1

SULIT

Question
(e) (ii)

(f) (i)

(f) (ii)

(g)

92

4531
Sub
Mark

Mark Scheme
Correct substitution
h11g = h22g / h11 = h22 / 760(13600) = h2(1000) / 0.76(13600) = h2(1000)
State the answer
10.336 m / 10336 mm (accept w/o unit) (rejects wrong unit)

Total
Mark

M1
M2

M1
M2

Low
Doesnt stick to the glass when contract

M1
M2

M1
M2

With Vernier scale

Can show the smaller change reading

M1
M2

1
Total
A8

12

(a)

Gravitational force add on the object.

(b) (i)

M1
M2
M3

Original length in Diagram 9.2 is longer (than 9.1) / 9.2 > 9.1 / or vice versa
The load is same / 9.2 = 9.1
The extension in Diagram 9.2 is more (than 9.1) / 9.2 > 9.1 / or vice versa

1
1
1

(c) (i)

M1

(c) (ii)

M2

Directly proportional / The longer the original length, the longer the extension
of the spring / or vice versa
Directly proportional / The longer the original length, the higher the elasticity
of the spring / or vice versa

(d)

M1
M2
M3
M4
M5

Compress when have shock impulses

Prolong the time of impact
Reduce impulsive force
Shock impulses will have bigger change of momentum.
Lower the rate of change of momentum

1
1

(e)

M2
M4

M5

Suggestion
Lower mass pointer
Softer spring / higher elasticity
spring
Dial with smaller division scale

M7

Pinion gear with smaller teeth

M8

M9

Toothed rack with smaller teeth

M10

M11

Longer pointer

M12

M1
M3

M6

1
1

Reason
Less inertia
Easily extend / softer spring
Able to show smaller change
reading
Increases rotation angle with
smaller force
Increases rotation angle with
smaller force
Bigger displacement with smaller
change of rotation angle

Max
4

2
2
2
2
2
2

Max
10

Total
B9

4531 2016 Hak cipta Maktab Sultan Abu Bakar

[Lihat halaman sebelah

2
SULIT

20

SECTION B

3
9

(a)
(b)

(c)

(d)

(i)

Potential energy / Tenaga keupayaan

Rubber in Diagram (a) is thinner than rubber in Diagram (b) //
Rubber in Diagram (b) is thicker than rubber in Diagram (a).

1
1

(ii)

D in Diagram 9.2(b) is longer than D in Diagram 9.2(a).

(iii)

Potential energy kinetic energy

Principle of conservation of energy

1
1

- Use a thicker rubber - to increase the elastic potential energy

Stretch the rubber longer to increase the elastic potential
energy
- Use a stone with smaller mass to increase the acceleration of
stone
- Use a strong material for the handle of the catapult do not
break easily
Note choose any 2 points.

Suggestion
Strong material

Explanation
Do not break easily

Low density

Light

Streamline/ aerodynamic
javelin
The athlete has to increase
his speed / accelerate
- Throw at angle of 45 oC
- Throw with a great
force

To reduce air resistance

To increase energy/ force

2
2
2

2
2
2
2
10
2

To get maximum
horizontal distance of
throwing

Any five suggestions and explanations

20

No.

Marking Criteria
Kriteria Pemarkahan

4
9
(a)

(b)

Kadar perubahan halaju

Marks Markah
Sub Total
Jumlah
1

Jarak dilalui oleh kereta mainan dalam Rajah 9.1 > 9.2
Halaju akhir bagi kereta mainan dalam Rajah 9.1 > 9.2
Perubahan momentum bagi kereta mainan dalam Rajah 9.1 >
9.2
Semakin bertambah halaju akhir, semakin bertambah daya
ke hadapan yang bertindak ke atas kereta itu.
Semakin bertambah halaju akhir, semakin bertambah kadar
perubahan momentum.

1
1
1
5
1
1

(c)

Apabila pemain bola lisut melakukan ikut lajak

Masa sentuhan antara bola dan kayu pemukul bertambah
Impuls (Ft) bertambah
Perubahan momentum bertambah
Halaju akhir bertambah

1
1
1
1

(d)

10
Cadangan pengubahsuaian

Penerangan

Jisim basikal :
Rendah

Basikal lebih ringan //

Menambahkan pecutan

2
Jenis bahan pada badan basikal:
Titinium //
Bahan yang ringan//
Bahan yang kuat

Bahan yang ringan //

Bahan yang kuat //
Menambahkan pecutan
Tidak mudah patah

Lebar tayar yang bersentuhan

dengan permukaan: Kecil

Mengurangkan geseran

Jenis brek :
Brek cakera

Lebih berkesan di kawasan tanah

yang basah atau berlumpur.

