FIELD TRAINING REPORT

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1) General:
Structural designing is basically a combination of knowledge and experience. The
knowledge component includes knowing basics of mechanics, material properties, tool of
analysis, design methodology and code provisions for structural designing mention in relevant IS
Codes such as IS 456, IS 1893, IS 800,etc.
In the theory subjects we learn the design of RCC structures and all the theory part cannot
be applied directly in the field or construction site. So the ultimate aim of field training is to get
knowledge of practical design of RCC buildings. There is a some difference in the theoretical
designing of structures, we strictly follows the IS code provisions but in practical point of view
there is some changes as per convenience of the designer and as per general formwork sizes used
on the sites. In practice we first assume the sizes of the components of the structure and then
checks are taken for those sizes.
Field training is being carried out in a consulting firm of Mr. Jaysinh Deshmukh who
completed his post graduate in structure and he started its own business as structural consultant.
Office is situated in Sayville Ingale Nager, Kolhapur. He is good structural engineering and he
was design apartments, bungalows etc in his career.

1.2)

Project details:

Name of the project

:-

Bungalow Design

Client

:-

Mr. Nadeem Mujawar

Contractor

:-

Consultant

:-

Jaysinh Deshmukh

Built-up area

:-

1284 square ft

Estimated Cost

:-

15, 40,000

Duration of Project

:-

6 month

Work schedule

:-

work will be start in next month

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Chapter 2
ABSTRACT OF WORK DONE
Trainee Name: - Dhiraj K Patil
Name of Industry: - Jaysinh Deshmukh
Training period from date 12 June 2015 to date 4 July 2015
Table 2.1 Works done

Sr.
No.

Day &
Date

Abstract of Work done

June 12

Study of various Structural Drawings

Skill exposure
(Technical/practical/Mana
gement/communication/te
am work/contemporary
issues/ society
expectations)
Practical

June 13

June 15

June 16

June 14

June 18

June 19

June 20

June 22

Site visit
Make center line plan and position of column
Crate model on staad pro
Calculate load then apply on model and analyze
According to result from staad pro crate group
Design of column
Design of foundation
Design of foundation

Practical
Technical
Technical
Technical
Technical
Technical
Technical
Technical

10

June 23

11

June 24

12

June 25

13

June 26

Drawing of foundation and column

Design of slab
Design of slab
Drawing of slab

Technical
Technical
Technical
Technical

14

June 27

15

June 29

16

June 30

Design of beam
Design of beam
Design of beam

Technical
Technical
Technical

17

July 1

18

July 2

19

July 3

20

July 4

Design of beam
Drawing of beam
Drawing of beam
Drawing of beam

Technical
Technical
Technical
Technical

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Chapter 3
DETAILS OF WORK DONE
3.1) General
On the initial stage of field training, sir gave information about the design of various
structural members & their functional requirement in building. Also sir gave us standard values
of various loads like live load, dead load and floor finish load for different types of building and
load calculation for various types of structural members. He told some basic things regarding the
practical design of RCC members. The limit state method is used for the design. At the initial
stage I learned the designing the structural members using their thumb rules. Then they told
minimum and maximum provision of steel in structural members. They had checked the designs
and told if any wrong things done or any changes in the design.
After this we done design using software STAAD-Pro then they checked and they gave
suggestion about design.

Fig 3.1 Ground floor plan

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Fig 3.2 First floor plan

Fig 3.3 Center line plan

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3.1.1) Staad pro modeling
From centerline plan crate model of building in staad pro software and apply calculated
load on model and analyze model with different load combination. Following figure show model
in staad pro.

Fig 3.4 3D model

Fig 3.5 Model different load combination

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3.2) Design
After analyze model in staad pro make group according load for designing column and
footing.
Table 3.1 Grouping
Group

Node No

Axial load in kN

510.485

17 18 20 21 23 25
19

24

348.646

16, 22

348.646

348.646

3.2.1) Column design

Column design for group A
General Design Parameters:
Column size, (B x D) = 300 x 375 mm
Column height, (L) = 3000 mm
From analysis results, load on column
Axial load = 510.485 KN
Fck = 20.00 N/mm
Fy = 415 N/mm
Design procedure:
Slenderness ratio = 3000/300 = 10 < 12
Thus design the column as a short column.
Calculation of area of steel:
Assume 1% steel
P = (0.4fck X 0.99Ag) + (0.76fy X 0.01Ag)
510.485 x 103 x 1.5 = (0.4 X 20 X 0.992Ag) + (0.67 X 415 X 0.01Ag)
Ag = 71559.83
Since one dimension of column in 230mm
Other dimension of column = 71559.83/230=311.2
Provide = 375 mm
Check for minimum eccentricity
For longer span
e min = (leff / 500)+(D/30)= (3000/ 500)+(375/30)=18.5<20 Hence ok
For shorter span
e min = (leff / 500)+(D/30)= (3000/ 500)+230/30)=11.5<20 Hence ok

