 9 thay c6 mot cal vinh
dir d+xSrc truyen b^ tic phlm v 1 vinh dSr d6 du lam cho
a
cha.ng ? Ca the ky trtr&c, ntro c nha xuat ban may lam
t?trcrc tram b6 sach con Phap thi hang ir.c bg, rguyen
nhan chanh la cac cir cho viet On khong phi la :not
6ng cha hoc thay hoc, hoan town vi tinh chit khOng
Iqi.
nQhe.
vi
C6n nOi v? nhf ng, cct'r.r (hang chuy8n ban Bich Whir
nh(rng cir h 1ng d ph(S lban h Gai, Ha nti hi xtsa, thi
he thay m(1t ctic^n nao 4^ c6 nhi^,i ngtr6 , i h6i, hip lien
.
bin dtro. c, khong in dtro c thi chtra phai la met
tic phalli.
here bin kick Tartuffe cho nha xuat bin Ribou dirge
via van thi chi can met cay viet, met tap giay, hai thin
hai ngan quan. Tir d6 ve sau, cic dai van hao nhtr
lay se ban van lam ngtrang ma con kith lies tranh gianh
mei quyen lgi cho ngtreri cam bat. Teri narn x886, ham
bon chat ntre . c der ky chung met hiep trerc 6 . Berne
(Kirsh de) They si) de the chb van nhan va quy dinh re)*
rang quy'en tic gia.
Very khap the gi&i der cOng nhan viet van la met
nghe Ira chung ta clang ding ngac nhien khi thay
ctiOn sich day each viet van de bin
tien, nhtr :
Met van si MST' der" n6i : Met nha van co tai phai la
met ngtreri co tai bin tic pham . Met quan nieri nhtr
very c6 ice cho la khOng cao thtrang nheng qu;', la thee
to no c6 the gitip met s6 nha van d& dei ret kien
nhan deo dtt6i nghe thuat, va trix&c het ne giap cho
dec gii c6 sich d'e d9c vi met tic pham ma kh8ng
.
viec gi, nhtr nghe the dien, the, . sit, ta cling van deric dra
van dan mer reng tip den. Ai tnr xet de sac xong pha
veri cay via thi , day, cir ti'en. The% de qui, de den n6i
Vu Bang di' mai mia :
e nhan va te do.
y ang,
vgn
Mfri SO 57
t4
13
doi phi be rut tarn ra. Mot anh ban toi da phai vi"et
t&i hai gi& khuya roi bat vc day chap ban thAo tir
natn gi& sang de sach ra cho kip th&i. Thi tai tir
ai bang Tan Da, co 1an bi Dip van Icy gia.c ba bon
lan, d"en not phat gat len : << Lam tha chir phai mo
lo? n dau ma dung gi& dtro'c ? ma roi sung phai ran
vie"t de khoi phai nghe ben tai nhfrng loi lAi nhai,
eo xeo.
De"n nhtr muon viet gi tuy y thi do chi la mOng
ttr&ng cua nha van. Tinh canh nha van hi 1784 ma
Beaumarchais d"a mtrgn tai Figaro mot vai cha.nh trong
kich cua ong de mo to nhtr sau, hien nay van chtra
nghe a"y cung chira chic da dirge ttr do. Dinh rang
r
cac co -quan the"-lu e, de"zz nha Opera, den tdt ca moi hi
h
vin ichac, din rngt ngzro i nao c6 ti dia-vi, thi tOi dtrrrc
tzr-do muo"n in gi thi in, sau khi hai ba nha kiem-duyet
nha van khong phai t&i hang dung gi& ; thirc su6t
da xem-xet ro"i(z)
dim cung dtro c ma ngu tron ngay cung dirge, hic nao
van tai t?r , thi mot khi da song nh& cay vie"t, ngtr&i
ta lam sao khoi chin nhieu bo buc, chang han nhtr
bi nha xuat ban hay nha bao sai ngur&i de"n thuc bai
mot ng^y ba b6n phen; cap bach'tar&ng nhtr ho muon
16
y
rOi. TOi khOng hieu vi sa , nhtrng tOi viet khOng ngirng
flint' ngtral phu trim chgy, va toi khOng the lam khdc
chr&c(...) Ddy nay,46i da ng trir&c mat Ong, tOi beatkhoein, tran troc va lac nao tOi cling nh& rang co mot cdi
cling dirng nen vAi n6i d6n sly ttr-do cita nghe cam btitl
r
tieu-thuyet Bang eha do l tOi.TOi nhinthdy mot dam may
trong gain het mot chiec cltrawg-cam va tOi nghi rang
phdi ghi Igi rang co mot darn may acing giOng nhachiec cluvng-cam. La kia ngti4 nlur mui hoa tur&ngclawng va iiip tire, tOi nghi ngay den hoa htr&ng-dtrng
mui tat.-lqt Nh& lily de dung vao mot (loan td cdnh
maa hq. TOi rink Ong va rink ca tOi nira, rink tirng
cd nhirng
cdu, tirng chit; a:4 vOi ghi vao trong
Ngay dem, mot ttr-ttrerng theo dui tOi, thu het teimly.c tOi: phdi viet, phciiviet, can phdi VI viet xong
mot truyen, tOi lgi thdy can phdi via mot truyen khdc
Nhtr v4y thl lam sao ma chang chong gia, chit yeu P
Va ke doc xong Chinh phy ngdm cua Ding Tran Con
ban phai tim cach viet hcrn nguai khac va hun nhirng
is c pham tnr&c cua ban. Ban phai chitin du v&i ngtr&i
ma bao : Tinh than tic gia trut het vao trong khi c nay,
vay khOng qua ba nam y se chet ) da qua la hieu r6 cai
va vo'i minh, khong the de cho cay biut cira ban ^xuong
nhirng ngtr&i da lam viec nam, sau gio' lien tip bang
Dai mot dao hat, khi ve gia, chua xot ra sao thi
do'i mot nhA van khi bi dc gia quen ten cung no nuot
Juan rang lam viec bang tinh than khong met. Toi cung
muon tin dieu ay, song hang thang, c6 khi hang nam,
chu y vao mot van de, co bfra cong ltrng su6t ngay tren
ban viet thi the chat co ltrc ltr&ng nhtr Balzac cung kho
ma chang s&m thay ngay suy.
nhat. Tai cac mr&c van hoc rat thinh, dc gia rat dong
nhtr nir&c Phap, moi thai chi dtrac dam ba nha van
nh& cay vie"t ma phong Itru nhtr Voltaire, A ictor Hugo,
Cai dieu met tri nha"t trong nghe do la nha van phii
chitin dau su6t db a i. Ban la giao sir, soan bai trong nam
dau roi nhCrng nam sau, nu cung van day mon coo va l&p
do thi cong viec nhe di gia n'ra. Ban la y si t.hi sau
mithi nam kink nghiem, trir nhfrng trtr&ng ho'p dac
biet, ban khong can phai suy nghi lung cung down ra
dwgc bgnh.
Nghe cam but thi khac han.Nloi tac pham la mOt cong
trinh mo'i, phai tim toi, tram tu', sap y, lira tie"ng, sira
20
21
22
CHiJCJNG II
NGHE VIET.,VAN,
a NIJOC TA HIEN NAY
nheo, khong du de lam quen cai thanh gia deo tren vai.
TN-DA
Thtra ban, toi von khong tra nhirng chuyen buorn.
Toi nghi buon thirang phi hoai,vui m&i kin-thiet. Vay
,
nu ban thy cuoi chtrc ng triro c v^ dau chtrrrng nay
du co giong ho'i bun, thi thtrc khong phai tai toi, ma
tai van-cue vay.
Trong chtrung tren, toi da dan mat don cua Vu
Bang ve tinh canh cua nha van 1&p trtr&c. Day lai xin
phep 6ng dan them mot down nu'a:
<i C^ iahirttg nha van-nghe vie"t bsi ca thong cho
boo ma du'ac ba dong (i) ; m(t ngwb,i khach tir que ra
tinh moi Ian vai chuc coy so ina"t hang long ma hang
r
ntra nom khong stem vee cho nita duro c lay rant xu la;
co anh viet, vie"t vie't ma cfr nhin doi dai ngu'ai ra,
phdi an phi' hang thong de" trir corn roi ket cc, din
ha.
NCH^ Vl g T VAN
26
dai qua thi nha bao co the clang gill') ban dtrorc. Ay IA
chO ne nang lAin day. COn nhtr moon xuat ban, ban
phai ttr b6 von ra nhu. Ong Vu dinh Long. Tat nhien la
ban khOng can
tOi van bat.
Tau thuyk de ban hon. Hien nay, neu khOng
nhfing tau thuyet cu tai. ban N/A nhung tau thuyet chi
ding tren bao thi moi nam ntreec nha xuat ban trung
binh aing duTic dam, Kitt chuc cuOn. SO dO co y e nhu
l
&n, nhung hOi cac nha xuat ban thi m i biet mtr&i bin
thao g&i tai, ho chi nh4n co mot, hai.
Viet tieu thuyet co the rat dekiem an ; mien la co
cAi giong hap din va bat chieu nhfing thi hieu tam
thu&ng cua dai chting la ngtreri to co the ltro m ducyc
mtr6 , mueri hai ngan mot thing rii. Nhtrng tOi bat
ban qui trong nghe cam but, nen khOng xet trtr&ng
ho:p hang nha van dau co . 'ay.
Ban co luting tam, lai yeu nghe thu4t, vat mot tieu
thuyet hai tram trang gi'ay in, it nhat mat siu thing, nhtr.
vat' In'Oi dam dtro:c hai cu6n. Neu ca hai deu dtrac nha
xuat bin mua chotruing hap ay ham lam thi mot
dam ban kiem dtro:c khoang hai van &Ong (1). Ngoai ra,
g
(I) Mot tieu thuy t hai tram trang, thir&ng in ba ngan cuan,
cuan ban khoing ba chat ding. Nha xuat ban tri ban 10 phan 100
gia ban tinh theo s6 sash in ra.
. X
10
3.000
9.000d
1 00
.
toi tinh chin la 10.000ct. Hai cutin, ban cltro c 20.000d
Hi0 nay (1968) tic quven co khi chi la 7% 5% 34; gia sach so
i nam 1955 tang Lan gap ba, con mfrs sinh hoat tang len it nhat la
gap main.
ne'u tau thuyet cila ban td6i nam dtro'c tai ban hai cuOn
tic pham Cita Khai Hung cfing chtra dtro:c thee thl
&Si nam ban dtro'c them hai van &Ong nira, cong la bOn
van. Nhung ban co the chic rang luOn trong rinthi dam
hai mtrai nam, ban tiu tic deu deu theo muc dO va.
ban trei het ca nhu v4y hay chang ? Ban ma dam chic.
thi tOi phut ban, ban han ca Balzac, Hugo, Maugham,
Zweig !
Tom 14i, ban phai vao hang tieu thuyet gia dai tai
va rat hen tried co by vong kiem ducyc trung binh hcrn
ba ngan &Ong mot thing, con kern s5 luang mot thtr
khOng con,
str co hang cap cao tieu, khOng
sei tan do ma dam de the tir thi chic chin ban
nhu Tit Xtrcrng
Chu
khi.
chi ngan rtrOi ma ban clang lay lat . nam nay qua dam
khac. Stich lo4i ay viet cang cao, bin cang kh6 ma nhang.
nhA van dUng din bao gi& ciing muOn viet
m8i ngay.
24
25
GBn,
swi tin rung bac ben nay, nam 1939, mat anh ban;
tun moi nha bao nhan cttrgc hang chic, hang tram
Sal
li ng vao sot tic tirng x .p, tirng xap, chi giir 1a1 vii
ti n ma mua ?
Th&i may c6 kh'a hon mot chttt. Muen-xet ky, tbi xin..
phin-bit van-nhan lam nam hang:
rang : Anh dirng nen lam ttr&ng rang anh c6 tbi. ir?ang
nha-soan kich
cao gium cho ten anh stay. Ding le anh phai tra tier
quang cao cho chting t8i, chit con d6i tien nhun but
niratr ?
Toa bao nao nha nhan lam thi m&i g&i tang cho
(thi ha w d6 mot s6 bao. Nhirng & Saigon nay, ban vigc
Whir cac Ong chit nhiean, chA but, thi da c6 ma"y Ong dir
thi gi& ma nghi iien van de vtinh cam y. T6t ho'n 1a thi
si nen 1ai sap bao mua thi chic hen, mua mtro'i s6 cue
tang it ban be.
Kich cung kh6 bian nhtr the, nhat la loci kich tho'.
{ich cua ban nu vui, c6 chiat it nghe thuat, va dirng
:30
rung ga` p mtrili, gip tram ta, (khap the gio & i co khoang
nam clitic trieu ngtr&i bie't doc tieng Phap va tren ba tram
31
trieu ngtrai bie"t doc tiee'ng Anh), ma nghe viet van cling 1a
se dam in ngay tan dau hai tram ngan cuo"n, tinh gia
mot nghe chat vat nhat. Charles Braibant trong bai tra
trung binh moi cu6n nam tram quart, quyen tic gi.a it
H&i ban tie' (lava nghe viet van ), ban t.'i nhdm
luc khb khan. Stich ban khong duac. VVai nha xua"t ban
than nhien nuot lo'i, chi ck nhirng dieu trong giao keo
ma ho da ky. Ma nghe cang kho kha;z tai tang dong
ngtr&b.
My, theo J. N. Leonard trong bai Learning how
rieng ve hai tram ngan cuon do, tieu thuyet gia da c tro c
dung mot trieu bac roi !
Roi con Anh htr&ng t&i nhCrng coon sau nixa : chtra
dtro'c thtthng, rnai cuon in ba ngan so can e", dtroc
thtr&ng roi thi bit ky cu6n nao viet ra cling cam chic
ban dtroe c chuc ngan tr& len.
Noi ehi t&i nhirng nha van not danh khap th"e gi&i
d^ c,o hang ngan nha chuyen mon va nam nao cling them
hang van ngtrai tap vie"t. Trong so do, bao nhieu ngtrai
lan dau in hang chiic ngan cuon roi tai ban hang chic
dtrac b5n phan ngan, con chin tram chin mucti sau phan
trieu bac. Nhtr cuUn How to win friends and influence peo_
ma dtruc so
On
co ba, bon cai hi et thtr hai ba chiec xe ho4, cir viet trong
nam, sau thing Iii nghi mot thixi gian, di du Lich khap
mot
cao hcrn, bO. i vay nhieu nha d5 phai gic brit, neu
.khOng sin c6 mot nghe khic cue nuOi nghe viet van (t).
MOt vii nha sown Ttr dien va sach giao khoa, g5p theri
-thu duvc Itha nhieu, nhtrng sly tranh cong ctaa h9 chi
nhat th64 ma sty canh tranh thi kich 141 va cua c6 ngtrfri
phir xoay qua ding viec khac rOi.
ROt cuoc, hien nay chi c6 hang It3'T gia nha nghe IA
-
de sang hcrn het. 'DM khOng ke` nhii ng Ong chit b^o, 136
tiers
y
Dtr&i mot btrc IA nhiing ngtri i Bich tin the gi&i,
viet diiu era, tie"u thuyet hoac dam nh5n phi!.
.
.
trtro . ng (van chtro ng, 119c sink, phu MI , the than,,.)
chi chinh 119 dau tna cling khOng dam nghi (I). MA
ltrce ng h9 dtrqc bao nhieu ? Cao lam thi nam, sAu ngan
ma thap nhat hai ngan I
the kiem moi thing hang tram ngan &Ong, nhtrng 119
-
khOng phai la nha van. Cac Ong chit btit lam cOng thu&ng
29.
.
tinh canh cAc nhA van 6 nix&c ta hien nay la
nhtr tray.
15nh lucong kha cao, tir sOu ngan den mtr&i ngan dOng,
chang qua cling chi bang ltrang mot cong chirc hang trung
lam nam va dOng con, ma cOng viec cac Ong ay /ang
nhoc v8 citng, gap nam gap mtriri cOng viec ctia mOt Ong
-thaw
(1) Gan day, trong mot bai phring van cua bao Von ngh e. . mr5l,
1.6 van SiC'u, tic gia cuan Wan mirth Viet nam da chua xOt that ra
nhiing kri nay :
. Nam than Mtn viec nhtt: vay (de viet, 55-a bin c/Onh may, sii'a
.
an cao cuOn Van mirth Vi et
flan)), tai dtro. c bao nhieu tien ? Gioi Mm
la tam ngan
Vay m6i thing IA 1,600d. V64 so tien ay, tai lam
cach gi de nuOi cai than trau ngwa cua tai cho sang ma phung akr Van
ng4 va nhan dan ?VA tai lam cach gi d e' nued gia dinh cho con cai to
V1 vay ma nha van ho Le nay da CO hai phii lam mot hang cong
.(chd thich nam 1968)
mOtxa xi ph1m, chtra thay can doc sach nhtr can an, can
u6ng, trong mot ntr&c nhtr the thi sach lam sao ma ban
.
Tuy nhien, ta cling phai nh5n rang ngay 6 Phap,
Anh,
(I) Nen nha' them Ia nhat bao rat it khi nghi le.
g2
3-1
y
ngtr&i CO mot sirc hoc pho th6ng se dong gap nar , gap
mtro'i ngay nay, khi"en cho so sach bin dtrg'c cling tang:
then.
t{rc nhtr mtriri d`ong moi chit. Mu&i dong moi chli 1 Thy
Lai theca canh dang van.hoa cua ta con bit bao khu
c
vu
Vigt. Toi tin rang chang bao tau nira, quo"c_dan se doi
hoi nhirng sach dova cac nha cam but neon su.y--nghi ve
dieu ay ma dtr-bi tir bay gi& di.
Do la not v"e sach, con ve bao ta cling con thieu
chuyen vien trong nhieu loaf van: phong-sur dieu-tra ca
loci day cach lam nhCrng vi c lat-vat (2) nhtr tri ng bong,
cua mirth it, nen cac nha xua"t-ban va nha bao khong dam
tra gia can hon.
Co dii a rtang rnirng la so" dc gin c,10 co the tang
ten matt , Neu nu-&c nha dtroy c thong-nh&t va hoa-binh
ma chinh ph{i lai dc-biet Itru tam den vdn-ho'a thi chi
trong it nam, ta ngtr&i mit chit khOng con ma hang
14
me-muni hoal nhtr tigay nay va chi doc town nhirng tauthuyet ath anh em em tang nheng truyn kiemhie.p mat ding ?
Rni can kith, thy-but, phe-b I nh... hit bao khu vtyc
gan nhtr hoang-vu vAn si'n-sang cho ban tha fin khai-khin.