Pakaian penunggang:
Ketat//

Mengurangan rintangan udara

Jumlah

20

BAHAGIAN C
Soalan

511(a)
(b)

(c)

(d)

Cadangan Jawapan
Rate of change of displacement
AB : Velocity increases uniformly / Constant acceleration
BC : Constant velocity // Zero / No acceleration
CD : Velocity decreases uniformly / Constant deceleration
Moving in opposite direction
Larger diameter of tyre
Wheelchair can move faster
Narrow tyre
Less contact with the ground / Less friction
Low seat
More stable / Lower centre of gravity
Bigger angle of camber
Increases stability
Best choice: R
Big diameter, narrow tyre, low seat and bigger angle of camber
(i) EP = mgh = 95 x 10 x 10
= 9500 J
(ii) EP = EK = mv2
9500 = (95) v2
v = 14.1 m s1
(iii) No energy loss to the surrounding

Soalan
12(a)
(b)

Cadangan Jawapan
Sources which vibrate at the same frequency and in phase / * Accept: same
wavelength
(i)

300

(c)

(d)

1
1
1
20
Markah
1
1

1200

1
1

= 0.25 m
(ii) x =

Markah
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

(0.25)(5.0)

=
2.0
= 0.625 m
At night, temperature of air decreases
Density of air is higher
Wavelength decreases // Velocity decreases
x is directly proportional to
Radio wave
Longer wavelength // Easy to diffract
Higher frequency
Faster transmission // Travel further
Greater number of antenna
Transmit more signals at one time // Stronger signal transmitted
Higher position
Less obstacle // Less signal loss
Best choice: Q
Radio wave, higher frequency, greater number of antenna and placed at higher
position

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20

11
6

(a)
(b)

(c)

(d)

The total momentum is conserved provided that no external force acting on the
system.
1. When the air is mix with the fuel in the combustion
chamber, it produce exhaust gas at high
temperature.
Apabila udara bercampur dengan bahan api di
ruang pembakaran, terhasil gas ekzos pada tekanan
tinggi.

2. Gas is pushes out with a very high velocity through the

nozzle.
Gas dikeluarkan dengan halaju yang sangat tinggi
melalui nozel ke belakang

3. It produces a big momentum backward.

Wujud momentum gas yang besar ke belakang

4. Based on the Principle of conservation of

momentum, when there is a momentum backward,
the same magnitude of momentum is produces
forward to push the plane.
Berdasarkan Prinsip keabadian Momentum, apabila
wujud satu momentum ke belakang, maka akan
terhasil momentum ke hadapan dengan nilai yang
sama untuk menggerakkan kapal terbang ke
hadapan.

Aspect
Aspek
Diameter of the nozzle:
Small
Size of propeller:
Big
Type of fuel:
Kerosine/Paraffin
Size of combustion chamber:
Big
Choosen design of jet engine:
L

Explanation
Penerangan
The gas moves out with high
velocity
Suck more air into the
combustion chamber
Mix with air in the combustion
chamber
More fuel can be burnt to
produce bigger momentum
Because it has small diameter of
nozzle, big size of propeller,
suitable type of fuel which is
kerosene/paraffin and big size
of combustion chamber.

1 +1
1 +1
1+1
1 +1

10

1+1

Rajah 11.3
(i) Direction of two forces correct
Arah kedua-dua daya betul

(ii) Name of two forces correct

Nama kedua-dua daya betul

(iii) Backward momentum (for every second),

p = mv
= (100)(200)
= 20 000 kgms-1
(iv) Forward momentum = 20 000 kgms-1
Total

5
1
1
1
20

No
97

a
b
c i.
ii.
d

Answers
Force per unit area
Depth of air bubble in Diagram 9.1 > Diagram 9.2
Water pressure acting on Diagram 9.1 > Diagram 9.2
Volume of air bubble in Diagram 9.1 > Diagram 9.2
The higher the depth the higher the water pressure
The higher the water pressure acting on the bubble, the lower the volume of air bubble.
Place beaker A on the wooden block so it would be higher
Immerse the end of the rubber tube in water of Beaker A
Suck out the air in the rubber tube so the water can be flowed to Beaker B

Marks
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Modification
Brake fluid - oil
High density fluid/ high viscosity
cross sectional area of output piston big
cross sectional area of input piston is
small
The pipe must be strong/
Must be painted/
Leakage detector or sensor/

Explanation
Transfer pressure uniformly / prevent
from rusting
Not easily evaporate/ not easily to form
bubble
Produce bigger pressure on output piston
Produce bigger force on input piston

10 marks

Not easily broken/

Not easily become rust/
Prevent less efficiency
Total

20 marks

NO

8 9(a)