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Ties Details:
Calculation of diameter of ties:
As per IS 456: 2000 Clause 26.5.3.2 (c), the diameter of the polygonal links or lateral ties
shall be not less than the following
i) one-fourth the diameter of the largest longitudinal bar = 16/4 = 4 mm
ii) In no case less than = 6 mm
Required diameter = maximum of (3, 6) = 6 mm
Provide 6 mm diameter for ties.
Calculation of spacing of ties:
As per IS 456: 2000 Clause 26.5.3.2 (c), the pitch of transverse reinforcement shall be not
more than the least of the following distances:
i ) The least lateral dimension of the compression member = 230 mm
ii) Sixteen times the smallest diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement bar to be tied
= 16 x 16 = 256 mm
iii) 300 mm
Required spacing = minimum of (230, 256, 300) = 200 mm #
Provide ties 6 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c
Summary:
Provide
Provide
Provide
Provide
Provide

rectangular section: 230 x 380 mm

#16 - 4 nos.
#12 - 2 nos.
ties 6 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c
2 legged ties along width and 2 legged ties along depth

Fig 3.6 Details reinforcement in column

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3.2.2) Footing design

Footing design for group A
Foundation Design: (Design by Limit State Method as per IS 456: 2000)
Size of column, (b x l) = 0.300 x 0.375 m
SBC of soil = 300 kN/m
Fck = 20.00 N/mm
Fy = 415.00 N/mm
Loads on Footing
Factored axial load on column,(P) = 510.485 kN
Self Weight of footing assumed (Sw) = 10.00 % of Pw = 51.043 kN
Total Ultimate load,(Pu1 ) = 561.5335 kN
Footing Area
Area of footing, (Af) = P1 /SBC = 561.5335 / 300.00 = 1.871m
Required length of footing = Lf= 1450mm
Therefore breath of footing =Bf= 1310
Adopt area of footing = 1.45x1.31=1.89>1.871 OK
SBC Check:
Upward pressure due to axial load,(P r1w) = P1 / (L x B) = 445.66 kN/m
Depth Calculations:
Depth required for punching shear:
Depth required from bending moment considerations:
Mux = P shaded area perpendicular distance
= 445.66 1.31 (0.538/2) = 84.49 kNm
Width of the footing at top =b1=230+2x50=330mm
Required eff. Depth from bending about x axis=304.57mm
Muy = P shaded area perpendicular distance
= 445.66 1.45 (0.538/2) =93.52 kNm
d req = 267.08 mm
Provide total depth of 400 mm and max thick at the end equal to 200mm

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Area of steel required:

Ast x =530.1mm2
Provide 10 mm dia bar
No of bar = 7
Ast y =591.97.14mm2
Provide 10 mm dia bar
No of bar = 8
Summary:
Details of slopped footing are as follows
Size=1450x1310 mm at bottom and 575 x 430 mm at top
Depth of footing = 400 mm
Thickness at the edge =200mm
Reinforcement for bending
X axis =7 Nos # 10 mm bar parallel to length
Y axis= 8 Nos # 10 mm bar perpendicular to length

Fig 3.7 Details reinforcement in footing

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Table3.2 Schedule of footing and columns -: M20 & Fe415

