Knuckles 1

Annotated Bibliography
Social Media and the Filter We Choose

Allie Knuckles
Professor Malcolm Campbell
UWRT 1103
October 19th, 2016

Knuckles 2
Annotated Bibliography
Ehmke, Rachel. How Using Social Media Affects Teenagers. Child Mind Institute. Child Mind
Institute, Web. 19 Oct. 2016.
This reliable website article comes from a well-known non-profit organization. Child
Mind Institute is valid source because of their Electronic Medical Records, constant
dedication to discovery through the many experts working for the institute, and constant
clinical research. The mission of this organization is to inform researchers of current ongoing research and allow for collaborations to occur to better treat and diagnose children
with mental health or learning disorders. Ehmke is the highly qualified Senior Editor for
the institute, the Disability Services Coordinator at Rhode Island College, and a graduate
from the University of Chicago. The author provides credible information by using
sources from doctors and other experts in the field such as Dr. Steiner-Adair, a clinical
psychologist and award-winning author. The article covered the effects of what social
media is doing to teens minds by developing imposter syndrome. Socially, teens are
lacking the skill of verbal communication to a point where making a call is too intense,
says the article. Being put in the spotlight with every post made and receiving a poll on
the post through likes, users feel the need to be perfect and not the actual version of
themselves. All of the pressure added from social media is causing teens to have anxiety,
depression, and lower self-esteem. The article also gives advice on how parents can
communicate with their teens and help them avoid these problems. Having the advice on
how to avoid problems caused by social media is a new perspective and a great addition
to my research. The text also puts into perspective how important posts have become to
users. The article references that users feel they are on as much surveillance online as a

Knuckles 3
candidate running to be president. This view allows the negative effects and severity of
social media to be brought to life and create actions to solve the problem. These solutions
include no usage in the car or at meals, and for parents to not use their phones in front of
their kids in the 30 minutes right before they leave for school. This article gives a great
lens to look at the problems of social media and ways to steer clear of the horror
mentally. All of the information gathered from this article will be a part of the final write
up of the Extended Inquiry Project.
Kende, Anna., van Zomeren, Matjin., Ujhelyi, Adrienn., Lantos, Nra A. The social affirmation
use of social media as a motivator of collective action. Journal of Applied Psychology, 8
Feb. 2016. vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 453469. doi:10.1111/jasp.12375. 19 Oct. 2016.
This academic journal article, located in the Wiley Online Library, is published by wellknown experts from Eotvos Lorand University and the University of Groningen, who
work in the Social Psychology field and have each been a part of creating multiple
publications. This journal was ranked by SCImago Journal rankings for the citations as
93rd out 225 with a 0.648 SJR, SCImago Jouranl Rank, that measures the influence of
scholarly journals by number of citations received and prestige of the journals where
citations are stemmed from. This article is about the relationship between being
interactive on social media and the effects on social affirmation and the likelihood to
participate in collective action activities. Also, the beginning of the article explains the
social affirmation and influence of social media on group identification. The details of
this point included the ways in-groups and out-groups enable users to partake in certain
activities. Through research found in the two studies the stated hypothesis, that social
affirmation by interactivity enhances individuals in taking part of collective action

Knuckles 4
problems to stem social change, was justified and came to accurate conclusion. The
conclusions made were that if users are more interactive on social media sites, then those
users are more inclined to engage in movements and social changes through collective
action problems. Study One was used to see the correlation between online and offline
participation in a protest at a University in Budapest. The study was conducted by
creating an online survey to track participation during a six-week protest. The second
study tested the relationship between instrumental social media use (giving information
about a topic) and interactivity on actions made. By using surveys giving information and
controlling the access to information, the second study tested instructiveness and
instrumental uses of social media. Both studies were described explicitly in the article by
including procedures, statistics, and results. The conclusions drawn fit into my research
by making a connection between social affirmation and the use of social media through
conforming to the in-groups ideals and not the out-groups. This enhances my studies
because this adds a perspective that wasnt thought of before, specifically, the perspective
of interactivity and its impact on actions taken. After analyzing this article, I will use this
source in my Extended Inquiry Project.
Ramasubbu, Suren. Influence of Social Media on Teenagers. The Huffington Post.
TheHuffingtonPost.com, 26 May 2016. Web. 19 Oct. 2016.
Suren Ramasubbu, a well versed UCLA graduate on internet filters, safety, and other
services, wrote in this news article a wide variety of topics such as cyberbullying,
sexting, and Facebook depression. The article is credible not only from the authors
expertise, but the validity of the Huffington Post and the international presence the paper
has in the world of current events. The main idea about cyberbullying is how it is easier

Knuckles 5
and less guilt-inflicting for the bully because of the ability to hide behind the walls of
social media. This was similar to what was mentioned about sexting and how social
media creates an invincible feel to users and makes users think that private information,
such as sexual pictures, are totally safe or will even possibly create popularity. The true
results of this is that it is actually very likely that the sensitive content sent through sexts
are spread causing humiliation to the user. Humiliation isnt the only negative shown in
this article. The article shows that Facebook depression is a true reality for a huge
population of users. Social medias goals of creating instant and convenient connections
to others has now become a quick way to compare yourself to others and that causes
major mental issues. This outlook of going from connections to comparisons is a
perspective that is useful to my research and verifies that the author isnt blindly biased to
one side. Research found in this article will be used in my writing to justify the different
uses of social media with a variety of outcomes on users emotionally.
Vedantam, Shankar. Researchers Study Effects Of Social Media On Young Minds. NPR. NPR,
9 Aug. 2016. Web. 19 Oct. 2016.
The speakers of this popular source NPR podcast were David Greene, the Host of the
Morning Edition, Shankar Vedantam, a well-written journalist who is NPRs social
science correspondent and has written many columns on human behavior, and Lauren
Sherman, who did the research and is a UCLA doctoral student. The podcast was about
the effect social media popularity has on young minds and what teens decide to post.
Research was conducted and showed that with more likes on a post, others have a higher
tendency to like the post as well. On the other hand, when a post has very few likes the
user's viewing that post will tend to refrain from liking the post, even regardless of if the

Knuckles 6
viewer truly admired the photo posted or not. All of this was found in Lauren Shermans
study where she analyzed brain activity of teens viewing and liking pictures that
simulated an Instagram feed of their friends and their own posts. The findings from this
podcast will be used in my research because this provides proof that psychologically,
teens are affected by the pressure and social protocol of their peers. Additionally, this
study illustrates that our perception of what we admire in photos and thoughts is
manipulated by the forum of social media. Overall, this podcast gives justification to the
overall themes found in my research.