9(b)(i)

9(b)(ii)

(c)

(d)

MARKING SCHEME
The image which can be seen or projected on a screen
Imej yang boleh dilihat atau terbentuk di atas skrin.
1st : Lens in Diagram 9.1 is thicker
Kanta dalam Rajah 9.1 lebih tebal
2nd : Focal length in Diagram 9.1 is shorter
Panjang focus dalam Rajah 9.1 lebih pendek
3rd : Power of lens in Diagram 9.1 is higher.
Kuasa kanta dalam Rajah 9.1 lebih tinggi
1st : The thicker the lens the shorter the focal length
Semakin tebal kanta, semakin pendek panjang focus.
2nd : The thicker the lens the higher the power of lens
Semakin tebal kanta, semakin tinggi kuasa kanta
st
1 : Light from the sky travels from a cold / denser air to a hot /
lense dense air.
Cahaya daripada langit bergerak daripada udara sejuk / lebih
tumpat ke udara panas / kurang tumpat
2nd: Light refracts away from normal line.
Cahaya terbias menjauhi garis normal
rd
3 : At certain point, the incident angle is greater than the critical
angle
Pada satu tahap, sudut tuju lebih besar daripada sudut
genting
4th : Total internal reflection occurs
Pantulan dalam penuh berlaku

CHARACTERISTICS
1. Type of the Projection
lens: convex lens
Kanta cembung
3. Surface of the reflector:
black
Permukaan pemantul
berwarna hitam
5. High power of the bulb
Kuasa mentol yang tinggi
7. Distance between LCD to
the screen is far
Jarak antara LCD dengan
skrin adalah jauh
9. Body material: Lower
Density / plastic

REASON
2. Can produce real image
Boleh hasilkan imej
nyata
4. Can absorb heat
Boleh menyerap haba
6. Can produce bright light
Menghasilkan cahaya
yang cerah / terang
8. Can produce large
image.
Boleh hasilkan imej
yang besar
10. Easy to carry / lighter
Mudah dibawa / ringan

[ Lihat

4531/3 2015 PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM

TOTAL
MARK
1

10

halaman sebelah
SULIT

Mark Scheme

9 9 (a)

(b)

Sub
Mark

Total Mark

Wavelength is the distance between 2 consecutive crests or trough.

1. The speed of red light is higher.

2. The frequencies of both light are the same.
3. The angle of refraction of red light is bigger than green light.
4. The higher the speed the bigger the refracted angle.
5. Light phenomena is refraction.

1
1
1
1
1

(c)

1. Ray from bird is refracted towards normal

2. Image of bird is higher

3. Ray from fish is reflected//// total internal reflection
4. Image of fish above water
(d)

Suggestion
Use 2 convex lenses
Short Focal length of
both lenses and fo < fe
Object, u is placed:
f< u < 2f
Microscope equip with
mirror or light bulb
More than one objective
lenses with different
power of lenses

Explanation / Reason
The lenses are objective lens and
eyepiece
To get a more magnified image
To get a real and magnified
image.
To illuminate the object
Max
Tissues can be observed with
more than 1 magnifications

10

109. (a) (i) A virtual image is an image that cannot be formed on a screen
Imej maya adalah imej yang tidak dapat terbentuk pada skrin

(1m)

(ii) -Lens J is thicker than lens K/Kanta J lebih tebal daripada kanta K
-The focal length of lens K is longer than lens J /Panjang focus kanta K adalah
lebih panjang daripada panjang focus kanta J
- The size of the image produced by lens J is bigger than that produced by lens K /
Saiz imej yang dihasilkan oleh kanta J adalah lebih besar daripada imej yang
dihasilkan oleh kanta K.
- When the focal length increases,the size of the image decreases /Apabila
panjang focus bertambah,saiz imej berkurang
- When the power of a lens increases,its focal length decreases /Apabila kuasa
kanta bertambah,panjang focus berkurang
(5m)
(b) (i) At u < f
(ii)

(4m)
(c)
Characteristics
1. Type of the Projection lens :
convex
3. Surface of the reflector : black
5. Power of the bulb :high
7. Distance between LCD to the
screen : far
9. Body material : lower density

Reason
2. Can produce real image
4. Can absorb heat
6. Can produce bright light
8. Can produce large image
10. Easy to carry
(10m)

10

cikgusazali.blogspot.my

11

11

cikgusazali.blogspot.my

12

12

cikgusazali.blogspot.my

13

13

(a)

The incident angle when the refraction angle is 90.