3.1.3) Design of Slab

Slab Name: S1
Slab Type: Two-way Slab
Grade of Concrete: M20
Grade of Steel: Fe415
Dimensions: Lx = 3.99 m, Ly = 3.18 m ,
Span Ratio: Longer/Shorter = 1.25<2
Assume 0.2% of steel
Modification factor=1.68
Load calculation
Self wt= 0.15 x25=3.2kN/m2
Floor finish=0.75 kN/m2
Imposed=2 kN/m2
Total load=6.5 kN/m2
Factor load=9.75 kN/m2
Moment and Steel Calculations:
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Coefficients (x and y ) are computed as per clause D-1.1and 24.4.1 of IS 456:2000:
Mx = x x W x Lx x Lx :-0.07555 x 3.305 x 9.75=8.04 kNm
My = y x W x Lx x Lx :-0.056 x 3.305 x 9.75 = 5.96 kNm
Check for depth
d= 4115 / 20 x 2=102.67 <118mm
safe
Main steel
Ast = (0.5 x Fck/ Fy)(1-(1-(4.6 x Mu/Fck x b x d2 ))1/2 ) x b x d =151.71 mm2
Use 8 mm dia bar
Spacing = 1000 x 50/ 151.71= 329.56mm
Provide #8 mm@300 mm c/c
Bend alternate bar at 0.15 x 4.115 = 600mm from the center of support
Distributed steel
Ast = (0.5 x Fck/ Fy)(1-(1-(4.6 x Mu/Fck x b x d2 ))1/2 ) x b x d =111.83 mm2
Use 8 mm dia bar
Spacing = 1000 x 50/ 11.83= 329.56mm
Provide #8 mm@300 mm c/c in middle strip =0.75 Fy=3.086
Edge strip = 4115/8= 514.37
Torsion steel
Required steel=0.75 x Ast=124.39 mm2
Using 8mm dia bar = spacing = 100 x 50/124.39 =401.96
Provide #8 mm@300 mm c/c
Summery
Total depth
150 mm
Main steel
Provide #8 mm@300 mm c/c
Distributed steel
Provide #8 mm@300 mm c/c
Torsion steel
Provide #8 mm@300 mm c/c
Table3.3 Schedule of first floor slab

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Table3.4 Schedule of terrace floor slab

3.1.4) Design of beam

First floor beam design B24
Width= 230mm Depth = 375 mm
Fck= M20 Fy =Fe415
Span moment = 61.278 kN m
Left end moment= 58.447 kN m
Right end moment = 87.034 kN m

Fig 3.8 bending moment dig for beam B24

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Beam design for span moment
Beam design as flange beam
Lf= K ((lo /6) + 6Df) + bw
=0.5((5.4/6) +6 x0.15) + 0.23=1.13
Df= 150mm bw = 230mm D= 375 mm d=40mm
d= 375-40=335mm
bf = bw = 1.13-0.23=0.9m
Mu= 61.278 kNm
Xu= Df
Mu = 0.36 x 20 x 0.9 x150 (325-0.42 x 150) =254.664kNm>61.278 kNm
Beam under reinforced
Ast=543.43mm2
Provide 16 mm dia bar
No of bar=3 no
Ast pro=603.18mm2
Beam design for left end moment
Moment = 58.447 kNm
Beam design as rectangular beam
Xumax= 155.675
Mumax=66.92 kNm>58.447kNm
Beam is under reinforced section
Ast=574.006
Provide 16 mm dia bar
No of bar= 3
Beam design for right end moment
Moment = 87.034 kNm
Beam design as rectangular beam
Mumax=66.92 kNm<87.034kNm
Beam for over reinforced section
Ast1=Mumax /(0.87 x Fy x (d-0.42 x Xumax)) =713.93 mm2
Ast2= (Mu-Mumax)/ (0.87 x 415 x (d-40)
=195.47 mm2
Ast =713.93 + 195.47=909.4mm2
Provide 2 No of 16mm dia bar and 2 No of 20mm dia bar
Asc = (0.87 x Fy x Ast2)/217.5=324.48mm
Provide 16 mm dia bar
No of bar =2
Shear reinforcement
Tu= (Vu/b x d) =115.359 x103 /230 x 325=1.53 N/mm2
Pt=0.5%
Tc=0.48N/mm2
Tcmax =2.8 N/mm2
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Since Tcmax >Tv>Tc
Shear reinforcement req
Vus=115.359 x 103 0.48 x 230 x 325
=79.479 kN
Assume 8mm dia two legged stirrups
Spacing = (0.87x415x2x 0.7854 x 8x 8x325)/79479
=148mm
Check for spacing
i)
0.75 d= 0.75 x 325= 24375 mm
ii)
300mm
iii)
Min spacing =(Asv x 0.87 x 415 /(0.4x 230))
=394.53mm
Provide 8mm dia two lagged vertical stirrups at 140mm c/c throughout the beam
Table3.5 Schedule of ground beam

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Table3.6 Schedule of first beam

Table3.7 Schedule of terrace beam

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Chapter 4
CONCLUSION
The RCC design of building has to be done on safer side in actual practice because of
lack of accuracy and unskilled labour.
Concrete of M20 grade and steel Fe 415 is used. Water cement ratio 0.45 and machine
mixing method is used for concrete.
Bar bending length are changes as boundary condition of slab is changes. (E.g. for
discontinuous end 1/6th span , for continues end 1/4th span)

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REFERENCES
1) IS 875.
2) IS 456-2000, Code for Plain and Reinforced Concrete.
3) SP-16, Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete.
4) R.C.C. Designs (Reinforced Concrete Structures) by B. C. Punmia, Ashok Kr. Jain, Arun Kr.
Jain.

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