tCvn

Tiu chun Vit Nam

TCVN 6194 : 1996

ISO 9297 : 1989 (E)

Cht lng nc - xc nh cloruachun bc nitrat vi ch th cromat

(phng php MO)
Water quality - Determination of chloride
Silver nitrate titration with chromate indicator (Mohr's method)

H Ni - 1996

TCVN 6194 : 1996

Li ni u
TCVN 6194 : 1996 hon ton tng ng vi ISO 9297 : 1989 (E);
TCVN 6194 : 1996 do Tiu ban k thut Nc tinh lc TCVN/TC/F9/SC1 thuc Ban k thut
tiu chun TCVN/TC/F9 ung bin son, Tng cc Tiu chun - o lng - Cht lng
ngh, B Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng ban hnh.

TCVN 6194 : 1996

Tiu chun Vit Nam

TCVN 6194:1996

Cht lng nc - xc nh cloruachun bc nitrat vi ch th cromat (phng php MO)

Water quality - Determination of chloride
Silver nitrate titration with chromate indicator (Mohr's method)

1. Phm vi p dng
1.1 Khong p dng
Tiu chun ny qui nh phng php chun xc nh clorua ho tan trong nc.
Phng php ny c th p dng xc nh trc tip clorua ho tan vi nng t 5 mg/l
n 150 mg/l. Khong xc nh c th m rng n 400 mg/l bng cch s dng buret c
dung tch ln hn hoc bng cch pha long mu. Do nhiu cht gy nhiu nn phng
php khng th p dng i vi nc nhim c hm lng clorua thp.
1.2 Cc cht gy nhiu
Nng bnh thng ca cc thnh phn thng thng ca nc ngm, nc b mt v nc
sinh hot khng nh hng n vic xc nh.
Cc cht sau y gy nhiu ti phng php xc nh:
- Cc cht to nn cc hp cht bc khng than nh bromua, iodua, sunfit, xyanua,
hecxaxyano st (II) v hexaxyano (III). Khi cn, ion bromua v iodua phi c xc nh ring
r, v kt qu xc nh clorua c hiu chnh theo.
- cc hp cht to thnh phc cht vi ion bc nh ion amoni v ion thiosunfat.
- Cc hp cht kh ion cromat, bao gm ion st (II) v ion sunfit.
- Cc cht hy nhiu trn lm cho kt qu hm lng clorua cao.
Cc dung dch c hoc c mu m c th lm thay i im kt thc v v nh st oxit
ngm nc.

TCVN 6194 : 1996

Bng 1 - Cc cht gy nhiu
Cht

Lng gy nhiu mg/l

Cht

Lng gy nhiu mg/l

Br-

NH4+

100

I-

S2O32-

200

S2-

0,8

SO32-

70

CN-

SCN-

Fe(CN)64-

CrO42-

1000

Fe(CN)63-

PO43-

25

Bng 1 cung cp tm tt nng cc chy gy nhim tnh theo miligam trn lt, chng lm
tng khong 2%, kt qu xc nh khi nng ca clorua 70 mg/l
2 Tiu chun trch dn
ISO 385-1:1984 Dng c thu tinh dng trong phng th nghim - Buret - Phn 1 - Yu cu
chung
ISO 5667-1:1980 Cht lng nc - Ly mu - Phn 1: Hng dn phng n cc chng
trnh ly mu.
TCVN 5992-1995 Cht lng nc - Ly mu - Phn 2: Hng dn v k thut ly mu.
ISO 5993:1995 (ISO 5667-3:1985) Cht lng nc - Ly mu - Phn 3: Hng dn v vn
chuyn v x l mu.
ISO 5725:1996 cnh xc ca cc phng php th - Xc nh lp v ti lp i vi
phng php th chun bng cc php th ca cc lin phng th nghim.
3 Nguyn tc
Phn ng ca ion clorua vi ion thm vo to thnh kt ta bc clorua khng ho tan. Vic
thm d mt lng nh ion bc to thnh cromat mu nu vi ion cromat c thm lm
cht ch th. Phn ng ny c dng bit im kt thc. pH c duy tr trong khong
t 5 n 9,5 trong sut qu trnh lc chun .