CHU'CYNG 111
clan rni than-trong, kien-nhan sin xuat thi n-o)t ngay kia,
khi trinh-d dpc sich ctla quart chting da lien, tic-phim
cita ban se hcop v&i rthu-cau cika qunc-dan, hic, do, ca.'s,
11 0)i btit sit cita ban cdrt chi ma chang time nhon trong
each kim an dni ? (1)
nhieu triT a. Vi lai, nhtr tOi d5 mil, Nnh tat la tinh cinh
ithong thtrarng cua nha van trong van hoc si:r co kim,
36
NGHE
V1ET VAN'
danh, Thien tai la v4t rat hie"m & d&i, ca mot thee' kit,
moi ntr&c may lam dirge vai ba ngtr&i nhtr Nguyen Du,
Nguyen thi Diem, Ly Bach, D6 Phu, Hugo, Lamartine
37
Neu dtroc nhtr vay thi co the coi nhtr ban da thanh
cong mot n&a vi toi tin rang ban sehtu' kien nhan de sira
tngt cau van nam, siu lan, kiem t. i lieu trong vai ba
nam trix&c khi loan mot cuo"n sach hai tram trang va chju
canh ban han ma deo dai cho t&i chot.
Dieu kin thir nhi la ban phai ltra mot loaf van hap
,
men nhtr bon pham nhin chu.ng minh thi khong the by
vong tr&i ban cho cua hie"m a"y, vay ta chi cau co chut tai.
hoa nho nho de dit btrac vCrng tren van dan, va tir ta,
kiem dtrac vigc hop vo'i minh ! Phai lam, co mot viec
hap v&i minh thi lam chi ma chang thay avui nhtr mot
Yeu nghe ? Dung, toi cho rang d6i v&i bon khong
san tu tr&i la chung minh thi yeu nghe la mot dieu.
kien quan -trong nhat.
Ban bao
-- Dieu do khoi dan ma, yeu nghe van ttr thi toi
da thira yeu I
-- Vang, nhtrng tc,i mu6n bie"t ban yeu no ra sao ?
Ban co the, sau khi lam viec su6t ngay & su, trong khi
vo, con mong do y i a nha, lai cir cam co dap xe den nha
in de vie"t bai, roi mai khuya m&i tr& ve, rut re go c&a
soy fain mat giac ngu cua nhirng ngtrai than ? Hay ban co
the yeu van ma song nhu Phung Bao Thach, Nguyen
tro choi tuyet thu va chang thay thanh cong chic chan ?
Noi cho ngay, ai ma khong ham cii dank thi si ? Con
,
gi khoai cho bang m6i bai tho cua minh dtrac hang ngan
mieng ngam nga, co bai lai du gc nhirrng ban tay ngoc dem
then tren liza nira ? Nhtrng, mot anh ban toi chink vi ham
cai danhay qua ma mac d"au thay thay va ban khuyen
dirng lam thee, van c6 tong nn oc rim van tren io nam
h
nay de r6t cugc chi chu6c tie"ng ctro'i cu a b5c thirc gia.
Chang rieng toi, nhieu ngtr&i du nhan anh ban ay co
khie"u ve tuy but va nghi luan : o, phai chi anh d''e tang
phu luyen tho ma luyen hai the vira not thi co phii
di not ti"eng roi khong ?
,
Bit bao ban tre btr6 c vao lang van v&i quyet dinh
thanh mot tieu thuyet gia ma khong ttr xet co kha nang
thi toan muoi me, rau jai va dira trong hang trang ?
ve loai do khong. Cic ban a"y hay doc doan by thu nay
38
39
y y
si De Sevigne chi viet nhang
minh thi se e ang, nhtr
hire thtr cho con gai cfing ltru danh thien co, cir gi
dt &i chan nui tx ? SO ngirO co thien tir tie van thi rat
nhieu ma thanh ding rat it chinh vi phan dOng khOng
du kien nhan va khOng biet chon dtr&ng hol3 YO'i kha
got ra nhtr ke meit hOn. Co ai ddp mqnh vao &iv tOi cang
kitting lam cho toi chocing vcing
TN de me,Tyng
Nhtrng, thtra ban, co 'dieu quart trong nhat
Nhtrng roi Dale Carnegie biEt quyet dinh 136 ngay loai
tieu-thuyet de viet tieu-sireac danh nhan efing loai sach
the cho . ngtrOi l&n, VA Ong da thAnh-cOng nye-r6, &nye
khap the-gieri biet ten, ki m dirge ea trieu
Ong
da chang bun rau vi kh6ng &rye la mot T. Hardy thir
c6 tien mai song, mai viet dtrcre, nhu"ng neu chi vi tien
nhi ma cOn mu6n they nhay /Tula moi khi nh& lei quyet
dinh sang su6t do.
13Ai the ma dem ban till khOng mot t& bac) nao mua,
40
41
ngan dong trong mqt thtri gian ngan de roi khi ht th&i,
roi chet cung khSng h4n, n Mot anh khac dcc tieu sir
Trurorng Tien, mot thi si d&i Tong (x) roi mo' mong ca
M ,t anh ban thi si rua toi not : (( Neu phai lam tho,
vi ti n thi kh'o lam, tha lam tho' moc, tha ne can str&ng
hcrn , n thing v4y, min ctrong viet la mpt ctrc hinh, da
chang bo cong ma con lam tam hon ta ti tin di nlra
Boileau trong cuon Nghe thuat lam tho' (L'art poetique) to ve khinh bon cam but tham tier
Toi biPt rang mat tdm h6n
coo
mot so lo'i chinh d ing trong cong viec cua ininh, nhu' voy
Chang nhuc nhd ma cung Chung tpi loi gi cd ;
nhzrng toi khOng the chin du'ry c hang tac gid co ten tuOi
nth Chan danh, ham bac, dem than Apollon (a) cam cho
r
buoi ; va khOng bit t&i nay anh da tim dtro c clu nao
.ti m sach va lain cho mot nghe thugs thanh mot nghe buon.
Roi Boileau khuyen ta nen viet vi danh.
Rat nhieu van nhan nghi nhtr Ong va co ke chi
mong su6t d&i vieet mot cau bat hii mqt cau thoi chic
khong can mqt bai. Mt anh ban toi lam tho, Ca
hai chuc nam, n6i : a Du o r c nhtr Ding Dung, tic gia
cau nay :
Cling nhtr hoi trir&c, toi se vieet, chi dO du' Irc htrang
cdi thu viet, toi chi viet cho nmIt minh toi, ?Chong lie nghi gi
ve ti en bac hoac danh vong on ao cant
p
r
(1) Ho Truang dvro-c ngu ai du ong th ri tang cho chirc : Lang
trung do 1y gia xuan phong " vi ong lam chfrc lang trung va no'i
42
thoat ly d&i sang hien tai- Viet nhtr vay thi tic pham
thtr&ng co gia tri ve nghg thuat, nhtrng van chtrorng
chi la mot tro cho-i tao nha
nhtr
43
tir
twang xa
vie"t thi toi se tir ta'r b) (z) Van hao cua ntr&c Phap do, tir
hieu not tam ly cua ong, nhtrng thu thtrc, toi khong
thay thich cau not a'y, bang 1&i sau nay cua La Tan
Xu a nay toi chd co chuyen gi la bait buoc phai
not ra mtri c r(rc ; ma ding chira he co van chuong
gi Mao tang khong vieet ra thi khong chiu n$i !
huyet nao ma khong muo"n xay dtrng mot ttrceng lai dep
tir' lin e n cho nhu'ng the" he sau ?
tfi
ding cho mqt ty ttrang, cho cai ma moi nha tin la Chan,
ta
b t tai vi'-t ,
Cbn t9i
On
On
44
hay chi la sir hogl4eng 61 nen isni (1) (..) Bay gtir
n itwit la a 1h61 khen mei nha van kht diet la binhstnh chi 00 van Ad khong lam chinh-tri. Co kkic
chi khen met anh ctrl lay la chi co met lay khong ?
Paul Valery chac ding nghi nhtr v5y. Nam x919, t&
nguyet,san Van chiromg phOng van Ong:
CHUUNG IV
IRVING STONE
DO la
Nhat Linh la van nhan thi mot hoc sinh de, luc th6 i hue
viet it bai hOi ky,
tam bia kep trong do ban sap may bai tho' cat tren bac),
" 46
47
W y ba c'r dau do, a"y the la ban c6 the baa nha in sap
cho ban hai chic u Ni$A VAN >, kieu Europe gras corps
J8 & dtr&i ten ban, tren tam danh thie"p roi. Ai cam ?
Nu ban lai con thi thi that 1a Trai giup ban da"y:
cap kinh trang ggng doi moi ra"t an v&i ve mat van nhan
KhAng c5n thi
dotig nghi8p m&i va coy raa khu vtrc cua ho cho khoi
bj ban seam chie'm.
Sau tieu thuyet gia, t&i cac nha vier du ky hoc tu.y
but ; con nhfrng nguo'i chuyen phe binh, khao ctru thi
thi ct'r theo nguyen tac, ban binh dang v&i ho. 6 clay,
ngtrO'i ta chang ke bang cap, chirc ttro c, tuoi tic gi da"u
chi can tai, Nhtrng tai thi c6 nhien la co cao thaap kbac
nrhau, nen o' trong long r6t cuoc sung co ton ti trot tir
y nhtr tai trieu dinh... tren sari khaau v y.
48
*
VAN NHAN TRONG X A HO!
49
H9 thtryet rat kheo, vach r13 nittYng 19'i vat chat fan
'mull than cUa tong viec pitting sty van-hOa dO ; ai tighe
ma khOng ham, va xi gi vai chttc ngan ding ma khong b6
ra cte duct thay ten mirth dang ngay chthi ten ta' bao ?
Nhan dirty c so" vein,h9 chay di gom gOp ngay mot bO bien
y
tap, yeti cart nhfing nha van hc i ce ten tubi gitip h9, nhu
vay &^ 149 co the Bang ten nhting nha (let teen tO quang.
cao. Nhirng nha ay neu mac mtru h9, chiu bai clang:
thi tang tot, h9 se tan khan, khOng tra tier nhuAn btit
ma neu thing viet OUT h9 thi cling khOng sao, ho se"
kiem nhang bai by ba dang cho trang, rei h9 se
ke khai nhang phi ton cho ngtreri b6 vOn tra, la gi tieu
.
mot thi h9 khai ba, ai ma ki'em soot dtro c ? BA tat nhien
nhtrng h9 can gi dau, vi ho 4a an beet &nye tnOt
s6 tien Ign Se chi tieu rei : chi dang bean cho Ong chit
hAo va nhfing nha van bi 119 lira gat ma ke thi mat
den
nguiri thi mang tieng da Ong tic vai tnOt bon hip.
Vi xa h9i van nhan co dit hang ngtreri nhu'vay, nett
kh6 ce sir doan ket rang rai CY ntrac ta, chtra 'CO
mot Hoi cic nha van, chi meri thay nhiing nhOm nha
nhO ba bO'n ngtreei hay nAm sAu7E ngtr&i. Nhting nhOtn a'y,
trtrac chign tranh, khi ding, di tinh nao ta ciing gap (x)
nhtrng trir tic rat it ma cling khong dirqc
thireng
vai ba nam la tan ra. Chi ratting ban clang chi htrOng,
Phap co non lAn chic vin Joan.
(1) Theo Andre Billy, nArri 1947,
Vay & Phap ciing khong khac b ta may chtit.
cteu co dire, tai vA hoc ngang nhau m&i gie tinh than
v&i nhau lau dtrac.
51
ix ?
cam quyen th&i nao, niche nao ciing nghi ki cac nha
van, tim each lung lac ho, khong durgc thi dan Ap, dan
^p ma ho cung khong sg thi tan sat.
mat luc nao cung lanh lung, co khi diem vai net mia mai
nu'a. V y ma mot hom, lai cho'i nha y si do, Ong ngac
a
'Prong th&i quan chiu., bit bao nha van nho cay but
nhien thay mat Ong ta day -nuo'c nit vi dtro ng doc snot
cuo"n sack to n.hirng tha m hoa cua chin tranh, nhirng
nhay len dtrgc nhi ng ghe" cao nhat & trieu Binh: Ttr
nhtr
long ^i quo"c, tinh ttrorng than tiro ng ^i... thi qua thatnha
van d3, nam dtro-c rQt khi gi&i manh me vo clang va ban
tay manh khanh cua nha van ding so ho'n mot di quan
thien chie"n
dirt di u, hay ngang ltrng nhtr : Tran Qui Cap gan day
trong cai An van ttr & dau dai Thanh (t) ben Trung
Quac ; mac dau vay, ca.c not van nhan by sinh cho chinh
& ntr&c ta, Trang Dinh Lung va bay chuc ngtrai nira
(l) Trang Dinh Lung sown bo Minh Sr trong do not d"en nhirng
d}eu k} hOy cua tien the nha Tbanh ; tir ngiriei viet t&i ngur&i hieu
chink, ngrr&j in sash, cac ngr&i tang tru , Met tha t' bay chuc
ch"et,
gia
san
bi
ttch
thu,
vo
con
phai clay.
ngLr i bj t i
52
Tiec thay, lich sir van hoc clang, tay, it khi to duac
thay nhiing th&i nao ma nha cam gityen va van
iil1an tin c5y nhau, va chung sirc v&i nhau de thtyc hi4n
not :
Tai can nha vua
53
e phtrang
het cOc fai trong thien ha ma nghe rbi n5-i sang du-frc ;
Trutt caa nha vua tin no khOug dtt to, phdi hay, h'et cdc
mat trong thien ham& nhin:riii meri to duvc, leng cda nha
va gizip chinh tri: dmro ng theri cang ti'et ciao nhcirt tinh
Trong doan dO, viet cach day aZ the kY, neu ta
Wing o nha cam quyen vac) tieng nha vua thi
ttrOlig van con hap th&i. Mu6n lam Iron nhiem vu
thA van phai co mot nh5n cach cao, luyen dire cOng
tam va lOng phung
le
(I) Patriarche nguyen ta chine toe trtreyng trong Ctru ir6c kink, sau
th cy c dung cie chi nhiing vi ky lao anti hu'&ng lern t&i quOc gia, dtrac
quOc dan trong vong.
55
trong khi moi ngtro i lam viec hang viec sa thi 1an ra ngl't.
lioac tho than, lang thang, y nhtr mqt ten du thu du
thtrc, Roi con bie"t bao nhieu tat : ca phe phai dac, tra
phai darn, ttii rong ma van rung dii nhapi rtro-u, thu6c
.., (Hai ban van), ne"u ban thanh cong, tlrc thi kJ
thu xua"t hien : ban cif tren bo mot vlxc thdm, giu a
sir khjnh bi va s;r thu han
yeu van'
Vay thanh cong hay tha"t bai, di da so van nhan
deu phai ch}u canh co d6c. Tai nghe tang cao, cang
ngtr&i che. T6ng Ng 9 c moi khi (:ca ' dtro'c bao nhieu
ngtr&i h9a ? Ly Bach da may laau dc tca-) trong nui
gigng mia mai cay d6c cua Ong cung c6, vi k6 ghen ghet
not trong xir ngLro & i diet Y; nhi?. Ca nhung nha van hoa
nan I
ngtr&i, tOri ngtr&i than cua hq clang kh6 hieu dug'c ho,
not chi t&i ngu b i ngoai. Tr nghin xu'a, Aristote d"a
khong
khOng chirc ttr6'c gi ma lai ngheo tting, c6 khi doi ret, quan
ngtr&i dien ?
56
57
G sin day, tOi lai dtro'c thay rnOt chiec khan lira
Itliac theu hai cat; tha cita va Hoang Chtrang viet thao.
thich thi van, ma lam bieng kh8ng chit; viet,_ nen hay
gon chieu phim cho mot hang hat bOng Tan Dinh
.1VIOt hOm tOi 14i tham Ong trong mot ttip nhA la del dien
quell tOi nhe. Ong cir 14i thing nha tOi. Nhd tOi chi
veri mot chtt8ng ngtra, trong mot ngO hem 15y 16i &
c6 mot minh tOi thOi . Roi sot anh chang kia van chtra
ga, rua chitng quanh, gifra then bang chi dO mot doan
Dtreyng, loci tho htrang liem (t) ctrc thinh, !Ong thi sj
m&i 'am lam sao chit . 1 Oi, chits. da fifth la cai nOi yeu
van trong mot truyen ngin ci'm Ong. TOi neam cong
tranh inS7' thu5t ay, r6i quay 14i hOi :
van 1
-- Nhirng dem dOng nim trong top leu cua Ong tren
mat 116, nh& chiec khan mOng nay, chic Ong clang bat
lanh dOi ph5n nhi ?
Ong mim ctrOi :
.
.
(I) Huang hem la hop than. Lour thot hu trng hem la loci rho huh
dust phu nit griir trong nhirng hop on phan can ho.
V5ng.
58
59
hoa ma chi
xet hanh phxic cua ba-t gai thi toi tha"y phu nir nen giir
On
tam hieu van nghe, moi thing de rieng mOt so" tien mua
sach, lira tic pham co gia tri ma doc, roi gi&i thieu vo`i
l&i xui di
ngtro-i quen, dtr nhieu tin thi dat mot giai thuo`ng van
chtroy ng, hoc m& mot nha xuat ban ma khong can lai
v4t chat ; nhtr vay da ich cho ntro-c, ma thu vi bie"t
bao !
Con vi"et lach thi mit lam, ma nhieu khi btrc minh
nira Cho nen toi khong dong y v&i ni si Hgp Ph6 khi
ba not nhtr vay v&i nix sinh trtr&ng Trung hoc Nguyen
Dinh Chiee'u o` My tho, trong mot cuac trien lam sach.
bao do trtr y ng to chfrc :
(1) Ba A. Daudet rat co khieeu tham mq, thong viet xong trang nao ba
cung dog ky roi ph e binh ; nhv nh&ng y kien do ma thong ba da`
st'ra china tae pham cho them nhe nhang, t'ee nh1. BO L. Tolstoi do
co cling chap l i cho thong bay lan ban dap bb ` ' Chie"n tranh va
Elba binh ' ', mat tic pham vi dai, day hai ngan trang. (Do la boi
ha can tre, chit hoi ve gia, vi ghen tubng, ba do lam cho Ong oat
han, kho nao d"en not phai bo nh3 di roi cheat & dot dvvng).
Viet Van
CH CrNG I
THCYI- KY DLJ- BI
Nhieu ban tre vie"t thtr hoi toi : Ho:-sinh nen lam
aan-ngh kkong? Toi xin tra loi chung cac ban ay a
da"y.
