MAPUA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SCHOOL OF CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOLOGICAL ENGINEERING

HYDRAULICS LABORATORY

NAME

:______ZAPANTA, JOHN MICHAEL M.____________________

STUDENT NO.

: _____2013150752___________________________________

COURSE-SECTION

: _____CE142P C5_______________ GROUP NO. : ___3___

EXPERIMENT NO. _12-B_

_______

HEAD LOSS DUE TO PIPE FITTINGS______

TITLE

DATE PERFORMED

: _______November 14, 2016_______

DATE SUBMITTED

: _______November 24, 2016______

GRADE

ENGR. KEVIN PAOLO V. ROBLES

INSTRUCTOR

EXPERIMENT NO. 12-B

HEAD LOSS DUE TO PIPE FITTINGS

I. INTRODUCTION
Head loss in a pipe fitting is proportional to the velocity head of the
fluid flowing through the fitting.
2

Ku
h ( m H 2 O )=
2g
Where:
K is the fitting factor

u = mean velocity of water through the pipe (m/s).

g = 9.81 (acceleration due to gravity, m/s 2)

Note: A flow control value is a pipe fitting which has an adjustable K

factor. The minimum value of K and the relationship between stem
movement and K factor are important in selecting a value for an
application.

II. OBJECTIVES
To determine the head loss associated with flow of the water through
standard fittings used in plumbing installations.

III. SKETCH OF THE APPARATUS

A. Stopwatch a handheld time piece designed to measure the amount of

time elapsed from a particular time when it is activated to the time when the
piece is deactivated.

B. Reynolds Apparatus - used in demonstration of laminar or streamline flow,

turbulent
flow and the transition between these two
regimes by observation of injected dye line.

C. Thermometer - apparatus that indicates the temperature of a medium

D. Stopwatch a handheld time piece designed to measure the amount of

time elapsed from a particular time when it is activated to the time when the
piece is deactivated.

IV. LABORATORY PROCEDURE

METHOD
Measure the differential head between tappings on fittings and test valves.
TAKING A SET OF RESULTS
1. Prime the network with water. Open and close the appropriate valves to
obtain flow of water through the required fitting.
2. Measure flow rates using the volumetric tank in conjunction with low
control valve V6.
3. Measure the differential head between tappings on each fitting used the
pressurized water manometer.
4. Measure differential head between tappings on test valves using the
pressurized water manometer and mercury manometer as appropriate for
different valve settings (open to closed).

VI. SAMPLE COMPUTATION

Given:
Trial 1 (Turbulent flow)
V = 0.002 m3
T = 20 C
= 1.002 x 10-6 m2 /s
t = 70.76 sec
D = 14.06 mm

Solution:
3

V 0.002 m
m
Qt = =
=2.82646 x 105
t
70.76 s
s

Qt 2.82646 x 105
m
v= =
=0.359876
A
s
( 0.01406 m)2
4
m
0.359876 )(0.01406)
(
s
vD
R= =
=3591.575
e

1.002 x 106

VII. CONCLUSION

m
s

VIII. APPLICATION TO ENGINEERING

IX. REFERENCES
A. Uy,F. A., Tan, F., & Monjardin, C. E. (2015). Laboratory Manual in Fluid
Mechanics
B. http://www.gunt.de/static/s4563_1.php
C. http://www.advantageengineering.com/fyi/156/advantageFYI156.php