LTE - RF Configuration Parameters

http://www.linkedin.com/pub/ray-khastur/36/965/b7a

Pyhsical cell identity (kaya SC kalo di 3G) ada 504

PCI Planning

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 2

Purpose of PCI Planning

Cell ID groups are adopted in the cell search procedure of the LTE system.

Specifically, a specific ID within a cell group is determined through the PSCH,

and then a cell group ID determined through the SSCH.
As specified in 3GPP protocol, the cell ID at the physical layer consists of cell

group ID and the ID within the cell group.

There are 168 physical layer cell groups and each group consists of three IDs.

Therefore, totally there are 504 ( 0 to 503 ) PCIs.

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 3

PCI Overview

In LTE systems, each cell has a physical cell identifier (PCI), enabling UE to

differentiate radio signals of different cells.

In LTE systems, cells are grouped. They are searched based on the primary and
secondary synchronization sequences.

The secondary synchronization sequence on the secondary synchronization channel

(SSCH) determines the cell group ID

The primary synchronization sequence on the primary synchronization channel (PSCH)

determines the cell ID in a cell group.

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 4

PCI planning proposed for M LTE project

PCI group code from 120 to 167 for IBC eNodeB

PCI 360 to 503

Propose 25% buffer for future expansion (468 to 503 reserved for future)

PCI group code from 0 to 119 for Outdoor eNodeB

PCI 0 to 359
Propose 25% buffer for future expansion (270 to 359 reserved for future)

Planning rule
To reduce PCI mod 3 result competition among neighboring cells to get better performance
under low load situation (referring to following 2 slides)
To avoid PCI mod 30 result competition among neighboring cells to avoid SRS interfere
neighbor cell PRACH
Huawei use GENEX U-Net to plan PCI

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 5

Port

1 Antenna

PCI Mod 3 Reference Signal

RS pattern for
different Antenna
configuration

No. of
Antenna port

No. of RS per Ant

port per RB within
one Symbol

1
2
4

2
2
2

No. of RS for all Ant No. of RS for all Ant ports

ports per RB within
in all RBs within one
one Symbol
Symbol
2
4
4

2* Total No. of RB
4* Total No. of RB
4* Total No. of RB

ports

2 Antenna

RE

No RS transmit
for this antenna port
RS transmitted
or this antenna port

For 4*4 MIMO, the RS of Antenna 3, 4 are

transmitted on OFDM symbols different to that of

ports

4 Antenna

Antenna 1, 2

Antenna Port 0

R1: RS transmitted by ant 1

R2: RS transmitted by ant 2
R3: RS transmitted by ant 3
R4: RS transmitted by ant 4

Antenna Port 1

Antenna Port 2

Antenna Port 3

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 6

Page

PCI Mod 3 RS shift among neighbor cells

Frequency domain location of the RS is determined by value of PCI mod 3

If RS is shifted, then it will help for better performance under low load
ada 14 ke kanan melambangkan symbol
ada 12 ke bawah melambangkan subcarrier
RS location vs PCI mod 3:

subcarrier itu 12
kalo symbol biasanya 14 kalo 1 subframe, bisa juga 7 kalo timeslot
4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 7

Page

How to Plan PCI manually

Assume there is a new site insert into Cyber Jaya area.
It is recommended to plan PCI after neighbor planning.

0
2

1
5
2

3 0

0
1

4 1
2

Note: Please use PowerPoint Slide Show mode to see the animation to play the steps.

Step 1. Mark the PCI Mod 3 results of

existing cells on the map.
Step 2. Decide the PCI Mod 3 result for
the new site on the map. Try the best
to avoid same result cover same area.
Step 3. Choose un-used PCI for the
new site following the PCI mod 3
result. New PCI shall not same to any
neighbor cell.
Step 4. Check the PCI mod 30 result
with neighboring cell.

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 8

PCI Mod3 Planning

BEFORE

AFTER MODIFICATION

We need to check again about

PCI Mod3 result, prevent cochannel interference from same
Mod3 result.

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 9

What is Antenna Ports?

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 10

What is Antenna Ports?