Tdi nhan thy nhCrng ban hang-hai benh vi.rc quan
niem nen lam van-nghe du dtra ra ba 1y le :
Trong s6 hoc sinh cung co nhieu nghe-sin ma d^
la nghe si thi khong the khong viet cdxo'c.
Nhieu hoc-sinh yeu van-nghe, lam van-nghe
ma van chain,
On
64
THO'I KY MY BI
65.
dO datt ding th& van tir hOi x6-17 tu9i lai co nhfing
thac ma . .,. ban khoan noi vii giro sir, Wig huynh kliOng
dtro, c, va viet chi viet, la9n phan t i ll a trtx&ng van lain
trOn, bai van hoc dii ; chi khi nao co tat ca tilarng diau.
kien ay, can ban rneri nen via de' dang ba.o.
nhi:rng nguyen vong, ban khoan cUa chting tOi hOi cOn di
hoc hoac cua toan the quOc dan bay gier.
(I)
Xin cac ban dirng v6i hieu lam tOi. Trong cuein
Kim chi-nam clic( hpc-sinh tOi da khuyen cat: ban via nhieu,
rat nhiau, viet thu', viet nhat ky de luyen cay btit va ghi
nhfing ter ttrO. ng, tinh camcila minh. Vay tOi khong cheing
hin v&i quan niem cUa cac ban ; nhung tOi nghi chi khi
nao cac ban tin chic rang minh co tai nhtr Victor Hugo,
hoac it nh5t cfing nhtr Nh5t Linh, Xuan Dieu
ba nha.
THO'1 KY D
r BI
67
66
la t r nam de"n
r.0
luyen nhan-pham.
Nhan-cach con quan trong han tri thirc va ky-thuat,
a
cua Trung Hoa, hoc cua Phap, bit quan-nigm cua ho,
ding tic, hats het cac nha tho Viet-Nam d"eukhOng chiu
hpc them, nhieu ngtr&i chi bi"et d4 tram bai tha Viet, vai
chat bi tho r dich cua Trung Quoc, va ba b6n chuc bai
tho' Phap : nhu vay trach chi str sang tac cua ho chang
ngheo nan ve mgi phtro ng din ?
Va ban cung phai tim hieu cac loaf van khac, char
khong 1e vi chi lam tho' ma khong can bit ky-thuat
viet tieu- thuy"et, kith , . , .
Con ne"u ban mu6n viet nghi luan va phe binh thi toi
co the not ba"t ky mot tri thirc gi cua loci ngirOi cung
ich cho nghe cua ban. Nhan quang c6 rgng tbi ttr ttr&ng
mai cao va van m&i co than gia tri.
so
b6i, phong thity, ta cung thay day nhu ng l&i khuyen hoc
sinh phai tu nhan, tich dirc, nhat thie"t khong dtrgc
dung sir hieu bit ciia mirth vao vi8c ac.
than chinh bao gi& cung lira hoc sinh rat ky, chi truyen
bi thuat cho nhi ng mon do thong minh va c6 hanh d'
ho khoi hoac vo tinh hoc coy lam hi nhan loaf.
Tai phtrcrng Tay thi khac han : khoa hoc la khoa hoc,
luan-ly la luan-ly Khong mot cu6n Veit ly hoc hoac
H6a hoc nao khuyen ngtriri doc dirng dttng nhCrng chat
dec, nhirng thuOc no de thn-sat Ice khac. 13&i vay, loci
ngtr&i ngay nay m&i phai dieu dirng
ve chie"n tranh,
68
65
khOng cao. V5y muein tAp viet van, ta phai luy4n tatty hOn
yeu cii Chan, cai Thien, cal My :luyen ditc y c thi van
lo4i cal hoa diet vong vi chin tranh nguyen tit . (I)
Tinh than trong dirc duc
het . V5y thi trtrerc khi cam ay btit, ta nen tu luyen lay
nhan cacti da.
TOi khOng bap van nhan nao ciing phai la mot nha
d4o dire nhur KhOng - Platon Ca dau, hang ngtrOi
pham nhtr chting mink can nhieu tat lam, nhirng tOi nghl
rang mot righe phara phai nang cao tam h6n clOc gia,
gdi nhirng tinh cam cao thtreeng va doc nhirng tac ph.am
bat ha dOng tay tOi thay hau het deu do nhirng ngu.Cei
co tam h6n trir-tac.
-teri ky thu5t.
nap ca van clan mot ntrerc. Nhtr vac) thei Luc Trieu
MuOn hoc It9. thu5t viet van thi phai tap viet.
nhirng nha con ltru danh den ngay nay clan phai kitting
co ch8 trong sack va vai diem kha ai dAng lam prang ?
Van la bieu hieu cita tam hOn. Tam hon ti tien thi.
thu5t co kheo, van ciing chi co tinh cach treu xio, dieu
(I) Ta
au
khoa hoc
nguy^n
-nhirng dieu trong thay, nghe 614, va trong khi de), ran
,quen nhirng dieu da hoc trong sach.
Lai khuyen dO nen theo.
70
NGHE V19T
VAN
gib bac mtra phtn, nh& tn..t ntr&c xanh reu cua ho
Gteo, m, nh& con de tham tham cua s8ng Nhi, toi nan.
trong ghe ]thong bie"t lam gi cho vqi not burin, lien viet.
ky {rc,Toi khOng b6 citc, khong ggt deo,ma dau co mu6n.
got do, b6 cuc cftng khong bittt cach vi tOi chtra dtrgc:
dcc melt cu6n nau ve thuat vie"t van, Cir nh& dau la toi
chep do, c{r, nghi sao la toi vie"t vay, dung nhu phtrong,
phap ((van tong ttr thu4n cua nhom H6 Thich, nghia
THC7I KY DU BI 7t
y
nghe tieng dan tranh y ang ang du &i r4ng sao a
tren bo' ; nao nhCrng buoi chieu du ghe trong canh
dung Bac Lieu hay Rach Gia, nhin mkt tro'i do nhir
cuc than hong va I&n bang chic mini t;r tir ha xue"ng
mat dat menu mong phang Ii ; nao nhir.ng car_h am u
trong rung duac, rirng vet o Ca-mau, canh plibn thinh
cua tau dai, vtrOrn ttrac & Sa dec... nl:irng canh do,.
nhiing tinh do, What nhat toi deu ghi iii du.
Tom lai, toi da theo phtr^Yng phap cua Goncourt
ma khong hay va te)i tiring hau het cac nha van den tap
viet nhir vay : quen nhCrng dieu da hgc ma cir viet bira
luc nao khong hay, khi dat cay viet xu6ng, nhin len bar
cua minh.
khong chin, ma tap dime mot 15i van tir nhien, dc bit
thi ling x6m d^ lo' mo' sau lan strong mong. Say me vo
r
cting. Cam but ltic nao la tam hon toi rung dgng nhe
nhe itie iy, nhtr dtr(yc nghe mot ban nhac em dm, ban
nhac cua c6 hiro v ng- va di vang,. Sau bon nam thing, toi.
vie"t dtrgc sau tram trang giay dac.
Tap viet roi lai phai tap su'a : bit s&a van tirc la
biet vier van Nhtrng 1uc m&i dau, tap su a van m inh is
mot viec ratkhb, vi ta chua quen dung vao dia vi
khach de duyet lai van ta, cho Wen rat can co nguai khac
Nho a cach a"y, toi tha"y viet moi ngay m$t de ding..
chi bao
Het ky irc, toi viet nhit ky, ghi nhtrng dieu mat thy tai nghe trong khi lenh denh tren nhirng song mach
mien Hau Giang Nao nhirng dem trang rao rirc, thi
tan tam thi that 1a may cho ban ban khei mat thi gib' ma
de- thanh cong. Con nhu khong co thi ban co the then.
72
met lap ham thy day thuat vi'et van niitr trtrOng
Universelle hay trtrerng Sciences et Arts & Phi!, (1) GU()
sir 16p ham thy. ay c6 nhi8n co nhieu Kinl4 nghiem
ve ngh8 cam but, xet van rat sanh, ta co th tin ho.
Tuy nhien, met la vi 18 & devi khOng co gi tui#t dOi, hai
la vi Oc tham in ciaa moi ngtrei khOng the giOng nhau
trong cac khia canh, nhang Ong thay van d i ciing co khi
lam, Chang hat) Jesse Stuart trong cuein Vitt vi thich
hock vi tin ( Writing for love or for money) 1s8 chuyen
giao str met 16. p ham that no khuyen Ong dung viet tfeu
.
thuyet, nhtrng Ong cir via, va sau dtryc ba to bao O.
THOI KY DV 131
75
Viet van xu6i, to dtryc tkr do turn lam tho', Once' thOi
phOng viet mau, ma viet mau thi van co the tired
sang, song 16 , i thtrerng thira, y tlitr&ng lOang. Larti
tho.,
to b^ b#c
phai tim nhien each de piaci diet mot to phai lira
nhirrig tierg xic clang, du dtro'ng, rOi ciao len dao xttOng,
thay dOi, can nhac : sty cau thitc d6 se: dtra ta den nehe
thuat.
Phtr ng phap cit'a hai ban thi si do tat phai co
ket qua. Thy nhien, tOi e no khOng phii mot phirng
phip chung, thich hap y eti moi ngtreei : nhirng bah nao
khOng co khieu ve th y ma theo cach ay co the man that
vong ; va lai van van va van xtthi co ntaing quy tac khac
nhau xa cho nen Tang ClIng a 'Tung Quec viet CO van
Trai lai vai Goncourt, hai anh ban thi si chi cho
y
van thi
Tai sao lai tap lam tho rOi rthi tap viet van ? Theo
tirc nhtr de quen vai cong viec sira chfra, thOi sao. Lei
co ly.
.
(I) Met tigtrai Viet dit 1116 a Ba le lap ham thy bang Vit ngir day
viet van titArng hinh nhtr khOng thanh cong vi it ngtrO4 chju hoc
00) Tang Cling dfrng vao hang bat dai gia a Trung QuOc
ay, Jesse
74
Stuart cung bao : Thich cai gi ct:r viet cai do, roi ngu'o'i
THO'I KY D U' BI
75
tei 1ai tap thoi suy nghi, phe binh vA viet sao cho that
twang nen ban them vz van de lira chon but danh (2)
(1) Tuy nhien, vi d ch nhieu co van, toi da co mot th& mac tot dung
nhieu hr tir it cuoi cau.
. Thomas, nhieu
Nh& tong viec dich ay, toi hoc dtrgc rat nhieu va
hieu ro ttr twang cua cac tic gia ho'n trir&c : lam tau
doc qua ttr&ng la ro rang, den luc dich m&i thy co ch&
chtra tinh xac, de khien dc gia hieu lam. Khi dich, tei
ran tim nhfng tie"ng Vitt de din dung va khi viet toi
giir du'o'c tap quan ltra tieng, thanh thin ngoai cai lo'i
du'gc anh htr&ng cua nhieu danh si t&i phep hanh van,.
(2) Chic co ban' to mo muon biet phap dat bit dank cua mot so nba van
ten tuoi ?
Hoi xcra cac cu phan bit te:n ti r va ten hieu
Phep dat ten TU nhu r vay. Vi du tic gia cuon Phan dish Phung, ho
Dao ten Nhat. Trong Lua;i Ng& co can cua Khong T&: a Ng6 duo NHAT
di QUAN CIII (E3ao ta co mot moi ma gdm du ca c moi). Ong flao lay
hai chic QUAN CHI lam ten tq. Ha tha t' ten Quan chi thi ngtrai co hoc
nho nh& ngay t&i cia do rei don dwroc ten Ong la NhAt'
Bui Ky 1a" . r ten la U'u Thien vi trong T& truyen co
nguOi nuoc Kt' lo troi sop ( U'u Thien la lo tr&i ).
cdu
not rang
Hoang Tfch Chu lay ten Jo K %-' Thtrong (noi nba Thtrong). vi nba
Chu not nha Thuoang.
LO i dung ten tu ay co ve kin dao tao nba, nhur rg bay giir it ngtr&i
thfch vi chic Ha o khfisg cbn thinh hash.
xem tip trang 76
76
THOr1 KY D U BI
7p
th&i chit y ?
0, cai do thi ttty ban, ban co the dung but hi,eu la
Nhtrng toi xin din ky ban dieu nay . phai can thin,
can thin Iam lam, dirng de brit danh cua ta trung voi
la i co the lay ngay ten mot thi hao d&i co,chang han
Nam
clay i
ti p theo trong 75
M&i nam nao, doc tren mot tuan bao no & Sai-gon,
Ten HIE co hai cach dat. Hoac lay ten nii, song, ten tang, tong`
phi, tinh no . i minh !r n^ dat nhir Nguyen Khac Hieu que & Son Tay
no-i co nisi Tan song fla nen ong lay hieu Ia 'Tan Da.
Hogc thich cai gi thi lay cai dci dat ten, nhir Nguyen Binh Khiem
lay hiau la Bach via cr si (ong thich may trAng thick in dat), Phan
ChuTrinh lay ten la Hi Ma nghia la mong d ruc nhir Ma Chi Ni (Mazzini)
mot nha ^^ qu6c da co tong thong nhat Y fai Lo'i. Nt.rc cu'&i nhat la Le
Si
Choy, tic gia cuo"n Phe binh cao luau ky ten Thi"cu San, mr)t ten vo
nghia, c hl v1 hi nho thich mot kep hat tuong ten goi Thi"cu Son.
Nhirng cach dot ten for va ten higu do bat chu Crc Trung Hoa, con
bat charrc Phap thi co each bu't me ( anagramme ), Vi du T ran Khanh
Giu' t5c gia Nira Chirag Xuan ky ten Khii H rng, to la"y nh&ng mxu
t o' trong ten Khanh Giu ciao len dao xu6ng. (Nhirng tieing Viet khon g
co Citr) co le la DU' ma do"i la GIIY chang ?
CSch sau c li ng nay thi chic la cua minh : Nguyen Thor Le ky ten la
The Lir; The Lir Ia tieeng iii ca Thin Le,
On
79
Sr
t kich thich cita khOng khi a dO thi krn can cho
nhieu nha van de sang tic. NI& la cac nha ha, phai tra
ciru tai lieu trong cac thlr vien, nghe ngOng tin tire trong
cac quan ca phe, neu song tinh nhO, lam sao ho viet
dtro.c
Nhtrng neu tam nam, bay nam khgrig ra khOi chgn
CHU'aNG 11
(16 thi nao nhiet, ben tai ltic nao ding am am, trtrOrc mat
phai met mOi, ma cOng vice trir tac chang kern v8 luvng
idc nao ding nhgn nhip thi tam than ta tranh sao chang
hoc v pham ?
Nita van nen sang iy do thil&n hay & tinh nh6 ?
Khi tOi tn6. i len ngu O. Saigon, mot Ong ban ti'ep tOi
trong melt cira hang do Ong lam chit va di back tOi :
Len day anh khO ma viet Lich. HOi tOi H.T. tgi
can till' tic duvc, dg nay het hirng, m i nam chi lam
dtrcyc vai Deri song 6. day ban r' n-- qua ma cling
On-;;.o qua !
.
CY
day
ta co the tiny tien ra (16 thi tim tai lieu 6 . thu vien,
chuyen trb Val cac van 11 .5'u hay tinh toan cOng vice vaei
nha xt.at ban, ma tai van dtrg . c tiep xiic vOi thien nhien,
ng^nt dOng ltia, dOng nuO . c, nglie tieng sac), tieng chim.
Nghe Ong not tOi ttr nghi tai deei sgng O Saigon
nay thl it ma tad khOng khi trong cit' . a hang thi nhieu
Mic lam con toan sugt ngay, viet sao duvc aka ?
TOi nhO. Charles Braibant co not : Kitting khi thanh
Bale kich-thich, nhtrng no nhtr mgt thin thugc kim thach,
dung luem hoa quer'. lau thi khOng khi do lam ta kiet
ltyc. Ban ding bit rang nhtrng gia dinh lap nghiep 011a
l
Dmirc tan htthng cal thti va cai lai cita co tich tai
nhang ncri clO, ngu'On cam hirng ctia ta se clgi dao Ina
tam hiin ta cling dtrcyc ggt rira. Nha tho. Alfred de
Vigny not : Ve thi ca, ve triet IY, mgi nganh van
chtromg, neu chi co thi gia de suy nghi rgi viet thi la
hOng, Ong mugn khuyen ta phai mo mgng mgt cai gi
80
81
cao dcp cho ttr tir&ng dtrcc kho'ang chat, van tir dtro a c-
bat tien la nhung sach cung mot loai thur o'ng khong
cung mot kho, thanh thin cting mot ngan ma co cuon
u
Ban vi cho lam viirc thi trong phon.g nen co mat
ghe xfch du, luc nao moi hang ta co the nam trong ghe"
ma suy nghi, doc sach hay viet thao. Nhieu nha bac
n.t
Phe binh. Tay but (Sap theo chCr cal ctia dau de)
Nn lam hai the cho moi cu6n, mot the sap theo
tan tac-gia, mat the sap theo mon loci, va ]am ngay
5. S& ky
Triet ly
Phe binh, Tay but, T6n giao chung mot ngan vo a i Trie"t.
83
ta ding phai ghi ten sach theo trong loai vAo met
cu6n so nhtr dtr&i day.
What
S
sach
I
Ten I
Nha xuat-bAn `i" quan-trong
Ten sach
Nam xuSt-bin
tac-gia
trong sach
2
Tien
chi!
Nga'y
Igy ra
NI6t s6 nhtr Victor Hugo va nhat la Gustave Flaubert viet deu deu nhtr mot thu ky, cir sang tam, chin
gier la ngOi viet tai mtreri, rntreri chieu cling
.
co nhirng gi& nhat dinh Ht!rng tai hay khOng ding mac,
den gi& IA cam ce viet, nhtr 4meit con trau keo cay.
Flaubert, met nha van co nghi-Ikrc phi-thtr&ng,
khuyen ta :
Dirng not Lew niiy ted viet khOng duvc, dau
rt-Ing. Khi neto ngbi hat khOng tix no di thi
tdi tr Ong
phdi bdt no di . Ngu b i ta ca. tu4ng-tuirng rang bat buOc
tic gii.
84
85
van khong vier thi ^c cling it khi dtr^'c nghi, luon luon
bi dau de am anh, cA trong bia ari, giac ngu. Thi ltrc
prang dtn nhtr Balzac, lai & mot kht hau mat ma nao
co vie"t qua cai so gi& do moi ngay 1
Cach lam viec do, dac ltrc nhat va co le" it phi sirC
Theo toi, cuoc song strong nhat cho nha van la m6i
nom du gc du lick bon, nom thong, vita di cho'i vira suy
nhat.
hai nha
nghi, nhan xet tim d^ tai, roi ve do thi tham ban be, nha
xuat ban,tra ciru tai thtr vign, sau he"t kiem no e i tinh mich
von vat du ngu, tieng dong du tat. Hai van si ban than
gi&.