(b)

(i)

n=

(ii)

Critical angle of glass, c = 41.81

Critical angle of diamonds, c = 24.62

sin i
sin r

Critical angle of diamonds less than glass. Total internal reflection easy to
occur.
(c)

(d)

(i)

n = 1.34

(ii)

Apparent depth = 0.746 m

High refractive index
Thicker glass
Low thermal conductivity
Small angle

Low critical angle

Slow rate transfer of heat
Bad heat conductor
Total internal reflection can occur

Choose Q

14

1,3,5,7,9 Give ffte cowect s{rgge$frons

l0 Give the correcf reasons
$uosestion
Loudspeakers are so that the distanffi
positioned at quite a between consecutive
distance away.
constructive /
destructive
interference is smaller.
The two main
To prevent multiple
Ioudspeakers are
reflections
not positioned
opposite to each
other
bsards/ Reflection effects can
materials which are be reduced
sound absorbers
Use (tic) carpes
Reduce unne$essary
reflection of the floor.
Assemble a higher
To produce a
power speaker
louder/clearer

Fix soft

Assemble ihe
speaker at a high
s,10

Wide coverage // the

wade is not blocked

{1
QUESTION 14
Quesfi on 14
11
Paft
Mark
(a)
(b)

Answer

Alote

Reflection

tr& &rcs offu

= disnmr sf

Refer the
rnarks on the
diagram

ha$r

Accept any
object drawn
Exp. candle
l{1-&alr}&imlhonthr

n&tutu
}t

rrg1rsff

=qhafr

1J3- muapalatr

(c)

Characteristics

Explanation

I
15

1,2

3,4
5,6

f,oncave

Focus the light

$ize is big

I Reflect more light

Alurninium

I Can reflect

$ame as focal length I Produce parallel light

7,8

Choose : S.
s.10

{dxi}

1
1

(ii)

1
1

8+5
= 13 rn
8+4
=12

*ft\s
t *}.
l.'I !-rT?
f
s)-*+

-,r"

,s"t

Total

20

16

Bahan dari jenis

ketumpatan rendah /
plastik
TOTAL
NO

1510(a)

10(b)(i)

10(b)(ii)

10(c)(i)

10(c)(ii)

MARKING SCHEME

234
90

+ 42

1.

Type of nuclear reaction is

nuclear fission.
Jenis tindakbalas nuclear
ialah pembelahan nucleus.

3. Material for the moderator

is graphite.
Bahan untuk moderator
ialah grafit.
5. Material for the control rod
is Boron or cadmium

REASON
2. Can produce neutrons
to spark chain reaction
Boleh hasilkan neutron
yang boleh cetuskan
tindakbalas berantai.
4. Can slow down the fast
neutrons
Boleh memperlahankan
neutron yang laju
6. Can absorb some of the
neutrons, so reduced
[ Lihat

4531/3 2015 PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM

1 : correct notation for Th

2nd : correct notation for alpha particle
1st : proton number decreases by 2
Nombor proton berkurang sebanyak 2
2nd : neutron number decreases by 2
Nombor neutron berkurang sebanyak 2

CHARACTERISTICS

10(d)

TOTAL
MARK

Half life is the time taken for a radioactive substance to decay to

half of its initial mass or activity.
Separuh hayat ialah masa yang diambil untuk bahan radioaktif
mereput menjadi separuh daripada jisim atau aktiviti asalnya.
1st : Initial activity of both sources are equal
Aktiviti mula kedua-dua sumber adalah sama
2nd : the time interval for the activity to be halved in Diagram 10.1
is longer
sela masa untuk aktiviti menjadi separuh dalam Rajah 10.1
lebih lama.
3rd : The rate of decay of the radioactive in Diagram 10.1 is slower.
Kadar pereputan bahan radioaktif dalam Rajah 10.1 lebih
lambat.
st
1 : The longer the time interval for the activity to be halved, the
slower the rate of decay.
Semakin lama sela masa untuk aktiviti menjadi separuh,
semakin lambat kadar pereputan bahan radioaktif.
2nd : The slower the rate of decay of the ratdioactive sources, the
longer the half life.
Semakin lambat kadar pereputan bahan radioactive, semakin
lama separuh hayat

238
92
st

20

10

halaman sebelah
SULIT

17

Bahan untuk rod pengawal

ialah boron atau cadmium

7. Material of the coolant is

water
Bahan untuk penyejuk
ialah air

9. Thick concrete shield

Perisai konkrit yang tebal

the rate of the fission

reaction
Boleh menyerap
neutron, oleh itu
mengurangkan kadar
tindakblas pembelahan
nukleus
8. Water has high specific
heat capacity so it can
absorb more heat
Air mempunyai muatan
haba tentu yang tinggi,
oleh itu dapat
menyerap haba dengan
banyak.
10. Prevent leakage of
radiation from the
reactor core
Mengelakkan
kebocoran sinaran
daripada reactor.