TCVN 6194 : 1996

4 Thuc th
Ch thch 1 - Tt c cc hp cht bc v dung dch bc u rt nhy vi nh sng. Cc mui bc ch
nht thi lm bin mu nu ca da.

Ch s dng cc thuc th loi phn tch, nc ct hoc nc c cht lng tng ng.
4.1 Bc nitrat, dung dc chun c(AgNO3) 0,02 mol/l.
Ho tan trong nc 3,3974 g bc nitrat (AgNO3) c sy kh 1050C v pha long
n 1000 ml trong bnh nh mc.
Nu bo qun trong ch ti trong chai thu tinh mu nu c nt thu tinh, dng dch c th
bn trong khong vi thng. Dung dch c chun ho bng 10 ml dung dch natri clorua
chun ( c pha long n 100 ml) theo qui trnh nu trong 6.1. Tuy nhin, khng cn
iu chnh pH.
4.2 Cht ch th kali cromat, dung dch 100 g/l.
Ho tan 10 g kali cromat (K2CrO4) trong nc v pha long n 100 ml.
4.3 Natri clorua, dung dch so snh chun c(NaCl) = 0,02 mol/l. Ho tan trong nc 1, 1688
natri clorua (NaCl), c sy kh 1050C v pha long n 1000 ml trong bnh nh mc.
4.4 Axit nitric c(HNO3) 0,1 mol/l
Bo qun trong chai thu tinh, dung dch c th bn trong mt thi gian di.
4.5 Natri hidroxit dung dch c(NaOH) 0,1 mol/l.
4.6 Thuc th, lm tng kh nng ca dung dch m.
Canxi cacbonat (CaCO3) hoc natri bicacbonat (NaHCO3) dng bt.
5 Thit b
Thit b ca phng th nghim thng thng, v
5.1 Buret, dung tch 25 ml theo ISO 385-1.
6 Cch tin hnh
Ly mu v bo qun mu theo ISO 5667-1. TCVN 5992:1995 (ISO 5667 -2) v TCVN
5993:1995 (ISO 5667-3).

TCVN 6194 : 1996

6.1 Chun
Dng pipet ly 100 ml phn mu th, hoc mt th tch mu nh hn c pha long n
100 ml (th tch Va) vo bt s trng hoc vo mt bnh nn hoc cc c m trn mt nn
trng.
Nu pH ca mu khng nm trong khong t 5 n 9,5, dng axit nitric (4.4) iu chnh pH
hoc natri hidroxit (4.5) v ghi li th tch s dng.
Nu nng ion amoni trong mu trn 10 mg/l th iu chnh pH trong khong 6,5 n 7.
iu chnh pH ca mt lng mu, sau ly mt mu khc v ln ny khng o pH, thm
cng mt lng dung dch axit hoc hidroxit.
Ch thch 2- Nu pH nh hn 5, tt hn nn iu chnh pH bng canxi bicacbonat (4.6). iu ny lm
tng kh nng cung dung dch m. Lng thm vo cn phi chn sao cho cacbonat d li trong mu
thm ch c sau khi chun .

Thm 1 ml dung dch ch th kali cromat (4.2). Chun dung dch bng cch thm tng git
dung dch bc nitrat cho n khi mu ca dung dch chm chuyn thnh mu nu hi (th
tch V5).
Sau khi thm mt git dung dch natri clorua (4.3) th mu phi bin mt.
Dng mu chun v c x l bng dung dch natri clorua so snh vi cc
chun tip theo. Khi th tch chun vt qu 25 ml, lp li php xc nh vi vic s
dng buret ln hn hoc phn th tch mu th nh hn.
6.2 Th mu trng
Chun dung dch trng theo m t iu 6.1, khi dng 100 ml nc thay cho mu th.
Gi tr th mu trng khng c vt qu 0,2 ml ca 4.1 ng thi kim tra tinh khit ca
nc.
7 Biu th kt qu
7.1 Tnh ton
Nng clorua, Pcl, tnh bng miligam trn lt, tnh theo cng thc:

Pcl =
6

(V S Vb )cf
Va

TCVN 6194 : 1996

Trong
pci l nng clorua, tnh bng miligam trn lt;
Va l th tch ca mu th, (ln nht 100 ml; cn phi tnh n s pha long) tnh bng mililit;
Vt l l th tch, ca dung dch bc nitrat dng chun trng, tnh bng milimet;
Vs l th tch, ca dung dch bc nitrat (4.1) dng chun mu th, tnh bng milimet;
c l nng thc ca dung dch bc nitrat, biu th bng mol AgNO3 trong 1lt
f l h s chuyn i f= 35453 mg/mol
Ghi kt qu chnh xc n 1 mg/l, ch ly n 3 ch s c ngha.
7.2 chnh xc
chnh xc ca phng php c nu trong bng 2*
8 Bo co kt qu
Bo co kt qu cn phi gm cc thng tin sau:
a) tham kho tiu chun ny;
b) cc thng tin cn thit nhn bit mu mt cch y ;
c) kt qu v phng php biu th s dng;
d) bt k chi tit no khng ghi trong tiu chun ny hoc c coi l tu v bt k cc tnh
hung khc c th nh hng n kt qu.

TCVN 6194 : 1996

Bng 2- S liu v chnh xc
Mu

Nc ung
Nc

ung

CVr

CVR

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

11

44

12,57

2,57

0,213

1,7

0,572

4,5

36

63,79

4,20

0,372

0,6

0,787

1,2

10

39

106,4

106,6

0,676

0,6

1,287

1,2

thm ion clorua

Nc thi th
trong

N l s gi tr

L l s phng th nghim

x l gi tr trung bnh

x l gi tr thc

CVR l h s bin thin ca ti lp

R l lch chun ca ti lp

CVr l h s bin thin ca lp li

r l lch chun ca lp li