Nhtrng
On
nhtr
viee't trong nom, sou thing, moi ngay viet coo bon, nom
ca toi du 1ay dern lam ngay va t6i nao cung uo"ng tra
Tat nhien, phai vao hang Ong hoang tren van clan
Au, 1VIy mbi co the song mot cuoc d&i phong ltru an
On
khong co mot nghe thin nhi thi dau cam co viet snot
cling nhAn la phai sap dot lam sao cho co the lam viec
lien tip ba, bon gi&; nett mcri viet do mot gi& lai pl it
phAi 10 goo tirng ngay. Nhtr the", y lam sao ma cao ky,
Mgt
mtrcri, mu o i
Neu viet dt u d"eu suot nom thi moi ngay nom, sou
gi& d^ Ea nhieu lam vi, nhtr toi da noi, nhlrng ]tic nha
nom, mcii ngay bay, tam gi&, clang khong du song, cir
van lam sao ma gia gian ? Van s1r chi do nghco !
Xin ban nghe 1&i Charles Braibant khuyen cAc
van si :
87
Charles Peguy than : Toi dau then, can nghi hai thing.
phai lam no 1e cho phu dung tien ttr, phai mai mist
Nhtrng nu toi nghi thi mut eai da vi"et Dau xot china?
trong cac xom binh khang, phai nhtr thee' thi hirng m&i
tci, m&i co the sang tic dirgo c, m&i ding mang cai danh
hieu nghe si. Phong trio ay lan khap no r i, tham chi t&i
Vu Ngoc Phan, mot nha van dirng clan cling con benh
vtrc ho
nhtrng toi khuyen ban mat thi rn"at, ban cling phai
nghi, mac d"au toi biet rang, viet dsrcrng co da ma phai
ngtrng hang thing thi btrc lam, va khi vie"t ti p, da
kho nhoc, lai kern hay. Ban can phai nghi de tranh khoi
the"t so'm ; eon nhtr muo"n tranh dau thi hay nghe
Dumas-con khuyen : (i)
xin xet chi lai cua nha van. Theo toi, chtra chat da can
Dtr6,i hai chuc tuoi dieng ga"n dan ba, ngoai ttrtua"n c ling nen xa ho )>
Cha, Ong lao do that is ky ltrang qua, tlir de"n
ngoai bay chic cling la phai 1
Da co mot th&i, nhieu van nhan ntrac nha ca tong
sir tray 1ac, ho hao rang phai an chai, phai bo"c dbng,
(1) Hai cha con ho Dumas cling i3 Alexandre, de"u vieet vnn, Wen.
ngvoi to phai phan bit Dumas-cha vid Dumas-con.
tien thi nha van tat mau chet, vg con tat dieu c irng,
van nghiep chi nira vii. Ngoai ra chic ban da bit, tai
cac dtr&ng during & Shigon luc nay, Lien phong mOi
ngay 1a tram run&i, nu ke ca tizn an, tien thuo"c, tien
cong cho bac si thi t&i nam tram' Ruot tam kia g& ra
may tuan m&i dtrgc so tien ay ?
May nam trtro'c, m$t thi-si co danh tuyen bo tren
mot tuan bao rang mot van nghe si chi dtro'c song bang
.88
89
dOng kich, chep ban nhac, Ong thi lain lust str hay tu'
chirc, cong chirc, lai c6 Ong lam.., co dao.
phai hoan town chung thUy v&i nang Van hoac nang
Tha. Ntrc ctrOi thay, met quan niem by sinh den mtrc
ca. Ban co the lam them met nghe thtr nhi, tOi can
muan khuyen ban nen lam them met nghe this . nhi ti&a.
Met anh ban tOi doc lai tuyen b6 ay, biu mOi
Tai khOng hieu tai sao nha thced6 lai nhi the ?
tinh than cita ban ; khi con nheo nh6c, l eo vi tai bfra
nang Thu dtrOi moi hinh thirc cho met vii ke giatt
Phai lam chit, neu bac) rang phai sang ve nghe van
nett n6 dOi h6i ban nhieu cong sire, thi gi& va khOng c6
e cay bUt thi tOi lai khuyen 136 cai nghe phu ay di
Ong thi
(I) May nghe phu doi hai to it cong sire, thi giv va
90
9I
nghi hrc, chi phan dau thi toi cang ghet them ; tuy nhien
nu duac lam mpt vien bao thu van kha trong mat thtr
vien nhtr Sainte Beuve, A. France t'ii c6 lgi cho nghe
viet van,ta se thu thap dtrcyc nhieu tai lieu de soan sach.
but.
Khuong Viet neu khong lam & Thtr viers Nam Viet chic
Thin Giang khuyen lira mot nghe tay chin. Nha
van may c6 hi lam the sap char, co dao cuoc chat lam
vtr6,n. Htr Chu, lue nao ranh vie"t thi cam ngay cai duc,
khong viet dtrac cuon Ton Thy Ttr&ng va hen Le" Ngoc
Tru cling nha lam & s& ay ma de soan bq Chdnh td
Viet ngir.
Khong lam & thtr vien tlii nen lu'a nghe gi lam nghe
phu ? Di buon ? M& nha xuat ban hay lap tiem ban
sach ? Dmyc day ! D6 la nhirng nghe
nghe viet van. Song, toi xin ban coi chirng : mot khi
l
am ong chi tizm, chtra chic ban co the quyet giO sao
cho cay but cua ban se khong bi nhe bong & dau can
Thi nay, ban co dam chat se du nghi ltrc tir chi khong
ti p khach hang trong khi hirng dQt ngat t&i khong?
Lam chu, ban phai trong nom moi viec, ban se bin ron
lam, kho con thi gi& de' viet va cal nghe ma ban m&i
dau cho no la phu se mau thanh nghe chanh mat.
Tir khi toi lam nghe dy (nghe" giao str ), dO i tai rcpt
dieu hba : rnot tay tai span bai, mot tay tOi vie"t sack,
92
Sau khi cam cui trentrang sach bui ham, chic thi nhO
net thi m&, ma dtrqc nhin nu ctriy i hOn nhien, cap mat
long lanh cit'a thanh nien ; sau khi tip suc vii ttr ttrO-ng
nghiem trang cita ngtreri xua ma dtrqc nghe nhiing tr&c
vong, tam sq cita ban tre thi con chi ma tam hOn ta
chang vui y e, nhe nhang ? Rieng nghe vieet van da lam
ta sty me, lai them nghe day hoc, mot nghe ma cac hien
CIIITCYNG
thfch.
Tv-twang luOn-luOn la tutu c^nh cua nh^ vein.
ALAIN
Mai ttr khoing Intrdi lam tam nay, mtt s6 nlia van
ctla ta dirng len ho hao &at van-de nguyen tic cho van
hoc. Trtrerc het co le IA bang Thai Mai trong cu6n Vain
hoc khcii luOn, rbi Uri Trieu Sty li trong cu6n Con acting
van nghe m&i, On day them tic gia cu6n ticin nghe nhdn
din IA Hoang COng Khanh. 06 IA chi We nlifing tAy
but
in thanh sach, con nhfing bai dai, ngan clang tren bao
95
a
. Neu dai chti.ng duo ng hang hai tin to'i thi van
dai chting that lui thi sao ? Van nghe cung phai thoai b
cho thich h . p v&i tinh than dai chung tr ? Sau vit that
dong chi me nhirng thu thap kern, chi dcc nhEng truyen
kie"m hip thi nha van ding phai thich hq'p v&i tam trang
db tr ? E^ la chM h& cua Trieu ScvnLai nhtr Hoang Cong Khanh viet ba chtroeng de" ban
ve ky thuat va not dung. M&i du Ong bao
Noi dung hay, ky thudt kern thl chi giam gia tri
di thoi. Vi nhw nw&c ngon, the ngpt dtrng vao cai bat
dan vdy. NO chi b&t ngon di phOn nao thai >,
(Trang 56)
D nhan ky thuat rat quan trong de dien dat not
dung thi it nhat cung phai vi npi dung v&i tra, ky thti t
v&i ntv&c de nau, nhw v3y m&i dung v&i sr ttrcrng quan
cua hai cai do ; chir vi ky thu4t v&i cai bat clan thi sai
lam: Cai bat dan, nu rira Bach, khong he lam cho ntr&c
b&t ngon, tru phi ngtr&i to ttr&ng tu'gng.
CM khac Ong tai vie"t :
96
tin rang cai gi hap veri le phai, r5 rang thi khOng can
phai chirng minh nhieu, phan dOng se cam thly ma neu
c6 ke nao khOng cam thy thi ciIng kitting the bien
thuyet cho he cam duvc.
V5y tei xin d5t lai van
Nei dung va hinh thirc, cal nao quan trong ?
Hinh thirc hbi nay nen ra sao ?
Ted nh5n veri D5ng Thai Mai rang nei dung quy
97
dinh hinh thirc, chic khOng phai hinh thirc quyet dinh
nei dung Le
tinh cam trong lOng, y tu4ng trong dau rOi mini nglar
tai viec phe dien va tim mOt bitt phip, nhang ti'eng
thich ding.
Nhtrng nOi v5y khOng phai la hlnh thirc khOng quan
trong, no cfing quan trong nhtr n6i dung. Co nhieu
R6i cuec doc han hai trang 1u5n thuyet cilia Ong, t8i
chAng biet Ong mu6n nOi gi, hic Ong bio hinh thirc rat
vai hang ciing da phai b6, thi nei dung c6 hay cOng ve,
quan trong, ltic Ong lai cho no chi CO cong dung to diem
ma thed
Doc van hoc sir cac mr&c, to thy tir trtr&c tei nay
y
tic pbam nao duac luu truy en air g c6 gia tri ca e hinh
thin lan nei dung.
98
trong han thi toi cho 1a lam mot viec khong the dtrgc.
Cai d^ con ttty moi th&i, moi ngtr&i. Chang qua, khi
van trao qua duy my, cac van nhan chi chi-- trong d.e"n
hinh thtrc ma not dung hoa d6i bi thi co nhi ng ngtr&i
phan dong lai, de cao not dung 1en ; ngiroec lai, neu
99
van trao tai dao n (z) den ctrc do, hinh th&c bi coi
thtrang thi lai co ngtr&i benh vtxc, ca tong no. Vay chu
a
trtroa ng hinh thtrc quan trong ho n not dung hay ngt.rgc
i i, deu Ia thy moi th&i va deu h[ u ich trong mot hoan
canh nao do, char khong the 1a than ly tuygt d6i dtxo'c.
Hinh thirc th&i nao cung phai dep, nhurng quan
niem v"e dep moi th&i mot thay di' Hoi xtra cac cu cho
d6i chink, din nhieu, cau ky, du dtrong la dep, va m&i
Wily chuc nam trtr&c, ngur&i ta con thich ngam nhfrng
cau ma ve tren co Manh, Lu , ve" dtxoi Hoa, Na (2) choi
nhau dom d6p Bay gi& thi chang rieng gi ntr&c ta,
khap the" gi&i du muon van phai binh di, ttr nhien
sang sua.
Da danh tir hi i xtra, nhirng d(rc vira ke da durgc
nhi"eu nh'a van benh vtxc ( & Trung Hoa co Dao Tiem,
.(I) Nghia Ia
ch& dao ,,. Han hn chu Truo ng K van ate ch& dao
cung nhu bay gi& ta not de tuyen truye"n dao It de thong lai voi
ta phong duy my di So i) r^ -ng.
^(3) Montaigne viet : r Giong ma toi u'a Ia giong binh dj va thank thtrc
not ra sao thi vit lam vay .
t
Pascal bao
Khi ngirai ta that' giong van tir nhien, ngtrai ta
v&a rat egac nhien, vira thich thu vi tutlrng gop mot tac gia thi Jai
gap mqt ngrr&i s.
100
nhiing xtic cam mfri, da hang hai xay dung met 16i yam
mai : 16i ta chan (ding goi la hien thirc).
Sau het, ve n$i dung toi ttr&ng nha van th&i nao
ung phai phung sty cai Chan, cai
lam ta,.
sa le hoac bat ctreri thi can chi phai tim de tai thei
.
co hoac trong ttr&ng - ttrang ni?a, cir nhan xet O chungXi hei hang ngay day nhfrng truyen ly
quanh ta vai tam long thong cam, 161 ghi chep lad cho
dting la tim dtro:c con &rang se tai cua nhan loci vat lain
cam deng dtro. c ngtreri doc, huang dan dtryc quan chting..
101
thucit hang bin hay van chtro'ng chi co m5i mot nguy^n...
nhdn la sir thanh thirc hoan toan.
ga thi cai dc; phcii din nhiing guy& tin chdn thank nhdt
ta cir tuy tai ltyc cua ta, lam dtryc phan nao thi lam,
trach.
Trong met bai clang tan tuan bao Thank nghi,
. Dinh Gia Trinh viet
Nha van, nha tho' viet mot tdc pliant ta nem vao
dai niza-ng tir tithng, tinh tinh, nhirng rung
&Ong. Trong cai be nguu i, nhirng tir tithng dd se
truy g nlan di, gqp sly tan thank ctia mot soo tam hOn xa
lq ; nhiing tinh tinh, nizirng rung dqng din td trong
thi ea ( . .) cling se lam thirc tinh dqy o lbng ngtrai
rthErngtinh tinh tuu ng tcy.
102
chin anh htr&ng lit sau nay cUa Pham Tran, mot tic gii.
Trung Hoa sang trtr&c Ong mOt ngan sau tram nam :
TiM
Than d6i veri hinh nhtr sir sic ben d6i veri con dao ;.
chtra nghe not dao mat ma sic ben con, hi hinh mat
ma than cOn dtro.c
COng viec dau tien va quan trong nh5t ctia nha van
Anh lure. ng ctia van sau xa nhtr tray nen tOi nghi
trich nhiem cua nha van ding so: va khOng co nha
la tim y. Tim cach nao ? TOi xin 15y mat thi du cu the
Cho de hieu.
dam qua quyet rang ltrcrng tam hall toan trang tOi va
Chang ban chtIng ta muOn viet mOt cu6n sich ve
thi Wing hieu lam sao lai co nhiing ke hang hid cam
but de ca nggi nhung cal ti tien cita con ngtrei ho5c
104
cua moi thin dat, roi nghien ciru ve phan bon, Ong cu,
sirc sin xuat, cach de phong cac thien tai, trir cac loci
lam hi lua, ve viec trir lua, ban lua... ; ne"u ta lai doc
c'ac s'ach, bio v6 nghe nong & nrr&c minh va ntr&c ngtrai,
vira doc vira so s'anh, suy nghi, tim nhung nguyen nhan
ve str 1ac hau cua nong nghiep ntr&c nha cung nhfrng
giai phap d cai thien no ; sau cung ne"u ta lai dick than
ihcnh cOng, t6i dI chi nht ng cach nhAn xet, roc sach,
ti m va ghi tai lieu, & day chi xin nhac lai vi y chlnh.
Trong khi nh4n xet, phal c6
mot
chtrang trinh
thi nghiem nhCrng cai cach do, chep nhurng ke"t qua; tom
chang han nhtr khi di dtrang thi d'e y tai nhfrng cat:
lai, neu ta chiu lam ba cong viec nay: nhan xet, doc sach
slung lam tai lieu vie"t sach. Nhieu ti"eu thuye"t gia then
vi0c cua
xau ho, phai h6i han, bb nghe bat prang cua A. Ong lai
,tqc ac den mire yeu cau vi Th6ng dc cdao do duoi a ve
106
TIM Y
lot
thi vui ve, ttr tin ban moi ngay. A ng6 cac ngtreri dark
Ong, khinh bi bac.
'roan 1a d6 heo
I08
TIM Y
1 09!
cui tren nhixng cuon sach cua Thtr vin quoc gia Phap..
ta, va-nh& doc sach ma do' mat cling kie"m lai nhirng
Trong khi long nhu say me, tay ghi chip hoc
ng w
?na
toi chdng
Bach.
-da"uoc.
Ta nn biet, du nghien ciru suot d&i cung kh6ng
sao kiem du he"t nhirng tai lieu, co, kim, dong, tay ve
mqt van de. Vey kie"m dirge nhirng sach nao, hay doc
Michelet, mot sir gia khac, giau ttro & ng ttrong han,,
da viet mot trang bat hu :
,nhirng sach d6 vA mot khi doc het rbi thi c6 the vie"t
Toi nh&n tha"y ngay rang trong sir tinh mich be"
ngay. T6i c6n mu6n khuyen ban phdi viet ngay nCra :
ne"u chtro'ng nao con thie"u tai lieu thi c& bo trang, sari
the't. Nhirng
khi viet phi nghi@n circa lai tir du. Va 1ai c6 nhir the',
doi song lai. Nhirng gidy to' a"y khong phdi la gidy to'
gidy
xl xao
sach da vie"t gan xong, chi con thie"u it chtro a ng, ban
dan tgc. ?Id ^'i da"u la nhtt'ng gia tgc, nhirng thdi a"p day
Doc sach dee tim tai lieu 1a nhiI ng luc vui nhat crong
cling viec cua nha van; vui c6 phan khong kern cai vui
hay chwoa ng trong bui bgm, ken nai ngrxo'i ta nhac nho^
tai. Nhfrng tinh da not day, vin le chinh sack trung
NGFIL Vl g T VAN
110
'Tfm Y
ghi ngay len twang cho kh6i quer:, MOt thi nhan khic.
Ly Ha dey i Duang, lam lam deo mot ttii gam, he nghi
&vac cau fiat), chip ngay, 136 vao
Dwight L, Moody, mot nha thuyet gi^o not danh
Mc, m'ai Ian bra dtrcyc mot dau de nao thi viet len
mot bao thtr 16/n, r6i khi doc sach gap mOt tat lieu hap
.
v6 i dau hoac khi dao mat tim dtro c mot y, 6ng
chip ngay len mot mieng giay nhO, b6 vao bao Cur. Bao
III
loai nay)
truac khi viet con phai chop lai kyr ItreYng triLi )"r, r6i
liya chon, sap d4t. Neu sach lA mct 1:10 khao ant quan
m0 chi, thtr tir aim ttr nhan, c6ng van, niu.c htc
Ban nen nha nhii . ng guy tAc sau nay khi via len
the :
.
m6i the chi dtro c ghi nhirng y thuOc ve mat
dau de,
-- chi nen chip len mot mat the, mat kia de trAng
112
TIM Y
11 3
thtr vin litc ht sack nay de"n sach khac, trong hang
dung, ghi xuat xir, 1aong vao trong da"u ngoac kip de khi
dpc lai, khoi lam v&i nhirng cau t6m tat hoc l&i phi
chinh phi trong Chinh phtz ngdm sinh trtr&ng & du, tiers
chong a nor i nao, cur&i dtrac bao nam thi chong phai
di thu ; hoc S& Khanh quit ngtra truy phong luc nao,
thing hoc mqt thing sau, binh tinh xet lai, ta m&i
ti t
do,
ai cung ran khoe minh hoc ring, hi$u sau. Thtrc unng
di, y nao ban china tin chic cung b6 di, dirng thaw tic.