20

Total Marks

NO

MARKING SCHEME

11(a)

Heat is a form of energy

Haba ialah sejenis bentuk tenaga
1st : more volume or quantity of water
Lebih banyak isipadi atau kuantiti air
2nd :needs more heat
Perlu lebih banyak haba
3rd : Q = mC , Q = pt
4th : Heat directly proportional to mass and directly proportional to
time.// Q m t
haba berkadar terus dengan jisim dan berkadar terus dengan
masa /

11(b)

11(c)

CHARACTERISTICS
1. Low density
Ketumpatan rendah.
3. Bakelite

REASON
2. Easy to carry // lighter
Mudah dibawa / ringan
4. Good insulator / not hot
Penebat yang baik /
tidak panas

[ Lihat

4531/3 2015 PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM

TOTAL
MARK
1

10

halaman sebelah
SULIT

18

SULIT

Question
11 (a)
16
(b) (i)
(b) (ii)

(c) (ii)

4531

Mark Scheme
Mass per volume
M1
M2
M3
M4

Angle 60o is greater than critical angle

Total internal reflection occurs
Enter less density air
Refracted away normal / speed of light increases in air

Total
Mark

1
1
1
1

Correct substitution
1.50 =

1
sin

M1

State the answer

41.8o ~ 42.1o
(c) (iii)

Sub
Mark

M2

Correct substitution
1.50 =

sin
sin 15

/ 1.50 =

sin(90)
sin 15

M1

i = 22.95 // 23.0 // x = 90 i // x = 90 22.95 // 90 - 23

State the answer
67.0o ~ 67.05o
(c)
M1

Suitability
Higher flexibility

M2

M3

More / two

M4

M5

Longer focal length (reject 4.0 or

5.0 mm)
With air/water nozzle

M6

M7
M9

M10

M8

M3

Reason
Easily change direction / easily
bend
Brighter image (reject clear
image)
Bigger image / higher
magnification
Clean the lens

State the most suitable endoscope

R
Combination of [(M1/M2) + (M3/M4) + (M5/M6) + (M7/M8)]
E.g.: M1,M3,M6 & M7 / M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M7 /
(NO SCORE IF: M1,M3,M5,M6 / M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6 /

4531 2016 Hak cipta Maktab Sultan Abu Bakar

M2
3

2
2
2
2

10

Total
C11

20

[Lihat halaman sebelah

19
SULIT

1712(a)

(i)

The time taken for half of nucleus radioactive material to decay.

(ii)

Fast moving electron / electron

(b)

- 800 ---------> 400 --------->

14 days

200 ----------> 100

14 days

----------> 50 //

14 days

14 days

No. of T 1/2 = 4
- 4 x 14 days / 56 days

(c)
Characteristic
State of matter -liquid

Reasons
Easily absorbed by plants

Half-life -14 days

Can be detected in a suitable

period

Types of ray -Beta ray

Less dangerous

Type of detector -G-M tube

Can detect rays easily

2
2
2
2

(d)

Choose Y because state of matter is liquid, half-life 14 days, types of ray

Beta ray and the type of detector is G-M tube

(i)

1
1
1
1

(ii)

E = mc2
2.9 x 10 -11 = m x (3.0 x 108)2

Neutron bombarded a uranium nucleus // Diagram

Three neutrons produced // Diagram
The new neutron bombarded a new uranium nucleus // Diagram
For every reaction, the neutrons produced will generate a chain
reaction // Diagram

m = 3.22 x 10-28 kg
Total

1
20

20

18

(a)

The decay of radioisotope by emitting radiation

(b)

(i)

238
92

(ii)

Nombor of proton reduced by two.

Nombor of neutron reduced by two.

(iii)

3 alpha, 2 beta

(iv)

1g

(i)

Radioisotope dissolved in the water.

A rate meter//detector used to detected the reading of radiation emitted.
The highest reading of rate meter shows the spot of water leakage.

(c)

Th + 24 He

234
90

(ii)
Moderate penetrating power
Beta radiation
Few hours of half life

Liquid matter

Able to penetrate pipe and soil

Able to penetrate pipe and soil
Enough time for the leakage to be
detected // not stay too longer in the
water
Easy to dissolve in water

Choose R

21

19

(a)

(i)

A high speed electron

(ii)

Solid state
High ionising power
Long half-life

(iii)

Easy to conduct
To ionize air molecules
surrounding
Long lasting // no need to replace
regularly

Choose P: Solid state, high ionising power, and long half-life.