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 11

kode yg di genereate UE agar UE bisa masuk cell,

untuk mendefine cell radius

PRACH
Planning

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 12

PRACH

Random Access Channel (RACH)

RACH procedure begins with a preamble (PRACH)
PRACH resources assigned by eNB within PUSCH region
PRACH preamble fits into 6 PRBs
Sufficient for timing estimation
Invariant with bandwidth for low complexity
Zadoff Chu sequence
Excellent correlation properties
Zero correlation zone for different cyclic shifts
Flat frequency spectrum
Different sequences provided first by different cyclic shifts, then by different
root sequences
Multiple PRACH formats suitable for different cell sizes
4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 13

PRACH Planning Principle

There are 64 PRACH preambles in each LTE cell for Radom Access
Preambles are generated from root sequence (Zadoff-Chu sequence) and its cyclic
shift
838 root sequences are defined by 3GPP with length 839
For example: for Cyclic Shift step 76, so-call Ncs = 76
Each root sequence can generate Rounddown(839/76) = 11 sequences
To Generate 64 sequences, number of root sequences needed = Roundup(64/11) = 6
So available root sequences = Rounddown (838/6) = 139 (Index 0, 6, 12, 18, )

Root sequence needs to be reuse in the network

Unlike UMTS, there isnt Cell ID related scramble code used for PRACH in LTE system,
collision may occur if same root sequence is planned for PRACH among nearby cells.
Thus, we need to plan PRACH root sequence.

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 14

How to decide the cyclic shift step (Ncs)

Ncs * Ts > TRTD + TMDS + Tdev

Ncs is mainly decided by Cell radius.
TRTD = 2*R/C = 2*R / (3*108 ) seconds = 6.67 * R (us)
TRTD is round trip delay, decided by cell radius R
C is light speed = 3*108 m/s
TMDS is Maximum time delay spread, 5us for Dense Urban and Urban
Tdev is UE timing deviation due to un-ideal synchronization to the downlink
Typically, assume TMDS = 5us, UE timing deviation = 2us
Ts is PRACH sampling period, and Ts = 800/839 [us]
If planned cell radius = 9.8Km, then Ncs = 76

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 15

PRACH Ncs Selection

Three dimensions needs to consider:

Cell radius
Margin (over dimensioning for unexpected transmission delay spread)
Root sequence reuse in multi-cell environment
Ncs=76 for M project LTE PRACH Planning in KV area
For NLOS case, the transmission delay may be larger than LOS case, i.e., transmit distance
larger than cell radius, margin is needed to keep robust
Root sequence is enough for multi-cell reuse: 6 root sequences are needed for each cell, then
838/6 = 139 unique sequences can be assigned for 139 cells
Same setting is just to simplify the network design. Ncs can also be set to different value
according to coverage scenario.

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 16

PRACH Planning

Step 1: Determine Ncs value by the cell radius. (E.g. Assume the cell radius is

9.8 km, take Ncs value 76)

Step 2: The value of 839/76 is rounded down to 11, that is, each index should
generate 11 preamble sequences. In this case, 6 (64/11) root sequence indexes

are required to generate 64 preamble sequences.

Step 3: The number of available root sequence indexes is 139 (0, 6, 12,,6*n,,
828)

Step 4: The available root sequence indexes are assigned to cells. The reuse
distance shall be as far as possible

Huawei will use GENEX U-Net for PRACH planning

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 17

PRACH Planning (I Project)

Preambles are generated from root sequence (Zadoff-Chu sequence) and its cyclic shift step (Ncs)

Cell Radius (r) 10 km for low speed cells

TMD indicates the maximum multi-path delay spread. For HLTE products, TMD equals to 5 milliseconds
UE timing deviation is 2 milliseconds
Ncs > 1.04875(6.67*10 +5+2) = 77. 03
According to the table Ncs for preamble format 0 to 3
The Ncs value is 93 , the Ncs configuration number 11
untuk menentukan PRACH group

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 18

PRACH Planning (I Project)

The number of preamble that can be generated is calculated as follow :

839
Num
9
93

The number of ZC sequences is calculated as follows:

64
m 8
9

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 19

PRACH Planning (I Project)

Input for eNodeB on PRACH

Parameter are :
1) Cell Radius
2) Speed Flag
3) Start Root Sequence Index

4G LTE - RF Configuration Parameters| Page 20