&
Nen kiem soat, tir phi binh va nho ban than ph8
binh khi mu6n phat bieu mot y kie"n hoei la. Darwin khi
son cu6n ($an ve nguon goc cac loci vat d^ bo ra miro&i
lam nam d''e tir chi trich ly thuyee't cua minh, down d6cgia
lai
het ca tam tri ra co" chirng minh va gin co cal cho duct
rang Ho Xuan Htrang chang han, kh8ng phai la mot
ngtr&i that, ma van tho ky ten ba la cua cac thtr sinh &
Thing Long, hoac cua cac co gai qu@ Ni Due ; rang
truyen Kieu khOng phAi cua Nguyen Du vift ma ctia
di
toan the giai c"ap nong din Viet Nam th&i cu6i L6,dau
114
CHU'CiNG V
V I IT
To! chi vlet de ngver i kh6c d9c 191
A. GIDE
Tai co cbn bl6t cach Ong viii t th6
n^o dau, chi an biel' t 6ng viet c6
NGH)3 V1 .T VAI't+
t16
viET
bit du con scat nhg vay. Luc do ta suy nghi rat man
ti p, y thao thao bat tuyet ma lai cir theo y tuon ra,
Flaubert bat chap hirng, khi cay but khong chju din
,
ta hang h'ai vi9t mc^t hai hang chuc trang mot cach de.
:Ong bat no di, y nhtr mOt nong phtt bat Cott tract phs1
ti"en. Ong cam Maupassant not : Ltic nay, toi khong
Thirc vay, hung nhj,eu khi gat ta. Ta s8i not theo
-_no, Chang suy nghi gi hit, tlr&ng y nao cling hay, l&i
nao cling dgp, chep ca len gia"y ; d6n luc binh tinh doc
lai m&i m&i thay phi xoa bo di gia nira. Cho nen khi
t&i*. Thi si Baudelaire bao t cong viec hang ngay g ;.up Cho,
hung!) la nghia vay.
118
nao ngOi but di de clang qua thi... nen coi chirng : phii
.
VIgT
119
.
ra trong Oc rOi siva di siva lai, them doan nay, 136 t doan
khac, dio len data xu6ng, got Oita trong cau, Theo
lam mot bai thxy hoc viet mOt bai van ngin thi co the
120
if
` t
NGH. VI9TVAN
dai ma suy nghi trtr&c cho that chin, khong d'e co mot
doc chum va 1&n tie"ng, cung thay ngay dtrryc 16i. Luc d^
net but nio v8 ich thi lau lam, chic khong mau nhtr ong
ta sira bang tai, Ta khong phan tich ntta, chi duttg trtrc
nay nghi
don
jai ngirng, nem cay brit long ng$ng vdo cal main dung
but roi dtra cao to' giay len, lay gigng doc. C'ac ctt ta h6i
cu6n du, t6i nghi san moi cau trong 6c, doc tham no
tha"y xuoi tai roi m&i ngoi day chep ; nhtrng sau thay
nhtr v4y cling met, phai nh& tirng y, tirrig tieng va sira
trong tlau kh6ng tien bang sira tren giay ; nen tai thay
doi phur o'ng phap, nghi dtrgc y gi la chep ngay, de cu
luc ta gin nhtr d^ quen han dau de roi hay d9c lai, thi
the h6a ttr ttr&ng cho de trong thay roi sira china sau.
be ta m&i co the ttr xet van ta mot cach sang suo"t nhtr
xet van ngtro4.
Tat nhien toi phi t6n cong chep ban thao hai ba lan
m&i hoan thanh vi phai gach xoa, them bat nhieu, song
tai nghi, khSng vi v4y ma lai kern gay gon, sach thieeu
khi qua nghiem khac v&i minh, mA khong bit"t gia tri
ang tac pham Nhirng ngay cu6i cling cua thanh Porn-
van hao da cc mot ngrr&i ban than lam co" van: tai lam
^tho cua Racine cao horn tai cua Boileau ma Boileau
VIET
122
123
hoai bac) ttr ttrerng dta minh, thi la met not vui rat 116,n.
Nhieu nha van da ran phan tich cal vui Ay, La lung
nhAt la nh&ng doan sau nay ma tic gia vi can vui sang
tac vii can vui nhuc duc, met cai hoan toan thuec
ti
thOng minh. Khi btrerc vao nghe cam btit, ban nen rant
ki m met ngtrOi c6 du hai dirt -ay.
Nhtrng xin ban dirng quen rang ngoai ch'6 than finial
y
ra, ch6& bat ngtthi khac lam hai cai cit hinh la phe
va sira van cho ban. Met thi si ma tOi quen, vigt xong
ca
ham dtro c khen, the" thOi, chfr chang vi mu6n siva thavan gi ca.
A , de Vigny viet i
tam
Doc cau
cila met thi si bi
ai ma kh'Ong nh&
1-.124
VIET
125
ang, kh$ng con suy nghi tutee rif a, tinh than nhtr kiot
di.
Va day ta nghe Philippe Soupault than th& :
Khi ngu o a i to dem a"n cao lai cho toi sira (I) la not
dau kho > cua toi t&i. Toi cdt bat, keo dai,
deo, got roi xe
H.
laubert. Trong
nhiing b&c thtr cho Louise Colet, luon luOn ta tha"y
giong ren ri nhtr mot ngtr&i bi ct.rc hinh :
Toi can rrrt, toi ngu , a ))gay kho chiu. TOu thuyit
cua toi kho vier qua)>
Lan khac
Truyen Bovary tie"n chdm mt tua"n dtro r c hai
trang
Toi da sii'a china, chip lai, thay di nhtrng
trang trong cu6n do (cuon Bovary) nhie"u t&i not
(1) Cac ky gii thurang vit vti len guy, diva cho "an cong sap ehir
roi mai sira tren an cao.
VIET
126
127
tai sao dOi khi ccinh tay tdi killing rung Wild than
Hai ban thi si cita tOi ding nhan vay. 13ai thcr nao
Trong nheng hang 1y, chic Ong kh8ng nOi ngoa cho
Ong met thi chic xong chro c mot call, Ong thdy
yang mink xuOng ghe trong ky ma net
co- the rd
thiep di .
ng bat
Artrac : nhtrng chi it lau, roi lai dam ghat, khOng bun
What t&i nea.
Ong
dtrcyc mot vii tat cila nO, rOi Iii phii met Oc sira china,
xOa xOa, bOi bOi.
Loal vat, khi mai sanh con, cung nO, by sinh
tiie bac)
Kho nhtr vay, nen nha van nao m8i khi viet xong
ye
inOt tic pain ding dat but xueing, th& phao ra, khoan
:mot minh thi me con khong cOn chilt tinh gi vii nhau
Tinh cua nha van d6i vii nheng diva con tinh than
cua minh phii nha vay thing ?
tinh than cila nha van. Chi ly thay ! phai holi thai no
hang thing, hang nam trong lac dO, di diu, lam viec
gi ciing nghi t&i nO, rOi khi de no ra thi vira khO ma viva
suing.
the nha van rthi sang tae them dtroc nea ; nEti c4- (leo
bang mai vii tic pham cu thi se coi di coi lai hoai, sira
Nhtrng tinh cua nha van d61 vii dira con tinh
tai sira lui hoai ma cai viec sira van, bit the nao IA
:xong ? cai viec thtr&ng van, biet the nao la toan bich ?
kj, .
128
V1ET
129
Xet ve viet van thi khong the quen van de ciao van.
cua ngtr&i d'e soan lai mot cu6n sach, miro n c6t truyen
de phbng tic, dich ma khong xin phep tic gia, du 1^.
dao van.
Mot to' bao khac to" cao rang y da c6p d ying mot ticu
thuye"t cua Potoki, nhan d"e 1a Alphonse Van Werden.
thu) e"t y dang rat 1"ang man, nen dc gia rat hoan nghenh.
luon luon phai bbithtr&ng cho tic gia mot s6 tin, c&
khi rat 1&n. Ban chac chu a quen vii mot nha bao no to
no thu thanh mot ban nhac ma chang xin phep nhac sT.
khong them cai lai, than nhien clang doan n6i va tir do
truyen Le val funeste dtrae ngtr&i ta gieu la Le vol
liet va thuc gitic vie"t tip cho mau. Ong chira vie"t xong
cua to' bao kia c6 sin cu6n tieu thuyet d6 trorg tay,
cua Ong, hoi ha vie"t not de boi nho hai nhan v^it chinh
y
trong truyen mot caeh tan nhan. Ong vi ang viet cho
hit phan nhi va phan nay durgc hoan nghenh cbn hon
phan trtr&c. Thanh thir k^ no rnuo"n hai ong ma rot cuoc
lam cho danh sing cang not len nhtr con'
Can nhat c6 le" khng ai bang anh chang trong cah
chuyen dtr&i day,
>,
bi bat qua
Ta nen phan biet dao van va bat chu &c van. Bat
chit&c la mu u an y cua ngtr&i khac roi suy nghi them, xe"p
dat lai, dien mot each khac. Trong gi&i van nhan,
nga&i ta thtr&ng cong nhan y la cua chung, lai m&i la
cua rieng. Goethe, mot di van hao cua Dirc da n6i
Ngey nay chung to khong the nao con tim ra dtxo'c mot
tinh trang nao m&i me nira. Chung ta chi c6 the m&i
nu cho la m&io cai each th&c, cai nghe thuAt ph
131
din ma thOi. Tity Vien, nit thi hao dai Thanh ding
130
.
luOn luOn c6 nhiing tinh trang mbi chit ! Nhtrng qua
CO tac gia muto'n mot cOt truyen (3'e' bac mot Juan
nhtr Htr Chu d5 bac) : o ( ..) nett ban khOng phai la mot
Minh hOi tien chien ? Nhat Linh viet cuOn Doan Tuyet
d'8 chit
cat dirt nhang lien lac veri dai gia dinh.
Nguy&n COng Hoan dicing lai chit trvc ng dO, xay dung
rat thtrerng.
Machiavel rntro n Plutarque ; Shakespeare
dich nhi'eu cau ctia Montaigne ; Moliere, V. Hugo,
Nguyen Du... deu (la mu n y ctta ngtrai xtra ma Van la
Ngtreri ta can khuyen
nhang thi hao, van hao bat
ai dam bac) cic
chting ta nen hoc each mtrom van
nhirng thien tai do nfra.
vi ay la dao van ?
Tuy nhien khi intro . n van, ban nen nher di8u nay
la mtlyn ciaa ngtrai xtra thi khOng dang trach, can
muvn cua me,a nha van dtrang theri thi van bi thien ha
the bal.
Edmond Rostand rnOt nha soan kich dai tai cita
.
tac gia nhang v6 Aiglon, Chantecler intro n y trong
va Ong hoeing Icii buOn CornevalectIa mot ngtrai throng
theri la Eberly Gross ma trtthc tic v& Cyrano de Bergerac.
Gross ben di kien, Edmond. Rostand thua, v& Cyrano de
eti dai gia dinh. Tty ltyc van doan thay the, cOng kich
WIET
1 33
Toi khong bitt ong chu but nq trinh bay bai bao
cua 8ng ta sao, nhtrng tai bitt van sr not danh ma
-vie"t nhtr ma lem. Chang han Honor e de $alzac, mot
,
thien tai lam ve vang cho nixirc Phap, ngoAy tit tren ban
;giap, dtra cho an cong sap chit, va vo mot ban cho Ong;
ong sira ngay tren ban d6 r61 ling cho the sap lai,
v6 lai rui dwa ong aira tai, nhtr v4y hi ba 1$n, (i) ma
Zan nao tho, cung th& dai, lac dau vi Ong vift da xau,
CHUGNG VI
alai b6i m6c nhieu qua de"n nai an cao thanh mot
h a bola, chang chit nhirng net doc, net ngang, net xoa,
net ngoac, b2 n nam ng r&i thg xum
lai
d9c, toat mo
Toi chtra c6 dip coi ban thao cua Duo Trinh Nhat
nq da nhan cac ban van g&i bai dang, dai y nhtr vay
:nhtrng thi con girt mat birc thin cua Ong g&i cho t&i
Xin cac ban nh& ky cho : vi"et tren mot mat giay,,
:khoang root nam trtr&c khi Ong mat: Ong viet thau quit
= Chong thanh chit, toi chi cOn down chit l h8ng d9c noi,
Thu r cho mot ngu&i la tOi chtra tirng gap mot 611g--
pham cau tha khong the la mot cay but c6 gia tri.
ina con vAy thi ban thao dtra cho thq in tat ra sao
dan.
Doc xong, toi mim ctr&i, nh6, lai l&i cac btrc sir phtr.
ngirO i ta lai than phuc la khac, than phttc rang vier than
Chit vie"t nhtr ga b&i the kia thi tao truyen d&i
cho may, sau nay khong sao mo & mat dtrac, nghe chtra ?na
(I) O' ntr&c ta khong In tong nao chju nhu' vay vA hion nay (1968)
ihieu nhii in khong cho tac gia se r a I i an co nira vt kh o ng c6 nguvi d^
^c ai vat
134
ea' e3i giong clan anh ctia Ong chit blit not tren, song
tOi nhen bAi hoc cea Ong rat nen theo.
Doc met cudn sach cita My day each viet bio, tOi
cang thay nha van ntreec mink chtra biet chti trong den:
each trinh bay bin thao. DU IA viet met bai de clang hao,
dAi nam, sau trang, ngtrei My cling trinh bay cemg phut
trong thi trang nao cling dinh may rat sach, nh&ng
vi
rat it bin thio chip tay. 6" ntrac tninh thi hau het cac
nha van phii viet tay.
khi chip hai Ian, ban nen xen met to giay than (nen
lira thin giay than de viet, dirng dUng thir de &nit
may) vao gifia hai tee giay meng et:A dung met ngei via
cirng ma viet hai manh tay.
ngoai la cai bia, tren do c6 ghi nhan de, ten tic gii,
g&i cho bio nao, each tri tin ra sao, tai lieu lay 6.-
139
Neu danh may thi ran kiem cho dtrac met cal may
danh tieng Viet, de sau khi phii lam them met viee
rat chin la be d'au. Dinh it nhat Ia ba bin : met bin gitft
lai, hai bin g&i cho di hien: duy'et hoac nha xuat bin
deu st'ra rat ky ltr&ng ; m3i down c6 tit, tit dung lgi
neu ho chin mua (1) KhOng can de le, nhtrng each hang
Chi nen viet hoc danh tren met mat gigy th8i
nha in c6 the cat m3i
cho nhieu tha sap cho mau N6i rieng ve nhfrng tic
TrInh bay can then bin thio nhtr the cie nhieu cal
lqi :
pham thuec loci bien khio thi ta can phii trinh bay ky
ltrO-ng. Nen c6 met bai ttra cho biet :
muc dich khi vieet sich de.
(1)
Ne'u goi cho nha xuat bin doc thi chi Can eri rn4t bin theii.
136
U37
* Khi can chit thich thi danh s6 roi gach mot hang,
chep tai s6 do & dtr&i dtr&ng gach roi bien l&i chu thich
Neu chip Joan do bang mot loi ch^ khac hoc lui
vAo do mot phan cho dc gia de nhan.
bang mot loi chit rieng (ch& nghieng chang hen) bien
xong lai gach mot dir&ng nfra, nhtr du&i day :
,
Nhirng bai tho trong Kinh Thi lam trong d&i
Ibid
Trinh bAy nhtr vay co lai 1a tho sap chit khi gap
loan & girra hai gach ngang, nh& chira ngay it hang it
cue i trang d'e sap l&i chi thich, kh3ng mac cai 1oi sap
Ian chu thich vAo trang sau vi thieu cho. Tuy nhien an
Kho sach phai tuy tirng loci : mot cuon tieu thuyet,
cong nu'&c minh chu ra quen 1oi trinh bAy do, vay ban
phai giang cho ho mot vAi lan de ho hieu, nu khong, ho
mot cu6n k'iao ciru ve khoa hoc, mot ctton ttr din, kho
T
a'(1)
ta
quen g 9 i IA
138
139
138
Nha in Au my khOng dung tic, Oar; de chi khI5
sich ma dung nhiing tiing trong nghe nhtr Colombier in
nett xep hai nhtr to nhat bac) thi la in - folio, x'ep lam
Co 6 day khoing
12.
li 3
Co 8 day khoang 3 li
Co To day khoang 3 li 8
Grand Jesus
: 56 x 76
: 5o x 6o
Cavalier
46 X 62
in tieu thuyet
co 8
ngtdri
Co to
dm 13 X x8, 5. V5y kito sich la Jesus in-16, vi mOi t&16. n gap thanh 16 to nhO
* Mating I6i
(1) Tigng Ph^p la corps, co the djch la khO' chic chro . c, nhir'ng art.
cOng da goi quen la 0 co
140
VIET.
N iM
t4I
Chambnrd gran c 16
VIET.-NAM
.
VIET - NAM(
Cham6or
gras c. 36)
Li ch& nghieng thtr&ng dilng de in bai ttra, ten,
sich va nhirng doan van trich din. No co mttc Bich lam
dc gii chii y t&i.
Ban co the xin cac hang dtic chic nhirng tap kieu
chir cua ho.
L6i chic map con dap v'o mat ta hon 16i chfr
nghieng, khong nn dung no nhieu trong mnt
doan
van,.
no chi hgp vo-i nhCrng tit nho ; con tit 16n thi ngtr&i to
thtr&ng dung chfr hoa.
Khi chep tay hoc danh may ban thao, muon chi:
cho th7 in sap the chir nao, ban co the dung cong tr&c
Cheltenham dfrng
Cheltenham thtr&ng
Europe 6m
cheltenham nghieng.
CHELTENHAM HOA
Europe
VET NAM
171iE 1 T
VET
I
NAM
%tEI AM :
sau nay:
mop'
( Chambord Gras x )
\I (Initiale large c.