(b)

Low ionising power: Not damage healthy cell

Moderate // low half-life: enough time for to be detected // not stay longer in the
body
High penetrating power: able to penetrate the bone
Produce low energy gamma ray: not damage healthy tissue // cells
Liquid state: easy dissolved in the blood stream

(c)

(i)
(ii)

15 minutes
0.625 g

22

20

23

21
QUESTION 10
Pafi
(a)

Ma*
1

Answer

Sfafe the correct meaning

One colour

{b)

fifofe

ll ane wavelength

Sfafe the *arrect comparfson hetureen the

disfance between tarc con$ecutive fringes
The distance between two consecutive fringes in
$a.2 ) > (10.1)
Sfafe tha carreet comparssn between the
slifs separatian
Same

Stafe the carrect comparison befireen the

oisfance befween ffte scrBsn and double slit
Same
Sfafe the correct carnparfson between the
wavatength of the blue light and tfie red light,
The wavelength

of the blue light < the red light.

Sfafe the correct relationship betwean the

wavelength and the dl'sfarce befreen *sa
eonsecuffye
Directly propoftional // As the wavelength
increases , the distance between two
consecutive increase$

(c)

Exptain the correct type of sou nd wave is

ssed
ultrasound

Explain how the ultrasoand is fransmftted

Ultrassund is transmitted to the sea bed
Explain haw the ultrasound is recefved

a receiyer will then detect the refleCed the

reflected pulses

Explain how the time is taken

the time taken by the pulse to travel

seabed and return

to the receiver

TUIAX

to

the
being

recorded, t
Explain hour the depffi is calculated
the depth of the sea can be calculated using the
formula,

.vt
0--

24

1,3,5,7,9 Give ffte cowect s{rgge$frons

l0 Give the correcf reasons
$uosestion
Loudspeakers are so that the distanffi
positioned at quite a between consecutive
distance away.
constructive /
destructive
interference is smaller.
The two main
To prevent multiple
Ioudspeakers are
reflections
not positioned
opposite to each
other
bsards/ Reflection effects can
materials which are be reduced
sound absorbers
Use (tic) carpes
Reduce unne$essary
reflection of the floor.
Assemble a higher
To produce a
power speaker
louder/clearer

Fix soft

Assemble ihe
speaker at a high
s,10

Wide coverage // the

wade is not blocked

QUESTION {1
Quesfi on 11
Paft
Mark
(a)
(b)

Answer

Alote

Reflection

tr& &rcs offu

= disnmr sf

Refer the
rnarks on the
diagram

ha$r

Accept any
object drawn
Exp. candle
l{1-&alr}&imlhonthr

n&tutu
}t

rrg1rsff

=qhafr

1J3- muapalatr

(c)

Characteristics

Explanation

I
25

Answer scheme
No.
10
22

Answer
(a) Gelombang electromagnet adalah satu kumpulan gelombang yang
dihasilkan oleh cas-cas elektrik yang dipecutkan dalam medan elektrik
dan medan magnet yang berserenjang antara satu sama lain.

Marks
1

(b) gelombang J dan gelombang K mempunyai laju yang sama

- Panjang gelombang K kurang daripada J
- Frekuensi K lebih tinggi daripada J

1
1
1

(c) 1. Kesemuanya adalah gelombang melintang

2. boleh merambat melalui vakum/ tidak dipesongkan oleh medan
magnet dan elektrik

1
1

(d) gelombang radio ialah gelombang electromagnet

- Halaju gelombang radio lebih tinggi daripada gelombang bunyi
- Gelombang radio tidak memerlukan medium untuk merambat
tetapi gelombang bunyi memerlukan medium
- Frekuensi gelombang radio lebih tinggi dan boleh membawa lebih
banyak maklumat
- Gelombang radio memindahkan lebih banyak tenaga dan boleh
bergerak lebih jauh
(e)
pengubahsuaian
sebab
Lokasi pemancar di tempat yang Tidak terhalang dan boleh
lebih tinggi
menangkap lebih banyak isyarat
Bilangan pemancar ditambah
Menambah kekuatan isyarat/
menambah tenaga isyarat/
megurangkan kehilangan tenaga
semasa pemancaran
Jarak antara dua pemancar
Menambah kekuatan isyarat/
harus lebih dekat
menambah tenaga isyarat
Frekuensi isyarat televisyen
Mempunyai panjang gelombang
harus lebih rendah
yang lebih tinggi/ lebih mudah
dibelaukan
Kekuatan isyarat televisyen
Mempunyai tenaga lebih tinggi/
harus lebih besar
boleh bergerak dalam jarak yang
lebih jauh
Jumlah markah

4
(pilih
manamana 4)

1+1
1+1
1+1
1+1

1+1
20 markah

26

Q 10 / S 10
23
(a)

(i)

(a)

(ii)

(b)

mark
- Distance between two consecutive creasts/trough

- Region P longer/vice versa

- Region P higher/vice versa
- Region P is deeper/vice versa
- Region P smaller/vice versa
- The smaller the change in speed, the smaller the angle
of deviation / vice versa

1
1
1
1
1

At night ground cools quickly // ground has low specific heat capacity //air layer
near the ground colder // low temperature.
Cold air denser than warm air // Diagram
Sound faster in warm air // sound slower in cold air
Sound bends towards observer / ground // Refractionoccurs.

