I HC QUC GIA TP.

HCM THI TUYN SINH LP 10 NM 2010

TRNG PH THNG NNG KHIU Mn thi: TON (khng chuyn)

Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht khng k thi gian pht

Bi 1. (2, 5 )

a) Tm m phng trnh x 2 2 x m 3 0 c hai nghim phn bit x1 , x2 tha

2
x12 x12 2 x1 x2 7 x1 x2

b) Gii phng trnh 9 4x x2 6x 9 2 x 5 9 4 x

Bi 2. (2 )

x 2 y 2 xy 2 xy 0
a) Gii h phng trnh
xy x y 1
a a 1 2a a 1 a
b) Rt gn biu thc A : a 1 vi a > 1.
a 1 a 1 a 1

Bi 3.(1,5 ) Cho tam gic ABC vung ti A, c chu vi bng 30cm v din tch bng 30cm2.
Tnh di cc cnh ca tam gic.

Bi 4 (1) Cho s t nhin n c hai ch s, ch s hng chc l x, ch s hng n v l y

n
(ngha l x 0 v n = 10x + y). Gi M .
x y

a) Tm n M = 2.
b) Tm n M t gi tr nh nht.

Bi 5 (3). Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c tm O, cnh AB = 3a v ABD = 300. Gi G l

trng tm ca tam gic AOD; AG ct CD ti E.

a) Chng minh t gic AOED ni tip trong mt ng trn.

b) Cho DG ct AB ti F. Tnh din tch t gic AFOE.
c) ng trn tm J ni tip tam gic BCD tip vi DB, CD ti I v K. Gi H l giao im
ca IK v AC. Tnh IOJ v di on HE.

Ht

Nguyn Tng V Trng Ph Thng Nng Khiu 1

 HNG DN GII

y ch l hng dn gii khng phi p n chnh thc ch mang gi tr tham kho.

Bi 1.

a) iu kin phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit = 1 (m 3) > 0 m < 4.

S x1 x2 2
Vi iu kin trn theo nh l Viet ta c:
P x1 x2 m 3
Ta c
2
x12 x12 2 x1 x2 7 x1 x2
2 2
x1 x2 2 x1 x2 9 x1 x2
2
4 2 m 3 9 m 3
2m2 21m 49 0
m 7 l

m 7 n
2

Vy gi tr m tha bi l 7/2

9 4 x x 2 6 x 9 0 9
b) iu kin x
9 4 x 0 4

Vi iu kin trn ta c phng trnh tng ng vi phn trnh

9 4x x 3 5 2x 9 4x
9 4x x 3 5 2x 0
9 4 x 0 1

x 3 5 2 x 2

Gii (1) ta c x = 9/4

8
x 3 5 2x x l
Gii (2) x 3 5 82 x 3
x 3 2x 5
x 2 n
Vy phng trnh c hai nghim l 2 v 9/4

Nguyn Tng V Trng Ph Thng Nng Khiu 2

 x0
xy x 2 y 1 0 1
Bi 2. Ta c 1 xy x 2 y 1 0 y 0
xy x y 1 2 x 2 y 1 0

Vi x = 0 th vo (2) c y = -1

Vi y = 0 th vo (2) ta c x = 1

Vi x + 2y + 1 = 0 x = - 1 2y th vo (2) ta c: - 2y2 4y - 2 = 0 y = - 1, suy ra x = 1.

Vy h phng trnh c 3 nghim (x, y) l (0, - 1), (1, 0) v (1, -1)

b)

a a 1 2a a 1 a
a 1 a a 1 a 2a a 1
a 1
A : a 1
a 1 a 1
a 1 a 1 a 1 a 1

a 2 a 1 2a a 1

a 1 a 1
2

a 1
2a a 1
a 1 a 1 a 1

a 1 2a a 1

a 1
2 a

Bi 3. Gi di hai cnh gc vung ln lt l x v y, cnh huyn l z.

Ta c theo nh l Pytagore th z 2 x2 y 2 (1)

Ta c S = xy = 30 xy = 60 (2)

P = x + y + z = 30 x + y = 30 z .

Bnh phng 2 v ta c : x2 + 2xy + y2 = 900 60z + z2 120 = 900 60z z = 13

Suy ra: x + y = 17, xy = 60. Gii ra c x = 5, y = 12 hoc x = 12 v y = 5.

Vy tam gic vung c ba cnh l 5, 12 v 13.

Bi 4.

Nguyn Tng V Trng Ph Thng Nng Khiu 3

 10 x y
a) Ta c M 2 2 10 x y 2 x 2 y y 8 x
x y
V y 9, < 16 suy ra x < 2 m x l s nguyn dng nn x = 1 y = 8. Vy n = 18.
10 x y 9x 9
b) Ta c M 1 1 .
x y x y y
1
x

y y
V 1 x 9 v 0 y 9, suy ra 0 9 , suy ra 1 1 10
x x

19
Do M . Du bng xy ra khi y = 9, x = 1.
10

Vy M nh nht bng 19/10 khi n = 19.

Bi 5.

a) Ta c OA = OD do ABCD l hnh ch
nht v ADO = 900 - ABD = 600.
Suy ra tam gic ADO u.
M G l trng tm nn cng l tm
ng trn ni tip, ngoi tip ca
tamgic OAD. Suy ra AG l phn gic
AOD.
Suy ra ADE = AOE (c.g. c), t AOE = ADE = 900
Xt t gic ADEO c ADE + AOE = 1800 nn l t gic ni tip.

b) Gi P l giao im ca AE v OD.
Tam gic OAD u nn DG l ng trung trc ca AO, suy ra FA = FO, tam gic
FAO cn ti F. Do FOA = FAO = 900 - DAO = 300 = OAE
Suy ra OF //AE, t gic AFOE l hnh thang.
Ta c AD = AB.tan ABD = 3a tan300 = a3.
M a3 = AD = AE. cos DAE = AE. cos300, suy ra AE = 2a.
V FO = FA = AD tan ADF = a3 tan300 = a, OP = OD = a3/2
1 1 a 3 3 3a 2
Vy S AFOE OP OF AE . . a 2a
2 2 2 4
c) Ta c OBC = OAD nn OBC cng l tam gic u. Suy ra BO = BC.
Suy ra BOJ = BCJ (c. g. c)
Nguyn Tng V Trng Ph Thng Nng Khiu 4
 M BCJ = BCD = 450, nn BOJ = 450 hay IOJ = 450

Ta c t gic JIDK ni tip, suy ra JIK = JDK = IDC = 150

V JOH = BOC - JOI = 600 - 450 = 150
Ta c JIK = JOH nn t gic JIOH ni tip, suy ra JHO = 900
Tam gic JOC cn ti J (BJ l ng trung trc ca OC) m JH OC, suy ra H l trung
im OC, do OH = OC = OA = a3/ 2
T p dng Pytagore cho tam gic EOH tnh c EH = a7/2

Ht

Nguyn Tng V Trng Ph Thng Nng Khiu 5