Khoa in - in t, Trng i hc Tn c Thng A. Tm tt th nghim SIMULINK l mt cng c rt mnh ca Matlab xy dng cc m hnh mt cch trc quan v d hiu. m t hay xy dng h thng ta ch cn lin kt cc khi c sn trong th vin ca SIMULINK li vi nhau. Sau , tin hnh m phng h thng xem xt nh hng ca b iu khin n p ng qu ca h thng v nh gi cht lng h thng. B. Th nghim 1. Kho st h h, nhn dng h thng theo m hnh Ziegler Nichols. Bc 1. Dng SIMULINK xy dng m hnh l nhit vng h nh sau:
Bc 2. Chnh gi tr ca hm nc: Step time = 0, Initial value = 0, Final value
= 1. Chnh thi gian m phng Stop time = 600s.
Bc 3: Nhp chut vo Parameters, vo trang Data History v tin hnh
ci t cc thng s.
Bc 4: Nhn Run m phng qu trnh.
Bc 5: Double click vo khi Scope. Ca s Scope hin ra.
Bc 6: Vo ca s Command Window nhp cc dng lnh sau.
>> plot(ScopeData.time, ScopeData.signals.values) % V li p ng. >> grid on % K li. Bc 7: Lc ny ca s Figure hin ra vi hnh v ging nh hnh v ca s Scope. Vo menu Insert/ Line, Insert/ Text tin hnh k tip tuyn v ch thch cho hnh v. Kt qu cui cng nh hnh bn di :
Bc 9: Da vo hnh v, xc nh L v T.
2. Kho st m hnh iu khin nhit ON OFF.
Bc 1: Dng SIMULINK xy dng h thng iu khin nhit on off:
Bc 2: Chnh gi tr ca hm nc: Step time = 0, Initial value = 0, Final
value = 100, gi tr khi Gain = 50. Chnh thi gian m phng Stop time = 600s.
Bc 3: Nhn Run m phng qu trnh.
Bc 4: ng vi mi thng s ca khi Relay, lu li hnh v v ghi nhn cc
gi tr trong bng sau vit bo co. Trn hnh v trong bi bo co ch r 2 sai s +e1 / -e2 quanh gi tr t v chu k ng ngt.
Vng tr +1/-1 +5/-5 +10/-10 +20/-20
e1 4.8 11.7 18.8 130.2
e2 1.59 6.92 12.27 22.01
Chu k ng ngt 53.9 90.21 125.95 170.3
Bc 5: Nhn xt -
Vng tr cng ln th sai s ng ra v chu k ca khu relay cng ln.
sai s ng ra xp x bng 0 th ta thay i gi tr vng tr bng 0. Chu k
ng ngt lc ny gim xung v rt nh. Trong thc t khng th thc hin b iu khin on-off nh th v kh iu khin ng c.
Vng tr la chn bng +5/-5 l hp l v sai s ng ra va v d iu khin
ng c nht.
3. Kho st m hnh iu khin nhit PID (phng php Ziegler
Nichols). Bc 1: Dng SIMULINK xy dng h thng iu khin nhit PID.
Bc 2: Chnh gi tr ca hm nc: Step time = 0, Initial value = 0, Final value
= 100, gi tr khi Gain = 50, khu bo ha Saturation c gii hn l upper limit = 1, lower limit = 0 tng trng ng ra b iu khin c cng sut cung cp t 0% n 100%.
Bc 3: Tnh ton gi tr Tnh gi tr cc thng s Kp, Ki, Kd ca khu PID
theo phng php Ziegler-Nichols t thng s L v T tm c phn 5.1.
Bc 4: Chy m phng. C th chnh li Stop Time cho ph hp.
Bc 5: Nhn xt v cht lng ng ra 2 phng php iu khin PID v
ON-OFF. -
Khi
cng tng th cht lng ca h thng cng tt v thi gian xc lp
nh, exl, POT nh, chnh xc cao.
-
Khi
Khi
tng th cht lng ca h thng khng tt.
th cht lng ca h thng khng i.
Cht lng ca b iu khin PID tt hn b iu khin ON-OFF v b