12
hoc viet chrr hoa lo'n roi gach dtr&i mot netnhtr
t.
NGUYLN DU
Antique serree
C.
24)
14 2
OWNOWNWAl
143
Sira an cao la cong vi8c chin nhat cita nha van, chin
ma vin phai lam kir' ItrO . ng, neu kitting, tic pham c6 the'
khOc vi an cong cita nha Le van Tan, va hai anti ban tOi,
moi khi tic phiim meXi in xong, coi lai thi benh dau
gan lai mtain tai phit. Btrc minh qui di
Trong mot to tun bio xuat ban gin day, mot nha
van no, chic di nhi sett I5n byc minh vi bi in sai yarn,
-"am irc bao c6 khi tfrc chit
ba con lai
a... VI rang van tho bi in sal
ctr tird-ng ta nha van viit rbi ba con, ;that la
ba con thing nghqp cer cheri la ..ngu. Oi l That
la oan ho t oan ba Thi Kink. Ay la chtra ke, chi
ul bi in sai van ma tir trirerc din nay del c6
vi str sai kia lam
hngloi gid xu.Ot nira thi
ciao nguvc ca fl ter trong cciu trong bai.
Phai dcc
an
144
Tuy nhien, diz s&a ky t&i dau, sach ban cung van
can 16i. Nguyen do la str so e sot cua nha in : con mot vai
1oi lat vat, kh$ng no bat nha in dtra an cao cho ban coi
tai lan nfra, ban din ho si a lay trtr&c khi cho len may
and ho quen kh6ng sira ; ding co khi ho s&a nhirng nem
chir kh6ng chdt, may chay lam y ang chCr ra ngoai, in ra
mcri thy thieu chfr ; chir chung thanh chic hung hoc
145
0
Khi s&a an-cao, ban nen then nhCrng cong-tro'c
dtr&i day :
chun.
146
bac)
chi A anh dieu d6
chi bao anh dieu do.
Datt :7 chi rang phai sip lien nhau thanh chi?,
nhtr :
chau thanh To"kyo
D'au I chi ring phai,
thanh Balle
thanh Ba le.
PI-IAN T110' BA
HOi K. T. T. D.
roi ban
Ngt.rai thg dOng gigy ch6c than (anh
dugc tin cc:mg ; con ngtrai vtet mgt
cugn sOch hogc mgt vet kith thi khOng
boo gi g ch g c chO'n dtrgc dieu gi ca.
MARMONTEL
Viet van kheng phai la ty. Igm cho
minh mac c6 mg tong khOng ph61 lb
thr ong dau vat sy lanh dgm.
P. VALtRY
149
giao keo do, nu ta phi chju thi8t moi be, phi by sinh
cho 1y ttrang, phi s6ng va bat vq con song trong canh
-thie"u th6n, thi cang khong dtr ct c keu ca gi ca, va cai d&I
cua ta cam bang nhtr da b^ di.
Toi cung nhan nhtr ban rang nu vq con eo eo &
CH
den tai
r
C NG I
mai :
Cho viet van la mat nghe, da la qua roi, lai con..
trang trgri chi each ban van, nhtr ban tom, ban ca ni"ea t
..... thi ban ding ran ma dirng nghe, va ccr than nhien
,tra ciru cho ky ltr&r g, de`o got cho can thin, khong du'oc
-vi cai na cam ao, vi cai lay the noa ma viet cau tha de
:die"m tin, lam xau ho cho eay but.
Thtra ban, toi nhan nhtr v ^y, nhu'ng khong chiu
-nhan rang he lam nghe vie"t van la khong dime not den
-van de tin bac va toi bun rau khi tha"y
nhurng nha
'
Thtra ban, ban- mang, toi xin chiu nhirng van
mong ban hay doc het chtrung nay va hai chtrceng sau,
phan tram. Te mat qua! Nhtx vay vq con lam sao khong
doi va tic ph'am cua cac ban van khic kh6ng bi
tra re ? Va nhtr vay thi cong nau hay tt i day : ti v&i vo,
con ho va doan the van nhan
Toi ttrcng nhiirng nha van tai tir, vie"t mot hai cuon.
de tieu khien, dir chi cau danh ch r khong cau lgi, cung
nen nghi d"en lo'i chung cua cac ngtr&i cam but, dirng
by sinh cai lgi cua minh qua ma vo tinh lam hai..
ngtr&i khac Con c6 nhirng ngtr&i ban dirt mot tic pham
chi d''e dtrgc vai chuc ban giiy tot tang anh em, ban be
thi tat nhien con nhang nha xuat ban cho rang quyen.
tic gia dtrg q c 5 % da 1a qua nhieu roi.
151
Ban co the ban tic pham cho nha bao va nha xua"t
ban
i)ieu quan trong nha"t, ban phai nh& ky : tac pham
co gia in t&i ma"y ma khong nham tri trtrang thi cling khoug
ban du'o'c. Viet may ma dery ban tren mien sun ctrt7c
tat phai "e ; van cung vay, mot bai khao ciru ve co sir
Trung Hoa ma ban cho mot t6 , bao chuyen thong tin thi
saa khoi bi ling vao gio giay ?
V iy nria van nao cung can bie"t ro chi trtrung ctta
he"t thay cac t& bao va cac nha xua"t ban quan trong trong
ntr&c, nghia la bit ro thi trtr&ng van chtrong ciia narohc
minh. Le ay tin nhien qua, ma toi chac mtr6,i nha van
chtra co dtro'c mot nha nghi t&i, chi vi cac nha ayP
trrirng rang viet xong la du va quen lion cong viec thir
nhi, rat quan trong, tirc cling viec ban van. (T)
Cac
(I) Siu nam t nrac, mot nha xuat ban bao toi ; . ong khong bieel
ban van ca ong Cang say nghi, toi Lang nhaa bai hoc do quf gia.
152
ra, vi^n try but nao ding co thg coi la theta cttryc.
Ngu co mot vien try bat nao b(3 tact soan, khOng vigt
giap nira thi dpc gici cling chdng hay gi ca ,
151
h 9 xuat bin,
tinh each nhirng bli hoc sich do.
chitc bai dit cic loci, nhieu nialt la the" va truyen ngAn
cita cic nha van tre tu8i veri nhang biro thin ckrc It3/
ten cic nha van thtrerng Ong tic vii cic nha
ngai chit but neu ngai chiu ding gitip nhtr vly
trung binh
aneri be ti^n ra rnua bai cila ban, nhat IA !chi ban chtra
rieng mot chtrolig de xet quyen tic gia, dtr&i day hay
xin ban qua ve tam ly cic nha laic) va nha xuat ban.
Tam 1)" chung cua cac nha bao la khOng mua bai caa
ngtrai
Ho mua lam gi ? VA can gi phAi mua ? Diu the kSr,
3. Prevost da viet :
Anh ngn bigt mgt tba bdo khOng can phcii co
mot try but moi tir bcio rraii ngay nhdn dcryc khocing
g
la det tin
7, o.000 chef' caa cdc hang thong tin. Th
nghe cling
.
tire, rOi Nlpt vi^n tlur kf, lba sown remit
g
co th lam nen .Minh 7npt ter bao. Trong ccic tba bao,
.cl ang mat nha birth but chi - la 7qt srr xa xi
[S4
155
nhan chung ta. Vay ban chi con c6 vi4c d6 mit ma rut
dui
bier dtrgc th&i nay con nhieu ten uhuya ga"p mtr&i hi
th&i n5y lai them hang van phigt iAra. Phi4t nao clang
bai se mat tinh each th&i str cua no di, nhat as ma cong
cho chung tOi phai thtr di thu ve Va lai, bao viet cho clay
h.an trong mot ljch sir tieu thuye't ve dai Le Ong vie"t :
eC6 tieng tr6ng & mot don canh,a thi chung toi van biet
rang hai tieng don canh hap v&i th&i d6, nhtrng khOng-
hoo p vdri th&i nay, dai da so dc gia khang thich v'a nhzt
dinh 6ng phai de chung t8i sira la bot g^ c. n
Neu anh qua quyet rangyvan anh toan bich roi thi
in anh cirvieet len bai hai chic acam siraa 1a chung toil.
kh6ng dam sira niraa.
-156
- nao 116 va chiu hit tat ca nhirng phi to'n v"e lin bat th3
_ y chiu mao hi em xudt ban nhirng truyen ngdn 116 cho. Ha-rir
so n vui ve nhin nhirng dieu kin a"y, t r nghi phcii cho cong
ckung bit cong trinh cua mink ngay m&i thr rc, khong nen
chaan chir, va chang trd to i nha xudt bhn Nha xudt ban
gOri cho Chang mat ton tinh tin in va mat ban giao ken. Hari-son nhdn dtro c, girl mot chi phieeu cho y. Y voi yang
hooi dm, rat l phep khuyen chang chiu them mot so' Lien nira
'.clle qudng cao vi dieu d6 co l ri cho Chang. Cai dd thi Ha-ri
son hfeu lam, flea Chang gai them cho y m6t chi phis"a nira_
Giira nhirng nguiri t - te' v&i nhau, ai lai ndi chuyen tien
La"n nay y tra liri tre ho-n, nOt rang theo y= kie"n
y thl cu6n thin nha"t hi -a hen nhieu con cuOOn nay
khong disc dating vai stir hua hen ay (...) va dO c6
mao hiem xudt b; n neu chang chiu he"t phi tn an
b at thi cung phai tinh trw6-c nhnr la sack kho ban
lam. Ay la y khong dirng vao dia vi nha xudt bean ma
x't dd"y.
157
lai ban cdo, bolo theo y kie"n y thi chang da lam ro"i
ma y (nha xudt ban) lily digu do lam bua"n ldim vi ti
trw6, c t&i nay, giira hai ngu'iri, tinh van than mat,.
trd
Chang ben g&i ban cao cho mat nha xuat ban khac
nha nay chiu tra tin tic gii, nhurng chi khi nao bin
thrac m&i tra, va rOt cu6c cu6n thir nhi chAng mang ve
cho Chang mot so tien nao ca.
E)o la tam ly nha xuat ban ben Anh. Con ben mirth
thi d^ c^ Ho Hiru Tirang pho by trong mat down van
mia mai khong km
Cac ngai chwa doc mot tac pham nao ky ten cua
toi, cac ngai chwa gap tren mr t bko mot bai ludn nao
cua toi... Lei dy no i cac nha xudt ban truc lqi. Ito
chi muo"n cho ra tac pham cua nhsrng dai vtn hao: dqi
thi si, dai hoc gid. DO may ltrg, t, HUAN PHONG nay
mang ban thdo de"n ho. Ho khong can doc trong d6 co g},
ho chi thay qua"n ^o toi khong sang trong, bo tich
161 co ve que mua, nhdt la ho thay cai ten HUAN
PHONG cua toi khong phdi la ten cua mot dqi van hao
dai thi si, dai hoc gid. Da r"oi, tae pham cua toi
la khong hay, in ra ban khong chqy, 1 0 von
Co mot anh con nhin toi vo'i mpt cal nhln
thuo'ng hqi, toi hieu rang anh ay do"ng y vo n i vpr tOi, baa
tOi vee ca"m cay, hoa may cung dtro c cau nha"t nghe tinh.
nha"t than vinhn... Ho lam lo , (i).
(1) Phtrong dong so 4.4.54.
'158
Nha xuat ban ilk) ding chi xuat ban nhirng sich d8
bin dm cic cay viet co ten tubi, cOn tic pham nao khO
khan hoac do met nha van chtra co danh viet ra thi nhat
dinh chei tir : ai ma khOng viy, thtra ban ? Xuat ban
sich ctia ngtr^i la buOn bin ma buOn bin thi, nhtr
Bang da n6i, phai xep x6 cai chuyen lam Yiec theo 13,
ttremg laiD, keo chat nhan rang ra thi cem ai ma phung
str van h6a nira. Nei cho cOng bang, ding ce, met s6
ngtrOi quyet lam viec theo lY twang day, song 119 lai
ngheo, ra duct it cu6n la h'et vein .
met tic pham b5t hu ma tim hoai, khOng nha ink chiu
xuat ban. Mai sau mini co met nha chiu tra Ong ba tram
15t
Nir van si Pearl Buck, g&i tac pham datt tay cho mgt
nha xu5t ban O. My ; ngtrei to tra lai ban cao, vOri cau
Chung tOi khOng thich tac phm ve Trurg queic. Ay
tray ma chinh nhirng tac pilaw ve "Tung quOi c ay sau d6
da lam cho ba noi danh khap the git5. i va dtmc glai
thtreyng Nobel
Fabre, mot nha ttx nhien hoc co tam 115n thi si lam
v'e y ang cho ntrerc tim mai rn&i, dtivc mot nha
xuat ban chiu in be Souvenirs entomologiques cua Ong
ma khOng bat Ong ... tra tien !
Marcel Proust hei dati c ng bi nha Nouvelle
Revue francaise h5t phai tty bet tien ra cho nha
Bernard Grasset in bO A la recherche du temps perdu
cua minh ; sau nha Leon Daudet ctrc ltrc khen ngi,
den xin
tram quan va ht:ra chi tra khi nao tai ban dtrqc kia
Tei righiep, 6hgchtra kip dtrqc lanh 56 tien htraay thi
Sau khi g6' . i ban cao tai nha xtt5t ban, ban phai
dcri tir mot tai sati . thang mai dtro'c ket qua. NeEu h9
"z15
.khOng mua thi 119 phii tra lai bin cao cho ban (nha bac)
160
Goncourt & Phap lam lai cho nha van dtrgc khoang tri^u
bac va lo'j cho nha xuat ban gap hai, gap ba s6 d6.
trii tai, co quyen kh6ng g&i tri nhixng bai khong dang)Neu mua, hq se ky v&i ban mot t& giao keo ma toi sir:.
xet ky trong chirang sau. T& giao keo nay dinh quyen.
Cho nen moi khi thay mot tic pham nao c6 the dtr
t: c gia, sich bane thi nh'a xuat ban chiu lo, chay thi
thi dtrgc thi nba xua"t ban ctrng tic gia va cting, tim
nhirng 16-i phe binh c6 danh, nh& gi&i thi^u kheo leo
IF
trgn bao chi, roi dat nha van tip xuc v&i nh3n vat
nay, nhan vat no, nha"t la v&i csc ba c6 inh hirang t&i
la tham cua cac ong Han, c6 khi lai nggt ngao khuyen
nha van b& bo't doan nay, vie"t them doan khac cho
ban chay qua, thi xe ngay t& giao keo cu ma lam lai
mot t& khic c6 lo-i gap bon cho tic gia. Con phan dong
thi neu s'ach ban e, ngtr&i ta xin rut quyen tic gia
vier, khor,g khac chi tren trtror,g dua : va nha van nao
diroc giai thtr&ng thi that la con str&ng hcrn con sgira
xu6ng, hoc xin tra tr6, lam nhieu ky, trai lai sach ban
chay thi cir theo Chung giao keo ma thi hanh. Nhtr v$y
la dirng din 1m roi day CO ke con bat nha van chiu
chtrc nam Ian bay ltrat ma van khong cbju tra, co ke lai
doi nh5t Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot trong nha, nuoi
cho map roi bat viet, vi"et that nhieu, m8i ngay du du
mot s6 trang nhat dinh, y
nhtr
On
theo, nhtrng cach san s6c nha van nhtr san sbc ngtra
dua th&i nay rat thinh hanh & Au M.
Tai moi ntr&c van minh, moi nam co hang chuc
Tai
giai thtr&ng van chtrong ma nhieu giai nhtr gia:
'b' GIAO KEO NHU O'NG BAN QUY N
163
<the ky.
Trtr&c
CHIPO'NG I
sach, song khi dem ban cao giao cho mot tiem, nha van
da chang dtrac lanh mot'so ti n nao ca ma con mat
TO GIAO KEO
benh vtrc nha van, Ong tuyen b6 c Tac gia mot cuon
sach hoan toan lain chu cuon do .
cac tiem sach, lam thiet thoi cho nha van. Van nhan
thtrong ban dirt tic phaan lay mot s6 tien nhat Binh,
nha xuat ban sau co tai b< n bao nhieu lan nua ciing
khong phai tra them quyeri tac gia.
nhan
mkt
phan la
khSng phai
do
la
ta
co
mk t
nlxieu
nha van
164
y chang ?
165
nam 1793 tar di, meri c6 11115 . ng sac lenh dinh rang
,quyen tic gia dtrqc keo dai t&i 5o nam sau khi tic gia
chet. DO IA met btrO. c tien ding mirng, nhtrng cic van
nhan Phip chtra dtrac th6a man, cho nen cu6i the 14
trtr&c, h9 hop nhau thanh hOi, lap nhieu du. an de quy
dinh luat le y e t& giao keo xuat ban rbi trinh cho chinh
phit chap thuan. Tuy nhien chtra dtr an nao dtrac chuan
Merl cacti day vii nam, nhan vix melt to nhat bac),
.
.y va hien nay ngtreri ta van con dung met kieu mau giao
.keo do mot nhOrn vira nha xuat ban vira nha van th6a
7thuan
nhau ma lap ra nam 1917
Trtrerc khi xet mau giao keo dO, chting ta nen biet
,qua ve cic kieu giao keo thtrerng dung tir trtrerc Uri nay.
xuat ban dat cho nha van viet mot cuO'n sach theo nhting
Tirc thi cac nha xuat ban nhao nhao len phin d6i,
con phe van nhan thi nam tay nhau benh vtrc quyen 1941
ctaa minh. Hang hii nhat la Balzac. Ong hO hao dOi.
quyen tic gia phai duck vinh vien, bao rang dien mOt.
kich ma khOng xin phep tic gia thi ding nhtr an
y
mot cach trio tran vat quy nhat cua ngtri i ta
cap.
Nhtrng r5t cuec, phe van nhan cling van thta, chi
du bi bai b6 va phai den sau cuOc dai cach mang Phip,
.tra tien cho tic gia tit' 5 den 20 phan tram tang 55 gia
166
NGH4
VET VANt
Bach bin ( t). M$i 1an tai ban, ban du dircrc htr&ng.
quyen ay nhir lan in dau tien.
keo han voon. Co nhi ng sach khao c(ru ban
ra"t ch4m ma in rat t6n, khong nha xuat ban nao chic
naua ban quyen, tic gia phai xuat v6n de h^ln v&i nha
xuat ban, hoc mot phan ba, hoc mot nfra tong phi, ri
hai ben chia nhau so" tien thu ve theo the thirc sau nay
0 Giao
Nha van de cho nha xuat ban 5o% bit vlo so" tin
hoa hang cho cac nha dai 1 nhirng phi tan chung; can_
5o% thi chia cho hai ben, t- ty theo cong vie`t cua tic gia..
va s6 v6n cua moi ben.
