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Community Forest

Certification in
Indonesia:
opportunity and
challenge

DIDIK SUHARJITO

Bali, 18 November 2016

Outline
1. Characteristics of Community Forests
in Indonesia
2. Community Forest certification
3. Landscape approach in CF
management

ClassificationoflanduseinIndonesia

Forestlands

Permanent
forests
Wetpaddyfields

Lands

Drypaddyfields

Non
forestlands

Horticulturalcrops

Farmforests/
agroforests

Forestlands

Permanent
forests

Non
forestlands

Non
permanent
forests

Forests

PropertyrightsofforestsinIndonesia
Stateforests

Forests

Permanent
forests

Customary
forests

Privateforests

Non
permanent
forests

PropertyrightsofCFsinIndonesia
Stateforests:CF,VF,PF

CFs

Customaryforests

Privateforests
(householdowned
forest)

Onforests

Trees

Outsideforests

CFonprivatelands
CF on private lands (household
owned lands) in Indonesia have
been developed and continuously
enlarged (see Table 1).
Numberoftreespecies
cultivatedonprivateforests(see
Table2)
Numberofforesthouseholdin
2013(BPS2015):6,8million
(40.5%ofagricultural
households),mostlyinJava(75
%);6.4millioncultivatingtrees.

Numberofforesthousehold(million)andnumberof
treespeciescultivatedonprivateforest(million)
Treespecies
Teak
Albizia
Mahagony
Acacia
Rosewood
Pine
Peronemasp
Sandalwood
Jabon

ST2003
FH
Tree
3.05
79.71
2.32
59.83
2.31
1.18
0.21
0.16
0.02
0.01

ST2013
FH
Tree
2.51
167.39
2.82
328.83

45.26
32.02
2.35
5.82
1.01
0.07
0.10

23.46

NumberoftreecultivatedbyFH(xmillion)byregion,
ST2003&ST2013
Region/island

Albizia
ST2003

Sumatera
Java

4.79

Teak

ST2013
10.49

50.10 305.92

ST2003
7.30

Jabon

ST2013

ST2013

3.13

2.71

50.05 103.12

17.45

Bali,NTB,NTT

1.12

4.70

9.98

24.36

0.43

Kalimantan

3.13

5.01

3.84

1.73

0.43

Sulawesi

0.73

2.59

8.09

33.20

2.37

Muluccas&
Papua

0.11

0.12

0.46

1.84

0.07

79.71 167.39

23.46

Indonesia

59.98 328.83

Numberofforesthouseholdaroundforestarea
2013(BPS2015)
Island

No.FH(million)

No.household
member(million)

Sumatera

0.45

6.15

18.9

Java

4.84

15.86

48.9

BaliNusaTenggara

0.65

2.6

8.0

Kalimantan

0.08

2.3

6.9

Sulawesi

0.36

3.2

9.9

Moluccas

0.02

1.0

3.1

Papua

0.02

1.4

4.2

Indonesia

6.42

32.4

100

Hutanjatirakyatdi
KabupatenKonawe
Selatan
SulawesiTenggara

Private forest (Community and Perhutani/State


enterprise partnership) in District of SragenCentral Java

Private forest (community & private


enterprise partnership) in South
Kalimantan

Private forest in District of Damsol-Central


Sulawesi

Forestland size: < 0.5 ha/hh


Wood based industries in Java have
been established and developed
since long time ago;
Several large and medium scale
forest industries have established
partnerships with forest farmers.
Timber supply from household
owned forests in Java, have also
helped the large scale wood based
industries who are facing shortages
of raw materials in current years.
Transportinglogfromforestmanagementunitto
processingunit:jobopportunitiesfordriverand
thetransportationservicebusiness

Unfinished and finished


products: sawn timber,
bare core, board, chest,
pallet, rafter, pole,
furniture have being
exported to Korea, Japan,
Middle East, Europe and
others

Women works in the wood


based industries

CFonstateforests
12.7millionhectaresof
HKm,HD,HTRandHA
willbedevelopeduntil
2019(seeTable4)
Basedonthemapof
stateforestland
indicatingforSF,total
areas:13.46millionha:
inprotection,
production,and
conservationforests

CFinformofagroforest

StateforestlandplannedtobeallocatedforSocial
ForestrydevelopmentinIndonesia20152019(x1000Ha)
Region
Sumatera

Protection Production Conservatio


PF
Forest
Forest
nForest
partnership

Total

1,264.8

2,266.2

150.5

922.4

4,602.9

21.1

9.3

30.3

713.0

416.9

0.4

24.6

1,154.8

1,104.5

1,884.6

266.5

1,000.5

4,256.2

Sulawesi

144.9

798.2

7.8

55.4

1,006.3

Moluccas&Papua

861.9

1,185.3

232.9

131.4

2,411.6

4,109.3

6,560.4

658.1

Java
Bali, NTB,NTT

Kalimantan

Indonesia

2,134.3 13,462.1

Householdlivelihoodsystems
CFispartofhouseholds
livelihoodsystems;
Familylaborsallocatedin
&outsidefamilys
economicactivities;
Familylaborsworkforest
managementandother
economicactivitiesinand
outsidevillages

Community Forest certification


DevelopmentofCFcertificationsystemhastoconsider
thecharacteristicsofCF:permanentornonpermanent
forest;propertyrights;socioeconomicaspects;
CFcertificationenhancesocialcapitalofthe
communities:knowledge,localinstitutions,collective
action(atwatershedlevelorwider)formanagingthe
forestssustainably,ecologicalfunctionefectively,and
socioeconomicequitably;

Inthewatershedorlandscape
level,trustandsolidarity
amongstakeholderscould
strengthenfarmergroups,
farmerassociationand
networkingtowardmutually
beneficialcollectiveaction
(CA);
CAcouldenhancethe
effectivenessofecological
forestfunction.
Collectiveactioncouldbe
Adequatesocialcapitalis
encouragedbystrengthening
crucialtoreachbeyondthe
localinstitutions
lowesthangingfruit

COCofCFproductscouldhelphowtosolve
problemsbeyondtheFMUcertificatione.g.
howtoencreasepriceofforestproducts.

Thank you

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