1
1
1
1

(c)
.Modification/ Suggestion
/Design/Way

Explanation / Reason

1. Ultrasound

2. Safer / no side effect to the foetus // can

differentiate between layers of different soft
tissues

1
1

3. high frequency

4. can penetrate into mothers womb to scan

the foetus / does not diffract easily

5.- small amplitude - high

amplitude

6. - does not harm the foetus

clearer image

7. gel layer

8. Allow the transducer to move easily on the

skin // Reduce frictional force //produce
better sound contact between probe and
foetus

- to produce

1
1
1
1
1
1

(ii)

Reflection of sound wave

(iii)

determine the depth of the sea // determine the position of a shoal of fish

Total marks

20

27

BAHAGIAN C
Soalan
11(a)
(b)

(c)

(d)

Cadangan Jawapan
Rate of change of displacement
AB : Velocity increases uniformly / Constant acceleration
BC : Constant velocity // Zero / No acceleration
CD : Velocity decreases uniformly / Constant deceleration
Moving in opposite direction
Larger diameter of tyre
Wheelchair can move faster
Narrow tyre
Less contact with the ground / Less friction
Low seat
More stable / Lower centre of gravity
Bigger angle of camber
Increases stability
Best choice: R
Big diameter, narrow tyre, low seat and bigger angle of camber
(i) EP = mgh = 95 x 10 x 10
= 9500 J
(ii) EP = EK = mv2
9500 = (95) v2
v = 14.1 m s1
(iii) No energy loss to the surrounding

Soalan
2412(a)
(b)

Cadangan Jawapan
Sources which vibrate at the same frequency and in phase / * Accept: same
wavelength
(i)

300

(c)

(d)

1
1
1
20
Markah
1
1

1200

1
1

= 0.25 m
(ii) x =

Markah
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

(0.25)(5.0)

=
2.0
= 0.625 m
At night, temperature of air decreases
Density of air is higher
Wavelength decreases // Velocity decreases
x is directly proportional to
Radio wave
Longer wavelength // Easy to diffract
Higher frequency
Faster transmission // Travel further
Greater number of antenna
Transmit more signals at one time // Stronger signal transmitted
Higher position
Less obstacle // Less signal loss
Best choice: Q
Radio wave, higher frequency, greater number of antenna and placed at higher
position

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
20

28

SULIT

Sub
Mark

Total
Mark

Distance per time

M1
M2
M1
M2

1
1
1
1

Question
12 (a)
25
(b) (i)
(b) (ii)

(c) (i)

(c) (ii)

4531

Mark Scheme

Sound travels through vibration between particles of air.

Compressions and rarefactions between particles of air.
Travel longer distance.
Damping occurs / energy loss to surrounding

Correct substitution5
5 cm x 1.0 ms cm-1

State the answer

5 ms (accept w/o unit) (rejects wrong unit)

Correct conversion of unit:

5 x 10-3 // 0.005
Correct substitution
5 x 287.86 // 0.005 x 287.86 // 5 x 10 -3 x 287.86 // ecf (c)(i) x 287.86
State the answer
1.4393 m // 1.439 m // 1.44 m (accept w/o unit) (rejects wrong unit)

(d)
M1

Suitability
Active sonar

M2

M3

Shallow water

M4

M5

Ultrasound sound

M6

M7

With plimsoll line

M8

M9

M10

Reason
Can send / emitting pulses at different
location
Diagram show a big group of fish at shallow
water
Higher frequency / more energy / can travel
deeper water
To avoid over loaded

1
1

2
2
2
2

State the boat

Y

Combination of [(M1/M2) + (M3/M4) + (M5/M6) + (M7/M8)]

E.g.: M1,M3,M6 & M7 / M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M7 /
(NO SCORE IF: M1,M3,M5,M6 / M1,M2,M3,M4,M5,M6 /

10

Total
C12

20

4531 2016 Hak cipta Maktab Sultan Abu Bakar

29

SULIT

Sub

Total
Jumlah

26

12
(a)

(b)

Gelombang ultrasonic ialah gelombang bunyi yang mempunyai

frekuensi > 20 000Hz.