Xuat ban sach theo cach cab, ban khong cau lai ve
ti n bac ma chi mong c6 ltri ve tinh than.
VE Giao key in h8.
167
30%, ma ban lanh divac het thay la 50%, Von do, chi
n6i sau thing ban lay ve d z, ne'u sach ban kha chay
nu sach ban "e, tat nhien ban chiu thiet.
Nha van n'ao muo"n cho dai song dirng thieu thon
qua, cung nen ran danh diu_n cho cb mot so va"n c#u in
tic pham cua minh theo each do. Nhtr ban thy, bo vOn
in mot cu6n l^ i bang vie"t mot cuOn va ding 1e" phai viet
mot nam bon cuo"n mai du so"ng thi to chi can vie"t
hai, vira khong met, vira c6 Qu thi gia d'e" vi"et ky.
M
MAU GIAO KPO DO MOT 1JY BAN HON
xyP cAc NHA xuAT BAN VA cAc
NHA VAN LAP RA NAM 19x7
Gifra hai ben ky ten dcr&i day,
mot ben la. 0 . . . .
M
V t ben 13 0 . . . . .
da c6 nhang
0 . , ...... , .
. . .
va nhirng ngu'&i thira ke" cua ong --- quyen in, xuat
ban va cho ban (x) mot cuon sach nhan d"e la : .
168
.
0 ....................... nh4n sty nhtr o ng quyen d6, chili
phi din va moi sty rill ro trong khi in, xult bin va ban.
keo.
Trirerc h g t la tic gici uci nhrrng ngu&i cOng
Mc v&i tic gia.
Mn6n clacrc ctiing vcio hang cgng Mc thi phai
lain inOt cOng uiec sang Mc (1) nhtr
gia ; mot tha kg clanh may bhi thao khOng phai
Irl cOng Mc,
- sang tic mgt caclity- do : mgt ngirai Hut
kg tic gia in rem d ri m It'd lieu hock d-P dich,
ihao viii loon, tied clicrung trong sach cling
kitting goi te1 sang Me (fa-cm,
cling chung mgt myc dich, mgt g (rink
v&i tic gia. Cluing lion, bon co nhrrng tai lieu rieng
(t) Sang the day co nghia cone, nhu dich thu4t, can
d4t cau ding dirge coi la sang tan.
phai
169
10
NG HE Vi g r VA N,
4 I'4
i Th
the gia tang nhirng ngtr&i thira ke" c troicgut ban quye"n bao ldu ?
Ma
Van de" nay ct11 duce b , an cai soi not tit the
Icy 18. Ngu&i thi doi mot tac phc'm phdi la vc'tt sir
hiru cria tac gid, viz phdi chcrgc truyen tir Itru t6n
mot cach vinh vin nhut nhd cira, rung ntrong,
Ike thi trai loi, bdo tae phakn phdi duoc man
thank ciia tong de mgi ngur & i tPrac hzrcrng. Proudhon, mvt kinh to gia 5 the ky 19 con bat nhd
vcinphni by sinh cho nhdn lo(u, khong dcroc cau
luii va quyen tae gid khOng ctucrc truyen li.i
cho con chau, sot chlrng thdnh mr)t bon qu ii
17a
L) 72
( 1) SAu nam ru 6i ve cuoc dpi chin thin nhat vA tam nam ru&i ve cuoc
dai chin thfr nhi.
X174
tha d soon mat cu6n van tuy 9en hoac thi tap
tht tha lye chtra &Jac ro rang, Ccic tau an 6.
_Phap ctat ra qui Mc nay : filch dan nta lam hai
quyen lai ve tien tai caa lac gia thi khang (taut;
can Erich dun c6 muc ctich van hem thi
Six phtin biet nhtr vOy hai mien ctr& ng. Chang
han tOi Erich Iret nhang tha hay ctia NguyJn
Binh cre in thi chic chart lac tOi lam mat viec
c6 firth ccich van haa, nlurng cling lam thiet thai
cho lac gia vi (ic5c gici chi can mua mat cu6n caa
tdi xu6I ban ma khOng can mua nhang cu6n
(1) Quien trich disn cbi quyen in, Om Chung l8 quyen truyen ban
(reproduction)
175
ana tae gia c1a cho in. Trong trtrerng hap ay thl xer
ra sao ?
Quyen filch mat loon van trong skit crd dang
len bcio cang ihuac ve tcic
Quyen xuat ban tiers thuygt ctei (tang tren bcio
y
e tat gia cher khOng ve nha beto. Nhirng
bcio cO tinla each theri sa tlii bcio neto cling co quyen
Erich dun ma kh6i xin phep, inirm let phi chi ra
xuat xer.
Quyen dich thuac u'd lac gia. Dich gia phal
lac la then cat truyen Ind vies lai, nhtr mat tieu
thuya
ltd thcinh kick, Ta (Terng nen lam phOng
tat dick ph6ng. Dich ph6ng la tiPu thuy& vin
Vick ra treu thuy0, kick dick ra kich, khOng that'
crOi the van, chi thug ctai it chi tieit cho hop oeri
phony Inc mat xer ho(ic mat tha dal thOi. Nhieu treu
thuyet (Icing trenbdo caa la cbrac (tat cho cai ten
la phony tac, k) Mac chi la dich phag inat each
Tat to do.
3 Thiu vao dia hat
176
3. Tic gia cam doan bao dam cho nha xuat ban
khoi bi quay ro"i va bi truy doat mat quyen.
GIANG THEM
* Du man han giao keo, tic gia clang khong
c6 quyen tai ban neu nha xuat ban chtra ban he"t
sach. Stich d6 c6 the coi la ban het khi con khong.
TO
177
la ban he"t.
0
tic
178
179
then
ixu
R0
tic
181
Neu tic gia khong dinh gia ban thi nha xuat
ban co toan quyen quye"t dinh.
.5. Ngay phat hanh se do nha xudt bdn dinh sao cho
4o, i ca hai ben, nhirng du sao ding khong dzrqc de qua hai
MUC III.
fin hoac trong mt th&i gian bao Iau Trong trtr&ng,hcrp ay, tic gia khng chi quyen bat nha xuat ban'-,
phai tai ban, nhtrng 1ai c^ quyen cho mot nha khac
xua"t ban nu sach' in lan trtr&c da ban ht kha lau.
3 Trong nhirng Ian t^ bun, so in cte nha xudt bdnquyet djnh.
xudt
MUC IV.
102
40$ X 3000 X xo
12.000$
183
4 0 $ X 2000 X to
100
8.000$
dem bia sich lai cho ban lqr ten hoc d6ng d5u len,
hang darn, trong trithng hap quyen tic gia tinh theo
se lai nhieu, cho nen ban c6 the del Chia liri them,
3184
Moi khi in, nha xuat bin g&i thtr bao dam cho
tic gil hay
in 1"an thir may,
in bao nhieu cu6n,
2. Mgt cuo"n sich dtrgc coi la he"t khi tic gil du vie"t
thir b:^o dim yeu cu nha xuat ban thu ve nhCrng sich
can lai ma sau thing sau, nha xuat bin khang trinh cho
tic gil dtrac 25 cu6n.
3. Khi bin 6, nghia la khi m3i nam bin khong
dtrgc 5% s6 sich in lan cu6i cilng (i), nha xuiit bin c5
quyen dem bin son ne"u tic gil khong ch;u mua lai.
Gil mua lai se khong dtrac cao ho a n gil v6n cong v&i
i n d^ tra tic gil. Tic gil mua tai roi, mu6n dem ban
nu
do tic gil
giao cho nha xuat ban thi Ii v$t sa hu cua tic gil.
khoing 4 0 cu 6 n nua.
MUC V. IN VA IN LAI
185
bin dtrgc, nha xuat bin cho biet ky han lam thanh dan
y
(inventaire) hang nam vao 1uc nao. Qu en tic gil phii
sach v&i nhau thi nha xadt ban tnuan bdn son,
phdi xin phep tic gid va chi ctu: p'c ban son khi nao
thtrc ca"n thiet, khong du o c co y lam hqi danh tieeng
gid
tra not trong 4 thing sau khi lbm thanh dan. Tic gil cb
th"e yeu cau nba xuat bin dtra so sich cho minh coi.
tic gid.
(1) O mr&c ta, nhs van thur&ng du oac 20 hoc 30 ban giay tot de tang
ban be. Muon co tren so do thi phai mua lai ca nha xuat bas vii
g
gia rc 1a 50 0 10 hoc 60Io gi ban.
(2) T&c nhOng bao nap cho nha Thong tin, Thir kho.
dich
gid
186
Tac gia ot5tIg bu:o'c rang ban dich phdi dtra mirth
187'
coi attic.
MVC IX . DANG LVC TRONG TAI
nhi xthit ban ma nha nay vOi nha thir nhlt khOng
xuat ban thi hai ben (Ong long cho Nghiep doan ccicnha xudt ban va HQi van nhdn lam trong tai, mthc
thir nhi.
nhang tic pharn quan trong thi ngay & Au, Mk cling it
cau van chi ph6i mat phan 1&n, net: ta 136 buOc nha
xuit ban qua thi 119 khOng chiu mua tic pham caa ta.
V5y ta chi can hiZu kSr" nhfing muc trong ban giao keo
dO de" r6 quy^n lgi cita ta rOi cham chtrOc sao cho cOng
viec nha xuiit ban duce de dang ma dOi ben deu ceo
11;
-egg
'
l8
dtrctc nhtr&ng lai ban quyen cho mot ngiro'i khac. Nhurng
nhau thi cir theo th&i han ngAn nhat. Chang han mot
cho mot nha khac thi cai viec co phai huy bo giao keo
y
tac pham & Y Pha Nho dtrcrc che ch& 8o natt
sau khi
tac gia chit, thi qua Phap chi dtrgc che chic 5o nam, vi
$ Neu tac gia eon gier ban thir nhi hoac c^ the
vieet mot cach de dang thi nha xuat ban c^ quyen bat
buoc tic gia giao mot ban khac. Tat nhien ben na.o bi
--thiet hai thi phai durcrc bi thtr&.ng.
ky ten vao hip tro'c Berne nhtr Nga, Tho ... C:ac
ntr&c nay muon dtrac quyen dich het thay tic pham
cu.a cac ntr&c khac, khoi phai xin phep, va di ky nh[rng
hip tr&c rieng v&i cac ctr&ng quc tren the gi&i.
1ap nhtrng chtra du r gc gia nhap Lien hip quo"c nen van
Si) nam 1.886 va d"ong y che ch& quyen tac gia tren
190
Tuy nhien, nha van dirng dan bao gi& ciing ton
trcing quyenla, i vita nh^ van khic bat lifin ntrac
minh hay ntr&c ngoai cling nhtr quyen cita chinh
minh, cho nen mu6n dich mot tic ph:-Im ngoai qu6c thi
ban nen xin phep tic gia nhieu khi h9 vui lOng cho
lien v&i nhirng dieu kien de clang vi biet ntreec
ta nhO va m&i bit dau dtro . c g6p mat vOi van
nh^ xuat ban c6 the lien dOi chiu trach nhiena va bi dtra
bin ngoai qu6c dtra nhang dieu kien gAt gao qui, chting
Nhan de mot cu6n sich la vat sir Mitt cita tic gia
cting nhtr ten mot thir thu6c la vat s& hint ctia ngtr&i
the tao ra. C6 y clUng trAng nhan de cling c6 loi nhtr c6
dAng triIng nhan hieu vi co the lam cho clOc gia rim
cu6n n9 v&i cu6n kia va nhtr va'y thiet hai cho tic gia
cu6n trtr&c.
Song nhan de phai co gi dac biet thi dung trang
.m64 la c6 18i. Con hai cu6n sich deu khao circa ye
-(1) Nhtr mot nha xuat ban no & M dei toi phai tra sin tram MIy kim
ale dich va in mot cub'n ba twan ban. TM phai tir chOi. Ho quen giao
cac nha xuat ban Anh, Phap. Kb:Ong hien tinh rinh
minh.
Khi nao ntrac minh &gen va Lien Hip QuO'c thi be?' van hOa nen
nghien mitt van cre xin dich tac pham ngoai quiic de cho cOng vies ti'ep .
thu va phO !Dien van Kia ngoai quac dtrcec de clang (Chit thich khi tai bin)
vai
19
CHU'O'NG III
TAC-G I A TU'
XU AT - BAN
194
195
buOn bin. Lai them viec bra tic phi'm d'e in va each
xuat bin in he, ban lai them xo%, nett ttr xuat bin,
Dtrai day la may then ban nen biet khi muen tit'
:xuat bin tic pham cita minh.
* Ban phii kiem met nha in dirng din 6 , gan nha
:nen neu can b6 met thi ban tam b6 dieu kien thin ba.
de xuat bin rei phit hanh ! TOi nghi viec sau IA viec co'
he nhtr khOng the thanh dirchc, ma nett c6 dtrac chang
taira
mai bao tram khap ntr&c va nhA van se tr& nen nhang
nghe, hieu dtre'c va, theo dtrqc gin dung tei not gan
ciang nhang ky i giing clan dia ban ve each trinh hay.
Dieu kien ay quan trang nhat. Neu gap phii met nha
in lam an cau thi thi tOi xin thtra ban hay trtr&c, ban
KhOng. Theo t6i, nha van khOng nen darn dirng
viec plat hanh met viec rat phien phirc ma chi nen
'khi ho bat dau mua giay, sap chit' cho tai khi ho in
mOi ngay
theo dOi ding viec an loit, va chi bio, kiem diem tit'
-xong trang cuei rei ve bia, rOi cat giay. Btrc minh lam,
Xuat bin lay la met cong viec hcri met day, nhtrng
19i se be ceng, nett tic pham bin chay, ma nett sich
.
bin het thi 19i bang hai viet, (chit it khi bang ba va
kb:511g khi nao bang b6n nhtr Vu Dinh HOe n6i) vi bin
bin quyen ban chi dircyc xo%, b6 y en nh& met nha
I96
NGHE V1#-T
VAN
197
* Ban phi nghi lay each trinh bay bla sach roi ban
vbi hoa si, ho se giup tht.m y kign cho ban. Ne"u ban de
ho nan nt, van lan thi ban n& long nao ma trir cua ho
misc ho trinh bay thi mtr&i lan c6 dfn bay lan ban
khong vira y,
thi nen phcng trir&c hai thing tre, (r) cong la nam thing,.
ban hay giao ban thao tir thing tir cho vira.
nol co nha xuat ban hi n v&i tic gia in rut roi lai cue
co'
tih&rng str
nghi v&i nha in bia tang in dtr roi chia vOri nhau 1
* Dinh s6 sach in la viec quan trong, anh htr&ng
1&n d n str thanh hay bai cua nha xuat bin.
T61 nh& mot trtr6eng ham thin & Phap day mon ban
hang, trong mot bai ve Quy tic ban, c6 khuy@n hqc
lai.
thinh vtrcng ?
khoan nao cao gia qua.. Tien gia'y thi ban tra theo h6a
don cua nha ban giay.
(I) Nam 1968 nay, co the tre sau thing mqt nam la thtr&ng, ma ho.
Thong tin cc`. Ie cir ba thing phi xin trier han giay ph@p kiam duygt
that mat cong.
On
lam.
thinh
cOng.
NGHE Vl g T VAN
198
199
Trong khi tinh toin,ban nen tranh tit qui lac quan,
Chung cho cic nha xuat bin. Hai Ong Laborderie va Boi
sich gia tri tam thtrang ma nit& met cich quing ca. rat
dic
da
ban chay vo vo. Cu6n ay la cu6n Thanh
ling, btyc minh. Theo hai Ong 6 3, thi tieu thuyet ctia mot
chieu va met bai bi'eu cua Ong di t6n cong stru tam, tirc
ntrac ta, tuy mtyc xuat bin sich bao dm thap nghia
thi not giin, vigt thtr ming Ong VSt' la dot, khemg hieu
sty canh tranh khOng gay go, nhtrng vi le d6c gii qui it,
dtrac hai bai do nen mai 1)6 di, lam tic plfam cila Ong
mit y e co kinh. CuOi thtr, van si con ham bat tai nha
thtra ban.
xuat bin :
qui 16, khien d6c gii ctr&i minh. Nhtrng khi ban qr
thi ban nen quen ban la tic gii ma dirng
xuat bin
phtromg dien thtrang mai, nghia la ttr gieri thieu tic
pham ctia minh veri cong chting, Ban nen nh& quing
r
cio chi lam sach bin mau ho n, cher khOng the lam cho
mot cu6n bin hOa chay dtrcic : sich hay ma h9'p vai
nhu can quan chting thi serm muon gi dec gii cling
biet ma mua.
200
IJ
201
mot phan cot. Hign nay gia mot phan cot quang cao
tren trang ttr bao hang ngay & Saigon tir god den food
mot ky.
* Ban cb the giao cOng vi^c nap ban (cling nhxr xin
kiem duyet) cho nhd in de d& mat thi gicr, nhtrng vi4c
ding vai trang trick trong sach thi ke"t qua se nhieu ho n
ban thi ban phai dich than lo lay, tuy t6i On bit phan
Cling nen g&i tang rieng cac nha gi& muc phe
binh tren cac bao, va cac Ong hi8u trtr&ng, giao str, giao
vin nu la sach giao khoa.
Stich tang nhtr vay cling c6 khi ma"t, nen cac nha
xuat ban Au My thtr&ng g&i theo sach mot to"m thie"p dan
khong nen de cho mot nha nao lam (:tong phat hanh ma
co sin, ghi ten ngtr&i nhan cting dia chi cua' minh va
nen giao cho nhieu nha, vi giao cho mqt nha dc quyen
-ma nha do lam viec bat Itrc thi thiet hai 1&n.
thi nen long, tren nhat bao, sach khao ciru co mot so dc
gia rieng thi nen long tren tuan bao hoc nguygt san.
mua sach roi khong co quyen tra lai, nhtrng dtrac tra tin
lam nhieu ky han, khi nhan each tra root so la bao nhieu
day, con lai se tra dan trong moi thing sau.
Gia quang cao rat thay dai, thy so dc gia cia t& bao.
Ngtr&i ta lay mot khoang dai bang chieu ngang cot bao
(khoang S phan) va cao rn it phan, lam don vi, g9i la
203
tri ba'y
d6c gii riao chiu mua thi tieing trtrerc m6t s6 tien, in
xong, ban se g&i sich. Nha xuat bin chi datig c oach d6
khi phii in nhiing b6 sich day, t6n nhieu tien, nhtr cic
cho
lAm, mai ngAy chi be vii ba gi& la met nam CO the xuat
ban dtrqc sau cu6n.