(c)

Gelombang ultrasonic dipancarkan oleh pemancar gelombang

dari kapal ke lantai lautan.
Gelombang ultrasonic mempunyai frekuensi dan tenaga yang
tinggi.
Gelombang ultrasonic tiba ke lantai lautan dan dipantulkan
semula ke arah kapal.
Gelombang pantulan diterima oleh penerima isyarat.

1
1
4
1
1

Ciri-ciri

Penerangan

Jenis sinar : Gelombang radio

Mudah dibelaukan //
Tidak mudah terhalang

Jarak kunci dari kereta : Jauh

Pintu kereta mudah dibuka dari

jauh.

Keselamatan kepada pengguna:

Tiada kesan

Tidak memudaratkan pengguna

Sumber gelombang: Gelombang

electromagnet

Mempunyai julat yang besar

10

(d)(i)

5 103 =

(3 108 )
2

= 3.33 105
3.33 105
for 1 =
5
= 6.67 106

(d)(ii)

5cm = 5km
1cm = 1km
- see anywhere, give 1 mark
Kapal terbang ke dua:
= (7)(6.67 106 )
= 4.67 105
Jumlah

5
1
1
20

~Selamat Menanda~
30

27

NO

MARKING CRITERIA

MARKS

QUESTION 9
(a)(i)
(ii)

(b)

(c)

Rate of change of momentum.

1. Egg in diagram 9.2 break/ egg in diagram 9.1 does not break.
2. Force (act on the egg) on surface A is less than on surface B // vice versa.
3. Time of impact on surface A is less than on surface B//vice versa.
4. The egg breaks when the force is big because the time of impact on the egg
is small.
5. The smaller the time if impact the bigger the force acting on the egg.
1 Soft material/ thick material
2. reduce impulsive force act on the egg
3. increase the time of impact
4. the shorter the time impact, the higher the impulsive force
Modification
Explanation
Shape of the shuttle conical
Allow for better / fast air
shape /oval /diagram
flow//produce more lift force //

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

reduce air resistance

Material used for shuttle
feather / small mass/ low
density
Material used for base of the
shuttle cork/ small mass/ low
density

Light// high velocity/

acceleration //further distance
travelled//reduce inertia // smaller
mass
Light// high velocity/
acceleration //further distance
travelled//reduce inertia // smaller
mass

Material used for the string of

the racquet strong/ low
elasticity

Not easily broken //withstand

high force

High tension

Short time impact// high

impulsive force

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
TOTAL

20

31

28

QUESTION 10

(a)

diffraction

wavelength 10.1 > 10.2

size of slit are same
circular wave for 9.1 or plane wave for 9.2
(ii)
10.2 size of slit > wavelength, plane wave bending at the edge/slightly bend
plane wave is produced // 10.1 size of slit < wavelength, circular wave is
produced
The smaller the size of the slit compared to the wavelength, the diffraction
effect more obvious.
(c)Radi Radio wave is electromagnetic wave
Radio wave have higher velocity than sound wave
Radio wave can travel without medium but sound wave need the medium
has high frequency / carry more information
carry more energy/ can move further
(d)
Modification
Reason
Frequency of
Longer wavelength/ diffraction easier
signal is low
The location of
no blocking / capture more signal
transmitter higher
the number of
increase the strength of signal/ increase energy of signal /
transmitter is
reduce energy lost during transmission
more / many
The strength of
have more energy / can move further
signal is higher
The distance
increase the strength of signal/ increase energy of signal
between two
transmitter is
closer
TOTAL

1
1
1
1

(b) (i)

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

20

32

29

NO
(a)
(b)

(c)(i)

MARKING CRITERIA
QUESTION 11
Buoyant force equal to the weight of water displaced
Rod A float because weight of rod equal to the buoyant force
Buoyant force equal to weight of water displaced
Rod A sink deeper in olive oil because olive oil less dense than water
When the density decrease, volume of water displaced increase
= ,

(d)

= 3.75 x 10 -3 m3
WL + WB = Wwater displaced
WL + 3 x 10 = w V g
WL + 30 = 37.5
WL = 7.5 N
.
mL =
= 0.75 kg
Characteristics
Volume of the balloon is
bigger
Material used for balloon is
nylon
Material used for basket is
rattan
Temperature of air inside the
balloon is higher

1
1
1
1
Reason
Produced bigger buoyant force /
displaced more volume of air
Stronger / does not break easily
Lighter / low mass / increase the
time impact / reduce impulsive
force
Reduce the density of air / reduce
the mass of air in the balloon /
increase upward resultant force /
can carry more load

The best chosen is K because volume of the balloon is bigger,

material used for balloon is nylon, material used for basket is
rattan and temperature of air inside the balloon is higher
TOTAL

1
1
1
1
1

V=

(ii)

MARKS

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1

20

33