Nhtrng tai xin din Ic'y ban dieu neu ban chtra
dtrac nhieu dec gia biet den ma lai chi viet dtro c mot
la loai kiim hiep m6t d'Ong, thi hoa IfOng co khi tai 5o%
cu6n thi dirng nen xuat ban lay; cic nha plat hAnh khOng
khOng chirng.
chiu mua sach ctla ban nu, ban phai gei bin va thu
tien se rat chant. TOi biet ba trtr&ng hyp nhir vay:
Ngtr&i ta da nghiem rang sich bin c6 xmla, nhunhieu man hang khic. Ching han, & Phip, tau thuy'et
bin chay nhit vao mfta Xuan va mila Thu ; & ben ta,.
trong cic vi bai trtrly ng va tuu trtr&ng sich bin manh
Mat vho hai
has
met tap tho. , met tieu thuyet, met cu6n khao ciru deu
co gia tri ma hai nam tri&i thu de von chi vi xuat ban le
loi.
Mu6n that-1h ding, ta phai gom it nhat nam sau tic
Sau m6t cu6c chin tranh kha dai, s6 d6c gia bao gi&
;sham co gia tri, de ban (viva cea ta, viva cda nhirng ban
than) kiem &Live met s6 v6n khoing sau chitc ngan dOng,
ding tang va nhieu nha xuat ban kheo dau co', chi trong
(t) d5t met ten cho nha xuat ban rei xuat ban deu deu
40% va
c6
0
TAC CIA TU' XUAT BAN
hai thing mot cu6n, nhtr v5y cac nha phat hanh mlri Itru }
i.&i va chju mua sack cua ta. Da" xuat ban dw yC sau cu6n
ma ban du du khng c"thi ta khi phai them v6n nira,
s6
IM
NGHE Vt T VAN
204
Huong ho & ntr&c ta, mtrc i nha van chi dtr4rc; vA1
7
ba ngtr6,i du' sting ; can mtrc i nh'a xuaat bin thl fIgtrM
nao sung song dtr (s) v^ c6 ngtr&i lam giau rat u i : iii
Cac tiem sach cu.ng vRy. Ni mot dieu d6 cdu ch t,
thay hang ngtr&i nao b} thiet th6i rbi,
h&i cac ban cats but, chungta ha"y nen ran hop nhau I^ti.
moi nhbm bon nam ngtr&i, gay mat so" voon, tir xuat b: n
l 3r.
va Y, chan g nhCrn g 1 i ve v"t
Y
^ cha"t cho gia
Binh chung ta, chang nhirng 1ai ve tinh than cho chting
ta s e" khoi p hai c hieu 3' mot nha xuat
g
nao hat, ma What 1a 14i con Igi cho van h6a'Vigt Nam,
ta vi chun
vi cha khi nao co nhieu nh'a xua"t ban ca nhirng nha van
ding d n thi cac cay brit c6 tai m&i
2o%. Bao nha xuat ban,phai d ugc 1&i nhi"eu vi can chiu
sir rui ro khi ban sach e ; dieu d6 c6 phan hiru 1y ;
nhtrng ta thin hi trung binh mtr&i cu6n sach in ra c6
may
cu6n ban "e, can mu'&Ji cu6n viCt ra, c6 bao vhieu
cu6n khong ban dtro'c cho nha xua"t ban? Vay thl nha
'van cu ng c6 sir rui ro day char ?
(1) To khong ke nb&ng nha xuat ben tei ttf, u7$i n th chi chi
ra vii coo"n thi tat khong khA dime,
207
Ve hai dieu tren, nha van phai nhan 18i. M8i tac
pham khi da bay O . tiem sich la tim nherng doc gia thich
11. 9) v&i no : chang han loci tieutbuyet la cal tim nherng
d6c gia binh clan, khao ciru tim hang trung ltru co hoc,
Neu chinh nhang d6c gia do phai cite la viet thieu nghe
thuat hoac khO hieu qua thi nha van khong con ttr bac)
china gi duvc ntia.
CIIIYO'NG IV
Hoa, Chinh DOng, Chinh Tay thi lam sao tieu thuyet
ctla tOi ban chay duce ?
hoac biu med not :
Nha van c6 the khOng can tien, cling cet the khOng
can danh, nhtrng nhSt dinh la phai can d6c gia. Tat
nhien c6 tic pham ken dOc gia, c6 tic pham khOng ; ce
ngtreri viet cho &rang th&i, c6 ke vi'et cho h4u the (I),
nhtrng da viet thl ai ding mong c6 ngtreri doc mInh,
nets khetng thi viet lam gi ?
V4y chi nhung ke dien nhtr Huy Cin trong bai ttya
cuEin Kinh Cdu Ttr mbi ca gan dim khinh miet dOc gia,
con nha van nao cling can tim hieu ban doc cita minh.
123t6c gia c6 the trach tic gia ba dieu : viet d6, viet
khO qui, bin dat qui.
(I) Nhtr Ttr Ma Thien. Ong soap bg Sir ky va dinh chop sau no
trong ntti cho ngtr&i dvi sau dao len doc.
208
TAM L1
DC GA
207E
khi in xong bay & tiem thi ngtriri mua phan d6ng chi
xet tai prang. Mt tam khan b'an theu tay co khi d t gap
nam mot tom theu may thi khong ai the la cao gi'a, con
Ngoai ra ta tai nen bit"t tam ly chung cua d6c gia la.
khOng co thi gi& ma cung khong chju met oc de dcc.:
mot tic pham vi"et cOng phu ga"p mtr&i mot tac pham khac
thi phan dng doc gia lai khong chiu phan bitt
can than v'a tim hieu, cho nen ta lai cang phai viet minh.
ang thau.
Tuy nhien, xit cho ky, 1oi cung khang phai & doc
batch.
h7en dieu the thin ba : sach ban dat qua thi toi
phai nhan rang, trong it nhieu trtr&ng hop, doc gia.
gii. Di da so" doc gia lam sao ro du'dc cling phu trir
tic, roi cOng phu in va so" sach in ra ? Co may ngu&i
ttr&ng ttrgng dtrc c rang phai d9c hang chuc, hang tram
cuun sach m&i vi"et dirac mot cuOn Bich khao ciru, phai
Tai nh& d i doc mot bai ky ten ((Mot doc gia ding
tren bao Viet Thanh ma"y nam tru &c. Tic gi i bai d&
ke chuyen mot horn vao tim sach no, gap mot ngtro'i
ban muo"n mua cu6n Nho giro cua Tran Trong Kim ma.
con clan do, so sanh gia tin v&i so trang xem sach dat
hoon tieu thuyet nhieukhong, roi tic gia kit lu4n
phdi xet nd nhw xet mat mon hang. Mt thir6 c vii vcri
nhtr
lai ban thao ba bon lan, phai chau chin & nha in hang
thing de kiem soat viec an bat, co khi phai Bich than
chay di rnua chin ve sap I"ay ?
Ton cOng da lam, ton cua ding nhieu, ma vi la loci
thirc tron dim d''e sira china dtrcvc mot trang, phai chip
nhau?
khao ciru khong dam in ra tren ngan rtr&i cu6n, thi gi^.
each dot c6 dat gap di nhirng ti u thuyet viet trong bay
ngay va in mot lan nam mtr&i ngan ban, cung On la re,.
r lam. 17oc gia hieu sao dun tc nhirng tinh canh 06?
cdch nhau mot trai mot vrrc thl sack citing 1y cunt
hro n ng ?
khong diruc an han gi ca. Ban lu6n luOn phai ran gom
>.
Ian man thr^'c mot so doc gia trung thanh de bao dam
ttro ng lai cua ban.
210
211
long lanh, hang ngan nu ctrey i h6n nhien bao vay ba,
cting cao han ma cong viec ciing clt c6 kEt qua flan vi
Nita van
nhtr v4y.
Trong bai tho. I.' esprit pur ( Tinh than trong sach)
tong viEt
( Long.Xuyen)
mua sach
212
213
Nha xua't b'an lai nett hp'p tic v&i nha Bach v'a nha van
t"c di8u tra xem doc gia mua mot cuOn si ch vi le" gi,
nguai m& tim sach & not do, so sach ban dtrgt gan;
bang mot phan to so" sach ban tai chau thanh Long:
irianh.
Xuyen.
Vay s'ach phai di tim doc gia ch{r dt c gia it khi tim
sach va hien nay mfrc tieu thu sach a ntrac to con co the
tang 1en dirorc nhieu. Sir giao thong d^ de ding, cat
nha phat hanh nen dat them dai 1' & moi quan, moi
cho
Cac nh3 xuat ban nen nghien cuu vin d"e gay sir
So
thutr
,
I Dan ong
LY DO MUA SACH
Dan bi
ham roc sach trong dai chung va t&i tr&c ao Chinh phu_
1
Vi doc
1 8,1 %
17,6
Co nguai
th u.
14,2
17
13,8
12
tiem.
9,8
8,6
ky ngtriri Viet nao tir x5 den 6o tuoi ciing ph.lti bitt doc,,
bitt viet.
luc
xuc tin tong viec truyen b^ van h6a nhtr la lop mot ke'hoach, dinb :
-- btr&c thir nhirt : not trong mot hay hai nam, bit:
nhfrng
bi"et
l ira sach
gi6i
biet
6,7
5,4
5,2
4,7
3,3
1,2
de pho thong nhii ng tri thirc can thiet trong quan thing;
10
3,3
d6ng th&i htr&ng din khuyen khich sir to hoc trong moi
11
Dien thuyct.
2,8
12
Co
2,6
3,3
13
2,1
14
1,3
2,5
1,7
1 5
Sach m ran
0,8
1,2
16
Linh
vin
tirng lop, trong gio'i tong cht:rc trtr&c het, 1qi khuyeen
khich sir tr[r tic, nh'at la tong viec sown mot bo ttr din
Viet Nam, mot bo Bach khoa ttr din, vA mot coon Ngu:
phap.
sach.
quang
cao.
214
Chting ta chtra th? tin ket qu5 cita cuec thi nghiettr
gy
dec gii Dirc kh6ng phai IA dec gia Viet Nam, d6c.
gia thel trtr&c khac dec gia bay gia, vi lai cOn thy loci
sich nfrasong it nhgt Diederich cling biet rang dec gia/
mua sich vl rat nhieu lY do va hieu dtro. c tam lY
chting thi quing cio tit c6 ket qua hart s sach ban chic
d6 hctn.
Van hoc cita ta sip btr&c vac) met kir nguyen meri,
chung ta sip c6 met 16p dec gia m &i. Chien tranh
CHUVNG V
biet doe, biet (r) Tin trtr&c t&i nay dec gia phan
_long trong giai cap tieu ttr sari ; rei day nhiing dOc
gia tug thuyen va neng dan se dOng hurl het nen van;
nhan khOng the quen ho.
STEN DHAL
Bbi vi ban khdic tOi cho nen tai yeu ban,
Lai khen cna nha phe binh co the vi nhtr ngon gi&
cang canh burn cila van /Alan, dtra thanh cOng va
danh vong chang han nhtr Marcel Proust dtro'c Leon
Daudet nhiet liet ca-tong ma not danh khAp the gi&i
('Prong trtr&ng ha . p Ay, ai str&ng hem ai ngtrOi da
tint dtro. c met thi^n tai hay ke &I've dtra len hang
thien tai ?)
216
ngon song danh up luOn chie"c thuyen cCta van nhan Too
khng nh& da doc & di u rang mot tic gia & Phap da
no it ntr&c ta khong can ham soan kich nira sau khi tic
pham bi the ve not dung
van thanh
s6
217
Aa chi they nhfirng ngurai it hoc, thiu tai lei ph@ binh vi
ne tinh, vi ghen ghat hoc vi tien,
Doc giz d
hoac vi this oan, khing n& nang 1&i ve nhOxng cho thien
tech ctia bon tren va khinh
bon
dtr&i; nhur ng kh6 phan bit dtrgc hang phe binh vi tin.
Hang nay kh6n-kheo lam, c^ ve nhtr cong tam nen d8
lira gat nhieu ngtxai.
khng.
TOi ttrang ne"u the pham hoan town la sit con s6
akhng nhtr voy thi nen quen di, chic phe binh ma lam
chi ? ^Ja chat gi madam qua quye"t la con so" khng vi
tai gi&i thieu clang c6 gia tri. Tac pham nao d rVc ho
lin xet down clang c ba, b5n ian sai. Ma dOt ta xet
khen thir&ng de ban, nen cac nha xuat bin, nhat la cac
ca nhung nha
On
nhan
khong
phai la each lam cho ngithi chiu nhan loi ma sira minh.
cay but cua minh, chi doi lay mot ky ca phe hoc dtr&ng
snot tic pham bi chon viai ma ta the qua, doc gia c6 the
V^y chi men phe binh nhi ng tic pham c.^ it nhieu
pia tri, de c the vine the vtxa khan. 1`Thu the phe-binh
m&i c tinh each kie"n thiet vi ich lui cho van hoc
nho mink, chi trick tac pham minh kick liet tren bao,
roi ttr viet bai dap, hoc nh& mot ban than khac dap de`
doc gia chti y t&i ten minh. Doc nhirng bai but chin cad
ngu' sir tren van din, phai la mot nghg si hoc rung, car
cong tam vi kliong c6 thanh kin' Hang ngtroi vb du
218
219
r5t kb6 phi co mot bin linh cao, biet phuc thien ma
tan tong nhau tai tip, ai nger dau d6 la met man kich
nen bao gi& ta Gang kinh men met nha vain bi chi trich
ma bit binh virc quan niern cua minh tn9t each hea nha
nhtr Tfan Trong Kim khi tra Iii nhing hal Ph^ birth
Nho gido cila Phan IChOl.
thi tren van clan xu5t hien nhitu nha phe binh. Lei 16
cfmg c6 1Sr. Tim chin nam trtrerc chin tranh, tau thuyet
flitting bai pht binh ctia cic van si trong nhOm n5y hay
nhesm khic ; tir 1947 teri nay, van nghe suy, cic nhiphe
ciing rat dep. Ba Xuyen nha nh4n vach nhieu 18i Bich
vi thi m&i tin rat mau,va tren tun bio nao ta ding th
sai nghia rat nang cua tic gia, tic gia nha'n Ifet Ira cam
nhikng culic brit chin bi hal kich nhtr tren thi chi 14i
cho van nght Ara lam cho dOc gii mat thi gier.
mtreri nha thi c6 chin nha, khi bi chi trich not d6a len,
Mu het nha van nao cling c6 long tir ai ratmanh, coi tic plas m ctia minh la danh dkr ctia minh, nen
cang thay mink dOt, va can than tOi dau thi pham
aTOi la met ca. ), 16n, bon cluing la nheng con c6c ; c6c
t6 ra ininh thieu !Ong tty tin thi tOi chic phan dOng dpc
kl4c noc & g6c cay, cay ceo sao dau ?Vang,cay thi khOng
sao, nhung chic chin la Ong di cam gan lam nen m&i
n6i v4y cho hi, Gift dtro c thii de binh tinh la met vitc:
Mr_
sao tra Jeri dusic, thue du cOn dOn danh del phtro'ng
220
22t
cam but ma diing chin thu t cua din ba, cho em chau
ngtr&i chi trich mgt ngtr&i dirng din ding cho ho tra
l&i chit ma bao nem Au viet bai mat sat 1ai. Con c6
If
sau se' dap va trtro c khi gai ding, nen nh& mot
ngtr&i than lay cong tam doc bai cua ban, xet du la
phai, dau la trai va sira chiia lai gii mNe"u ban da' not danh ma c6 mot
On
tic d'e the bai va nbi xa'u ban thi ban nen dap hay nen
im ? Trtr&ng hgp nay cling hcri kho xir. Mot anh ban
tei bao ne"u im thi mac mtru y, y se" ttr la"y lam dac chi
la d^ thing duorc mot danh si, cho nen tot ho a n la ban
muvn ngtr&i viet hoac ky ten khac d'e thanh minh v&i
cdoc gia. T6i ttr&ng khong can nhtr vay : he trong bai
cua y c6 cho nao ding tra i&i thi cf nghiem trang tra
I&i roi ky ten that, khong ding tra l&i thi thoi, va neu y
Ve phtro ng dien ke
chuyen tic gi 'a d3 that bai,
(Claude Vanquier
T6, La Tribune provenoale)
Mot ngtr&i din anh
nhin do i sau cap kinh
bien hinh.
(Jean Pierre Maxence.
jour)
Tieu thuye"t rat ttr
nhien (Marius Richard.
Tap chi La Revue de
France).
Ta Gringoire).
Ong lung tung khi Ong
ngtrng ke ma phe binh
can chuyen, de khuyen
dtt ta suy nghi ve nhirng
van ^ ii do thai, ttr ban
^i quoc qua khich t&i
bai ngoai.
de hen, d^ d"Ong den d6,i ttr cua ban, lam hi den danh
der ban thi da c6 cong lu3n va cong 1.
NGElt.
122
vtEr VAN
ip
MV C LVC
VIL
ClurGetzg
Vik van la nOt Tighe
9
s
Nghe
vik
van
&
ntrcfrc
to
hien
nay
23
Chtro'ng II.
Claravtg III. Nhang diets kin de thank c6ng
Chuvng IV. Van nhan trong xa 110
45
PHAN THU" NHL VIPT VAN
Chn ng I. Theyi ky dty bi
Chtne tzg II-- TZ3 chirc dCri song
Chu ng III. - Van de nguyen sac
Chu trng IV Tim y
Clurwrzg
Viet
Chirtrng VI'.- Trinh bay tic phalli
65
78
93
t03
tt5
/31
R6I BAN
cho nha bio va nha xuat bin 1413
Chu ng I
TO' giao keo nhtrog bin quyett 162
Chlrong
192
Tic Oa tkr xuat ban
Chirryng
206
Chwang IV. Tam ly Oc gat
.2t1
ctia
dGc
gia
Chuang V Lei phe:binh
DINH CHINH
Nhirng s6 c6 chi& d & eau xin de"m to durbi len
TRANG
HANG
IN SAI
20
8d
qui y
26
3d
3% kid sich
98
3d
t6 phong_,
133
t i bitt
glAp
5
1 45
I Od
161
nhwng Id-i
172
1966
BUNG
Cy
qui
g
30 ; gi sAch
tdC
t6i
phorg
bitt
nhibu
dip
cheo
len chCr V va p, a
du hang'
nhirng nhh
thern m6t goch
1866